CN107258356A - Alleviate Leaf lettuce Cd stress growth inhibition and the method for reducing cadmium content using IAA - Google Patents
Alleviate Leaf lettuce Cd stress growth inhibition and the method for reducing cadmium content using IAA Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
Alleviate Leaf lettuce Cd stress growth inhibition and the method for reducing cadmium content the invention provides a kind of utilization IAA, it comprises the following steps：After Leaf lettuce seedling is ripe, foliage-spray is carried out for 1~20 μm of ol/L IAA aqueous solution with concentration, the amount of spraying is dripped for degree with blade face, sprayed 1 time, spray altogether 3 times every 2 days.The present invention alleviates suppression of the Cd stress to Growth of Lettuce；Improve the lower romaine lettuce chlorophyll content of Cd stress and photosynthetic rate；Romaine lettuce SOD, POD activity and MDA contents are reduced, destructions of the Cd to romaine lettuce cell membrane is alleviated, suppresses Electrolyte Leakage；Reduce romaine lettuce overground part Cd contents and transhipment coefficient.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to growing vegetables technical field, and in particular to one kind alleviates the growth of Leaf lettuce Cd stress using IAA
The method for suppressing and reducing cadmium content.
Background technology
According to the issue of geologic survey office of China《Chinese arable land GEOCHEMICAL SURVEY reports (2015)》It has been shown that, China has 232
Ten thousand hm2Serious pollution or exceeded arable land, account for 16.1% always ploughed in heavy metal.On April 17th, 2014 Environmental Protection Department and state
Soil resource portion, which combines, discloses national Investigation of Soil Pollution publication, it is indicated that China's soil environment situation makes people worried, the huge sum of money such as Cd
Belong to pollution problem relatively to protrude, in terms of pollution distribution situation, soils in south china heavy contamination, soils of north China pollutes relatively
Gently, southwest, variable charge soil heavy metals exceeding standard scope are larger.
Cd content distributions show the situation gradually risen from northeast to southwest, from northwest to southeastern direction, and Cd points position is super
Mark rate is 7.0%, and accounting is maximum in contaminated soil, wherein, light contamination, slight pollution, intermediate pollution, the ratio of serious pollution
Example is respectively 5.2%, 0.8%, 0.5%, 0.5%.The Cd contents of contaminated soil are 2.5~23.0mg/kg, seriously polluted area top layer
The Cd contents of soil are higher by tens times of even more highs of subsoil.
According to Ministry of Agriculture's environmental monitoring system detection data display, compared with national standard, Cd content overproofs rate in vegetables
Up to 23.5%.Analyzed by heavy metal element in the edible part of 9 kinds of vegetables, 152 samples to In Chengdu, find Cd
It is one of main pollution-producing in Vegetables from Chengdu, in detection sample, Cd exceeding standard rate is 29.4%, and highest is exceeded
5.6 again.
As can be seen here, current China Cd pollution situations allow of no optimist, and oneself threatens food security and health, must cause
Pay much attention to.
Absorption of the different plants to different heavy metals has certain rule, it is however generally that, vegetables edible part absorbs heavy metal
Ratio be more than cereal crops, vegetables heavy metal Cd of the same race enrichment is more than other heavy metal elements.But suction of the vegetables to Cd
Receive different because of vegetable species, kind and organ difference.
Absorption of the plant to mineral nutrition has genotypic difference, and absorption, accumulation of the same vegetables to Cd also have gene
Type difference, this species diversity is to cause one of major reason of different vegetable Cd content differences.
The research such as Li Bowen is found：Eggplant, sponge gourd, tomato, capsicum etc. are the low accumulation type vegetables of Cd；Ternip, cauliflower, lettuce
Lettuce, shallot etc. are moderate accumulation type；Celery, fennel, caraway, crowndaisy chrysanthemum are severe accumulation type；Chinese cabbage, rape belong to pole severe accumulation
Type.Horse studies the pollution situation of Cd in several vegetables toward school etc., as a result shows, Cd accumulation law is celery in different vegetables
＞ leek ＞ asparagus lettuce ＞ pakchoi ＞ cauliflower ＞ cucurbita pepos, cucumber, green pepper, celery and asparagus lettuce have stronger absorption energy to Cd
Power, exceeded most serious.
There is also larger difference for the absorption of the different cultivars heavy metal of vegetables of the same race.By taking carrot as an example, Nairobi pairs
Cd uptake is 1.215mg/kg, and Amsterdam uptake is then 2.521mg/kg, the different product of other 5 kinds of vegetables
There is also otherness absorption to cadmium ion for kind.Cd contents in the pakchoi cauline leaf of research 13 kinds of different genotypes of discovery such as Wang Songliang
Difference is very big.Under identical Cd concentration, up to 4.3 times of Cd contents difference between different varieties of Brassica campestris, and external world's Cd concentration is higher,
Differences are bigger.
At present, for the research of the plant growth under heavy metal stress, its growth is mainly adjusted in plant by studying
Material carry out.The plant growth regulator being currently known is people consider when improving stress resistance of plant it is main because
Element.But, existing known plants growth regulator is when adjusting stress resistance of plant, and selectivity is poor, it is difficult to formed for many
The unified treating method of stress situation is planted, or even the treating method of Different stress situation can also be far from each other.For the heavy metal side of body
For compeling, because the stress is different from the typically stress such as high temperature, high salt, when handling heavy metal stress, vegetables are not only improved
Antioxidation activity and plant growth performance, what is more important needs to reduce accumulation of the heavy metal in vegetables, can be only achieved
The purpose of vegetable cultivation.
At present, the research of the heavy metal stress (particularly Cd stress) for solving romaine lettuce is also relatively fewer, and reason is
At present for mechanism not yet thoroughly research of the heavy metal for the influence of romaine lettuce, corresponding treating method is still among groping.
《Exogenous Nitric Oxide is to peanut under Cd stress and the relieving effect and its study mechanism of Growth of Lettuce》By to life
Dish applies exogenous carbon monoxide and significantly reduces cadmium content of the production under Cd stress.
《Relieving effect of the salicylic acid to lettuce growth of seedling and oxidative stress under Cd stress》It has studied for lettuce sativa
Using relieving effect of the salicylic acid for Cd stress.But this report mentions salicylic acid in for probing into terms of Cd accumulation
There is facilitation from root system to the transport on top for Cd.On its Research foundation, it is possible to using exogenous salicylic acid to drop
Low cadmium content is unhelpful.
Therefore, the cadmium content in romaine lettuce under Cd stress how is reduced, is urgently for romaine lettuce planting technology field
The technical problem of research.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one kind using IAA alleviation Leaf lettuce cadmiums for technical barrier of the prior art
Stress growth inhibition and the method for reducing cadmium content, it comprises the following steps：It is 25 with concentration after Leaf lettuce seedling is ripe
~200 μm of ol/L IAA aqueous solution carries out foliage-spray, and the amount of spraying is dripped for degree with blade face, sprayed 1 time, spray altogether every 2 days
3 times.
It is preferred that, the concentration of the IAA aqueous solution is 50~100 μm of ol/L.
It is furthermore preferred that the concentration of the IAA aqueous solution is 50 μm of ol/L.
It is preferred that, when carrying out foliage-spray using the IAA aqueous solution, spraying time is early morning.
It is preferred that, spray the 3rd day of the time of the IAA aqueous solution for Leaf lettuce seedling after ripe for the 1st time.
Leaf lettuce used is glass romaine lettuce.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1st, the present invention alleviates suppression of the Cd stress to Growth of Lettuce；
2nd, the present invention improves the lower romaine lettuce chlorophyll content of Cd stress and photosynthetic rate；Reduce romaine lettuce SOD, POD activity
With MDA contents, destructions of the Cd to romaine lettuce cell membrane is alleviated, suppresses Electrolyte Leakage；
3rd, present invention reduces romaine lettuce overground part Cd contents and transhipment coefficient.
Embodiment
The present invention is specifically described below by embodiment, it is necessary to it is pointed out here that be following examples be use
It is further detailed in the present invention, it is impossible to be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, the field is skilled in technique
Some nonessential modifications and adaptations that personnel are made according to foregoing invention content, still fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Selection is in the same size, and (from Guangdong Kenong Vegetables Seed Industry Co., Ltd., kind is the romaine lettuce seed of full seed for purchase
The common glass romaine lettuce in Sichuan province), 10min is sterilized in 10% (m/m) hydrogenperoxide steam generator, is then cleaned with ultra-pure water,
Uniformly it is positioned in the culture dish for being lined with filter paper, keeps adequate water, vernalization is carried out in 20 DEG C of artificial incubators.Seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally
After 0.5cm, it is sowed in the enamel pallet equipped with clean river sand and carries out sand culture.According to upgrowth situation, daily timely and appropriate discovery to
Sha Jizhong sprays 1/2Hoagland nutrient solutions, and incubator is set to 23 DEG C/18 DEG C (day night), illumination 14h.Treat that seedling 4 is true
When leaf is fully deployed, the consistent strong sprout of selection growing way is transplanted to 10cm × 10cm (bottoms equipped with clean river sand (playing fixation)
× high) in plastic flowerpot (flowerpot bottom is lined with gauze, prevents river sand from spilling), per 2 plants of basin, and flowerpot is placed in high 8cm modeling
The Hoagland pancebrins containing Cd are filled in charging tray, in disk, Cd concentration is 10mg/L (with CdCl2·2.5H2O2Add),
One time of nutrition liquid is changed per 2d.After the romaine lettuce seedling transplanted survives (2d) completely, with the ABA of various concentrations (abscisic acid, under
Solution is in 9 together):00 spraying romaine lettuce blade, is dripped for degree with blade, sprayed 3 times altogether every 2d once.With without the full nutrition of Cd
Liquid is cultivated, and the romaine lettuce of spray clear water is control (CK), and the pancebrins of Cd containing 10mg/L are cultivated, and the romaine lettuce of spray clear water is control 1
(CK1).4 concentration gradients (1 μm of ol/L, 5 μm of ol/L, 10 μm of ol/L, 20 μm of ol/L) are set, and each processing is repeated 3 times.
After ABA 30d are sprayed, the sampling of romaine lettuce maturity period.Whole strain is determined after growth and morphological index, (edible by overground part
Portion), root preserve fresh sample and dry sample respectively.After fresh sample is sampled with liquid nitrogen, -80 DEG C preserve in case physiology refers in ultra low temperature freezer
The measure of mark and the index of quality；Dry sample is contained with being dried after 105 DEG C of fixing 15min of baking oven with 75 DEG C to constant weight after crushing for Cd
The measure of amount.
Growth indexes and biomass：
Plant height, root length are measured using millimeter graduated scale, and stem slightly uses vernier caliper measurement.
Biomass：After the whole strain of plant sample is cleaned with running water, then rinsed repeatedly with deionized water, wipe dry.By romaine lettuce
It is divided into overground part and root, fresh weight is weighed with electronic balance.Then overground part and root system are dispensed, with 105 DEG C of fixings of baking oven
15min, 75 DEG C of drying weigh dry weight to constant weight.
Photosynthetic pigments and photosynthetic parameters：
Contents of Photosynthetic Pigments uses acetone ethanol mixed liquor extraction[84]Determine.
Choose the 2-3 piece functional leafs of romaine lettuce, with the portable photosynthetic instrument of LI-6400XT (LI-COR, the U.S.) determine Pn,
Gs, Tr, Ci and Ls, it is 1000 μm of olm to survey the endogenous light intensity of timing setting-2·s-1, CO2Concentration is 400 μ lL-1, temperature is
25℃。
Cell leakage, osmotic adjustment and root activity：
MDA contents are determined using thiobarbituricacidα- method；Proline content uses sulfosalicylic acid method；Root activity is used
Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) method is determined.
Cell leakage uses Means of Electrical Conductivity：Weigh 0.2g romaine lettuce samples to be put into 20mL deionized waters, normal temperature vibration
30min, determines electrical conductivity of solution (A)；Then romaine lettuce sample and deionized water one are arised from and boils 20min at 100 DEG C, using going
Ionized water is adjusted to heating precursors product, determines electrical conductivity of solution (B).Cell leakage (%)=electrical conductivity (A)/electrical conductivity (B)
× 100%
Activities of antioxidant enzymes：
SOD activity uses nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) method；POD activity uses guaiacol method；CAT activity uses UV absorption
Method.
The index of quality：
Soluble protein content uses Coomassie brilliant G-250 decoration method；Soluble sugar content uses anthrone colorimetry；
Nitrate nitrogen content uses salicylic acid colorimetry.
Cd contents：
By romaine lettuce dry sample HNO3-HClO4Digestion, uses ICP-8000 inductive coupling plasma emission spectrographs
(PerkinElmer, the U.S.) is determined.
Data processing：
All data are arranged using the softwares of Excel 2010；SPSS 20.0 carries out variance analysis and correlation analysis,
Duncan duncan's new multiple range methods carry out Multiple range test.Root/shoot ratio=weight of root system/overground part dry weight, Ls=1-Ci/Ca, transhipment system
Number=overground part Cd contents/root system Cd contents.
External source IAA coerces Cd the influence of lower Growth of Lettuce
As it can be seen from table 1 Cd stress significantly suppress the growth of romaine lettuce, CK1 compared with CK, romaine lettuce plant height, stem it is thick and
Root length reduces 6.88%, 28.93% and 28.88% respectively.Under Cd stress, spray after 25~100 μm of ol/L IAA, alleviate
Suppression of the Cd to Growth of Lettuce, compared to CK1, plant height and stem slightly increased.Under Cd stress, when IAA concentration is 100 μm of ol/L
When, romaine lettuce plant height and the thick value of stem are maximum, add 9.95% (P ＜ 0.05) and 22.10% (P ＜ 0.05) than CK1 respectively.And
The lower romaine lettuce root length of Cd stress is most long to be appeared in when spraying IAA concentration for 50 μm of ol/L, and 4.38% (P ＞ 0.05) is increased than CK1, but
Substantially less than CK.When spraying IAA concentration for 25 μm of ol/L, romaine lettuce plant height, stem is thick and root length compared with CK1 without significant difference.When
When IAA concentration is 200 μm of ol/L, romaine lettuce plant height and root length (P ＞ 0.05) and 3.13% (P ＞ lower than CK1 by 0.92% respectively
0.05), stem is slightly bigger than CK1 by 9.91% (P ＜ 0.05).
Table 1IAA coerces Cd the influence of lower Growth of Lettuce
Note：Data are the mean+SD of analysis result, same column difference lowercase letter significant difference (P in table<
0.05), similarly hereinafter.
External source IAA coerces Cd the influence of lower romaine lettuce biomass
Under Cd stress, with the rise for spraying IAA concentration, first raise reduces romaine lettuce overground part fresh weight afterwards, is in IAA concentration
50 μm of ol/L reach maximum, than compareing high by 17.42% (P ＜ 0.05).It is raw when IAA concentration is 25 μm of ol/L and 200 μm of ol/L
Though vegetable plot top fresh weight is bigger than CK1, not notable with CK1 differences.It is raw when spraying IAA concentration for 100 μm of ol/L under Cd stress
Dry weight reaches maximum on vegetable plot, (P ＜ 0.05) higher than CK1 by 12.72%.Spray 25 μm of ol/L, 50 μm of ol/L, 100 μm of ol/L
After 200 μm of ol/L IAA, difference is not notable between romaine lettuce weight of root system.For root/shoot ratio, romaine lettuce root/shoot ratio is dense with IAA
Degree raises and first reduces and slightly have rise afterwards, minimum when IAA concentration is 100 μm of ol/L, is 0.215, lower than CK1 by 11.89%.
Table 2IAA coerces Cd the influence of lower romaine lettuce biomass
External source IAA coerces Cd the influence of lower romaine lettuce Contents of Photosynthetic Pigments
Cd stress significantly reduces chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content.Spray IAA and improve the lower life of Cd stress
Dish chlorophyll a and content of chlorophyll b, and it is in a slight decrease after first being raised with the rise of IAA concentration.IAA concentration is sprayed for 50 μ
When mol/L, 100 μm of ol/L and 200 μm of ol/L, romaine lettuce blade Chlorophyll-a Content respectively (P ＜ 0.05) higher than CK1 by 11.79%,
15.31% (P ＜ 0.05) and 12.71% (P ＜ 0.05) be not notable with CK differences.IAA is sprayed to romaine lettuce blade chlorophyll b
Influence it is similar to the influence to chlorophyll a, the romaine lettuce content of chlorophyll b for spraying 25 μm of ol/L IAA is more slightly higher than CK1, but difference
It is not notable.Under Cd stress, when spraying IAA concentration more than 50 μm of ol/L, without significance difference between romaine lettuce blade content of chlorophyll b and CK
It is different, it is all remarkably higher than CK1.Under Cd stress, when spraying IAA concentration for 100 μm of ol/L, romaine lettuce leaf chlorophyll total amount highest, than
CK1 high by 16.15% (P ＜ 0.05), difference is not notable compared with CK.Between each processing lettuce class carotene carotene content for spraying IAA
Without significant difference.
Table 3IAA coerces Cd the influence of lower romaine lettuce Contents of Photosynthetic Pigments
External source IAA coerces Cd the lower photosynthetic influence of romaine lettuce
As shown in Table 4, compared with CK, Cd stress causes romaine lettuce Pn and Ls reduction, and CK1 reduces 25.72% (P ＜ respectively
0.05) and 52.15% (P ＜ 0.05), in contrast, CK1 Gs, Ci and Tr are significantly raised, increase 21.41% respectively,
13.98% and 30.46%.Spray after IAA, the romaine lettuce Pn under Cd stress is significantly higher than CK1, when IAA concentration is 25 μm of ol/L
Highest, (P ＜ 0.05) higher than CK1 by 17.40%.Spray 25 μm of ol/L, 50 μm of ol/L, 100 μm of ol/L and 200 μm of ol/L IAA
Afterwards, Pn differences are not notable between each processing.Under Cd stress, romaine lettuce Gs is first reduced and raised afterwards with the rise of IAA concentration, dense in IAA
It is minimum when spending for 25 μm of ol/L, reduce 12.50% (P ＜ 0.05) than CK1.When IAA concentration is 200 μm of ol/L, romaine lettuce Gs
Highest, compared with CK and CK1, increases 32.25% (P ＜ 0.05) and 8.93% (P ＜ 0.05) respectively.Under Cd stress, spray
Ci is all remarkably higher than CK without significant difference between IAA each processing.When IAA concentration is 50 μm of ol/L, romaine lettuce Ci rises compared with CK
High 6.51% (P ＜ 0.05).Under Cd stress, romaine lettuce Tr is first reduced and raised afterwards with the rise of IAA concentration, is 50 in IAA concentration
It is minimum during μm ol/L but not notable with spraying the processing difference that IAA concentration is 100 μm of ol/L.For Ls, IAA concentration is sprayed
During for 25 μm of ol/L, 100 μm of ol/L and 200 μm of ol/L, without significant difference between each processing, it is respectively increased compared with CK1
33.00% (P ＜ 0.05), 32.00% (P ＜ 0.05) and 28.00% (P ＜ 0.05).Spray after IAA, romaine lettuce Ls maximums go out
When present IAA concentration is 50 μm of ol/L, but compared with CK, still reduce 23.92% (P ＜ 0.05).
Table 4IAA coerces Cd the lower photosynthetic influence of romaine lettuce
External source IAA coerces Cd the influence of lower romaine lettuce osmotic adjustment and root activity
As shown in Table 5, romaine lettuce blade MDA contents and electrical conductivity are significantly raised after Cd stress, and CK1 is carried respectively compared with CK
High 60.76% (P ＜ 0.05) and 48.68% (P ＜ 0.05).With the rise of IAA concentration, the romaine lettuce MDA under Cd stress contains
Amount is first reduced to be raised afterwards, and when IAA concentration is 50 μm of ol/L minimum, (P ＜ 0.05) lower than CK1 by 20.26%, but still ratio is not by Cd
The MDA contents for coercing romaine lettuce CK are high by 28.18% (P ＜ 0.05).When IAA concentration is 100 μm of ol/L and 200 μm of ol/L, romaine lettuce
MDA contents are more slightly lower than CK1, but with CK1 without significant difference.Spray after IAA, the lower romaine lettuce conductivity variations trend of Cd stress and MDA
Changes of contents trend is similar, first reduces raising afterwards with the rise of IAA concentration, but conductivity minimum appears in and sprays IAA concentration
During for 100 μm of ol/L, compared with CK1,18.77% (P ＜ 0.05) is reduced.For proline, 25 μm of ol/L, 50 μ are sprayed
After mol/L and 100 μm of ol/L IAA, romaine lettuce proline content compared with CK1, be respectively increased 0.14% (P ＞ 0.05),
9.89% (P ＜ 0.05) and 41.23% (P ＜ 0.05).When IAA concentration is 200 μm of ol/L, romaine lettuce proline content significantly drops
It is low, 19.50% (P ＜ 0.05) is reduced compared with CK1.Cd stress causes romaine lettuce root activity to significantly reduce, though spray after IAA
It has been raised that, but remained unchanged and CK significant differences.Under Cd stress, romaine lettuce root activity maximum is 50 μm of ol/ to spray IAA concentration
L processing, improves 34.14% (P ＜ 0.05) compared with CK1.
Table 5IAA coerces Cd the influence of lower romaine lettuce osmotic adjustment and root activity
External source IAA coerces Cd the influence of lower romaine lettuce activities of antioxidant enzymes
As shown in Table 6, Cd stress-inducings romaine lettuce POD and SOD activity significantly rise, CK1 is respectively increased compared with CK
22.38% (P ＜ 0.05) and 162.24% (P ＜ 0.05).Spray after IAA, the active rise with IAA concentration of romaine lettuce POD and SOD
And first reduce and raise afterwards, it is minimum when IAA concentration is 100 μm of ol/L, compared with CK1,32.02% (P ＜ are reduced respectively
0.05) with 32.81% (P ＜ 0.05).Spray difference between 50 μm of ol/L and 200 μm of ol/LIAA processing, romaine lettuce SOD activity
It is not notable.Cause CAT activity reductions with POD and SOD changes on the contrary, Cd stress, compared with CK, CK1 reduces 36.32% (P ＜
0.05).Spray after IAA, compared with CK1, the significantly rise, and first raise and drop afterwards with the rise of IAA concentration of romaine lettuce CAT activity
It is low, highest, (P ＜ 0.05) higher than CK1 by 48.59% when IAA concentration is 100 μm of ol/L.Romaine lettuce CAT activity is to spray IAA dense
Without significant difference when spending for 25 μm of ol/L and 200 μm of ol/L.
Table 6IAA coerces Cd the influence of lower romaine lettuce activities of antioxidant enzymes
External source IAA coerces Cd the influence of lower lettuce quality
As can be seen from Table 7, Cd stress causes the reduction of romaine lettuce soluble sugar content, and compared with CK, CK1 is reduced
46.90% (P ＜ 0.05).Though spraying IAA significantly improves the lower romaine lettuce soluble sugar content of Cd stress, the still difference compared with CK
Significantly.After the IAA for spraying 25 μm of ol/L, 50 μm of ol/L, 100 μm of ol/L and 200 μm of ol/L, romaine lettuce soluble sugar content compares respectively
CK1 high by 9.85% (P ＜ 0.05), 12.77% (P ＜ 0.05), 18.61% (P ＜ 0.05) and 2.74% (P ＞ 0.05).Cd is coerced
Compel lower Nitrate Content in Lettuce and soluble protein content is significantly raised, compared with CK, 224.25% (P has been respectively increased in CK1
＜ 0.05) and 34.65% (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with CK1, spray IAA and significantly reduce Nitrate Content in Lettuce, when IAA concentration
It is lower than CK1 by 43.66% (P ＜ 0.05) during for 50 μm of ol/L, but still it is significantly higher than CK.Spray after IAA, romaine lettuce soluble protein becomes
Change trend is different from nitrate, is raised with IAA concentration, and soluble protein content is first raised and reduced afterwards.When IAA concentration is 50 μ
Highest during mol/L, compared with CK1, increases 24.34% (P ＜ 0.05).When spraying IAA concentration for 200 μm of ol/L, romaine lettuce can
Dissolubility protein content is with CK1 without significant difference.
Table 7IAA coerces Cd the influence of lower lettuce quality
External source IAA coerces Cd lower romaine lettuce Cd contents and Cd transports the influence of coefficient
Under Cd stress, spray IAA and significantly reduce romaine lettuce overground part Cd contents.With the rise of IAA concentration, romaine lettuce overground part
Cd contents are first reduced to be raised afterwards, anxious afterwards when IAA concentration is 100 μm of ol/L minimum, (P ＜ 0.05) lower than CK1 by 17.54%
Play rise.Romaine lettuce root system Cd changes of contents trend is with overground part Cd contents on the contrary, with becoming that IAA concentration liter is reduced afterwards in first raising
Gesture, highest when IAA concentration is 50 μm of ol/L is significantly higher than other each processing.It is 25 μm of ol/L and 200 μm of ol/ to spray IAA concentration
During L, root system Cd contents are not notable with CK1 differences.For transhipment coefficient, spray after IAA, romaine lettuce Cd transhipment coefficients are reduced,
IAA concentration is minimum when being 50 μm of ol/L, is 0.346.
Table 8IAA coerces Cd lower romaine lettuce Cd contents and Cd transports the influence of coefficient
Correlation analysis between external source IAA processing Growth of Lettuce, physical signs and Cd contents
As can be seen from Table 9, spray after IAA, romaine lettuce overground part Cd contents and nitrate content, MDA contents, POD activity
It is in notable positive correlation with SOD activity, with Pn in notable negatively correlated, with ground fresh weight, proline content and soluble sugar content
In extremely significantly negatively correlated.Romaine lettuce overground part fresh weight, in extremely significantly negatively correlated, contains with MDA contents with POD, SOD activity and nitrate
Amount is in significantly negatively correlated, with the notable positive correlation of proline content, soluble sugar content and Pn.
Correlation analysis between the Growth of Lettuce of table 9, physical signs and Cd contents
Note：" * * " and " * " represent P respectively<0.05 and P<0.01 level.
Cd Pollution in Soil meeting coup injury root system of plant cell, suppresses absorption of the root system to nutrient, causes plant growth to delay
Slowly, blade flavescence is downright bad, plant is short and small, yield declines.Study influences of the various concentrations Cd to seedling growth of rice, find with
The increase of Cd concentration, seedling growth of rice is suppressed, and biomass is reduced.Also there are some researches show with the increase of Cd concentration, mustard
Dish is slow-growing, Aboveground Biomass of Young and relative water content are reduced].This experimental study is found, causes life under Cd stress
Dish plant height, stem is thick and biomass is significantly reduced.Meanwhile, Cd stress significantly reduces romaine lettuce root length and root activity.Under Cd stress,
Nitrate Content in Lettuce and soluble protein content are significantly raised, and nitrate content and overground part Cd contents are in notable positive
Close, illustrate that Cd concentration over-standards in soil are easily caused the accumulation of vegetable nitrate.
Plant is under normal physiological condition, and activity in vivo oxygen metabolism level is in relatively steady state.Coerced when by Cd
When compeling, cell membrane is destroyed, and causes active oxygen to be accumulated, and electrolyte largely exosmoses.Research shows that Cd also causes plant cell
Response to oxidative stress because Cd can effective Triggered Activity oxygen cluster synthesis and accumulation, cause cellular damage and Lipid peroxidation metabolism, press down
System or the activity for promoting antioxidase in antioxidant system.Gao Jiahe etc. thinks that Cd stress can improve flue-cured tobacco to a certain extent
Piece SOD and POD activity, but it is not avoided that the generation of cell membrane lipid peroxidating.This result of the test shows that Cd stress causes life
Dish SOD and POD activity rise, but CAT activity reductions.Show that romaine lettuce SOD and POD is stronger to Cd tolerance, in high concentrations of Cd
Under stress, both enzymatic activitys are still significantly raised, and CAT activity is then suppressed significantly.Under Cd stress, romaine lettuce electrical conductivity, dried meat
Histidine content and MDA contents are significantly raised, and show that high Cd stress romaine lettuce cell membrane is caused Lipid peroxidation metabolism, electrolyte by destruction
Extravasation.Cd is a kind of photosynthetic effective inhibitor.Cd can be by reducing the content of chlorophyll, suppressing the anti-of Calvin cycle
Answer step and the activity of enzyme to reduce Pn, Gs, change the ultra microstructure of chloroplaset, by disturbing the generation of protochlorophyllide to press down
The approach influence photosynthesis such as the formation of chlorophyll processed, suppression electron transport chain enzymatic activity related to photosynthetic carbon metabolism.This examination
In testing, Cd stress causes romaine lettuce chlorophyll content to significantly reduce, and Pn is remarkably decreased, and Ci is raised, and shows that romaine lettuce photosynthetic rate drops
Low to be caused by Nonsto-matal factor, Cd, which is coerced, causes photosynthetic related enzyme activity reduction and photosynthetic organs damage.
It is a discovery of the invention that under Cd stress, after the IAA for spraying 50 and 100 μm of ol/L, romaine lettuce plant height, stem are thick, overground part fresh weight
All significantly improved with dry weight, while Nitrate Content in Lettuce is reduced, and soluble protein content is raised, and shows to spray both dense
The IAA of degree significantly promotes the growth of romaine lettuce, improves endurance of the romaine lettuce to Cd.
It is a discovery of the invention that spraying after IAA, lower romaine lettuce POD and the SOD activity of Cd stress, MDA contents and electrical conductivity significantly drop
It is low, and first reduce and raise afterwards as IAA concentration is raised.Show that IAA alleviates destructions of the Cd to romaine lettuce cell membrane, reduce life
Dish Lipid peroxidation metabolism degree.It is different that this improves leaf mustard SOD activity research results under Lead sweet from the IAA drawn to words etc.,
This is probably because different plants are different to Cd endurance caused.
It is a discovery of the invention that spraying after IAA, the rise of romaine lettuce chlorophyll content.Spraying IAA causes the lower rising speed of romaine lettuce of Cd stress
Rate is reduced, and showing romaine lettuce reduces the transhipment to Cd by reducing transpiration rate.Romaine lettuce photosynthetic rate increases, and Ci slightly has drop
It is low, illustrate that IAA alleviates the non-stomatal limit of the lower romaine lettuce of Cd stress, improve the photosynthesis of romaine lettuce.
(Ren Xiaoyan, Zhou Peng, peace deep pool spray mitigation [J] grass of the IAA to alfalfa seedling aluminium toxicity to Ren Xiaoyan etc.
Industry science, 2014,31 (7):1323-1329.) research shows that Acid-Al stress reduces alfalfa Endogenous IAA content, sprays IAA
Accumulation of the alfalfa to aluminium can be alleviated.But also have research (to words, official's spring cloud, Huang Huang, wait plant growth regulator IAA,
Reinforcing [J] agricultural modernizations of the GA and 6-BA to mustard type rape and cabbage type rape cadmium is studied, 2010,31 (4):
504-508.) show, under Cd stress, IAA can dramatically increase the plant height and biomass of mustard type rape and cabbage type rape, carry
Cd contents in high rape stem and leaf.It is a discovery of the invention that spray after IAA, the reduction of romaine lettuce overground part Cd contents, and root system Cd contents
Rise, shows that transhipment of the romaine lettuce to Cd may be inhibited by spraying IAA, on the other hand, and IAA promotes the growth of romaine lettuce, may be right
Overground part Cd contents have certain diluting effect.
Comparative example 1
Except abscisic acid is changed into CKT, and concentration is that remaining is consistent with embodiment 1 outside 1~200 μm of ol/L.
Find after testing, in above-mentioned concentration range, the cadmium content of glass romaine lettuce aerial part, for CK1, most
Height only declines 1.2%.
Comparative example 2
Except abscisic acid is changed into JA, and concentration is that remaining is consistent with embodiment 1 outside 1~200 μm of ol/L.
Find after testing, in above-mentioned concentration range, the cadmium content of glass romaine lettuce aerial part, for CK1, most
Height only declines 1.6%.
Comparative example 3
Except abscisic acid is changed into EBR, and concentration is that remaining is consistent with embodiment 1 outside 1~200 μm of ol/L.
Find after testing, in above-mentioned concentration range, the cadmium content of glass romaine lettuce aerial part, for CK1, most
Height only declines 2.3%.
Comparative example 4
Except abscisic acid is changed into proline, and concentration is that remaining is consistent with embodiment 1 outside 1~200 μm of ol/L.
Find after testing, in above-mentioned concentration range, the cadmium content of glass romaine lettuce aerial part, for CK1, most
Height only declines 1.4%.
Comparative example 5
Except abscisic acid is changed into abscisic acid (ABA), and concentration is outside 1~20 μm of ol/L, remaining and embodiment 1 one
Cause.
Such as table 10, using abscisic acid, it is impossible to alleviate growth inhibition of the cadmium to romaine lettuce.
Table 10ABA coerces Cd the influence of lower Growth of Lettuce
Claims (6)
1. alleviate Leaf lettuce Cd stress growth inhibition and the method for reducing cadmium content using IAA, it is characterised in that methods described
Comprise the following steps：
After Leaf lettuce seedling is ripe, foliage-spray, the amount of spraying are carried out for 25~200 μm of ol/L IAA aqueous solution with concentration
Dripped with blade face for degree, sprayed 1 time, spray altogether 3 times every 2 days.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the concentration of the IAA aqueous solution is 50~100 μm of ol/L.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the concentration of the IAA aqueous solution is 50 μm of ol/L.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that when carrying out foliage-spray using the IAA aqueous solution, when spraying
Between be early morning.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that it is Leaf lettuce children to spray the time of the IAA aqueous solution for the 1st time
The 3rd day after seedling is ripe.
6. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that Leaf lettuce used is glass romaine lettuce.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN110226507A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-09-13 | 河南农业大学 | Relaxation effect of the Exogenous Ascorbic Acid to winter wheat Cd stress |
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