CN107255514B - City night-tune light pollution test method - Google Patents
City night-tune light pollution test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107255514B CN107255514B CN201710461225.0A CN201710461225A CN107255514B CN 107255514 B CN107255514 B CN 107255514B CN 201710461225 A CN201710461225 A CN 201710461225A CN 107255514 B CN107255514 B CN 107255514B
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000012113 quantitative test Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of city night-tune light pollution test methods, belong to light pollution field of measuring technique.The research object of light pollution is expanded to entire urban agglomeration by the present invention from skylight, observe urban surface layer, city canopy, the cubic light pollution condition of the city night sky three level of layer, light pollution and influence light propagation factor relation in city are integrated, quantitative test is carried out to light pollution in cities distribution situation from the angle of many levels, to intuitively show the light pollution severity in city under different situations, foundation is provided to the whole ecological lighting plan in city, city is influenced, the researchs such as urban activity and light pollution relationship have great significance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to light pollution field of measuring technique, belong to city physical environment planning and design field, specifically
It is related to city night-tune light pollution observation procedure and luminance test method.
Background technology
Also increase therewith with the quickening and economic rapid development, demand of the people to night illumination of process of modernization
Add, the light pollution problem of initiation is also increasingly prominent.It is existing studies have found that light pollution in cities problem seriously affected astronomical observation,
Human body physical and mental health and the nature ecological balance, while a large amount of wastes of urban resource can be also caused, aggravate urban economy burden.
In current lighting environment at night observation technology, urban sky aura, surface road photograph are mainly observed by night satellite map
Bright, building outdoor lighting etc., lacks the dependence tests technological means such as the light pollution distribution situation under overall space.Therefore, this hair
Bright method according to city illumination distribution situation, to city luminous environment space carry out horizontal division (city night sky layer, city canopy,
Urban surface layer), the night-tune light pollution distribution character under overall space is observed and is analyzed from multi-angle, to future city
Light pollution Inspect-estimate System, which is established, has important guiding effect and technical meaning.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of city night-tune light pollution test methods.
Technical scheme of the present invention：
A kind of city night-tune light pollution test method, steps are as follows：
City luminous environment is divided into city night sky layer, city canopy and urban surface layer from the vault of heaven to earth's surface；
The city night sky layer belongs to a day top layer, i.e., more than urban architecture commanding elevation not have the high-altitude of other veils
Region；The luminous environment of city night sky layer region is mainly by natural climate condition and the artificial ring of light from surface layer and canopy
The influence in border, to influence astronomical observation, sky glow；
The city canopy belongs to hollow layer, i.e., with below urban architecture commanding elevation in more than human eye vision range
Empty region；The luminous environment in city canopy region is mainly the illumination of building top and its influence area, the city hat in each region
Layer can be different according to the characteristic of building；
The urban surface layer, i.e. human eye vision absolute altitude to ground region；The luminous environment of urban surface layer region is main
Refer to artificial lights and its influence areas such as street lighting, plaza lighting, the commercial lighting being closely associated with people's life
Illumination.
It is brightness value to embody the index tested in the night-tune light pollution test method of city；
Sky magnitude value is measured using sky quality meter (Sky Quality Meter), display result is the observation area
Interior average brightness, unit mags/arcsecond2, can be carried out and brill cd/m by following formula2Conversion；
L cd/m2=10.8 × 104×10(-0.4*M[mag/arcsec2])
For night sky layer, the vertical measurement direction of instrument and the angle of ground level between 45 ° -90 ° optionally, and with referring to
Compass deviates any angle in level orientation, obtains test point set；
For surface layer, the vertical measurement direction of instrument and the angle of ground level are less than 15 °, and with compass in level side
Position offset any angle, obtains test point set；
The luminous environment magnitude value in sky quality meter vertical direction within the scope of 20 ° is measured in real time, and display result is the measurement
Magnitude value in region；
For canopy, measured using two-dimensional brightness meter；On the basis of the plane where two-dimensional brightness is counted, with compass in level
Direction any rotation obtains the test data and distribution trend of arbitrary face.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The research object of light pollution is expanded to entire urban agglomeration by the present invention from skylight, is seen
The cubic light pollution condition of survey urban surface layer, city canopy, the city night sky three level of layer, light pollution is influenced with city
Light propagation factor relation is integrated, and quantitative test is carried out to light pollution in cities distribution situation from the angle of many levels,
To intuitively show the light pollution severity in city under different situations, to the whole ecological lighting plan in city provide according to
According to being influenced on light pollution in cities on city, the researchs such as urban activity and light pollution relationship have great significance.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the plane and model correspondence schematic diagram of the city night-tune light pollution test method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the model layers schematic diagram of the city night-tune light pollution test method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the city night sky layer general test method schematic diagram of the city night-tune light pollution test method of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the zenith test method schematic diagram of the city night-tune light pollution test method of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the city night sky layer long period monitoring method schematic diagram of the city night-tune light pollution test method of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the city canopy test method schematic diagram of the city night-tune light pollution test method of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the city canopy vertical profile section schematic diagram of the city night-tune light pollution test method of the present invention
Fig. 8 is the urban surface layer test method schematic diagram of the city night-tune light pollution test method of the present invention.
In figure：1 zenith；2 cities night sky layer；3 cities commanding elevation；4 city canopies；5 human eye ranges；6 urban surface layers；7
Earth's surface；8 ground measuring points one；9 perpendicular to zenith region；The measuring point that 10 almucantars are 75 °；The measuring point that 11 almucantars are 60 °；12 ground
Face measuring point two；13 positioning measuring points one；14 positioning measuring points two；15 positioning measuring points three；16 positioning measuring points four；17 positioning measuring points five；18
Roof platform measuring point one；19 roof platform measuring points two；20 apparatus measures ranges；21 ground measuring points three.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with attached drawing and technical solution, the specific implementation mode that further illustrates the present invention.
The course of work one：The general monitoring method explanation of city night sky layer, such as Fig. 1~3.Selected ground measuring point 1, uses instrument
Device sky mass measurer, makes device be facing perpendicularly to city zenith 1, obtains reading perpendicular to zenith region 9, with ground measuring point one
8 to perpendicular to zenith region 9 central points be the longitudinal axis, using protractor, offset downward successively in the same vertical plane 15 ° of angle,
30 °, 45 °, respectively obtain the measuring point 10 that almucantar is 75 °；The reading for the measuring point 11 that almucantar is 60 °；One group is used as above to hang down
Face measurement result directly.Then using one 8 place face of ground measuring point as horizontal plane benchmark, using instrument compass, along (or inverse)
30 ° of clockwise rotation angle tests 360 ° of ranges, repeats above-mentioned vertical plane measurement method and respectively obtains 12 groups of data.To reduce
Artificial experimental error can be tested repeatedly, averaged according to the method described above, to obtain more accurately measuring result.
The course of work two：Zenith test method explanation, such as Fig. 4.Selected ground measuring point 2 12, is surveyed using instrument sky quality
Instrument is measured, device is made to be facing perpendicularly to city zenith 1, positioning measuring point 1 is obtained and reads, with ground measuring point 2 12 to positioning measuring point one
13 vertical lines are the longitudinal axis, with instrument protractor, respectively on the basis of the axis in the horizontal 90 ° of orientation clockwise of line, vertical shift
5 ° of angle respectively obtains positioning measuring point 2 14 and reads, and positioning measuring point 3 15 is read；Measuring point 4 16 is positioned to read；Position measuring point 5 17
Reading, averaged reduce human factor error, obtain value of one group of data as zenith luminance.
The course of work three：Its top layer long period monitoring method explanation, such as Fig. 5.It is more open on the middle and senior level in selected city
Architectural top is as roof platform measuring point 1, and using instrument sky mass measurer, the brightness value for measuring city night sky layer 2 obtains
To the multi-group data continuously monitored, it is connected in computer and carries out analyzing processing.
The course of work four：City canopy test method illustrates, such as Fig. 6~7.Selecting urban skyscraper object top platform is
Roof platform measuring point 2 19 obtains apparatus measures range 20, the test of instrument luminance meter using instrument luminance meter in vertical direction
Visual angle is 120 °, the face on the basis of 2 19 place horizontal plane of roof platform measuring point, according to 30 ° of (counterclockwise) rotation angle clockwise,
One group of data is obtained, is rotated by 360 ° obtains 12 groups of data successively.The course of work is also applied for the relatively flat open mountain in suburb
Body platform, since the commanding elevation height in different cities region is variant, the test result is also different, but test philosophy phase
Together.
The course of work five：Urban surface layer test method explanation, such as Fig. 8.Selected more open ground measuring point 3 21, makes
With instrument sky mass measurer and protractor, 15 ° of deviation angle obtains one group of data vertically upward in the horizontal plane, then with ground
Measuring point 3 21 place face in face is surveyed as horizontal plane benchmark, using instrument compass along 30 ° of (or inverse) clockwise rotation angle
360 ° of ranges are tried, above-mentioned vertical plane measurement method is repeated and respectively obtains 12 groups of data, take its mean value as measurement result.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of city night-tune light pollution test method, which is characterized in that steps are as follows：
City luminous environment is divided into city night sky layer, city canopy and urban surface layer from the vault of heaven to earth's surface；
The city night sky layer belongs to a day top layer, i.e., with high empty region more than urban architecture commanding elevation；City night sky floor area
The luminous environment in domain is mainly influenced by natural climate condition with the artificial light environment from surface layer and canopy, to influence
Astronomical observation, sky glow；
The city canopy belongs to hollow layer, i.e., to arrive the hollow area of human eye vision range or more below urban architecture commanding elevation
Domain；The luminous environment in city canopy region is mainly the illumination of building top and its influence area, the city canopy meeting in each region
It is different according to the characteristic of building；
The urban surface layer, i.e. human eye vision absolute altitude to ground region；The luminous environment of urban surface layer region is primarily referred to as
The illumination of the artificial light and its influence area that are closely associated with people's life；
It is brightness value to embody the index tested in the night-tune light pollution test method of city；
Using sky matter flowmeter measurement sky magnitude value, display result is the average brightness in the observation area, sky magnitude value,
Unit is mags/arcsecond2, carried out and brill cd/m by following formula2Conversion；
L cd/m2=10.8 × 104×10(-0.4*M[mag/arcsec2])
For city night sky layer, the measurement direction of sky quality meter is in vertical plane with the angle of ground level between 45 °~90 °
Optionally, and with compass in level orientation any angle is deviated, obtains test point set；
For urban surface layer, the measurement direction of sky quality meter is less than 15 ° in vertical plane with the angle of ground level, and with referring to
Compass deviates any angle in level orientation, obtains test point set；
Sky quality meter measures the luminous environment magnitude value within the scope of 20 ° of vertical direction in real time, and display result is the measured zone
Interior magnitude value；
For city canopy, measured using two-dimensional brightness meter；On the basis of the horizontal plane where two-dimensional brightness is counted, with compass in water
Plane internal rotation any angle obtains test data at any angle and distribution trend.
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104121986A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-10-29 | 江苏恒创软件有限公司 | Urban light-pollution monitoring device and method based on unmanned aerial vehicle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104121986A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-10-29 | 江苏恒创软件有限公司 | Urban light-pollution monitoring device and method based on unmanned aerial vehicle |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 城市夜间光色环境立体观测与实验研究——以大连城市为例;潘晓寒;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库》;20150731;全文 * |
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