CN107248691B - Programmable control ultra-short pulse fiber laser based on digital micromirror device - Google Patents
Programmable control ultra-short pulse fiber laser based on digital micromirror device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107248691B CN107248691B CN201710268834.4A CN201710268834A CN107248691B CN 107248691 B CN107248691 B CN 107248691B CN 201710268834 A CN201710268834 A CN 201710268834A CN 107248691 B CN107248691 B CN 107248691B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/0675—Resonators including a grating structure, e.g. distributed Bragg reflectors [DBR] or distributed feedback [DFB] fibre lasers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/105—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling the mutual position or the reflecting properties of the reflectors of the cavity, e.g. by controlling the cavity length
- H01S3/1053—Control by pressure or deformation
Abstract
The invention discloses a programmable control ultra-short pulse fiber laser based on a digital micro-mirror device, which comprises a pumping light path and a resonant cavity; wherein, a programmable filter with adjustable chromatic dispersion, which is formed by a diffraction grating, a cylindrical lens and a digital micro-mirror device, is arranged in the resonant cavity; the distance between the digital micro-mirror device and the cylindrical lens is equal to the focal length of the cylindrical lens; after the light beam is diffracted by the diffraction grating, the spectrum is transversely unfolded, and the light beam reaches the digital micromirror device after passing through the cylindrical lens; the signal light is subjected to spectrum modulation by the digital micro-mirror device and then sequentially returns to the cylindrical lens and the diffraction grating, and finally returns to the gain fiber to form a ring cavity. The laser has the advantages that the dispersion quantity in the cavity can be flexibly regulated, and the filter center wavelength and the filter bandwidth can be precisely controlled through programming, so that the control of the ultra-short pulse output characteristic of the laser is realized, the operation is convenient, and the application range is wide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultra-short pulse lasers, in particular to an ultra-short pulse fiber laser with programmable filtering and continuously adjustable dispersion based on a digital micromirror device.
Background
The passive mode-locked ultrashort pulse fiber laser has the advantages of low cost, simple structure, stable work, good heat dissipation performance, high output beam quality and the like, and is widely focused and developed in recent years. Generally, nonlinear processes play an important role in such lasers, but at the same time the interactions between gain and loss, dispersion and nonlinearity can also be used to control the dynamics within the cavity, thus creating different mode-locking regions. The mode locking pulses of different dispersion domains have respective characteristics and different applications according to the magnitude of the net dispersion in the laser cavity from negative to positive and can be roughly divided into a soliton mode locking domain, a dispersion management soliton mode locking domain and a dissipation soliton mode locking domain.
The fiber laser with soliton mode locking works in a large net negative dispersion domain, is limited by soliton area theory, and the pulse width and pulse energy of stable soliton mode locking are strictly limited, and the soliton splitting is necessarily caused by excessive energy. In order to improve pulse energy, people draw the concept of dispersion management in a communication system, a dispersion management soliton mode locking is provided, positive dispersion and negative dispersion with approximate sizes are simultaneously introduced into a cavity, and pulses are alternately stretched and compressed in the cavity, so that pulse peak power is reduced, pulse average width is increased, nonlinear effect is weakened, and pulse energy is improved. The cavity of the dissipative soliton mode-locked fiber laser has only positive dispersion devices or has strong net positive dispersion, the energy of the pulse can be further improved without generating splitting due to accumulation of excessive nonlinear phase shift, and the spectrum modulation of the highly chirped pulse is converted into amplitude modulation by artificially introducing a spectrum filtering element in the cavity so as to realize balance between the nonlinear phase shift and the highly chirped pulse, thereby realizing stable mode locking.
However, the passive mode-locked fiber laser is limited by its reconfigurability, that is, to obtain different output pulse widths, single pulse energies, etc., a laser cavity structure often needs to be greatly changed, and a laser cavity often needs to be redesigned to meet new output parameters. How to flexibly regulate and control the dispersion in the laser cavity and select a proper filter become the key for solving the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above prior art, the present invention provides a programmable controlled ultra-short pulse fiber laser based on a digital micromirror device (Digital Micromirror Device, DMD), which not only can realize tuning and flexible selection of filtering bandwidth through programming, but also can continuously adjust the dispersion amount in a cavity from positive to negative in a wide range, so as to realize control of the output pulse characteristic of the laser.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a programmable control ultra-short pulse fiber laser based on a digital micromirror device, which comprises a pumping light path and a resonant cavity; the pump light output by a diode pump laser source with multimode optical fiber output sequentially passes through a first aspheric lens, a first dichroic mirror and a second aspheric lens and then is injected into a gain optical fiber; an optical isolator for ensuring unidirectional operation of signal light is arranged in the resonant cavity; the signal light output by the gain optical fiber passes through a second aspheric lens, sequentially passes through a first dichroic mirror, a second dichroic mirror and a first reflecting mirror group, then passes through a first half wave plate, a first quarter wave plate, a polarization beam splitter, the optical isolator and a second half wave plate and then enters a filter, wherein the filter is a dispersion-adjustable programmable filter formed by a diffraction grating, a cylindrical lens and a digital micro-mirror device; the distance between the digital micro-mirror device and the cylindrical lens is equal to the focal length of the cylindrical lens; after the light beam is diffracted by the diffraction grating, the spectrum is transversely unfolded, and the light beam reaches the digital micro-mirror device after passing through the cylindrical lens; the signal light is subjected to spectrum modulation by the digital micro mirror device and then sequentially returns to the cylindrical lens and the diffraction grating, and sequentially passes through the third total reflection mirror, the second quarter wave plate, the second reflection mirror group, the third dichroic mirror, the fourth dichroic mirror and the third aspheric lens and then returns to the gain optical fiber, so that a ring cavity is formed.
Further, the first reflecting mirror group and the second reflecting mirror group are respectively formed by a plurality of total reflecting mirrors. The gain fiber is ytterbium-doped large-mode-field photonic crystal fiber or ytterbium-doped double-clad fiber.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the filter formed by combining the diffraction grating, the cylindrical lens and the DMD has the advantages that the filter center wavelength and the filter bandwidth are controlled through programming, the wide tuning range and the high spectral resolution are realized, and the accuracy is high; meanwhile, the group delay dispersion can be continuously adjusted from positive to negative by changing the distance between the grating and the cylindrical lens through back and forth movement, so that the method is convenient to operate and is favorable for adjusting and optimizing the output parameters of the laser. Because of the high DMD damage threshold, the same average power in the watt order and monopulse energy in the hundred-nals can be easily tolerated as with the same optically coated mirror. The DMD has low cost, so the laser has simple structure and low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a programmable controlled ultra-short pulse fiber laser based on DMD of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing analysis of dispersion characteristics of a dispersion tunable programmable filter according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of group velocity dispersion as a function of spacing between the grating and the cylindrical lens in an embodiment.
In the figure:
1-diode pumped laser source 2-first aspheric lens 3-first bicolor mirror
4-second aspheric lens 5-gain fiber 6-second dichroic mirror
7-first total reflection mirror 8-second total reflection mirror 9-first quarter wave plate
10-first half-wave plate 11-polarizing beam splitter 12-optical isolator
13-second half-wave plate 14-third total reflection mirror 15-diffraction grating
16-cylindrical lens 17-DMD 18-second quarter wave plate
19-fourth total reflection mirror 20-third dichroic mirror 21-fourth dichroic mirror
22-third aspherical lens
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments, which are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The design idea of the invention is as follows: based on the annular cavity structure, stable mode locking is realized by means of a nonlinear polarization rotation technology and a spectrum filter. The spectral filter consists of diffraction grating, cylindrical lens and DMD, and the central wavelength and filtering bandwidth of spectral filter may be controlled precisely through programming and the dispersion amount may be regulated continuously from positive to negative.
The invention provides a programmable control ultra-short pulse fiber laser based on a DMD, which comprises a pumping light path and a resonant cavity.
As shown in fig. 1, pump light output from a diode pump laser source 1 with multimode fiber output sequentially passes through a first aspheric lens 2, a first dichroic mirror 3 and a second aspheric lens 4 and is injected into a gain fiber 5. The gain fiber 5 is ytterbium-doped large-mode-field photonic crystal fiber or ytterbium-doped double-clad fiber.
An optical isolator 12 for ensuring unidirectional operation of signal light is arranged in the resonant cavity; the signal light output by the gain optical fiber 5 passes through the second aspheric lens 4, sequentially passes through the first dichroic mirror 3, the second dichroic mirror 6 and the first reflecting mirror group, then passes through the first half-wave plate 9, the first quarter-wave plate 10, the polarization beam splitter 11, the optical isolator 12 and the second half-wave plate 13, and then enters a filter, wherein the filter is a dispersion-adjustable programmable filter formed by a diffraction grating 15, a cylindrical lens 16 and a Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) 17; the distance between the DMD17 and the lenticular lens 16 is equal to the focal length of the lenticular lens 16; after being diffracted by the diffraction grating 15, the light beam is spread transversely, passes through the cylindrical lens 16 and reaches the DMD17; the signal light is subjected to spectrum modulation by the DMD and then sequentially returns to the cylindrical lens 16 and the diffraction grating 15, and then sequentially passes through the third total reflection mirror 14 and then passes through the second quarter wave plate 18, the second reflection mirror group, the third dichroic mirror 20, the fourth dichroic mirror 21, and the third aspheric lens 22 to return to the gain optical fiber 5, thereby forming a ring cavity.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first reflecting mirror group is composed of a first total reflecting mirror 7 and a second total reflecting mirror 8, and of course, the present invention is not limited to this structure, and can be set according to the direction of the light path; similarly, although the second mirror group in the embodiment of the present invention includes only the fourth total reflection mirror 19, it may be set according to the direction of the optical path.
In addition, the first half-wave plate 9 and the first quarter-wave plate 10 in the resonator can be transposed without affecting the implementation of the invention.
The DMD employed in the present invention is a digital micromirror device developed by Texas Instruments (TI) in the united states, which is a two-dimensional array of micromirrors and can independently control each micromirror to rotate 12 degrees in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction along its diagonal, thereby controlling the light return direction on each micromirror.
The implementation of the filtering effect of the programmable filter with adjustable chromatic dispersion in the invention is as follows: each spectral component of the signal light is imaged on the DMD17 in the lateral direction after passing through the diffraction grating 15 and the cylindrical lens 16, and thus the spectral components on each column of the DMD17 can be respectively intensity-modulated. By loading the corresponding modulation image on the DMD17, a filtering effect with adjustable center wavelength and bandwidth can be achieved.
The dispersion characteristics of the dispersion-tunable programmable filter of the present invention are analyzed as follows. Since the DMD17 itself corresponds to a blazed grating, the extra angular dispersion introduced by the DMD17 needs to be taken into account.
Let the incident light have a center wavelength lambda 0 ，θ 0 The period of the diffraction grating 15 is d, which is the littrow angle of the diffraction grating 15 G The focal length of the cylindrical lens 16 is f, and the equivalent grating period of the DMD17 is d D The incident light corresponds to the m-order diffraction order of DMD17, and γ is the littrow angle corresponding to DMD 17. Note that as described above, the distance OH between the DMD17 and the cylindrical lens 16 is always kept at the focal length f of the cylindrical lens 16.
Analysis is performed by ray tracing, as shown in FIG. 2, in which incident light intersects the diffraction grating 15 at A, θ 0 Is the angle between the incident light and the normal of the diffraction grating 15, and θ 0 The size is equal to the littrow angle of the grating.
For incident light center wavelength lambda 0 To be specific, assuming that it is diffracted by the diffraction grating 15 and then intersects the cylindrical lens 16 at the center O point of the cylindrical lens 16, and then is transmitted along a straight line and intersects the DMD17 at the H point, since the incident light is incident along the littrow angle, the angle between AH and the normal line of the diffraction grating 15 is also θ as shown by the grating diffraction formula 0 。
The arbitrary wavelength λ in the spectral component of the signal light is analyzed as follows: for a light ray with wavelength λ, it is assumed that it is diffracted by the diffraction grating 15, then intersects the cylindrical lens 16 at point B, propagates in the AB direction, is refracted by the cylindrical lens 16, then intersects the DMD17 at point C, is diffracted by the DMD17, then intersects the cylindrical lens 16 at point D, is refracted by the cylindrical lens 16, then intersects the diffraction grating 15 at point E, and is diffracted by the diffraction grating 15 to exit.
Assuming that the extension of BC intersects with the extension of AH at point F, the extension of CD intersects with AH at point G.
Wherein the method comprises the steps of
θ 0 It can be found by the littrow condition of the grating, i.e. the angle of incidence is equal to the diffraction angle.
Gamma can be found by the littrow condition for DMD17, i.e. the angle of incidence is equal to the diffraction angle.
θ 1 The included angle between AB and AH can be obtained by a grating diffraction formula.
θ 2 The included angle between BC and AH parallel lines is equal to BFA, and can be obtained through the transformation relation of the lens.
θ 3 The included angle between CD and AH parallel line is equal to CGH, and can be obtained by diffraction formula corresponding to DMD 17.
θ 4 The included angle between DE and AH parallel line can be obtained by the transformation relation of the lens.
θ 5 The angle between the outgoing light and the normal of the diffraction grating 15 can be determined by the diffraction formula of the grating.
Therefore, for light corresponding to any wavelength λ, the total effective optical path P transmitted in the filter system is:
P＝AB+BC+CD+DE-AE·sinθ 5
order the
l＝OA
d＝OH
l 3 ＝OG
As a result of:
2sinθ 0 ＝λ/d G
sinθ 0 +sin(θ 0 +θ 1 )＝λ/d G
θ 2 ＝(1-l/f)·θ 1
2sinγ＝mλ 0 /d D
sin(γ-θ 3 )+sin(θ 2 +γ)＝mλ 0 /d D
AB＝l/cosθ 1
CD＝BC·cosθ 2 /cosθ 3
sinθ 5 +sin(θ 0 +θ 4 )＝λ/d G
the optical path P can be found using the above formula. Assuming that the phase size of the emergent light is phi, the frequency size is omega and the light speed is c after passing through the filter system, the group delay is generated after the light passes through the systemSecond order dispersion->The method comprises the following steps of:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
ω＝2π·λ/c
taking a 1200/mm diffraction grating 15, a cylindrical lens 16 with f=15 cm and a DMD17 with DLP4500 as an example, the relationship of group velocity dispersion with the distance between the grating and the cylindrical lens can be obtained by the formula (1), and fig. 3 shows the relationship of group velocity dispersion with the distance between the grating and the cylindrical lens in this embodiment, it can be seen that the continuous adjustment of group delay dispersion from positive to negative can be achieved by changing the distance between the grating and the cylindrical lens by moving back and forth.
Furthermore, the dispersion adjustment function and the filtering function of the filter system do not affect each other. Since the diffraction angle of the monochromatic light component with a certain wavelength is the same after passing through the diffraction grating 15, no matter how the distance between the diffraction grating 15 and the cylindrical lens 16 changes in the process of adjusting dispersion, as long as the distance between the DMD17 and the cylindrical lens 16 is kept exactly equal to the focal length of the cylindrical lens 16, the spectrum can be imaged on the DMD17 accurately, and the intensity modulation is performed on each spectrum component by controlling the DMD17 through a computer, thereby realizing the filtering function.
In conclusion, the laser provided by the invention can realize the accurate tuning of the output ultrashort pulse and the control of the filtering bandwidth through programming, can continuously adjust the dispersion in the cavity in a large range, and is convenient to operate and wide in application range.
Although the invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many modifications may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, which fall within the protection of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A programmable control ultra-short pulse fiber laser based on a digital micro-mirror device comprises a pumping light path and a resonant cavity;
the pump light output by a diode pump laser source (1) with multimode fiber output sequentially passes through a first aspheric lens (2), a first dichroic mirror (3) and a second aspheric lens (4) and then is injected into a gain fiber (5);
an optical isolator (12) for ensuring unidirectional operation of the signal light is arranged in the resonant cavity; the signal light output by the gain fiber (5) passes through the second aspheric lens (4), sequentially passes through the first dichroic mirror (3), the second dichroic mirror (6) and the first reflecting mirror group, passes through the first half wave plate (9), the first quarter wave plate (10), the polarization beam splitter (11), the optical isolator (12) and the second half wave plate (13) and then enters a filter,
the filter is a programmable filter with adjustable chromatic dispersion, which consists of a diffraction grating (15), a cylindrical lens (16) and a digital micro-mirror device (17); -the distance between the digital micromirror device (17) and the cylindrical lens (16) is equal to the focal length of the cylindrical lens (16); the light beam is diffracted by the diffraction grating (15), the spectrum is transversely unfolded, and the light beam reaches the digital micro-mirror device (17) after passing through the cylindrical lens (16); the signal light is subjected to spectrum modulation by the digital micro-mirror device and then sequentially returns to the cylindrical lens (16) and the diffraction grating (15), and sequentially passes through a third total reflection mirror (14) and then passes through a second quarter wave plate (18), a second reflection mirror group, a third dichroic mirror (20), a fourth dichroic mirror (21) and a third aspheric lens (22) to return to the gain optical fiber (5), so that a ring cavity is formed;
the first reflecting mirror group and the second reflecting mirror group are respectively formed by a plurality of total reflecting mirrors;
the gain fiber (5) is ytterbium-doped large-mode-field photonic crystal fiber or ytterbium-doped double-clad fiber.
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| JPH11231249A (en) * | 1998-02-18 | 1999-08-27 | Asahi Optical Co Ltd | Light beam modulation device |
| CN103022860A (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2013-04-03 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | Tunable ytterbium-doping double-clad fiber mode-locked laser |
| CN104458696A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-03-25 | 天津大学 | Digital micro-mirror element based micro curing raman spectrometer |
| CN105954832A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2016-09-21 | 宁波大学 | Chalcogenide fiber grating maskless preparation device and method |
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2017
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11231249A (en) * | 1998-02-18 | 1999-08-27 | Asahi Optical Co Ltd | Light beam modulation device |
| CN103022860A (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2013-04-03 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | Tunable ytterbium-doping double-clad fiber mode-locked laser |
| CN104458696A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-03-25 | 天津大学 | Digital micro-mirror element based micro curing raman spectrometer |
| CN105954832A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2016-09-21 | 宁波大学 | Chalcogenide fiber grating maskless preparation device and method |
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| 多点侧面泵浦双包层光纤激光器的对称夹层结构;张帆;王春灿;宁提纲;耿蕊;简水生;;强激光与粒子束(第04期);全文 * |
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