CN107244927A - 一种石墨耐火材料 - Google Patents

一种石墨耐火材料 Download PDF

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CN107244927A
CN107244927A CN201710331355.2A CN201710331355A CN107244927A CN 107244927 A CN107244927 A CN 107244927A CN 201710331355 A CN201710331355 A CN 201710331355A CN 107244927 A CN107244927 A CN 107244927A
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oxide
eutectic
sintering aid
bonding agent
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袁海强
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Changxing County Meishan Industrial Furnace Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种石墨耐火材料，由以下质量份数的材料制成：氧化镁40‑55份、天然石墨粉85‑120份、碳化硅6‑8份、硅酸钠6‑8份、氧化锆30‑40份、烧结助剂7‑8份、结合剂15份与羧甲基丙烯酸铵3‑5份。本发明提高了耐火材料的耐高温性、耐磨性能，热震稳定性、热导率、耐高温腐蚀性等，延长了耐火材料的使用寿命。

Description

一种石墨耐火材料
技术领域
本发明涉及材料技术领域，尤其是一种耐火材料。
背景技术
耐火材料是指耐火度不低于1500℃的一类无机非金属材料，耐火度是指耐火材料锥形体试样在没有荷重的情况下，抵抗高温作用而不软化熔倒的摄氏温度。耐火材料包括天然矿石以及按照一定的工业要求制造，具有一定的高温力学性能、良好的体积稳定性，并且是各种耐高温设备必需的材料。耐火材料广泛应用于化工、石油、冶金、机械制造、动力等工业领域，尤其在冶金工业中用量最大，在高温工业生产发展中起着不可替代的重要作用。
耐火材料作为高温工业装备中的关键部件是实现耐高温设备正常运转的保障，近年来对耐火材料不断提出新的要求，而现有耐火材料耐高温腐蚀性和抗氧化性不理想，稳定性差，使用周期较短，因此，寻求一种新型的耐火材料，对于延长耐高温设备的使用寿命有重大的意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种石墨耐火材料，提高了耐火材料的耐高温性、耐磨性能，热震稳定性、热导率、耐高温腐蚀性等，延长了耐火材料的使用寿命。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种石墨耐火材料，由以下质量份数的材料制成：氧化镁40-55份、天然石墨粉85-120份、碳化硅6-8份、硅酸钠6-8份、氧化锆30-40份、烧结助剂7-8份、结合剂15份与羧甲基丙烯酸铵3-5份。
作为优选，结合剂为硅酸乙酯水解液、氯化镁与磨拉石的混合物。
作为优选，结合剂由3重量份的氯化镁与15重量份的磨拉石投入80重量份的硅酸乙酯水解液而得到。
作为优选，烧结助剂为Rh-B-Si共熔点氧化物和Mn-Cu共熔点氧化物的混合物，所述Rh-B-Si共熔点氧化物和Mn-Cu共熔点氧化物之间的质量份数比为6.5-7:0.5-0.8。
作为优选，其中所述Rh-B-Si 共熔点氧化物中Rh、B 和 Si 的摩尔比为 5-10:42-62:20-37，所述 Mn-Cu 共熔点氧化物中 Mn 和 Cu 的摩尔比为 0.2-0.3:1.6-2.9。
作为优选，烧结助剂的熔点为900-1100℃。
本发明与现有技术相比，提高了耐火材料的耐高温性、耐磨性能，热震稳定性、热导率、耐高温腐蚀性等，延长了耐火材料的使用寿命。
具体实施方式
以下，对用于实施本发明的最佳方案进行说明。
本发明的耐火材料的生产方法可以是常规方法，也可以是以下步骤：
首先将基体组分添加到轮碾机等混炼机中进行混合处理后，加入粘合剂，在175-200℃下混合30-45min，然后加入烧结助剂，在非氧化气氛或还原气氛下进行热处理，热处理温度为1150-1300℃，时间为55min，冷却后即得到本发明的耐火材料。
实施例1
一种石墨耐火材料，由以下质量份数的材料制成：氧化镁40份、天然石墨粉85份、碳化硅6份、硅酸钠6份、氧化锆30份、烧结助剂7份、结合剂15份与羧甲基丙烯酸铵3份。
结合剂由3重量份的氯化镁与15重量份的磨拉石投入80重量份的硅酸乙酯水解液而得到。
烧结助剂为Rh-B-Si共熔点氧化物和Mn-Cu共熔点氧化物的混合物，所述Rh-B-Si共熔点氧化物和Mn-Cu共熔点氧化物之间的质量份数比为6.5:0.5。
其中所述Rh-B-Si 共熔点氧化物中Rh、B 和 Si 的摩尔比为 5:42:20，所述 Mn-Cu 共熔点氧化物中 Mn 和 Cu 的摩尔比为 0.2:1.6。烧结助剂的熔点为900℃。
制得的耐火材料具有较好的导热性，1000℃下导热洗漱能够达到35W/(mk)，莫氏硬度高于刚玉硬度，耐磨性能是高铝砖的8倍。
实施例2
一种石墨耐火材料，由以下质量份数的材料制成：氧化镁45份、天然石墨粉90份、碳化硅7份、硅酸钠7份、氧化锆35份、烧结助剂8份、结合剂15份与羧甲基丙烯酸铵4份。
结合剂由3重量份的氯化镁与15重量份的磨拉石投入80重量份的硅酸乙酯水解液而得到。
烧结助剂为Rh-B-Si共熔点氧化物和Mn-Cu共熔点氧化物的混合物，所述Rh-B-Si共熔点氧化物和Mn-Cu共熔点氧化物之间的质量份数比为6. 7:0.75。
其中所述Rh-B-Si 共熔点氧化物中Rh、B 和 Si 的摩尔比为 7:52:27，所述 Mn-Cu 共熔点氧化物中 Mn 和 Cu 的摩尔比为 0.25:1.9。烧结助剂的熔点为1000℃。
制得的耐火材料具有较好的导热性，1000℃下导热洗漱能够达到38W/(mk)，莫氏硬度高于刚玉硬度，耐磨性能是高铝砖的8.5倍。
实施例3
一种石墨耐火材料，由以下质量份数的材料制成：氧化镁55份、天然石墨粉120份、碳化硅8份、硅酸钠8份、氧化锆40份、烧结助剂8份、结合剂15份与羧甲基丙烯酸铵5份。
结合剂由3重量份的氯化镁与15重量份的磨拉石投入80重量份的硅酸乙酯水解液而得到。
烧结助剂为Rh-B-Si共熔点氧化物和Mn-Cu共熔点氧化物的混合物，所述Rh-B-Si共熔点氧化物和Mn-Cu共熔点氧化物之间的质量份数比为7:0.8。
其中所述Rh-B-Si 共熔点氧化物中Rh、B 和 Si 的摩尔比为10: 62:37，所述 Mn-Cu 共熔点氧化物中 Mn 和 Cu 的摩尔比为0.3: 2.9。烧结助剂的熔点为1100℃。
制得的耐火材料具有较好的导热性，1000℃下导热洗漱能够达到37W/(mk)，莫氏硬度高于刚玉硬度，耐磨性能是高铝砖的9倍。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以权利要求为准。

Claims (6)

1.一种石墨耐火材料，其特征在于，由以下质量份数的材料制成：氧化镁40-55份、天然石墨粉85-120份、碳化硅6-8份、硅酸钠6-8份、氧化锆30-40份、烧结助剂7-8份、结合剂15份与羧甲基丙烯酸铵3-5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种石墨耐火材料，其特征在于，结合剂为硅酸乙酯水解液、氯化镁与磨拉石的混合物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种石墨耐火材料，其特征在于，结合剂由3重量份的氯化镁与15重量份的磨拉石投入80重量份的硅酸乙酯水解液而得到。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种石墨耐火材料，其特征在于，烧结助剂为Rh-B-Si共熔点氧化物和Mn-Cu共熔点氧化物的混合物，所述Rh-B-Si共熔点氧化物和Mn-Cu共熔点氧化物之间的质量份数比为6.5-7:0.5-0.8。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种石墨耐火材料，其特征在于，其中所述Rh-B-Si 共熔点氧化物中Rh、B 和 Si 的摩尔比为 5-10:42-62:20-37，所述 Mn-Cu 共熔点氧化物中 Mn 和Cu 的摩尔比为 0.2-0.3:1.6-2.9。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种石墨耐火材料，其特征在于，烧结助剂的熔点为900-1100℃。
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