CN107255793A - A kind of array df method and device for wideband OFDM signal of communication - Google Patents
A kind of array df method and device for wideband OFDM signal of communication Download PDFInfo
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- CN107255793A CN107255793A CN201710456606.XA CN201710456606A CN107255793A CN 107255793 A CN107255793 A CN 107255793A CN 201710456606 A CN201710456606 A CN 201710456606A CN 107255793 A CN107255793 A CN 107255793A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
- G01S3/14—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
- G01S3/28—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using amplitude comparison of signals derived simultaneously from receiving antennas or antenna systems having differently-oriented directivity characteristics
- G01S3/30—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using amplitude comparison of signals derived simultaneously from receiving antennas or antenna systems having differently-oriented directivity characteristics derived directly from separate directional systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
- G01S3/74—Multi-channel systems specially adapted for direction-finding, i.e. having a single antenna system capable of giving simultaneous indications of the directions of different signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
- H04L27/2649—Demodulators
- H04L27/265—Fourier transform demodulators, e.g. fast Fourier transform [FFT] or discrete Fourier transform [DFT] demodulators
Abstract
The present invention relates to the direction finding technology of broadband array signal process field, the present invention is selected to focus on reference frequency point, and the ofdm signal of array received is decomposed and DFT processing is carried out, broadband array signal is obtained；The minimum constraints of error and array manifold matrix between array manifold and reference frequency lattice array flow pattern after focusing on are recycled, the focussing matrix of each respective frequencies point is calculated；According to focussing matrix, array received data in each sub- period are focused with conversion and obtains single-frequency point data covariance matrix, and then is obtained on reference frequency point covariance matrix；Calculate the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value R of each reference frequency point covariance matrix；Eigenvalues Decomposition is carried out to R, signal subspace and noise subspace is obtained, and then obtain the spatial spectrum expression formula of broadband MUSIC algorithms；Scanned for according to spatial spectrum expression formula, obtain the estimate that the corresponding angle position of P maximum point is wideband OFDM signal arrival bearing.
Description
Technical field
Believe the present invention relates to the direction finding technology of broadband array signal process field, especially a kind of communicated for wideband OFDM
Number array df method and device.
Background technology
MUSIC (MUltiple SIgnal Classification) algorithm is that Schmidt et al. was proposed in 1979,
Its basic thought is that the covariance matrix of General Cell output data is carried out into feature decomposition, so as to obtain and component of signal phase
Corresponding signal subspace and the noise subspace mutually orthogonal with component of signal, are then entered using the orthogonality of the two subspaces
Row spectrum peak search estimates the incident direction of signal.
For wideband OFDM signal of communication, traditional array df MUSIC (MUltiple SIgnal
Classification) algorithm can not carry out multi signal resolution and Mutual coupling to such signal, can only handle arrowband and
Incoherent spacing wave, and using than width and than the Direction Finding Algorithm of phase system can not also differentiate to multiple signals simultaneously,
Effective Mutual coupling can not be carried out.Therefore, solve the problems, such as the Mutual coupling of wideband OFDM signal of communication has very much
It is necessary.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：The problem of existing for prior art is directed to broadband there is provided one kind
The array df method and device of ofdm communication signal.Solve the feelings that there are multiple Coherent Wideband ofdm communication signals in space
Under condition, multiple signals are differentiated using frequency focusing method using even linear array or uniform circular array, while measuring each signal one
The technical problem of dimension or 2-d direction finding.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of array df method for wideband OFDM signal of communication includes：
It is selected to focus on reference frequency point f0, the ofdm signal of array received is decomposed and DFT processing is carried out, broadband battle array is obtained
Column signal Xk(fj), j=1,2 ..., J；
Recycle error minimum constraints and battle array between array manifold and reference frequency lattice array flow pattern after focusing on
Row flow pattern matrixCalculate the focussing matrix T (f of each respective frequencies pointj)；
According to focussing matrix T (fj), conversion is focused to array received data in each sub- period and obtains single frequency
Rate point data covariance matrix Hk(fj), and then obtain on reference frequency point covariance matrix Rk；
Within K period, each reference frequency point covariance matrix R is calculatedkArithmetic mean of instantaneous value R；
Eigenvalues Decomposition is carried out to R, signal subspace E is obtainedsWith noise subspace En, and then obtain broadband MUSIC algorithms
Spatial spectrum expression formula；
Scanned for according to spatial spectrum expression formula, it is wideband OFDM letter to obtain the corresponding angle position of P maximum point
The estimate of number arrival bearing.
Further, according to aerial array form, the array manifold matrix of each Frequency point in the range of construction signal bandwidthIt is that M × P dimensions are array manifold square
Gust, its row steering vector is：M is element number of array；τliRepresent
Relative to the time delay of reference array element during i-th of signal l-th of array element of arrival；I=1,2 ..., P.
Further,With broadband array signal Xk(fj) relation is：
J=1,2 ..., J；K=1,2 ..., K；Xk(fj), Nk(fj) all it is the n dimensional vector n of M × 1, its element is respectively by k-th
Array received signal x in time intervalk(t) with noise nk(t) in frequency fjThe discrete fourier coefficient at place is constituted；Sk(fj) it is P
× 1 n dimensional vector n, its incoming signal s in k-th of time intervalk(t) discrete fourier coefficient is constituted；
Further, the aerial array form of uniform circular array is made up of omnidirectional antenna array member, according to radius's
Aerial array is arranged at intervals, c is the light velocity,；
The uniform circular array is three-dimensional array, while reflecting aspect and pitching characteristic, each row steering vector is by deriving
It can be expressed as：I represents coherent signal number；I is more than or equal to 1 and is less than M；
Further, the aerial array focussing matrix calculating process of the uniform circular array is：
Selected focusing frequency is wideband OFDM signal centre frequency f0, total observation time is T0.By the OFDM of array received
Signal time domain snap is divided into K time subsegment, every section
J points FFT is to each time subsegment and obtains Xk(fj), then the array signal output of Signal averaging noise is divided into J
Narrow band frequency component, wherein fjFor j-th of narrow band frequency component；
Using the array manifold matrix of each Frequency point of RSS method constructs, by the focusing square for calculating each respective frequencies point
Battle array T (fj), complete frequency component fjTo f0Focusing.
Further, the aerial array reference frequency point covariance matrix R of the uniform circular arraykArithmetic mean of instantaneous value R calculate
Process is：
According to focussing matrix T (fj), to array received data X in k-th of time subsegmentk(fj) be focused conversion and obtain
Yk(fj), and then obtain the data covariance matrix H in k-th of time subsegment at single-frequency pointk(fj)；
After all Frequency points for completing to divide are calculated, all H are takenk(fj) arithmetic average be worth to k-th of time subsegment
It is interior to be based on reference frequency point f0Covariance matrix Rk；
Obtain the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value R of the covariance matrix based on reference frequency point all K periods Neik, then calculate Rk's
Arithmetic average is worth to the covariance matrix R of all data；
Further, the estimate calculating process of the wideband OFDM signal of communication arrival bearing：
R carries out Eigenvalues Decomposition, obtains signal subspace EsWith noise subspace En；According to the space of broadband MUSIC algorithms
Compose expression formula and carry out one-dimensional or two-dimensional space spectrum and calculate and spectrum peak search, the corresponding angle of P maximum point therein is P
The estimate of individual wideband OFDM signal of communication arrival bearing.
Further, the data covariance matrix R calculating process：
The K time subsegment to division is weighted averagely, obtains the data covariance matrix in whole observing time section
Further, the array df device of the array df method includes：
Broadband array signal Xk(fj) computing module, focus on reference frequency point f for selected0, the OFDM of array received is believed
Number decompose and carry out DFT processing, obtain broadband array signal Xk(fj), j=1,2 ..., J；
Focussing matrix computing module, for error between the array manifold and reference frequency lattice array flow pattern after utilization focusing most
Small constraints and array manifold matrixCalculate the focussing matrix T (f of each respective frequencies pointj)；
Reference frequency point covariance matrix computing module, for according to focussing matrix T (fj), to battle array in each sub- period
Row reception data are focused conversion and obtain single-frequency point data covariance matrix Hk(fj), and then obtain on reference frequency
Point covariance matrix Rk；
Covariance matrix mean value calculation module, within K period, calculating each reference frequency point covariance square
Battle array RkArithmetic mean of instantaneous value R；
Wideband OFDM signal arrival bearing's estimate computing module, for carrying out Eigenvalues Decomposition to R, obtains signal subspace empty
Between EsWith noise subspace En, and then obtain the spatial spectrum expression formula of broadband MUSIC algorithms；Searched according to spatial spectrum expression formula
Rope, obtains the estimate that the corresponding angle position of P maximum point is wideband OFDM signal arrival bearing.
In summary, by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The present invention uses Wideband Focusing method, and design uses equally distributed array antenna, to Coherent Wideband ofdm communication
Signal is differentiated, and gives one-dimensional (azimuth) of multiple targets and two-dimentional (orientation and the angle of pitch) Mutual coupling knot
Really, relative to traditional array processing method, both contrast as follows：
1) in computing array covariance matrix R, traditional MUSIC methods are that the time domain snap collected using array is directly entered
Row coherent accumulation, this method is effective for narrow band signal, but helpless for wideband OFDM signal.It is poly- using frequency
Burnt matrix, the method for changing the frequency domain snap for being segmented calculating observation data by time-frequency domain, which can be realized effectively, to be believed broadband connections
Number Mutual coupling；
2) tradition MUSIC Power estimations method can not be differentiated to multiple coherent signals, after Wideband Focusing method,
Simultaneous multiple Coherent Wideband ofdm signals in space can be differentiated；
3) during Mutual coupling is carried out to wideband OFDM signal of communication, traditional MUSIC methods are using one-dimensional
Even linear array, thus angle of arrival of the signal in orientation can only be obtained, The present invention gives broadband is believed using uniform circular array
Number simultaneously carry out orientation and pitching two dimension angular estimation implementation method and estimation performance；
4) by contrasting resolution capability and direction finding of the tradition MUSIC methods with RSS methods for same wideband ofdm signal
Performance, it was demonstrated that the latter has more excellent broadband signal super-resolution Measure direction performance, in actual applications can be more efficient.
To sum up analyze, using the Wideband Focusing method in the present invention, with reference to corresponding form of structuring the formation, disclosure satisfy that routine
The performance requirement that MUSIC algorithms are unable to reach, can significantly increase the direction finding to wideband OFDM signal of communication and resolution capability, be
The technology solution that a peacekeeping estimating two-dimensional direction-of-arrival provides a kind of science is carried out to broadband signal with array processing method
Scheme.
Brief description of the drawings
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the wideband OFDM signal of communication time domain waveform of array element reception in case study on implementation
Fig. 2 is the wideband OFDM signal of communication frequency-domain waveform of array element reception in case study on implementation
Fig. 3 is that context of methods is compared (linear array) same wideband ofdm signal direction finding ability with tradition spectrum method of estimation
Fig. 4 is that context of methods is compared same wideband ofdm signal direction finding ability (circle battle array) with tradition spectrum method of estimation
Fig. 5 is Monte-Carlo simulation result (200 point) of the even linear array direction finding precision with signal to noise ratio change curve
Embodiment
All features disclosed in this specification, or disclosed all methods or during the step of, except mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step beyond, can combine in any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification, unless specifically stated otherwise, can be equivalent by other or with similar purpose
Alternative features are replaced.I.e., unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is an example in a series of equivalent or similar characteristics
.
Related description of the present invention：
1st, OFDM modulation principles
OFDM full name OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing), is one
Efficient multi-carrier modulation is planted, the frequency selective fading in radio communication channel can be effectively antagonized.By by data
The data symbol obtained after bit progress constellation mapping, which is modulated on several mutually orthogonal subcarriers, realizes the efficient of frequency spectrum
Utilize.Data symbol duration on the frequency interval and subcarrier of subcarrier is reciprocal each other, it is ensured that what is obtained is modulated
Subcarrier has the minimum frequency space for meeting orthogonality condition., it is necessary to first will string before data symbol carries out OFDM modulation
Capable data symbol is converted to parallel, and then the multichannel data after OFDM is modulated, which is stacked up, again is converted to serial data
Transmission signal is formed after stream, insertion protection interval, formed filter is eventually passed and is launched by radio frequency unit.OFDM demodulation is then
It is first to obtain the data symbol carried on subcarrier, then symbol is subjected to parallel-serial conversion, demodulation output obtains the bit letter of transmission
Breath.
If N represents the number of subcarrier, T represents OFDM symbol width, dk(k=0,1,2 ..., N-1) is allocated to often
The data symbol of individual subcarrier, fcIt is the carrier frequency of the 0th subcarrier, rect (t)=1, | t |≤T/2,
Then from t=tsThe OFDM symbol of beginning can be expressed as：
Accordingly, OFDM Equivalent Base-Bands signal model is as follows：
Ignore rectangle shaping impulse function, make ts=0, to signal zB(t) withSpeed sampled, evenIt can obtain：
By (3), formula can see, snIt is equivalent to dkCarry out IDFT (Invert Discrete Fourier
Transform) computing.Equally in receiving terminal, in order to recover original data symbol dk, can be to snInverse transformation is carried out, i.e.,
DFT is obtained.
2nd, broadband array signal model
Consider even linear array (Uniform Linear Array, ULA) that Array Model is M array element equidistant arrangement or
Circumferentially the uniform circular array (Uniform Circular Array, UCA) of equiangularly spaced arrangement, there is P wideband OFDM far field
Signal of communication is radiated on array from different angles respectively, and incidence angle is respectively
Wherein θ andThe orientation and the angle of pitch of incoming signal are represented respectively.Assuming that wideband OFDM signal has same band B and centre frequency
f0, noise is white Gaussian noise, and average is 0, and variance is σ2, and signal is uncorrelated to noise, wherein first array element is used as reference
Array element, then the reception data (when not considering gain) in l-th of array element can be expressed as：
Wherein：si(t) it is i-th of incoming signal, τliRepresent when i-th signal reaches l-th of array element relative to referring to battle array
The time delay of member, c is the light velocity, nl(t) noise of l-th of the array element in t is represented.
If by observing time T0It is divided into K subsegment, every time is Tk, in order to ensure the array output data on frequency domain
It is uncorrelated, if taking chronon interval TkLong enough, meets τli＜ Tk, then delay, τliThe phase shift in frequency domain can be converted into.To seeing
Examine data and carry out leaf transformation DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) in J point discrete Fouriers, obtain k-th of time interval
Broadband array signal model in frequency domain：
Wherein：Xk(fj), Nk(fj) all it is the n dimensional vector n of M × 1, its element respectively believe in k-th of time interval by array received
Number xkAnd n (t)k(t) noise is in frequency fjThe discrete fourier coefficient at place is constituted；Sk(fj) be the n dimensional vector n of P × 1, it by k-th when
Between be spaced in incoming signal sk(t) discrete fourier coefficient is constituted；
It is that M × P dimensions are array manifold matrix, its
I-th (i=1,2 ..., P) row steering vector is：
3rd, the course of work：Such as Fig. 1
3.1 focussing matrix T (fj) construction process：
For two-dimensional case, (wherein, one-dimensional case can be understood as the derivation of equation of the present inventionSpecial two-dimentional feelings
Condition).The basic thought of arrival bearing's method of estimation based on Wideband Focusing matrix is by the number of each Frequency point by focussing matrix
According to the data for being changed into reference frequency point, key is the selection of focussing matrix.By broadband signal
Model (5) formula understands that key problem is construction focussing matrix T (fj), it is allowed to meet (6) formula：
Wideband Focusing matrix herein is calculated using rotating signal sub-space transform algorithm to be obtained, and its operation principle is to make
Error is minimum between array manifold and reference frequency lattice array flow pattern after focusing, i.e.,：
Constraints T (fj) it is unitary matrice, i.e. TH(fj)T(fj)=I (I represents unit matrix).
Wherein：||·||FFor Frobenius moulds, θ is sense matrix [θ1 θ2 … θP]T.Said process is actually
It is by TjAct on array manifoldThe subspace opened, is allowed to be fitted under Frobenius mould least meaningsThe subspace opened.(7) solution of the formula under constraints is：
T(fj)=V (fj)U(fj)H (8)
Wherein：U(fj) and V (fj) be respectivelyThe right singular value vector of left singular value vector
To arrange the matrix lined up.
3.2 single-frequency point data covariance matrix Hk(fj) calculating process：
By T (fj) substitute into (5) formula, then there is (9) formula, then obtain (10) formula：
Wherein：Rs(fj) and σ2(fj) represent frequency for f respectivelyjObserved data covariance matrix and noise power.
3.3 reference frequency point covariance matrix RkAnd data covariance matrix R calculating process：
First to each Frequency point Hk(fj) weighted average, k-th of sub- period is obtained on reference frequency point f0Association side
Poor matrix Rk：
Then the K time subsegment to division is weighted averagely, obtains the data covariance in whole observing time section
Matrix R：
The spatial spectrum expression formula calculating process of 3.4 broadband MUSIC algorithms：
Eigenvalues Decomposition finally is carried out to covariance matrix R, P big eigenvalue λs are obtainedi(i=1,2 ..., P), P
The big corresponding characteristic vector of characteristic value opens into signal subspace Es=[e1 e2 … eP], remaining M-P less characteristic values pair
The characteristic vector answered opens into noise subspace En=[eP+1 eP+2 … eM]。
In summary, the spatial spectrum expression formula (13) of broadband MUSIC algorithms can be obtained：
The thought based on focussing matrix more than, the resolution of wideband OFDM signal and Mutual coupling；According to (13)
Spatial spectrum expression formula in formula carries out one-dimensional orientation or two-dimentional orientation, pitching spectrum peak search, and wherein P maximum point is corresponding
Angle position is the estimate of wideband OFDM signal arrival bearing.
4th, implementation steps include：
4.1 selected focusing reference frequency point f0, the ofdm signal of array received is divided into K not overlapping sub-segments, per height
Section is divided into J narrow frequency ranges and is DFT, obtains Xk(fj), j=1,2 ..., J；
4.2, according to aerial array form, construct the one-dimensional or two-dimensional array stream of each Frequency point in the range of signal bandwidth
Type matrix, recycles (8) formula to calculate the focussing matrix of each respective frequencies point.Because the array manifold of two-dimensional array can reflect letter
Number spatial domain stereoscopic features, in the resolution of multiple signals compared with one-dimensional linear array have obvious advantage；
4.3 are focused conversion according to (9) formula to array received data in each sub- period obtains Yk(fj), by (10)
Formula obtains single-frequency point data covariance matrix Hk(fj), take arithmetic average to be worth to all Frequency points according still further to (11) formula
Covariance matrix R on reference frequency pointk；
4.4 within K period, and covariance matrix arithmetic mean of instantaneous value R at each reference frequency point is calculated according to (12) formulak
Arithmetic mean of instantaneous value R；
4.5 couples of R carry out Eigenvalues Decomposition, obtain signal subspace EsWith noise subspace En；
4.6 carry out one-dimensional orientation or two-dimentional orientation, pitching spectrum peak search according to the spatial spectrum expression formula in (13) formula, its
The corresponding angle position of middle P maximum point is the estimate of wideband OFDM signal arrival bearing.
5th, specific embodiment one：
5.1 simulated conditions：
With identical centre frequency f0=2GHz and identical bandwidth B=200MHz wideband OFDM signal of communication, are adopted
Modulated with QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying), 256 code elements, 64 subcarriers.Array noise n (t) is
Stable zero-mean band limit (there is identical bandwidth with ofdm signal) Gaussian process, the noise n of M array elementm(t) (m=1,
2 ..., M) between it is separate, and with identical statistical property, they and signal are also statistical iteration.Signal-to-noise ratio settings
For 20dB.The sample frequency of each array element is 4GHz.For the following two kinds structure the formation form carry out performance simulation experiment, wherein first
It is the form of structuring the formation generally used at present to plant linear array, and second of circle battle array is the new formation used herein.
Antenna is structured the formation form 1：8 omnidirectional antenna array member composition even linear arrays, array element spacingC be the light velocity (according to
This array element interval carry out antenna structure the formation), three coherent signals respectively with WithAngle enters
Penetrate, time domain snap SNAP=1000.The each row steering vector of array manifold matrix of formation 1 can be expressed as by derivation：
Antenna is structured the formation form 2：8 omnidirectional antenna array member composition uniform circular arrays, radiusC is the light velocity (according to this battle array
Member interval carries out antenna and structured the formation), three coherent signals are respectively with orientation and pitching
WithAngle is incident, time domain snap SNAP=1000.The array manifold matrix of formation 2 is different from formation 1,
It is three-dimensional array, and aspect and pitching characteristic can be reflected simultaneously, with wide applicability, and each row steering vector passes through
Derivation can be expressed as：
Three wideband OFDM signals are differentiated using this programme and the detailed implementation steps of Mutual coupling are as follows：
Step 5.1 selectes focusing frequency for wideband OFDM signal centre frequency f0, total observation time is T0=1.28us.
1000 time domain snaps of ofdm signal of array received are divided into K=10 time subsegment, every section
Step 5.2 is 100 point FFT to each time subsegment and obtains Xk(fj), then the array signal of Signal averaging noise exports quilt
Be divided at J=100 narrow band frequency component, wherein j=50 is broadband signal centre frequency f0The Frequency point at place；
Step 5.3 uses the array manifold matrix of each Frequency point of RSS method constructs, by calculating each respective frequencies point
Focussing matrix T (fj), complete frequency component fjTo f0Focusing；
Step 5.4 is according to focussing matrix T (fj), to array received data X in k-th of time subsegmentk(fj) it is focused change
Get Y in returnk(fj), and then obtain the data covariance matrix H in k-th of time subsegment at single-frequency pointk(fj)；
Step 5.5 takes all H after all Frequency points for completing to divide are calculatedk(fj) arithmetic average be worth to k-th
Reference frequency point f is based in time subsegment0Covariance matrix Rk；
The computational methods of step 5.6 repeat step 5.4~5.5, are obtained in all K periods based on reference frequency point
The arithmetic mean of instantaneous value R of covariance matrixk, then calculate RkArithmetic average be worth to the covariance matrix R of all data；
Step 5.6 carries out Eigenvalues Decomposition to R, obtains signal subspace EsWith noise subspace En；
Step 5.7 carries out one-dimensional or two-dimensional space spectrum according to (13) formula and calculated and spectrum peak search, P maximum therein
The corresponding angle of point is the estimate of P wideband OFDM signal of communication arrival bearing.
Verified by antenna constellation design and Computer Simulation, 8 yuan of even linear arrays and uniform circular array is respectively adopted, implemented
Under simulated conditions in example, according to RSS computational methods, completed according to 1)~calculation procedure 8) to three Coherent Wideband OFDM
The resolution of signal and a peacekeeping estimating two-dimensional direction-of-arrival, work well, and with the raising of signal to noise ratio, estimated accuracy is notable
Improve, robustness is relatively strong (Fig. 3)；As a comparison, the signal point using tradition MUSIC Power estimation methods under the same terms is given
Distinguish ability and Mutual coupling result (Fig. 3, Fig. 5).Theory analysis and Computer Simulation show, based on width in the present invention
Wideband OFDM signal of communication with focussing matrix is differentiated and a peacekeeping estimating two-dimensional direction-of-arrival method is estimated relative to tradition spectrum
Meter computational methods have a clear superiority, and are still maintained in the case where conventional method cannot be distinguished by multiple signals higher
Resolution capability, and accurate direction of arrival can also be provided for Coherent Wideband signal, algorithm performance is significantly improved, is widened
The engineering application of Space ball technology, with stronger practicality.
The invention is not limited in foregoing embodiment.The present invention, which is expanded to, any in this manual to be disclosed
New feature or any new combination, and disclose any new method or process the step of or any new combination.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of array df method for wideband OFDM signal of communication, it is characterised in that including：
It is selected to focus on reference frequency point f0, the ofdm signal of array received is decomposed and DFT processing is carried out, wideband array letter is obtained
Number Xk(fj), j=1,2 ..., J；
Recycle the minimum constraints of error and array stream between array manifold and reference frequency lattice array flow pattern after focusing on
Type matrixCalculate the focussing matrix T (f of each respective frequencies pointj)；
According to focussing matrix T (fj), array received data in each sub- period are focused with conversion and obtains single-frequency points
According to covariance matrix Hk(fj), and then obtain on reference frequency point covariance matrix Rk；
Within K period, each reference frequency point covariance matrix R is calculatedkArithmetic mean of instantaneous value R；
Eigenvalues Decomposition is carried out to R, signal subspace E is obtainedsWith noise subspace En, and then obtain the sky of broadband MUSIC algorithms
Between compose expression formula；
Scanned for according to spatial spectrum expression formula, it is wideband OFDM signal to obtain the corresponding angle position of P maximum point
The estimate in ripple direction.
2. a kind of array df method for wideband OFDM signal of communication according to claim 1, it is special
Levy the array manifold matrix for being that each Frequency point in the range of signal bandwidth is constructed according to aerial array formIt is that M × P dimensions are array manifold square
Gust, its row steering vector is：M is element number of array；τliRepresent
Relative to the time delay of reference array element during i-th of signal l-th of array element of arrival；I=1,2 ..., P.
3. a kind of array df method for wideband OFDM signal of communication according to claim 2, it is characterised in thatWith broadband array signal Xk(fj) relation is：
J=1,2 ..., J；K=1,2 ..., K；Xk(fj),Nk(fj) all it is the n dimensional vector n of M × 1, its element is respectively between k-th of time
Every middle array received signal xk(t) with noise nk(t) in frequency fjThe discrete fourier coefficient at place is constituted；Sk(fj) it is that arrow is tieed up in P × 1
Amount, its incoming signal s in k-th of time intervalk(t) discrete fourier coefficient is constituted.
4. a kind of array df method for wideband OFDM signal of communication according to claim 2, it is characterised in that logical
The aerial array form of omnidirectional antenna array member composition uniform circular array is crossed, according to radiusInterval setting aerial array, c is
The light velocity,；
The uniform circular array is three-dimensional array, while reflect aspect and pitching characteristic, and each row steering vector can be with by derivation
It is expressed as：I represents coherent signal number；1≤i<M；
5. a kind of array df method for wideband OFDM signal of communication according to claim 2, it is characterised in that institute
Stating the aerial array focussing matrix calculating process of uniform circular array is：
Selected focusing frequency is wideband OFDM signal centre frequency f0, total observation time is T0.By the ofdm signal of array received
Time domain snap is divided into K time subsegment, every section
J points FFT is to each time subsegment and obtains Xk(fj), then the array signal output of Signal averaging noise is divided into J arrowband
Frequency component, wherein fjFor j-th of narrow band frequency component；
Using the array manifold matrix of each Frequency point of RSS method constructs, by the focussing matrix T for calculating each respective frequencies point
(fj), complete frequency component fjTo f0Focusing.
6. a kind of array df method for wideband OFDM signal of communication according to claim 2, it is characterised in that institute
State the aerial array reference frequency point covariance matrix R of uniform circular arraykArithmetic mean of instantaneous value R calculating process be：
According to focussing matrix T (fj), to array received data X in k-th of time subsegmentk(fj) be focused conversion and obtain Yk
(fj), and then obtain the data covariance matrix H in k-th of time subsegment at single-frequency pointk(fj)；
After all Frequency points for completing to divide are calculated, all H are takenk(fj) arithmetic average be worth to base in k-th of time subsegment
In reference frequency point f0Covariance matrix Rk；
Obtain the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value R of the covariance matrix based on reference frequency point all K periods Neik, then calculate RkArithmetic
Averagely it is worth to the covariance matrix R of all data.
7. a kind of array df method for wideband OFDM signal of communication according to claim 2, it is characterised in that institute
State the estimate calculating process of wideband OFDM signal of communication arrival bearing：
R carries out Eigenvalues Decomposition, obtains signal subspace EsWith noise subspace En；
Spatial spectrum expression formula according to broadband MUSIC algorithms carries out one-dimensional or two-dimensional space spectrum and calculated and spectrum peak search, wherein
The corresponding angle of P maximum point be P wideband OFDM signal of communication arrival bearing estimate.
8. a kind of array df method for wideband OFDM signal of communication according to claim 2, it is characterised in that institute
State data covariance matrix R calculating process：
The K time subsegment to division is weighted averagely, obtains the data covariance matrix in whole observing time section
9. the array df device based on one of claim 1 to 8 array df method, it is characterised in that including：
Broadband array signal Xk(fj) computing module, focus on reference frequency point f for selected0, by the ofdm signal of array received point
Solve and carry out DFT processing, obtain broadband array signal Xk(fj), j=1,2 ..., J；
Focussing matrix computing module, for utilizing error minimum between the array manifold and reference frequency lattice array flow pattern after focusing on
Constraints and array manifold matrixCalculate the focussing matrix T (f of each respective frequencies pointj)；
Reference frequency point covariance matrix computing module, for according to focussing matrix T (fj), array in each sub- period is connect
Receipts data are focused conversion and obtain single-frequency point data covariance matrix Hk(fj), and then obtain assisting on reference frequency point
Variance matrix Rk；
Covariance matrix mean value calculation module, within K period, calculating each reference frequency point covariance matrix Rk
Arithmetic mean of instantaneous value R；
Wideband OFDM signal arrival bearing's estimate computing module, for carrying out Eigenvalues Decomposition to R, obtains signal subspace Es
With noise subspace En, and then obtain the spatial spectrum expression formula of broadband MUSIC algorithms；Scanned for according to spatial spectrum expression formula,
Obtain the estimate that the corresponding angle position of P maximum point is wideband OFDM signal arrival bearing.
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