CN107243634A - A kind of preparation method of porous metal material - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of porous metal material Download PDFInfo
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- CN107243634A CN107243634A CN201710385540.XA CN201710385540A CN107243634A CN 107243634 A CN107243634 A CN 107243634A CN 201710385540 A CN201710385540 A CN 201710385540A CN 107243634 A CN107243634 A CN 107243634A
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- metal material
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- porous
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
- B22F3/1134—Inorganic fillers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/002—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature
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- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of porous metal material, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps：1）Get the raw materials ready；2）Nanosizing；3）Dry；4）Calcining；5）Suction filtration, washing；6）Obtain porous metal material.The metal that this preparation method is applicable not only to low melting point applies also for dystectic metal, this method energy consumption is small, environment-friendly, easy to operate, raw material is simple and easy to get and pollution-free, prepare porous metals specific surface area is big, porosity is high, hole size is homogeneous, be evenly distributed, and has broad application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacturing technology field of porous metal material, specifically a kind of preparation side of porous metal material
Method.
Background technology
Porous metal material is that metallic matrix is collectively constituted with space, is a kind of material for having 26S Proteasome Structure and Function dual property concurrently
Material.Porous metal material is because being always that lot of domestic and foreign scholar grinds the advantages of its specific density is small, specific stiffness is strong, energy-absorbing effect is good
The focus studied carefully.In fact early in eighties of last century the eighties, porous metal material is in engineering field extensive use, currently, with
The development of science and technology, porous metal material is all widely used in fields such as chemical industry, building, national defence, medical science, environmental protection.Now
Prepare porous metal material method a lot, but all there is many technical problems and restrictive condition, such as casting, although be this
Method is easy to industrialized production, but the size for the how empty metal hole produced and its distribution in metallic matrix are difficult to control
System, in addition, casting energy consumption is big, wants substantial amounts of heat to be melted, does not meet sustainable development for the high metal needs of fusing point
Strategy；Direct air blast, this method is simple to operate, it is only necessary to be applied to a kind of blowning installation, but directly air blast needs control
The temperature range of production foam is made, and needs appropriate melt viscosity, the strong foam of stability could be so produced；Melting gold
Belonging to foaming includes gas foaming method and solid foamed method, and the key measure of this kind of method is the suitable tackifier of selection, control
Metal viscosity and stir speed (S.S.)；Also investment casting, sedimentation etc..
The problem of for existing manufacture porous metal material, it is badly in need of proposing that a kind of hole is homogeneous, size distribution is uniform, ring
Border is friendly, easy to operate, energy consumption is small technology promotes the development of porous metal material.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, and providing a kind of preparation method of porous metal material.It is this
Method energy consumption is small, environment-friendly, easy to operate, raw material is simple and easy to get and porous metals specific surface area that is pollution-free, preparing
Greatly, porosity is high, hole size is homogeneous, be evenly distributed, and has broad application prospects.
Realizing the technical scheme of the object of the invention is：
A kind of preparation method of porous metal material, comprises the following steps：
1）Get the raw materials ready：By 1:1-20 mass ratio weighs metal dust and sodium salt is mixed；
2）Nanosizing：By step 1）The mixture prepared is used after Mechanical Method nanosizing, obtains mixture A；
3）Dry：Substance A is subjected to freeze-drying 12-24 hours, substance B is obtained, its structure is ensure that using freeze-drying
Integrality；
4）Calcining：Mixture B after freeze-drying process is put into tube furnace, under an inert atmosphere, constant speed is warming up to 200-
800 DEG C of temperature are calcined, and obtain substance C；
5）Suction filtration, washing：Substance C is carried out after soaking 1-5 hours in 1-2 L deionized water, decompression suction filtration is carried out, is used in combination
Deionized water carries out 4-6 washing, obtains material D；
6）Obtain porous metal material：Processing is dried in material D in an oven, obtained final product as porous metals
Material.
Step 1）In, the metal is aluminium, magnesium, nickel, copper, iron, tin or titanium.
Step 1）In, the sodium salt is sodium chloride, sodium metasilicate or sodium carbonate.
Step 2）In, Mechanical Method is high-energy ball milling method, colloid mill or sand milling.
Step 3）In, described constant speed heating is the heating of 2-5 DEG C/min speed.
Step 3）In, described calcining is insulation calcining 4-8 hours.
Step 5）In, described 1-2 L deionized water can carry out appropriate increase and decrease according to the solubility of salt.
Step 6）In, described drying process oven temperature is 80 DEG C.
The porous metal material that above-mentioned preparation method is prepared.
Because nanoparticle has unique performance, different from general material, because nano particle is small, the surface of nanoparticle
Can, it is more than surface atom number, these surface atom near neighboring coordinations are not complete, and activity is big and volume is much smaller than massive material so that
Required increased interior energy is much smaller than massive material when nano-particle melts, and this just makes the fusing point of nanoparticle, starts sintering
Temperature and crystallization temperature are lower than conventional powder more.This method is using the unique thermal property of nano particle, using machinery
Method prepares nano metal, and porous metal material is prepared by pore creating material of sodium salt.
The metal that this preparation method is applicable not only to low melting point applies also for dystectic metal, this method energy consumption
Small, environment-friendly, easy to operate, raw material is simple and easy to get and pollution-free, prepare porous metals specific surface area is big, porosity
It is high, hole size is homogeneous, be evenly distributed, have broad application prospects.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 schemes for the BET of porous nickel metal material made from embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 schemes for the SEM of porous nickel metal material made from embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 schemes for the SEM of the sodium chloride after being recrystallized in embodiment 2；
Fig. 4 schemes for the BET of porous nickel metal material made from embodiment 2.
Embodiment
Present invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but is not limitation of the invention.
Embodiment：
A kind of preparation method of porous metal material, comprises the following steps：
1）Get the raw materials ready：By 1:1-20 mass ratio weighs metal dust and sodium salt is mixed；
2）Nanosizing：By step 1）The mixture prepared is used after Mechanical Method nanosizing, obtains mixture A；
3）Dry：Substance A is subjected to freeze-drying 12-24 hours, substance B is obtained；Its structure is ensure that using freeze-drying
Integrality；
4）Calcining：Mixture B after freeze-drying process is put into tube furnace, under an inert atmosphere, constant speed is warming up to 200-
800 DEG C of temperature are calcined, and obtain substance C；
5）Suction filtration, washing：Substance B is carried out after soaking 1-5 hours in 1-2 L deionized water, decompression suction filtration is carried out, is used in combination
Deionized water carries out 4-6 washing, obtains material D；
6）Obtain porous metal material：Processing is dried in material D in an oven, obtained final product as porous metals
Material.
Step 1）In, the metal is aluminium, magnesium, nickel, copper, iron, tin or titanium.
Step 1）In, the sodium salt is sodium chloride, sodium metasilicate or sodium carbonate.
Step 2）In, Mechanical Method is ball milling, colloid mill or sand milling.
Step 3）In, described constant speed heating is the heating of 2-5 DEG C/min speed.
Step 3）In, described calcining is insulation calcining 4-8 hours.
Step 5）In, described 1-2 L deionized water can carry out appropriate increase and decrease according to the solubility of salt.
Step 6）In, described drying process oven temperature is 80 DEG C.
Specifically：
Embodiment 1：
1）Get the raw materials ready：Nickel powder 3.0g is weighed, untreated sodium chloride 7.0g is put into spherical tank, add 3g deionized waters, then weigh
60.0 g abrading-ball, sealing assembling；
2）Nanosizing：Under 500r/min rotating speed, ball milling is carried out 20 hours；
3）Dry：Obtained slurry is put into -20 DEG C of refrigerator and carries out freezing 12 hours, then is put into freeze drier
Row freeze-drying 24 hours；
4）Calcining：High-temperature calcination is carried out to obtained material, 750 DEG C is warming up to 2 DEG C/min speed, is calcined at 750 DEG C
4 hours, naturally cool to room temperature；
5）Suction filtration, washing：The material calcined is subjected to immersion 2 hours with 1L deionized water, decompression suction filtration is then carried out, and
It is washed with deionized 4 times；
6）Obtain porous material：Obtained product is dried 12 hours in 80 DEG C of baking oven, final product is obtained.
BET and SEM tests have been carried out to the porous nickel metal obtained in this example, as a result as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, can by Fig. 1
Know, the specific surface area of the porous nickel metal prepared by this example is 115m2/ g, illustrates that this preparation method has obtained porous nickel really
Metal material, can more intuitively observe that the material being made with this preparation method is implicitly present in hole, and this enters one by Fig. 2
Step explanation can obtain porous metal material really with this preparation method.
Embodiment 2：
1）Get the raw materials ready：Nickel powder 3.0g is weighed, the sodium chloride 7.0g of recrystallization is put into ball grinder, add 3g deionized waters, then weigh
60.0 g abrading-ball, sealing assembling；
2）Nanosizing：Under 500r/min rotating speed, ball milling is carried out 20 hours；
3）Dry：Obtained slurry is put into -20 DEG C of refrigerator and carries out freezing 12 hours, then is put into freeze drier
Row freeze-drying 24 hours；
4）Calcining：High-temperature calcination is carried out to obtained material, 750 DEG C is warming up to 2 DEG C/min speed, is calcined at 750 DEG C
4 hours, naturally cool to room temperature；
5）Suction filtration, washing：Material after calcining well is subjected to immersion 2 hours with 1L deionized waters, decompression suction filtration is then carried out, and
It is washed with deionized 4 times；
6）Obtain porous material：Obtained material is dried 12 hours in 80 DEG C of baking oven, final product is obtained.
SEM and BET analyses are carried out respectively to the NaCl and porous nickel metal recrystallized in this example, as a result such as Fig. 3 and Fig. 4
Shown, from the figure 3, it may be seen that the NaCl particles recrystallized are smaller than commercial NaCl particles, particle diameter can reach nanometer
Level.As shown in Figure 4, the specific surface area for the porous nickel metal being made by the present embodiment is 117m2/ g, illustrates to use short grained chlorine
The smaller porous nickel metal of diameter can be obtained by changing sodium, improve the specific surface area of material.
Embodiment 3：
1）Get the raw materials ready：Aluminium powder 3.0g is weighed, untreated sodium chloride 6.0g is added, is put into ball grinder, 4.0 g deionization is added
Water, weighs 60.0 g abrading-ball, sealing assembling；
2）Nanosizing：Under 500r/min rotating speed, ball milling is carried out 10 hours；
3）Dry：Obtained slurry is freezed 12 hours at -20 DEG C, freeze-drying 24 is then carried out in freeze drier small
When；
4）Calcining：High-temperature calcination is carried out to obtained material, 790 DEG C is warming up to 4 DEG C/min speed, is calcined at 790 DEG C
8 hours, natural cooling room temperature；
5）Suction filtration, washing：Material after calcining well is subjected to immersion 2 hours with 1L deionized waters, decompression suction filtration is then carried out, and
It is washed with deionized 4 times；
6）Obtain porous material：Obtained material is dried 12 hours in 80 DEG C of baking oven, final product is obtained.
Embodiment 4：
1）Get the raw materials ready：Weigh glass putty 4.0g, add treated sodium chloride 10.0g, be put into ball grinder, plus 5.0 g deionization
Water, weighs 60.0 g abrading-ball, sealing assembling；
2）Nanosizing：Under 500r/min rotating speed, ball milling is carried out 5 hours；
3）Dry：Obtained slurry is freezed 12 hours at -20 DEG C, freeze-drying 24 is then carried out in freeze drier small
When；
4）Calcining;High-temperature calcination is carried out to obtained material, 250 DEG C is warming up to 2 DEG C/min speed, is calcined at 250 DEG C
4 hours, naturally cool to room temperature；
5）Suction filtration, washing：Material after calcining well is subjected to immersion 2 hours with 1L deionized waters, decompression suction filtration is then carried out, and
It is washed with deionized 5 times；
6）Obtain porous metals：Obtained material is dried 12 hours in 80 DEG C of baking oven, final product is obtained.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of preparation method of porous metal material, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps：
1）Get the raw materials ready：By 1:1-20 mass ratio weighs metal dust and sodium salt is mixed；
2）Nanosizing：By step 1）The mixture prepared is used after Mechanical Method nanosizing, obtains mixture A；
3）Dry：Substance A is subjected to freeze-drying 12-24 hours, substance B is obtained；
4）Calcining：Mixture B after freeze-drying process is put into tube furnace, under an inert atmosphere, constant speed is warming up to 200-
800 DEG C of temperature are calcined, and obtain substance C；
5）Suction filtration, washing：Substance B is carried out after soaking 1-5 hours in 1-2L deionized water, decompression suction filtration is carried out, is used in combination
Deionized water carries out 4-6 washing, obtains material D；
6）Obtain porous metal material：Processing is dried in material D in an oven, obtained final product as porous metals
Material.
2. the preparation method of porous metal material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 1）In, the metal
For aluminium, magnesium, nickel, copper, iron, tin or titanium.
3. the preparation method of porous metal material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 1）In, the sodium salt
For sodium chloride, sodium metasilicate or sodium carbonate.
4. the preparation method of porous metal material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 2）In, the machinery
Method is high-energy ball milling method, colloid mill or sand milling.
5. the preparation method of porous metal material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 3）In, described determines
Speed heating is the heating of 2-5 DEG C/min speed.
6. the preparation method of porous metal material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 3）In, described forges
Burn for insulation calcining 4-8 hours.
7. the preparation method of porous metal material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 6）In, described is dry
Dry processing oven temperature is 80 DEG C.
8. the porous metal material that the preparation method according to claim any one of 1-7 is prepared.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108359827A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-08-03 | 上海交通大学 | The preparation method of the porous antiferromagnetic marmems of MnNi |
| CN112048635A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-12-08 | 西安理工大学 | Micro-nano graded porous copper and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105177338A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-12-23 | 华北电力大学 | Preparation method for scale-adjustable nano porous metal material |
| CN105671364A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-06-15 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method of porous titanium copper calcium material |
| US20160368047A1 (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2016-12-22 | Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc | Porous materials via freeze-casting of metal salt solutions |
| CN106474554A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2017-03-08 | 重庆润泽医药有限公司 | A kind of porous metal material and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS63223109A (en) * | 1987-03-11 | 1988-09-16 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Apparatus for producing metal powder |
| CN101050128A (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2007-10-10 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Modified freeze dehydration method for preparing porous material |
| CN101293783A (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2008-10-29 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Method for preparing inorganic stephanoporate composite material with freeze dehydration |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108359827A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-08-03 | 上海交通大学 | The preparation method of the porous antiferromagnetic marmems of MnNi |
| CN108359827B (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2019-08-23 | 上海交通大学 | The preparation method of the porous antiferromagnetic marmem of MnNi |
| CN112048635A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-12-08 | 西安理工大学 | Micro-nano graded porous copper and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20171013 |