CN107261714A - A kind of fine particle thermophoretic deposition dust removal method and its system - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of fine particle thermophoretic deposition dust removal method and its system, mainly by thermophoretic deposition deduster, waste heat lithium bromide absorption chiller system, gas-heating apparatus and electrical apparatus control system are constituted, dust-contained airflow is from dust-contained airflow entrance inflow gas moist closet, enter in the presence of air-introduced machine and make thermophoresis product motion in square planar cold wall pipe from top to bottom, because inertia and suction function make air-flow continue downwards when air-flow flows out from square planar cold wall pipe, until cone cylinder bottom airflow slowly rises air-introduced machine entrance is escaped and enter from negative pressure chamber through air stream outlet 69, so as to realize the purpose of gas dirt separation；The present invention is based on live actual tests, and making to organically combine with reference to both with theoretical formula makes the control of its thermophoretic deposition system and actual conditions quite surely close.Deduster is set to have very high thermophoretic deposition rate.Due to then energy-saving and environment-friendly using lithium bromide utilizing waste heat for refrigeration.

Description

A kind of fine particle thermophoretic deposition dust removal method and its system

Technical field

The present invention is under conditions of with thermograde, applied to thermophoretic forces principle, to solve minitype particle thing dedusting skill Art problem.

Its general principle is to be present in the ultrafine dust among the air-flow of uneven temperature.Come from microcosmic angle analysis See, its surface can be cooled the irregular oblique impact of the sudden gas molecule in area and hot-zone.During oblique impact, hot-zone is flown here The tangential momentum of gas molecule be more than tangential momentum from the sudden molecule of the gas of cold-zone, can so be brought to particle surface Sizable tangential momentum.From the point of view of macroscopic perspective analysis, it is presented as that gas molecule applies and thermograde side to fixed wall To opposite tangential force, thermograde is parallel with particle wall in gas, and the power is referred to as thermophoretic forces.Because momentum was transmitted Reciprocity in journey, the sudden particle in hot-zone can also lose identical momentum at the surface of the particles.Be reflected in is exactly macroscopically gas There is speed difference between body molecule and particle motion, show Relative sliding, this sliding is exactly hot sliding phenomenon.

In fact thermophoretic forces exist it is any be placed on the solid of thermograde, only as the quality of superfine particulate matter is very It is small, it can be moved in the presence of thermophoretic forces, produce the speed opposite with thermograde, and hot sliding phenomenon is produced, so as to promote Subparticle separates sedimentation from air-flow, is eventually deposited on the planar wall of cold-zone, so as to reach the purpose of dedusting.

Background technology

（One）, subparticle concept

1st, subparticle concept

Air equivalent diameter is less than 10 microns of grit, commonly referred to as subparticle, and the grit less than 2.5 microns is referred to as ultra-fine Particle, and referred to as pm2.5.

2nd, fine particle main chemical compositions.

The fine particle levitated, main component is elemental carbon, Organic Compounds.Portion rises up into the air, Secondary particulate particle is produced under sun photosynthesis.Also have in addition：

（1）Salt：Sulfate, nitrate and ammonia salt.

（2）Part metals element：Magnesium, aluminium, iron, lead, copper etc.

（3）A small amount of nonmetalloid

3rd, the source of fine particle

（1）Natural source

（1-1）Travel fatigue raises soil.

（1-2）Natural calamity.

（1-3）Forest fire.

（1-4）Lake, ocean, floating object.

（2）The mankind discharge

（2-1）The burning of fossil fuel：Such as natural gas, oil product, coal.

（2-2）The burning of biological straw, combustion of wood and various rubbish.

（2-3）In various energy combustion processes, the small part gas produced in waste gas gets into the air, in sunshine and effect Under, produce secondary particulate minitype particle.

（2-4）Motor road airborne dust.

（2-5）Heavy construction and building construction dust from construction sites.

4th, various fine particle energy burnings and industrial waste gas, to human physical and mental health and natural model border and the most advanced branches of science The harm and influence of development.

（1）Harm of the pm2.5 to human health

Harm of the fine particle to human health：In general, the smaller extent of injury of particulate matter diameter is bigger, and diameter is more than 10 Micron subparticle, energy direct gear is outside nostril, and diameter is more than 2.5 microns, and the subparticle less than 10 microns can enter nose Chamber or the upper respiratory tract, but can be blocked or be excluded through sputum by nasal cavity fine hair.Diameter is less than 2.5 microns of particle, can be deeply thin Bronchovesicular.Disturb pulmonary gases to exchange, trigger asthma, bronchitis, and angiocardiopathy.Lung can more seriously be caused Portion's lesion.

（2）Influence of the subparticle to environment

（2-1）The part energy is changed under certain condition in the noxious gas emission air such as SO2, Nox, HC that burning is produced Into particulate, human physical and mental health and natural environment are had a strong impact on.

（2-2）SO2, Nox gas discharged after oil product, coal burning are converted into acid rain under certain condition, destruction Forest and vegetation.

（2-3）Pm2.5 is discharged into when reaching finite concentration in air, and haze is produced after running into corresponding temperature and humidity, Have a strong impact on trip and the Road Transportation industry of people.

（3）Influence to high-technology industry：

With the development of modern project technology and S＆T tax, requirement of the high-tech to environment also more and more higher, particularly micro- electricity Sub-industry.The diameter and concentration of subparticle in Serpentine Gallery Pavilion directly affect the yield rate of chip.And now integrated Circuit is strategic industries basis, and its technical merit and industry size indicate national economic development speed, sci-tech progress level With the strength of the national defence most advanced branches of science.

（4）The fine grain dedusting feature of microactuator suspension：

Subparticle is to natural environment, and the mankind's is physically and mentally healthy very harmful, and must be eliminated, but difficulty is very big, with biography The ripe dedusting technology of system can not be solved at all.And about new theory, environmentally friendly scientific worker both domestic and external and engineering technology Personnel are also just among research and inquirement.Here it is the principal contradiction and feature of pm2.5 subparticle dedustings.

（Two）Traditional dedusting and particle separation method：

1, mechanical collector：

（1）Gravity settling chamber.

Gravity settling chamber is to make a kind of simple dust arrester of dust natural subsidence using Action of Gravity Field.As shown in figure 1, containing Dust and gas flows through air inlet 1, and during by the area of section expansion chamber 2 more much bigger than pipeline area, flow velocity is substantially reduced, and makes big and weighs Grit be able to slowly drop down onto the bottom of Ji Chen Cone cylinders 3 and Ji Chen Cone cylinders 4 by its whole end speed Vs.Gravity settling chamber advantage is knot Structure is simple, has the disadvantage that more than 50 microns of grit can only be trapped.And efficiency of dust collection is low, bulky and floor space is big.

（2）Inertial dust separator.

The principle of inertial dust separator is to make dust-contained airflow impact on baffle plate, and drastic shift occurs for airflow direction, by dirt The grain inertia force of itself acts on gentle flow separation.As shown in Figure 2.Dust-contained airflow is impacted in baffle plate 8 from entrance 7 in Fig. 2, inertia The big thick grit of power is separated first.When smaller grit is entrained by the flow of air, due to the effect of baffle plate 9 and baffle plate 10 Change airflow direction, also be separated by the effect of centrifugal force.Inertial dust separator advantage is also simple in construction, adapts to high Concentration, the grit of metal or ore grit, i.e. 10-20 micron above of bulky grain.Have the disadvantage that applicability is small, other materials are special It is that fibroid and collagenous grit can not use because easily blocking.There is the problem of pressure loss is big in addition.

(3) cyclone centrifugal duster.

Cyclone centrifugal duster is air-flow is rotated, and grit is separated from air-flow by the effect of centrifugal force and is caught The dust arrester collected.

（3-1）The course of work of cyclone centrifugal duster, as shown in Figure 3：

A, the dust-contained airflow for entering cyclone centrifugal duster from air inlet 15 declines along the Inner walls of cylinder 17 in rotation, while having few Gas motion is measured into central area 19.

B, when most of arrival 20 bottom interior wall of cone of swirling eddy, then starts to switch to flow up, in center 19 domains rise in rotation, are finally discharged from row's mouth pipe 12, while there is also the radial motion of centrifugation.

Contained grit is progressively deposited to swirling eddy under the influence of centrifugal force in rotation operation process in C, air-flow On outer wall 18, under the promotion of outer rotational gas flow and Action of Gravity Field, fall when gradually dropping to dust outlet 22 along the inwall of cone 20 Into outside ash bucket.

（3-2）The advantage and disadvantage of cyclone centrifugal duster：

A, cyclone centrifugal duster advantage：

Cyclone centrifugal duster is mainly that advantage usage history is long, and structure is relatively easy, and efficiency of dust collection is higher, floor space phase To smaller.

B, cyclone centrifugal duster shortcoming：

The fine grit that cyclone centrifugal dust collection shortcoming is mainly less than 5 microns can not also be trapped, separately because whirlwind rotates ash-laden gas Stream Inner wall impact frictions power each to deduster is very big, thus it is larger to damage deduster, and the relative usage life-span is shorter.

2, filtration dust catcher, filtration dust catcher is to utilize filter bag by the dust arrester of the gentle flow separation of grit.

（1）Operation principle

In Fig. 4, filtration dust catcher principle is that dust-contained airflow enters garden tubular filter bag 25 from filter bag bottom, and grit is by filter bag cloth Material detention is got off, hole discharge of the air-flow through filter cloth material.Work of grit of the detention on filter bag cloth in mechanical vibration force 23 Split away off, fallen into through ash hole 31 in ash bucket from filter bag cloth under.

(2) course of work is as shown in Figure 4：

(2-1) dust-contained airflow enters cleaner body garden 24 bottoms of cylinder from entrance 29, and enter filter bag through ash-laden gas flow chamber 28 In 25.

（2-2）Air-flow flows out from the cloth hole of filter bag 25, and rises to main body garden 24 top air-purifying chambers of cylinder through exhaust Mouth 27 is discharged.

（2-3）Be deposited on the cloth of filter bag 25 grit layer in the presence of the mechanical vibration force of mechanical vibrator 23 from Separate, fallen into the taper ash bucket 30 of deduster bottom on the cloth of filter bag 25.

（3）Filtration dust catcher advantage：

Filtration dust catcher major advantage is that efficiency of dust collection is high, and can trap the fine grit of 3 microns.

（4）The shortcoming of filtration dust catcher

The major defect of filtration dust catcher is that dust abscission of the detention on filter bag is relatively difficult, and filter bag is easily damaged Bad, the short , Wei Xiu of usage cycles change difficult.

3, electric cleaner.

（1）Electric precipitation principle：Electric cleaner is to utilize electrostatic force, i.e., Coulomb force realizes that one kind that grit is separated with air-flow is removed Dirt device.

（2）The electric precipitation course of work is as shown in Figure 5：

（2-1）Dust-contained airflow enters the interior room of dust collecting electrode 38 through entrance.

（2-2）It is the power transmission of high-voltage rectifier 32 to electric supply installation, now electric supply installation is corona discharge electrode 33 and collection in discharge electrode Apply DC high voltage between dirt pole 38, discharge electrode is occurred corona discharge, gas ionization generates the substantial amounts of He of free electron 34 Cation 36.The Inner cations of corona zone 35 near discharge electrode are attracted to lose electricity in the past immediately by electronegative corona discharge electrode 33 Lotus.Free electron and the anion formed immediately are then moved because being driven by electric field force to the dust collecting electrode 38 of positively charged, and are filled Most spaces of full two interpolars.When dust-contained airflow is by electric field space, free electron, anion is collided and attached with dust Thereon, dust is just realized charged.

（2-3）Charged is driven toward dust collecting electrode 38 by the effect of Coulomb force in the electric field, is reached after certain time The surface of dust collecting electrode 38, releases the electrically charged and heavy collection of institute thereon.And separate the air-flow after dust and risen to dust collecting electrode air chamber top Air stream outlet is discharged.

（2-4）Dust deposition on the surface of dust collecting electrode 38 uses mechanical rapping apparatus rapping, by heavy collection in collection to after certain thickness Grit on the surface of dirt pole 38 is split away off, and is allowed to fall into the ash bucket of bottom.

（3）Electric cleaner advantage：

Electric cleaner advantage is that energy consumption is small, and the pressure loss is small, generally 200-500Pa, and efficiency of dust collection is high up to 99%, and can divide From the fine grit of 1 microns.

（4）Electric cleaner shortcoming：

Electric cleaner shortcoming is mainly first investment greatly, and the big floor spaces of equipment volume Pang are big to wait major defect.

The content of the invention

Part I：Goal of the invention：Understand that pm2.5 ultra-fine particles are suspended among air from background technology, seriously The physical and mental health of the mankind is endangered, natural environment is destroyed, haze is produced, transportation is restricted and with strategic high-end technology And the development speed and level of national defense industry.In order to reduce fine suspended particulate harm and influence degree, solve set forth above Problem, and the dust removal problem of the fine suspended particulates of pm2.5 must be solved first, but existing ripe dedusting technology is former by structure The restriction of reason, can not solve problem at all.The purpose of the present invention is to must be set up the new mode of thinking, using new principle, if Meter invention adapts to pm2.5 minitype particle dust arresters.

Part II：The core of the present invention is to open one's minds, and using new principle, establishes new dust removal method.

The inspiration that the present invention is illuminated by kerosene lamp：

（1）, before the eighties in last century, most rural areas and small towns all use kerosene（Also referred to as imported oil）Lamp is illuminated, wherein one Plant phenomenon worth thinking deeply about, will exactly remove the cloche of kerosene lamp before lighting daily, it is black that erasing sticks to lampshade inwall The flue dust of color.Otherwise black flue dust influences illuminating effect, and from this phenomenon, we realize a reason, are exactly with higher temperatures The flue dust of degree, which can be sticked to, to compare on the low cooling wall of its temperature.Obtain associating its portion big absolutely of subparticle from this phenomenon Divide the burning from the energy and the melting of smelting iron and steel and industrial casting.And these flue dust are all to carry certain high temperature, such as What really we were artificial sets up a plane cold wall, and flue dust is the same to be sticked in cold wall.As long as we understand fully kerosene combustion process It is middle to produce certain high-temperature smoke, the reason for sticking on the cloche inwall lower than its temperature, and this principle is made full use of, One surely finds the dust removal method of minitype particle.

（2）, as shown in Figure 7, kerosene lamp cloche 45 adhere to high-temperature smoke 44 process.

（2-1）, kerosene more than 380 degree of temperature can be produced when being burnt with wick 46, lampshade 45 is room temperature, and both are present Claim thermograde on the temperature difference, Gong Cheng Ji Intraoperative.

（2-2）, in the continuous combustion process of kerosene, continuously generate black flue dust.

（2-3）, lampshade inwall gradually form one layer of black cigarette film 44.

（3）, conclusion：The inwall of kerosene lamp lampshade 45, which can deposit kerosene and produce the phenomenon of black cigarette film 44 in combustion, to be belonged to Thermophoresis phenomenon.

（4）, establish application thermophoretic deposition be new dust removal method.

Part III：Various force analysis of the subparticle in the air-flow with thermograde：

（1）, fluid resistance be drag,

In incompressible continuous fluid, doing the subparticle of stable motion must be made by the i.e. drag of resistance of fluid With.This resistance is caused by two kinds of phenomenons：On the one hand because particle has certain shape, the stream of surrounding is arranged when taking exercises Body, causes pressure above big, pressure below is small, produces form drag.Another aspect particle exists with surrounding fluid to rub, Cause to produce frictional resistance.The resistance for making a concerted effort to be referred to as fluid of both power.The drag size of fluid, depending on the shape of particle The species and property of the size of shape, particle diameter, surface characteristic and movement velocity and fluid.In stable and continuous fluid medium, Move single spherical particle.When the movement velocity of fluid is far smaller than the velocity of sound, the fluid resistance of particle is by the viscous of fluid Frictional resistance caused by property.Now the resistance of fluid is represented by：

In formula

：By the resistance coefficient of measuring.

：The projected area unit of particle in the movement direction

：The density unit of fluid

：Relative velocity unit of the particle to fluid：

：The resistance unit that fluid is moved to particle

(2), gravity and buoyancy

The gravity expression formula of particle is：

Fluid is to the buoyancy expression formula that particle is produced：

In two formulas：

Grain diameter unit:

Acceleration of gravity unit:

Grain density unit:

Fluid density unit:

Gravitational unit:

Hu unit of force:

（3）, other active forces

Virtual mass power, Ba Saite power, magnus force, Sa Fuman lift, these power and resistance, buoyancy and gravity ratio, relatively It is much smaller, not Meter can be ignored.

(4) external force, i.e. thermophoretic forces.

Several power of the above, in addition to gravity, other several power all prevent the power of particle sedimentation separation from gas, and suspend Particle in fluid, light weight, the gravity of generation is small, and the effect of various resistances can not be overcome at all.And suspend in a fluid, Therefore the effect of an external force is needed, the drag effect of gas is overcome, so that particle sedimentation separation campaign in gas, reaches The purpose of dedusting.And the thermophoretic forces that this external force, which is exactly for we, to be generally noted above, although thermophoresis phenomenon is early in 18th century just by people Find, but until 18 century 70s end just more reasonably described by Max weell.The basic process of thermophoretic forces effect, after Expert, scholar, engineers and technicians through lot of domestic and foreign scientific and technological circle constantly explore, studied and gradual perfection thermophoretic forces principle. And propose a variety of thermophoretic forces.The mathematical modeling of thermophoresis speed.And every kind of mathematical modeling its application, by variety classes, no With the fluid and different physical properties of physical property, the limitation of the particle of shape and particle size.Thermophoretic forces more ripe at present It is respectively with the fast expression formula of thermophoresis：

In two formulas:

, thermophoretic forces, unit:

, thermophoresis speed, unit:

, particle radius, unit:

, aerodynamic force viscosity, unit：Or

, gas molecule mean free path, unit：

, the mean temperature of the neighbouring gas of particle, unit：

, the temperature Ti degree of gas, unit:

The thermal conductivity factor of particle, unit:

, the thermal conductivity factor of gas, unit

, gas motion viscosity, unit：

, SJ is that hot cold-smoothing the distance between is faced the wall and meditated,Unit:

SJ units

Jiao Change coefficients in Cm=1.146, slip boundary coefficient

Ct=2.20, hot slip coefficient

Proportionality coefficient in the Temperature jump boundary condition of Cs=1.147

2, gravitational settling：

Single spherical particle in static fluid, as shown in Figure 8, when settling under gravity, suffered power There is gravity, fluid resistanceAnd buoyancy。

（1）, the resistance coefficient of the fluid resistance in each region and the expression way of fluid resistance.

The division in its region is determined by following factors：

The species and physical property of fluid.

The physical property of the shape of particle, the size of particle diameter and particle.

（1-1）, Stokes region：

,。

, to spheric granules,.Then have：

, in formula：

Fluid resistance, unit：。

The resistance coefficient of fluid

Particle area, unit：。

The density of fluid, unit：。

The viscosity of fluid, unit：。

The Reynolds number of particle

Particle is to the relative velocity of fluid, unit：

（1-2）, intermediate region

（1-3）, newton region

（2）, gravity settling velocity

（2-1）, gravity settling velocity in continuous system

In stationary fluid single spherical particle under gravity, while by

To gravity FG, fluid resistance FD and buoyancy FB（Shown in Fig. 8）Three kinds work

Firmly, its three kinds of dynamic balance relations are：

, in formula：

For grain density, other physical quantitys have hereinbefore been described.

In its continuous system, each regions particulate gravity settling velocity is respectively：

Stokes region

Deriving other regions with same method is respectively：

Intermediate region：

Newton region

（2-2）, the excessive system of slip-stream

Wherein C is to agree Ning Han Xiu positive coefficients, from relevant handbook can Check to.

（2-3）Free molecular flow systems

（2-4）Aspherical particle

For aspherical particle by relevant formula obtain form factor and particle etc.

Imitate after particle diameter by the calculating of slip-stream transition system formula.

3, the two states of particle buoyancy sedimentation.

＞ 0

Now particle is in stationary fluid, under gravity, overcomes the resistance and buoyancy of fluid, does uniform settling campaign, And progressively got off with separating deposition in air-flow, and sinking speed is consistent with gravity direction, VS take on the occasion of.

＜ 0

Now particle is in static fluid, the effect of its gravity, it is impossible to overcomes the effect of the resistance and buoyancy of fluid, is suspended in Among air-flow.（VS takes negative value）

The reason for producing both the above situation depends on the physical property of gas, the physical property of species and particle, shape, particle Size.And subparticle, because the gravity of the too small generation of particle diameter is minimum, sedimentation separation campaign can not be done at all, and it is suspended in gas Among stream.

Part IV：Technical scheme：This fine particle thermophoretic deposition dust removal method, it is characterised in that step is as follows：

（One）, analyze and understand dust-contained airflow chemical composition and important parameter：

A, the main chemical compositions analysis of dust-contained airflow and each percentage composition are calculated.

B, temperature, the measurement of relative humidity and pressure physical quantity.

C, the calculating of the important parameter of dust-contained airflow.

（1）The molecule mean free path of dust-contained airflow。

（2）The average viscosity of dust-contained airflow。

（3）The mean coefficient of heat conductivity of dust-contained airflow。

（4）The averag density of dust-contained airflow；

（Two）The physicochemical properties of dust are grasped in analysis:

A, the density of dust；

B, the specific surface area of dust；

C, the moisture content of dust；

D, the charge and electric conductivity of dust；

E, the angle of repose of dust；

F, the wettability of dust；

G, the explosibility of dust；

（Three）The calculating of the particle diameter distribution and average diameter of dust：

A, dust size distribution, and meso-position radiusAnd standard deviationCalculate；

B, according to meso-position radius and the average diameter of standard deviation calculation particle；

（Four）Determine particle size system and fluid flow region：

A, Knudsen number is calculated,

B, the Reynolds number of particle is calculated,

C, according toWithValue, which is tabled look-up, determines the size system of particle；

D, according to the resistance coefficient of fluidWithFunctional relation is determinedWith determination fluid flow region；

（Five）Specific design is with making：

A, according to thermophoresis principle, design corresponding ultra-fine grain deduster,

B, thermograde value established according to efficiency of dust collection and discharge standard,

C, coolant water temperature determined according to thermograde,

D, cold-zone planar wall core texture is determined according to thermophoresis requirement and efficiency of dust collection and discharge standard,

E, design electrical apparatus control system；

F, inputs various parameters, and set up thermophoretic deposition computing and Control System Software to industrial computer；

G, starts thermophoretic deposition dust pelletizing system, and the various arrange parameters of intense adjustment program reach most preferably until the various indexs of deduster Value；

H, adjusts various hardware devices until normal operation.

Part V：The micro- shape particulate matter thermophoretic deposition dust pelletizing system major advantage of the present invention

1, based on live actual tests, making to organically combine with reference to both with theoretical formula makes the control of its thermophoretic deposition system Quite surely closed with actual conditions.

2, due to being fully immersed in thermograde quite stable in cooling water on the outside of square planar cold wall pipe.

3, the square planar cooling tube four sides being immersed in cooling water is all that cold wall then makes deduster have very high thermophoresis to sink Product rate.

4, due to then energy-saving and environment-friendly using lithium bromide utilizing waste heat for refrigeration.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is gravity settling chamber schematic diagram.

In Fig. 1：1st, dust-contained airflow entrance, 2, expansion chamber 3, coarse grain dust funnel, 4, thin dirt dust funnel, 5, pneumostatic stream row Outlet.

Fig. 2 is inertial dust separator schematic diagram.

In Fig. 2：6th, clean gas flow evacuation port, 7, dust-contained airflow entrance, 8,9,10, baffle plate, 11, dust-exhausting port.

Fig. 3 is cyclone dust collectors schematic diagram.

In Fig. 3：12nd, clean gas flow, 13, blast pipe, 14, upper top cover, 15, dust-contained airflow and dust-contained airflow entrance, 16, on Be vortexed, 17, garden cylinder, 18, it is outer be vortexed, 19, inside vortex, 20, garden Cone cylinders, 21, mixed flow region, 22, dust mouth.

Fig. 4 is filtration dust catcher schematic diagram.

In Fig. 4：23rd, vibrator, 24, the main garden cylinder of deduster, 25, filter cloth bag, 26, air-purifying chamber, 27, air-flow emptying Mouthful, 28, ash-laden gas flow chamber, 29, air flow inlet, 30, dust garden cone bucket, 31, dust mouth.

Fig. 5 is electrostatic precipitator schematic diagram.

In Fig. 5：32nd, electric supply installation, 33, corona discharge electrode, 34, electronics, 35, corona zone, 36, ion, 37, grit, 38, dust Pole.

Fig. 6 is thermophoresis principle schematic.

In Fig. 6：39th, temperature Ti degree, 40, high-temperature region gas molecule, 41, low-temperature space gas molecule, 42, grit, 43, thermophoresis Speed.

Fig. 7 is kerosene lamp structural representation.

In Fig. 7：44th, dust deposition layer, 45, kerosene lamp lampshade, 46, draw oil lamp core, 47, oil return cover, 48, shade holder, 49, Wick adjuster, 50, adapter sleeve, 51, oil sump lid, 52, wick conduit, 53, oil sump, 54, lamp socket.

Fig. 8 is gravity settling force system schematic diagram.

In Fig. 8：42nd, grit（With the unified numbering of object or physical quantity）, 55, gravity settling velocity, 56, fluid is to dirt The resistance of grain sedimentation, 57, grit by buoyancy of the fluid to it, 58, the gravity of grit.

Fig. 9 is thermophoretic deposition power system schematic diagram.

In Fig. 9：39th, temperature Ti degree, 40, high-temperature region gas molecule, 41, low-temperature space gas molecule, 42, grit, 56, resistance Power, 57, buoyancy, 58, gravity, 43, thermophoresis speed, 55, gravity settling velocity, 59, thermophoretic forces.

Figure 10 is thermophoretic deposition deduster schematic diagram.

In Figure 10：60th, dust-contained airflow entrance, 61, heat-insulation layer, 62, gas heat insulating room, 63, coolant outlet, 64, cooling Pond top plate, 65, square planar cold wall pipe, 66, square cooling pond cylinder, 67, cooling water inlet, 68, cooling pond bottom plate, 69th, dedusting air stream outlet, 70, negative pressure chamber, 71, lower cone, 72, supporting leg, 73, ash hole.

Figure 11 is lithium bromide utilizing waste heat for refrigeration systematic schematic diagram.

In Figure 11：74th, cooling tower, 75, cooling tower circulating cooling water inlet, 76, cooling tower circulating cooling water out, 77, Water circulating pump, 78, refrigeration system cooling water inlet, 79, cold doubtful device, 80, absorber, 81, generator, 82, evaporator, 83, remaining Hot gas flow export, 84, lithium bromide utilizing waste heat for refrigeration system, 85, cooling water outlet, 86, circulating chilled water water pump.

Figure 12 is industrial computer control principle drawing.

In Figure 12：87th, 88, power interface；89th, PM2.5 sensors, 90, PM2.5Zhuan Change devices, 91, industrial computer, 92nd, gas flow sensor, 93, gas flowZhuan Change devices, 94, cold water cooling-water temperature sensor, 95, cold water water temperatureZhuan Change Device, 96, frequency converter frequency control interface, 97, frequency converter frequency controlZhuan Change devices, 98, Switching Power Supply (DC, 24V), 99, 100, frequency converter start-up and shut-down control button；101、102；Refrigeration system start-up and shut-down control button, 103,104, circulating chilled water water pump start and stop Control An Button；105th, 106, gas heating device start-up and shut-down control button；107th, Frequency Converter Control relay, 108, refrigeration system control Relay processed, 109, circulating chilled water control relay, 110, gas computer heating control relay.

Figure 13 is Strong electric control schematic diagrams

Figure 13-1 frequency converter principle diagram of electric control.

In Figure 13-1：96th, frequency converter frequency control interface, 111, three pole power supply Automatic Protection Switchings, 112, frequency control Device, 113, air inducing electric motor.

Figure 13-2 is gas heater principle diagram of electric control.

In Figure 13-2 in figure：114th, two pole power supply Automatic Protection Switching, 115, solid-state relay, 116, gas heating heating Element, 117,118, gas-heating apparatus temperature controller.

Figure 13-3 industrial computer power supplys.

In Figure 13-3 figures：119th, Liang Xi power supplys Automatic Protection Switching, 120, control transformer（）, 87,88, Industrial computer power interface.

Embodiment

Some specific operating methods are described in detail below as follows：

（1）, thermophoretic deposition qualitative analysis：

Thermophoresis refers to subparticle when being suspended in thermograde fluid, because hot-zone molecule and cold-zone molecule are touched with particle The momentum that is transmitted when hitting is different, and aggregate performance in by with thermograde opposite effect power, subparticle is produced and temperature Spend the opposite movement velocity of gradient.So as to produce motion and separate.Make full use of thermophoresis to make the particle in fluid produce one to determine To speed.And it is deposited and collects, is the developing direction of subparticle dedusting.

Although the physical change process of thermophoresis is not fully realized also by people.Set up various physical models, propose it is each Class thermophoretic forces and thermophoresis speed formula, in different physical properties, the gas of species and different physical properties, shape and particle size Particle various occasions in, application also has limitation.Thermophoretic forces and thermophoresis rate theory Meter calculations value and experimental data have A certain distance, but from different occasions by many frequency high precision processs of the test, and obtained data are to be set according to according to Xiu positive errors Meter is feasible with manufacture subparticle thermophoretic deposition deduster.

（2）, thermophoretic deposition mathematic(al) representation：

（2-1）, the subparticle that is suspended in the gas with thermograde, power

It is expression formula:

（2-2）, velocity expression

In two formulas：

：Thermophoretic deposition unit of force：

：Thermophoresis unit of force：

：Gravitational unit：

：Fluid buoyancy unit：

：Fluid resistance（Drag）Unit：

：Thermophoretic deposition speed unit：

：Thermophoresis speed unit：

：Gravity settling velocity unit：

In both the above mathematic(al) representationWithBecause the physical properties of various gases, species are different, particle it is physical Matter, shape, particle size are different, then corresponding according to different systems and regional choiceExpression formula andExpression formula.

(3) composition of thermophoretic deposition system

Thermophoretic deposition dust pelletizing system is main by thermophoretic deposition deduster（Figure 10）, waste heat lithium bromide absorption chiller system（Figure 11）, gas Heater（Without figure explanation, therefore there are various matured products in kind equipment market）, and electrical apparatus control system（Figure 12 and Figure 13）Structure Into.

In Fig. 10, thermophoretic deposition deduster, it is characterised in that including housing, housing upper has dust-contained airflow entrance 61, It is from top to bottom gas heat insulating room 62, square cooling pond cylinder 66, negative pressure that housing appearance top, which is surrounded by heat-insulation layer 61, housing, Cooling pond top plate 64 is arranged at room 70, lower cone 71 and ash hole 73, the square top of cooling pond cylinder 66, and cooling pond is arranged at bottom Many square planar cold wall pipes 65 are uniformly installed, dust-contained airflow is put down from square in bottom plate 68, square cooling pond cylinder 66 Pass through, discharged from dedusting air stream outlet 69 in face cold wall pipe 65, housing upper is provided with coolant outlet 63, lower housing portion is installed There is cooling water inlet 67, lower housing portion is provided with supporting leg 72, and cooling water inlet 67 is connected with lithium bromide utilizing waste heat for refrigeration system.

The frequency converter of air-introduced machine and control air-introduced machine is installed on the pipeline of dedusting air stream outlet 69.

Gas heater is installed on the pipeline of dust-contained airflow entrance 61.

PM2.5 sensors 89, gas flow sensor 92 are installed in dust-contained airflow entrance 61 and dedusting air stream outlet 69, Cold water cooling-water temperature sensor 94 is installed in cooling water inlet 67 and coolant outlet 63.

In fig. 11, lithium bromide utilizing waste heat for refrigeration system 84 includes cooling tower 74, and the bottom of cooling tower 74 has cooling tower circulation cold But water out 76, circulating cooling water out 76 by pipeline successively with water circulating pump 77, refrigeration system cooling water inlet 78, absorb Device 80, condenser 79, cooling tower circulating cooling water inlet 75 and the top of cooling tower 74 are communicated, and the side of condenser 79 is provided with generation Device 81, the two ends of generator 81 are connected to dedusting air stream outlet 69 and residual heat air current outlet 83, and the side of absorber 80 is provided with Evaporator 82, the two ends of evaporator 82 are connected to deduster coolant outlet 63 and coolant outlet 85, coolant outlet 85 It is connected with circulating chilled water water pump 86, deduster cooling water inlet 67.

In fig. 12, power interface 87 and 88, PM2.5 sensor 89 and PM2.5 are installed on industrial computer 91Zhuan Change Device 90, gas flow sensor 92 and gas flowZhuan Change devices 93, cold water cooling-water temperature sensor 94 and cold water water temperatureZhuan Change Device 95, controls frequency converter frequency control interface 96 and the frequency converter frequency control of air-introduced machineZhuan Change devices 97, Switching Power Supply (DC, 24V) 98, frequency converter start-up and shut-down control button 99,100；Refrigeration system start-up and shut-down control button 101,102；Cold circulating water Pump start-up and shut-down control An Button 103,104；Gas heating device start-up and shut-down control button 105,106；Frequency Converter Control relay 107, system Cooling system control relay 108, circulating chilled water control relay 109, gas computer heating control relay 110.

Figure 13-1 is frequency converter principle diagram of electric control.

In Figure 13-1：Three pole power supply Automatic Protection Switchings 111 pass through variable-frequency governor 112 and the phase of air inducing electric motor 113 Even, it there also is provided frequency converter frequency control interface 96 on variable-frequency governor 112.

Figure 13-2 is gas heater principle diagram of electric control.

In Figure 13-2 in figure：Two pole power supply Automatic Protection Switchings 114 and solid-state relay 115, gas heating heater element 116 are linked to be a loop, and solid-state relay 115 is connected with gas-heating apparatus temperature controller 117,118.

Figure 13-3 industrial computer power supplys.

In Figure 13-3 figures：Liang Xi power supplys Automatic Protection Switching 119 is by controlling transformer 120（）And industry Computer power interface 87,88 is connected.

Main points in a kind of described thermophoretic deposition dust pelletizing system, its application method are：

（1）Thermophoretic deposition dust pelletizing system major control index is PM2.5 discharge standards and thermophoretic deposition efficiency；

（2）The random regulation of thermophoretic deposition dust pelletizing system major parameter is temperature Ti degree and gas flow；

（3）Temperature control mode is determined, lithium bromide utilizing waste heat for refrigeration is started for the high-temperature gas of the generations such as fossil fuel and plant straw System, gas-heating apparatus is then started for the low temperature such as industrial products processing or gas at normal temperature；

（4）Start each cooling water circulation water pump first and open related valve, then start air-introduced machine and open control air valve；

（5）Whether up to standard observe PM2.5 discharge capacitys, as exceeded, to adjust temperature Ti degree and gas flow setting value until Untill PM2.5 discharge capacitys are up to standard, as adjustment temperature Ti degree and gas flow are still difficult to up to standard repeatedly, other bases are adjusted Parameter is until up to standard.

A kind of described thermophoretic deposition dust pelletizing system, its course of work is：Square planar cold wall pipe outer wall is fully immersed in In cooling water, in addition using induced draft blower withdraws air-flow, form negative pressuren zone in thermophoretic deposition Chu Chen Qi Cone bodies bottom and be conducive to gas dirt Separation；Dust-contained airflow enters square planar cold from the inflow gas moist closet 62 of dust-contained airflow entrance 60 in the presence of air-introduced machine Make thermophoresis product motion in wall pipe 65 from top to bottom, because inertia and suction function make when air-flow flows out from square planar cold wall pipe Air-flow continues downward, and air-introduced machine is escaped and enter from negative pressure chamber 70 through air stream outlet 69 until the bottom airflow of cone cylinder 71 slowly rises Entrance, so as to realize the purpose of gas dirt separation.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of fine particle thermophoretic deposition dust removal method, it is characterised in that step is as follows：

（One）, analyze and understand dust-contained airflow chemical composition and important parameter：

A, the main chemical compositions analysis of dust-contained airflow and each percentage composition are calculated；

B, temperature, the measurement of relative humidity and pressure physical quantity；

C, the calculating of the important parameter of dust-contained airflow；

（1）The molecule mean free path of dust-contained airflow；

（2）The average viscosity of dust-contained airflow；

（3）The mean coefficient of heat conductivity of dust-contained airflow；

（4）The averag density of dust-contained airflow；

（Two）The physicochemical properties of dust are grasped in analysis:

A, the density of dust；

B, the specific surface area of dust；

C, the moisture content of dust；

D, the charge and electric conductivity of dust；

E, the angle of repose of dust；

F, the wettability of dust；

G, the explosibility of dust；

（Three）The calculating of the particle diameter distribution and average diameter of dust：

A, dust size distribution, and meso-position radiusAnd standard deviationCalculate；

B, according to meso-position radius and the average diameter of standard deviation calculation particle；

（Four）Determine particle size system and fluid flow region：

A, Knudsen number is calculated,

B, the Reynolds number of particle is calculated,

C, according toWithValue, which is tabled look-up, determines the size system of particle；

D, according to the resistance coefficient of fluidWithFunctional relation is determinedWith determination fluid flow region；

（Five）Specific design is with making：

A, according to thermophoresis principle, design corresponding ultra-fine grain deduster,

B, thermograde value established according to efficiency of dust collection and discharge standard,

C, coolant water temperature determined according to thermograde,

D, cold-zone planar wall core texture is determined according to thermophoresis requirement and efficiency of dust collection and discharge standard,

E, design electrical apparatus control system；

F, inputs various parameters, and set up thermophoretic deposition computing and Control System Software to industrial computer；

G, starts thermophoretic deposition dust pelletizing system, and the various arrange parameters of intense adjustment program reach most preferably until the various indexs of deduster Value；

H, adjusts various hardware devices until normal operation.

2. a kind of thermophoretic deposition dust pelletizing system, is mainly filled by thermophoretic deposition deduster, waste heat lithium bromide absorption chiller system, gas heating Put and constituted with electrical apparatus control system, it is characterised in that thermophoretic deposition deduster, including housing, housing upper have ash-laden gas inflow Mouthful（61）, housing appearance top is surrounded by heat-insulation layer（61）, it is from top to bottom gas heat insulating room (62), square cooling pond in housing Cylinder (66), negative pressure chamber（70）, lower cone（71）And ash hole（73）, square cooling pond cylinder（66）Cooling pond is arranged at top Top plate（64）, cooling pond bottom plate is arranged at bottom（68）, square cooling pond cylinder（66）In be uniformly provided with it is many square flat Face cold wall pipe（65）, dust-contained airflow is from square planar cold wall pipe（65）In pass through, from dedusting air stream outlet（69）On discharge, housing Portion is provided with coolant outlet（63）, lower housing portion is provided with cooling water inlet（67）, lower housing portion is provided with supporting leg（72）, it is cold But water inlet（67）It is connected with lithium bromide utilizing waste heat for refrigeration system.

3. a kind of thermophoretic deposition dust pelletizing system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in dust-contained airflow entrance (61) Gas heater is installed on pipeline.

4. a kind of thermophoretic deposition dust pelletizing system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in dedusting air stream outlet (69) The frequency converter of air-introduced machine and control air-introduced machine is installed on pipeline.

5. a kind of thermophoretic deposition dust pelletizing system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in dust-contained airflow entrance (61) and Dedusting air stream outlet (69) is provided with PM2.5 sensors (89), gas flow sensor (92), cooling water inlet (67) and cold But water out (63) is provided with cold water cooling-water temperature sensor (94).

6. a kind of thermophoretic deposition dust pelletizing system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that lithium bromide utilizing waste heat for refrigeration system （84）Including cooling tower（74）, cooling tower（74）Cooling tower circulating cooling water out is arranged at bottom（76）, circulating cooling water out （76）By pipeline successively and water circulating pump（77）, refrigeration system cooling water inlet (78), absorber（80）, condenser (79), Cooling tower circulating cooling water inlet (75) and cooling tower (74) top are communicated, and generator (81) is provided with beside condenser (79), Generator (81) two ends are connected to beside dedusting air stream outlet (69) and residual heat air current outlet (83), absorber (80) and installed There is evaporator (82), evaporator (82) two ends are connected to deduster coolant outlet (63) and coolant outlet (85), cold But water out (85) is connected with circulating chilled water water pump (86), deduster cooling water inlet (67).

7. a kind of thermophoretic deposition dust pelletizing system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that industrial computer is provided with (91) Power interface (87) and (88), PM2.5 sensors (89) and PM2.5Zhuan Change devices (90), gas flow sensor (92) and Gas flowZhuan Change devices (93), cold water cooling-water temperature sensor (94) and cold water water temperatureZhuan Change devices (95), control air-introduced machine Frequency converter frequency control interface (96) and frequency converter frequency controlZhuan Change devices (97), Switching Power Supply (DC, 24V) (98), Frequency converter start-up and shut-down control button (99), (100)；Refrigeration system start-up and shut-down control button (101), (102)；Circulating chilled water water pump start and stop Control An Button (103), (104)；Gas heating device start-up and shut-down control button (105), (106)；Frequency Converter Control relay (107), refrigeration system control relay（108）, circulating chilled water control relay（109）, gas computer heating control relay （110）.

8. a kind of thermophoretic deposition dust pelletizing system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that frequency converter electrical equipment control principle is such as Under：Three pole power supply Automatic Protection Switchings（111）Pass through variable-frequency governor（112）With air inducing electric motor（113）It is connected, becomes frequency modulation Fast device（112）On there also is provided frequency converter frequency control interface（96）；

Gas heater electrical equipment control principle is as follows：Two pole power supply Automatic Protection Switchings（114）And solid-state relay（115）, gas Body heating heater element (116) is linked to be a loop, solid-state relay (115) and gas-heating apparatus temperature controller (117), (118) it is connected;

Industrial computer power supply principle is as follows：Liang Xi power supplys Automatic Protection Switchings (119) are by controlling transformer（120）（）With industrial computer power interface（87）、（88）It is connected.

9. a kind of thermophoretic deposition dust pelletizing system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the main points in its application method It is：

（1）Thermophoretic deposition dust pelletizing system major control index is PM2.5 discharge standards and thermophoretic deposition efficiency；

（2）The random regulation of thermophoretic deposition dust pelletizing system major parameter is temperature Ti degree and gas flow；

（3）Temperature control mode is determined, lithium bromide utilizing waste heat for refrigeration is started for the high-temperature gas of the generations such as fossil fuel and plant straw System, gas-heating apparatus is then started for the low temperature such as industrial products processing or gas at normal temperature；

（4）Start each cooling water circulation water pump first and open related valve, then start air-introduced machine and open control air valve；

（5）Whether up to standard observe PM2.5 discharge capacitys, as exceeded, to adjust temperature Ti degree and gas flow setting value until Untill PM2.5 discharge capacitys are up to standard, as adjustment temperature Ti degree and gas flow are still difficult to up to standard repeatedly, other bases are adjusted Parameter is until up to standard.

10. a kind of thermophoretic deposition dust pelletizing system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that its course of work is：It is square flat Face cold wall pipe outer wall is fully immersed in cooling water, in addition using induced draft blower withdraws air-flow, and dirt device Cone bodies bottom is removed in thermophoretic deposition Portion forms negative pressuren zone and is conducive to gas dirt to separate；Dust-contained airflow is from dust-contained airflow entrance（60）Inflow gas moist closet (62), is drawing Enter in the presence of blower fan and make thermophoresis product motion in square planar cold wall pipe (65) from top to bottom, air-flow is from square planar cold wall pipe Because inertia and suction function make air-flow continue downwards during middle outflow, until cone cylinder (71) bottom airflow slowly rises from negative pressure chamber (70) air-introduced machine entrance is escaped and enter through air stream outlet (69), so as to realize the purpose of gas dirt separation.