CN107245634A - A kind of preparation method of automobile steel - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of automobile steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN107245634A CN107245634A CN201710388768.4A CN201710388768A CN107245634A CN 107245634 A CN107245634 A CN 107245634A CN 201710388768 A CN201710388768 A CN 201710388768A CN 107245634 A CN107245634 A CN 107245634A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/006—Making ferrous alloys compositions used for making ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of automobile steel preparation method, comprise the following steps:(1) when electric furnace is heated to 1,100 1200 DEG C, by weight, 100 120 parts of Fe iron powders are added into electric furnace, oxygen supply decarburization, insulation;(2) continue to heat, during to 1,400 1500 DEG C, by weight, 26 parts of C of following component, 0.1 0.5 parts of Mn, 0.1 1 parts of Pb, 0.5 0.8 parts of Si, 10 13 parts of Al, 1.5 3 parts of Cr, 0.05 0.1 parts of S, 0.1 0.2 parts of W, 0.05 0.3 parts of V are added in electric furnace, insulation, obtains aluminium alloy;(3) aluminium alloy is transferred in refining furnace, carries out deoxidation, dephosphorization, deslagging processing, be cooled to 1,000 1100 DEG C, add 0.01 0.02 parts of graphenes, be incubated, casting obtains finished product.Steel plate prepared by the present invention has high intensity, and good toughness can be used as body of a motor car steel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steel preparation method, more particularly to a kind of preparation method of automobile steel.
Background technology
Automobile steel species is various, the development of auto industry, and ferrous materials are proposed with higher requirement, but in steel
Other components for improving performance of middle increase are easy to crack during steel punch welding, influence product quality, in addition
Al is oxidized to and also there is smelting cycle length, tapping process aluminium in automobile steel2O3Particulate inclusion, influences the homogeneity of steel.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention:The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of automobile steel, increases the toughness of automobile steel.
Technical scheme:A kind of automobile steel preparation method of the present invention, comprises the following steps:(1) electric furnace is heated to
At 1100-1200 DEG C, 100-120 parts of Fe iron powders are added into electric furnace, oxygen supply decarburization, insulation;(2) continue to heat, to 1400-1500
DEG C when, by weight, by 2-6 parts C, 0.1-0.5 parts Mn, 0.1-1 parts Pb, 0.5-0.8 parts Si, 10-13 parts of Al of following component,
1.5-3 parts Cr, 0.05-0.1 parts S, 0.1-0.2 parts W, 0.05-0.3 parts of V are added in electric furnace, insulation, obtain aluminium alloy;(3)
Aluminium alloy is transferred in refining furnace, deoxidation, dephosphorization, deslagging processing is carried out, is cooled to 1000-1100 DEG C, adds 0.01-0.02
Part graphene, is incubated, and casting obtains finished product.
Further, step (1) described soaking time is 20-40min.
Further, step (2) described soaking time is 25-30min.
Further, step (3) described soaking time is 10-15min.
Further, step (3) described deoxidation is so that oxygen content is less than 600ppm.
Further, step (3) described dephosphorization is so that phosphorus content is less than 0.005%.
Further, by weight, each component consumption is in the automobile steel preparation process that prepared by the present invention:110-
120 parts Fe, 3-4 parts C, 0.2-0.4 parts Mn, 0.3-0.8 parts Pb, 0.6-0.8 parts Si, 11-12 parts Al, 1.5-2 parts of Cr, 0.06-
0.08 part S, 0.12-0.18 parts W, 0.1-0.2 parts V and 0.012-0.018 parts of graphenes.
Further, by weight, each component consumption is in the automobile steel preparation process that prepared by the present invention:110 parts
Fe, 2.8 parts of C, 0.3 part of Mn, 0.5 part of Pb, 0.7 part of Si, 11.6 parts of Al, 1.6 parts of Cr, 0.07 part of S, 0.15 part of W, 0.15 part of V and
0.015 part of graphene.
Mn acting as in steel improves the quenching degree of steel, plays solution strengthening effect, increases the intensity and hardness of steel, still
Mn too high levels, then can increase the superheated susceptivity of steel.
Pb act as reducing fatigue strength.But Pb content needs strictly to be controlled, too high levels can then reduce steel
Impact flexibility, and the plasticity of reduction steel within the specific limits, can be very good to increase the fatigue durability of steel, and do not result in
The reduction of steel plasticity.
Si can reduce the anisotropy tendency of crystal in the present invention primarily as deoxidier, increase steel
Intensity, heat resistance and wearability, in common steel, the content of silicon is usually more than 0.4%, and the content of silicon is improper, can be broken
The continuity of bad steel, and the particle incompatible with steel can be formed, increase the abrasion of Steel material.
As deoxidier, degasser and compact agent, Al is generated with oxygen in the present invention by Al2O3, AlN is formed with N, generation
AlN is that small and dispersed is distributed in steel, improves the combination property of steel, but Al content is too high, the Al of formation2O3Then can not
Merged well with steel, reduce the homogeneity of steel, influence the wearability of steel, by repeated screening, added in preparation process of the present invention
Enter parts by weight for 10-13 part Al, can form that particle diameter is small, the homogeneous diffusing particle of distribution solves Al and is oxidized to form particle
The situation being mingled with.
Cr adds the quenching degree of steel in the present invention, improves intensity, hardness and the toughness of steel, improves the comprehensive of steel
Can, the C-shaped with the present invention can be very good to increase wearability, inoxidizability, the corrosion resistance of steel into compound.
W adds steel belt roof bolt stability, heat resistance and wearability, improves creep resisting ability of the steel in high temperature, but W
Too high levels, easily with the compound of the other compositions such as C, Fe in component formation too high levels, influence the wearability of steel.
V mainly improves the wearability and resistance to elevated temperatures of steel in the present invention, while also having the effect for improving hardness of steel.
C-shaped in V and component into compound to improving the hardness and wearability effect of steel substantially, while the compound can be with steel very
Good fusion, the steel that will not be caused because of particle dispersion it is uneven.
It can be very good to increase the hardness of steel in the addition steel of graphene, be widely used in vehicle anticollision shell, but
The characteristic for being graphene is difficult to be combined well with steel, and the present invention adds a small amount of sulphur, and work as temperature in steelmaking process
At 1000-1100 DEG C, graphene can be very good to be combined with ferrous materials.But S exists usually as harmful components, S contains
Amount is too high, increases the plasticity of steel, but can destroy the continuity of steel, easily produces the harmful effects such as hot tearing, therefore S content need to be tight
Lattice are controlled.
Beneficial effect:The present invention prepares that steel is homogeneous, with good toughness, hardness and shock resistance.
Embodiment
First, raw material and detection method
1st, raw material sources
The design parameter for the raw material that the present invention is used is as follows:
C powder (about 1 μm);Mn is 0.6-1.2mm, purchased from the very lucky Meng Ye Co., Ltds in Leiyang;Pb granularities are 200-300 mesh,
Cr granularities are 80-325 mesh, and W granularities are 200 mesh, and V granularities are 100 mesh, purchased from Beijing Xing Rongyuan Science and Technology Ltd.s;Si granularities
For 1000 mesh, reached the clouds Gui Ye Co., Ltds purchased from Xuzhou;Graphene is purchased from Along Qingdao Coast Area carbon material Co., Ltd;Remaining raw material is equal
For gained purchased in market.
2nd, detection method
2-1 Determination of Hardness
With reference to《GB/T230.1-2009 metal material Rockwell hardness test part 1s:Test method》
2-2 tension tests
With reference to《The metal material stretching test room temperature test methods of GB/T 228》
2-3 impact tests
With reference to《GB/T 229-2007 metal material Charpy pendulum impact test methods》
2nd, sample preparation
Embodiment 1:When electric furnace is heated to 1100 DEG C, 100 parts of Fe iron powders are added into electric furnace, oxygen supply decarburization is incubated 20min;
Continue to heat, during to 1400 DEG C, by weight, add 2 parts of C, 0.1 part of Mn, 0.1 part of Pb, 0.5 part of Si, 10 parts of Al, 1.5 parts
Cr, 0.05 part of S, 0.1 part of W, 0.05 part of V are added in electric furnace, are incubated 25min, are obtained aluminium alloy;Aluminium alloy is transferred to refining
In stove, deoxidation so that oxygen content is less than 600ppm, dephosphorization so that phosphorus content is less than 0.005%, and deslagging is cooled to 1000-
1100 DEG C, 0.01 part of graphene is added, 10min is incubated, casting obtains finished product..
Embodiment 2:When electric furnace is heated to 1200 DEG C, 120 parts of Fe iron powders are added into electric furnace, oxygen supply decarburization is incubated 40min;
Continue to heat, during to 1500 DEG C, by weight, by 4 parts of C of following component, 0.4 part of Mn, 0.8 part of Pb, 0.8 part of Si, 12 parts of Al,
2 parts of Cr, 0.08 part of S, 0.18 part of W, 0.2 part of V are added in electric furnace, are incubated 30min, are obtained aluminium alloy;Aluminium alloy is transferred to
In refining furnace, deoxidation so that oxygen content is less than 600ppm, dephosphorization so that phosphorus content is less than 0.005%, and deslagging is cooled to
1100 DEG C, 0.02 part of graphene is added, 15min is incubated, casting obtains finished product..
Embodiment 3:When electric furnace is heated to 1200 DEG C, 100 parts of Fe iron powders are added into electric furnace, oxygen supply decarburization is incubated 40min;
Continue to heat, during to 1500 DEG C, by weight, by 3 parts of C of following component, 0.2 part of Mn, 0.3 part of Pb, 0.6 part of Si, 11 parts of Al,
1.5 parts of Cr, 0.06 part of S, 0.12 part of W, 0.1 part of V are added in electric furnace, are incubated 25min, are obtained aluminium alloy;Aluminium alloy is shifted
Into refining furnace, deoxidation so that oxygen content is less than 600ppm, dephosphorization so that phosphorus content is less than 0.005%, and deslagging is cooled to
1100 DEG C, 0.012 part of graphene is added, is incubated, casting obtains finished product..
Embodiment 4:When electric furnace is heated to 1200 DEG C, 120 parts of Fe iron powders are added into electric furnace, oxygen supply decarburization is incubated 30min;
Continue to heat, during to 1500 DEG C, by weight, by 2.8 parts of C of following component, 0.3 part of Mn, 0.5 part of Pb, 0.7 part of Si, 11.6
Part Al, 1.6 parts of Cr, 0.07 part of S, 0.15 part of W, 0.15 part of V are added in electric furnace, are incubated 25min, are obtained aluminium alloy;By alloy
Liquid is transferred in refining furnace, deoxidation so that oxygen content is less than 600ppm, dephosphorization so that phosphorus content is less than 0.005%, deslagging,
1100 DEG C are cooled to, 0.015 part of graphene is added, is incubated, casting obtains finished product..
Embodiment 5:When electric furnace is heated to 1200 DEG C, 120 parts of Fe iron powders are added into electric furnace, oxygen supply decarburization is incubated 40min;
Continue to heat, during to 1500 DEG C, by weight, by 4 parts of C of following component, 0.4 part of Mn, 0.8 part of Pb, 0.8 part of Si, 12 parts of Al,
2 parts of Cr, 0.08 part of S, 0.18 part of W, 0.2 part of V are added in electric furnace, are incubated 30min, are obtained aluminium alloy;Aluminium alloy is transferred to
In refining furnace, deoxidation so that oxygen content is less than 600ppm, dephosphorization so that phosphorus content is less than 0.005%, and deslagging is cooled to
1050 DEG C, 0.018 part of graphene is added, 12min is incubated, casting obtains finished product..
Embodiment 6:When electric furnace is heated to 1100 DEG C, 100 parts of Fe iron powders are added into electric furnace, oxygen supply decarburization is incubated 30min;
Continue to heat, during to 1400 DEG C, by weight, by 2 parts of C of following component, 0.1 part of Mn, 0.1 part of Pb, 0.5 part of Si, 13 parts of Al,
3 parts of Cr, 0.1 part of S, 0.2 part of W, 0.3 part of V are added in electric furnace, are incubated 30min, are obtained aluminium alloy;Aluminium alloy is transferred to essence
In furnace, deoxidation so that oxygen content is less than 600ppm, dephosphorization so that phosphorus content is less than 0.005%, and deslagging is cooled to 1100
DEG C, 0.015 part of graphene is added, 12min is incubated, casting obtains finished product..
Embodiment 7:When electric furnace is heated to 1200 DEG C, 120 parts of Fe iron powders are added into electric furnace, oxygen supply decarburization is incubated 40min;
Continue to heat, during to 1500 DEG C, by weight, by 6 parts of C of following component, 0.5 part of Mn, 0.1 part of Pb, 0.5 part of Si, 10 parts of Al,
3 parts of Cr, 0.1 part of S, 0.2 part of W, 0.05 part of V are added in electric furnace, are incubated 25min, are obtained aluminium alloy;Aluminium alloy is transferred to essence
In furnace, deoxidation so that oxygen content is less than 600ppm, dephosphorization so that phosphorus content is less than 0.005%, and deslagging is cooled to
1000-1100 DEG C, 0.01 part of graphene is added, 15min is incubated, casting obtains finished product..
Comparative example 1:Without Mn, remaining be the same as Example 4.
Comparative example 2:Without Pb, remaining be the same as Example 4.
Comparative example 3:Without Si, remaining be the same as Example 4.
Comparative example 4:Without Al, remaining be the same as Example 4.
Comparative example 5:Without Cr, remaining be the same as Example 4.
Comparative example 6:Without S, remaining be the same as Example 4.
Comparative example 7:Without W, remaining be the same as Example 4.
Comparative example 8:Without V, remaining be the same as Example 4.
Comparative example 9:Without graphene, no S, remaining be the same as Example 4.
4th, testing result
It can be seen that Mn, Al and graphene influence larger to the hardness of steel by properties of sample measurement result, and by right
Ratio can be seen that the compatibility of instant component significantly improves the overall performance of steel.
In addition, in tensile strength test, determine the contraction percentage of area of each sample, as a result find, comparative example 9 it is disconnected
The basic ungauged regions in face, show graphene and S addition, can increase the plasticity of material, reduce the fragility of steel.Other comparative example 2
The contraction percentage of area with comparative example 7 is respectively 97% and 96%, and the fragility of steel is larger.Comparative example 6 compared with Example 4, shows S
Addition played the performance of graphene well, otherwise graphene can not be combined with steel in itself, can not improve steel material
The hardness of material.
The properties of sample measurement result of table 1
Claims (6)
1. a kind of automobile steel preparation method, comprises the following steps:
(1) when electric furnace is heated to 1100-1200 DEG C, by weight, 100-120 parts of Fe iron powders are added into electric furnaces, oxygen supply decarburization,
Insulation;
(2) continue to heat, during to 1400-1500 DEG C, by weight, by following component 2-6 parts of C, 0.1-0.5 parts of Mn, 0.1-1
Pb, 0.5-0.8 parts Si, 10-13 parts Al, 1.5-3 parts Cr, 0.05-0.1 parts S, 0.1-0.2 parts W, 0.05-0.3 parts of V of part are added to
In electric furnace, insulation obtains aluminium alloy;
(3) aluminium alloy is transferred in refining furnace, carries out deoxidation, dephosphorization, deslagging processing, be cooled to 1000-1100 DEG C, addition
0.01-0.02 parts of graphenes, are incubated, and casting obtains finished product.
2. automobile steel preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (1) described soaking time is 20-
40min。
3. automobile steel preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (2) described soaking time is 25-
30min。
4. automobile steel preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (3) described soaking time is 10-
15min。
5. automobile steel preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (3) described deoxidation is so that oxygen
Content is less than 600ppm.
6. automobile steel preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (3) described dephosphorization is so that phosphorus contains
Amount is less than 0.005%.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115747622A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-03-07 | 唐山市丰润区兴泰耐磨材料有限公司 | Wear-resistant steel ball and preparation method thereof |
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2017
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CN101052731A (en) * | 2004-10-21 | 2007-10-10 | 新日铁高新材料株式会社 | Steel sheet having high AI content and exhibiting excellent workability and method for production thereof |
CN101445864A (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2009-06-03 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing high-intensity and high-plasticity iron steel material with high manganese and aluminum contents |
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CN115747622A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-03-07 | 唐山市丰润区兴泰耐磨材料有限公司 | Wear-resistant steel ball and preparation method thereof |
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