CN107246249B - Cage type well drilling plugging device and well drilling plugging method - Google Patents
Cage type well drilling plugging device and well drilling plugging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107246249B CN107246249B CN201710665100.XA CN201710665100A CN107246249B CN 107246249 B CN107246249 B CN 107246249B CN 201710665100 A CN201710665100 A CN 201710665100A CN 107246249 B CN107246249 B CN 107246249B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a cage type well drilling plugging device and a well drilling plugging method, relates to the technical field of petroleum well drilling, and aims to provide a cage type well drilling plugging device and a well drilling plugging method capable of improving well drilling plugging success rate. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the cage sleeve type well drilling plugging device comprises a continuous small oil pipe, an expansion sleeve, a cage sleeve and a sealing sleeve, wherein the continuous small oil pipe is connected with the expansion sleeve; the cage sleeve comprises a cage column and a locking ring, wherein a ratchet wheel, a pawl and a clamp are respectively arranged at two ends of the locking ring, and the ratchet wheel and the pawl enable the locking ring to expand only; the sealing sleeve is sleeved outside the cage sleeve, and the expansion sleeve is positioned in the cage sleeve. Hanging the whole cage sleeve on a continuous small oil pipe by using gas injection expansion of the expansion sleeve, and then sending the continuous small oil pipe to a plugging point of a well drilling; the expansion sleeve continues to inject air, and the cage sleeve and the sealing sleeve are locked on the repair and expansion section well wall cylinder; and the expansion sleeve is taken out after being exhausted, and finally, the leakage section is subjected to cement leakage blocking solidification, so that the leakage blocking position is improved, and the leakage blocking success rate is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling, in particular to a cage type well drilling plugging device and a well drilling plugging method.
Background
In drilling engineering, lost circulation is the phenomenon of drilling fluid leaking into the formation from the wellbore. Lost circulation often occurs during drilling or tripping, which is a commonly occurring and frequently encountered complex problem in petroleum and gas drilling. Underground accidents caused by lost circulation are complex, and the damage to drilling and well completion construction is extremely great, so that the underground accidents are always a very concerned problem in the petroleum engineering world at home and abroad.
In the drilling operation, once lost circulation occurs, the time is delayed, the drilling fluid is lost, the oil and gas layer is damaged, geological logging work is disturbed, well wall instability can be caused, a series of complex conditions and accidents such as well collapse, drilling sticking and blowout are caused, even the well is scrapped, and great economic loss is caused. When a loss occurs at a downhole zone, the handling of the loss becomes more complex, affecting the post-production yield and reducing the recovery of the reservoir if the loss is not properly handled and the zone is easily damaged.
Three conditions for lost circulation to occur are: the first, liquid column pressure in the well bore is greater than the fluid pressure in the formation pores, cracks or karst cave, and there is a positive pressure differential across the formation. And secondly, a leakage channel and a larger space which is enough to contain drilling fluid exist in the stratum. And the opening size of the third leakage channel is larger than the particle size of the solid phase in the external working fluid.
In China, lost circulation treatment by using lost circulation materials is started as early as 60 th century 20, and some basic research works are carried out. The development and application of the plugging material have been greatly developed for decades, especially over 10 years, and on the basis of conventional cement plugging and bridging material plugging, tens of plugging materials of a few kinds such as novel composite bridging plugging agents, efficient water loss plugging agents, temporary plugging agents, chemical plugging agents, single pressure sealing agents and the like are developed. However, these plugging materials suffer from the following disadvantages: most plugging materials are potentially damaging to the producing zone. In addition, besides cement, the plugging strength of other plugging materials is not high, and the plugging materials can be leaked again due to high pressure difference in drilling, and the defects of long construction period, repeated construction and the like exist.
At present, common plugging methods are bridging plugging and cement plugging. In the cement plugging process, when the cement slurry plugs cracks and the karst cave leaks out of the stratum, the initial setting time and the final setting time are difficult to master, the construction risk is high, the problems of quick leakage of the cement slurry with high density and quick solidification of the quick setting cement slurry are easy to occur, and underground accidents such as drilling tool fixation and drilling sticking are caused, so that great economic loss is caused. The bridging leakage blocking is mainly characterized in that various leakage blocking materials are used for preparing leakage blocking slurry according to a certain proportion, so that cracks and pore channels are blocked, and a leakage blocking layer is blocked through the actions of bridging, supporting, connecting, blocking, filling and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a cage type well drilling plugging device capable of improving the plugging success rate aiming at the working condition of leakage mud of a gap or a small hole in the well drilling construction process.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the cage sleeve type well drilling plugging device comprises a continuous small oil pipe, an expansion sleeve, a cage sleeve and a sealing sleeve, wherein the continuous small oil pipe is connected with the expansion sleeve; the cage sleeve comprises a plurality of cage columns with equal length, and a locking ring which is cylindrical and is formed by connecting the cage columns, wherein at least two rings of the locking ring are respectively provided with an adaptive ratchet wheel, a pawl and a clip at two ends of the locking ring, and the ratchet wheel and the pawl enable the locking ring to expand only; the sealing sleeve is sleeved outside the cage sleeve, the expansion sleeve is positioned in the cage sleeve, and the expandable maximum diameter of the expansion sleeve is larger than the diameter of the cage sleeve.
Further is: the plane of the locking ring is perpendicular to the length direction of the cage columns, and the cage columns are parallel to each other.
Further is: the locking rings are connected to the outer sides of the cage columns through clamp welding, and the distance between every two adjacent locking rings is 400mm.
Further is: the expansion sleeve is formed by connecting a plurality of same expansion sub-sleeves in series, two ends of each expansion sub-sleeve are respectively provided with a matched joint, two adjacent expansion sub-sleeves are connected by a connecting pipe, the expansion sub-sleeve at the head end is connected with a continuous small oil pipe, and the expansion sub-sleeve at the tail end is closed by blocking.
The invention also provides a well drilling plugging method, which solves the problem that the plugging success rate is not high by adopting the existing plugging method when the working condition of slurry leakage of a gap or a small hole is met in the drilling process, and adopts the following technical scheme: the well drilling plugging method is implemented by any one of the cage type well drilling plugging device, and comprises the following steps:
s1, detecting the depth and the range of slurry leakage of a gap or a small hole in a well drilling, and determining the position of a plugging section;
s2, expanding the plugging section to obtain an expanded section after expanding, wherein the diameter of a well wall cylinder of the expanded section is larger than that of an original well wall cylinder, and the upper end and the lower end of the expanded section respectively exceed the plugging section;
s3, taking the length of the cage column and blanking according to the length of the plugging section, and then assembling and welding the locking ring on the cage column by using a clamp to obtain a cage sleeve;
s4, cutting the sealing sleeve to enable the length of the sealing sleeve to be consistent with that of the cage sleeve, and fully sleeving the sealing sleeve outside the cage sleeve;
s5, placing an expansion sleeve in the cage sleeve, and connecting the expansion sleeve with the continuous small oil pipe; the continuous small oil pipe is used for inflating the expansion sleeve, so that the sealing sleeve, the cage sleeve and the expansion sleeve are all tightly attached, and the outer diameter of the sealing sleeve is smaller than the inner diameter of the drilling sleeve at the moment;
s6, using a continuous small oil pipe to send the whole cage sleeve into the expansion section from the well mouth of the well, then inflating the expansion sleeve through the continuous small oil pipe, and expanding the expansion sleeve to drive the cage sleeve and the sealing sleeve to expand until the outer diameter of the sealing sleeve reaches the diameter of the well wall barrel of the expansion section;
s7, exhausting and decompressing the expansion sleeve through the continuous small oil pipe, and taking out the expansion sleeve and the continuous small oil pipe;
s8, cement plugging and solidifying are carried out on the repairing section.
Specifically, the diameter of the expanding section well wall cylinder is at least 25mm larger than that of the original well wall cylinder, and the upper end and the lower end of the expanding section respectively exceed the plugging section by at least 300mm.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the whole cage sleeve can be hung on the continuous small oil pipe by utilizing the tension of the sealing sleeve and the expansion force of the expansion sleeve under the action of compressed air, and the expansion sleeve, the cage sleeve and the sealing sleeve can be conveniently and accurately conveyed to the expansion section of the well drilling through the continuous small oil pipe; the ratchet wheels and the pawls are respectively arranged at the two ends of the locking ring of the cage sleeve, the locking ring can only be enlarged but not reduced, and the expansion force generated by continuously inflating the expansion sleeve can easily lock the cage sleeve and the sealing sleeve on the repair and expansion section well wall cylinder, so that the plugging effect is achieved; the expansion sleeve is taken out after exhaust and shrinkage, and the operation is convenient; finally, cement plugging and solidification are carried out on the leaking section, so that the purpose of underground plugging is achieved, the quality of cement plugging can be ensured and the plugging success rate is improved because the plugging position is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the cage type well plugging device of the present invention in use.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the region B in fig. 2.
Parts, parts and numbers in the figures: the continuous small oil pipe 1, the expansion sleeve 2, the expansion sub-sleeve 21, the connecting pipe 22, the plug 23, the cage sleeve 3, the cage column 31, the locking ring 32, the ratchet wheel 32a, the pawl 32b, the clip 33 and the sealing sleeve 4; a repair section 5 and a drilling sleeve 6.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the cage-sleeve type well drilling plugging device comprises a continuous small oil pipe 1, an expansion sleeve 2, a cage sleeve 3 and a sealing sleeve 4, wherein the continuous small oil pipe 1 is connected with the expansion sleeve 2, the expansion sleeve 2 is airtight, and the continuous small oil pipe 1 can be used for injecting air into and exhausting air from the expansion sleeve 2 so as to realize expansion and contraction changes of the expansion sleeve 2. The expansion sleeve 2 may be an integral body, or as shown in fig. 1, the expansion sleeve 2 is formed by connecting a plurality of identical expansion sub-sleeves 21 in series, two ends of the expansion sub-sleeves 21 are respectively provided with a matched joint so as to be connected in series as required, two adjacent expansion sub-sleeves 21 are connected by a connecting pipe 22, wherein the expansion sub-sleeve 21 at the head end is connected with the continuous small oil pipe 1, and the expansion sub-sleeve 21 at the tail end is sealed by a plug 23 so as to ensure the tightness of the whole expansion sleeve 2.
The cage 3 comprises a plurality of cage columns 31 with equal length, and a locking ring 32 which is formed by connecting the cage columns 31 and is cylindrical, wherein at least two rings of the locking ring 32 are arranged, and two ends of the locking ring 32 are respectively provided with an adaptive ratchet wheel 32a, a pawl 32b and a clamp 33, and the ratchet wheel 32a and the pawl 32b enable the locking ring 32 to expand only and not shrink. The plane of the locking ring 32 is perpendicular to the length direction of the cage columns 31, and the cage columns 31 are parallel to each other. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the cage 3 comprises six equal-length cage columns 31, the cage columns 31 are parallel to each other, the cage columns 31 are connected to form the cage 3 through locking rings 32, wherein the locking rings 32 are welded to the outer sides of the cage columns 31 through clips 33. The spacing between adjacent two of the locking rings 32 is determined according to the strength requirement, for example, the spacing between adjacent two of the locking rings 32 is 400mm.
The sealing sleeve 4 is sleeved outside the cage sleeve 3, and the sealing sleeve 4 is directly contacted with the locking ring 32; the expansion sleeve 2 is placed in the cage 3, and the maximum expandable diameter of the expansion sleeve 2 is larger than the diameter of the cage 3.
The well drilling plugging method is implemented by the cage sleeve type well drilling plugging device of the embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
s1, detecting the depth and the range of slurry leakage of a gap or a small hole in a well, and determining the position of a plugging section.
S2, performing expansion repair on the plugging section, and obtaining an expansion repair section 5 after expansion repair, wherein the expansion repair section 5 is provided with a corresponding well wall cylinder, and the expansion repair requirements of the expansion repair section 5 are as follows: the diameter phi 1 of the well wall cylinder of the expanding and repairing section 5 is larger than the diameter phi 2 of the original well wall cylinder, and the upper end and the lower end of the expanding and repairing section 5 respectively exceed the plugging section. As shown in fig. 1, the diameter Φ1 of the well wall cylinder of the repairing section 5 is at least 25mm larger than the diameter Φ2 of the original well wall cylinder, the upper end and the lower end of the repairing section 5 respectively exceed the plugging section by at least 300mm, and the upper end and the lower end of the repairing section 5 respectively exceed the plugging section by 300mm in fig. 1.
S3, taking the length of the cage column 31 according to the length of the plugging section, blanking, and then assembling and welding the locking ring 32 on the cage column 31 by using the clamp 33 to obtain the cage sleeve 3. At this point, the outer diameter of the cage 3 is less than the inner diameter Φ4 of the well casing 6.
S4, cutting the sealing sleeve 4 to enable the length of the sealing sleeve 4 to be consistent with that of the cage sleeve 3, and fully sleeving the sealing sleeve 4 outside the cage sleeve 3.
S5, placing the expansion sleeve 2 in the cage sleeve 3, and connecting the expansion sleeve 2 with the continuous small oil pipe 1; the continuous small oil pipe 1 is used for inflating the expansion sleeve 2, so that the sealing sleeve 4, the cage sleeve 3 and the expansion sleeve 2 are all tightly attached to form a whole, and the outer diameter phi 3 of the sealing sleeve 4 is required to be ensured to be smaller than the inner diameter phi 4 of the drilling sleeve 6. The expansion sleeve 2 is formed by serially connecting expansion sub-sleeves 21, and a proper number of expansion sub-sleeves 21 are serially connected according to the length of the cage sleeve 3.
S6, using the continuous small oil pipe 1, conveying the whole cage sleeve 3 from a well head of the well drilling to a shaft area of the expansion section 5, namely, lowering the whole cage sleeve to a plugging point. And then the continuous small oil pipe 1 continuously inflates the expansion sleeve 2, the expansion sleeve 2 continuously expands to drive the cage sleeve 3 and the sealing sleeve 4 to expand, the ratchet wheel 32a and the pawl 32b of the locking ring 32 are misplaced and expanded until the outer diameter of the sealing sleeve 4 reaches the diameter phi 1 of the well wall barrel of the expansion section 5, and the inflation is stopped. The expansion force generated by the inflation of the expansion sleeve 2 can easily lock the cage sleeve 3 and the sealing sleeve 4 on the repair and expansion section well wall cylinder, so as to achieve the function of plugging; moreover, the cage 3 and the sealing sleeve 4 cannot be contracted again.
S7, exhausting and decompressing the expansion sleeve 2 through the small continuous oil pipe 1, and taking out the expansion sleeve 2 through the small continuous oil pipe 1.
S8, cement plugging and solidifying are carried out on the repairing section 5. Because the plugging position is improved, the quality of cement plugging can be ensured, and the plugging success rate is improved.
Claims (5)
1. The well drilling plugging method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method is implemented by a cage type well drilling plugging device and comprises the following steps of:
s1, detecting the depth and the range of slurry leakage of a gap or a small hole in a well drilling, and determining the position of a plugging section;
s2, performing expansion repair on the plugging section to obtain an expansion repair section (5), wherein the diameter (phi 1) of a well wall cylinder of the expansion repair section (5) is larger than the diameter (phi 2) of an original well wall cylinder, and the upper end and the lower end of the expansion repair section (5) respectively exceed the plugging section;
s3, taking the length of the cage column (31) and blanking according to the length of the plugging section, and then assembling and welding the locking ring (32) on the cage column (31) by using the clamp (33) to obtain the cage sleeve (3);
s4, cutting the sealing sleeve (4) to enable the length of the sealing sleeve (4) to be consistent with that of the cage sleeve (3), and fully sleeving the sealing sleeve (4) outside the cage sleeve (3);
s5, placing the expansion sleeve (2) in the cage sleeve (3), and connecting the expansion sleeve (2) with the continuous small oil pipe (1); the expansion sleeve (2) is inflated through the continuous small oil pipe (1), so that the sealing sleeve (4), the cage sleeve (3) and the expansion sleeve (2) are all tightly attached, and the outer diameter (phi 3) of the sealing sleeve (4) is smaller than the inner diameter (phi 4) of the drilling sleeve (6) at the moment;
s6, using the continuous small oil pipe (1), conveying the whole cage sleeve (3) from a well mouth of a well to the expansion section (5), then inflating the expansion sleeve (2) through the continuous small oil pipe (1), expanding the expansion sleeve (2) to drive the cage sleeve (3) and the sealing sleeve (4) to expand until the outer diameter of the sealing sleeve (4) reaches the diameter (phi 1) of a well wall barrel of the expansion section (5);
s7, exhausting and decompressing the expansion sleeve (2) through the continuous small oil pipe (1), and taking out the expansion sleeve (2) and the continuous small oil pipe (1);
s8, performing cement plugging solidification on the repairing section (5);
the cage type well drilling plugging device comprises a continuous small oil pipe (1), an expansion sleeve (2), a cage sleeve (3) and a sealing sleeve (4), wherein the continuous small oil pipe (1) is connected with the expansion sleeve (2), and the expansion sleeve (2) is airtight; the cage sleeve (3) comprises a plurality of cage columns (31) with equal length, and a locking ring (32) which is cylindrical and is formed by connecting the cage columns (31), wherein the locking ring (32) is at least two rings, two ends of the locking ring (32) are respectively provided with an adaptive ratchet wheel (32 a), a pawl (32 b) and a clamp (33), and the ratchet wheel (32 a) and the pawl (32 b) enable the locking ring (32) to expand only; the sealing sleeve (4) is sleeved outside the cage sleeve (3), the expansion sleeve (2) is positioned in the cage sleeve (3), and the expandable maximum diameter of the expansion sleeve (2) is larger than the diameter of the cage sleeve (3).
2. The method of lost circulation drilling of claim 1, wherein: the plane of the locking ring (32) is perpendicular to the length direction of the cage columns (31), and the cage columns (31) are parallel to each other.
3. The method of lost circulation drilling of claim 2, wherein: the locking rings (32) are connected with the outer sides of the cage columns (31) through clips (33) in a welding mode, and the distance between every two adjacent locking rings (32) is 400mm.
4. The method of lost circulation drilling of claim 1, wherein: the expansion sleeve (2) is formed by connecting a plurality of same expansion sub-sleeves (21) in series, two ends of each expansion sub-sleeve (21) are respectively provided with a matched joint, two adjacent expansion sub-sleeves (21) are connected through a connecting pipe (22), the expansion sub-sleeve (21) at the head end is connected with the continuous small oil pipe (1), and the expansion sub-sleeve (21) at the tail end is sealed through a plug (23).
5. A method of plugging a well according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: in S2, the diameter (phi 1) of the well wall cylinder of the expanding and repairing section (5) is at least 25mm larger than the diameter (phi 2) of the original well wall cylinder, and the upper end and the lower end of the expanding and repairing section (5) respectively exceed the plugging section by at least 300mm.
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| CN201710665100.XA CN107246249B (en) | 2017-08-07 | 2017-08-07 | Cage type well drilling plugging device and well drilling plugging method |
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| CN107246249B true CN107246249B (en) | 2023-05-26 |
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| CN112832707B (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2023-03-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Hydraulic expansion type leakage stopping tool and leakage stopping method thereof |
| CN112855067B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2022-11-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Mechanical expansion type leakage stopping tool and leakage stopping method thereof |
| CN114673482B (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-10-11 | 无锡工艺职业技术学院 | Portable system of patrolling and examining in 5G wisdom colliery |
| CN114635665B (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-02 | 西安石油大学 | Oil drilling plugging device |
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| CA2597565A1 (en) * | 2005-02-11 | 2006-08-17 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | One trip cemented expandable monobore liner system and method |
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