CN107241756B - Method and device for judging and intercommunicating ping-pong handover between access networks - Google Patents
Method and device for judging and intercommunicating ping-pong handover between access networks Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107241756B CN107241756B CN201610184652.4A CN201610184652A CN107241756B CN 107241756 B CN107241756 B CN 107241756B CN 201610184652 A CN201610184652 A CN 201610184652A CN 107241756 B CN107241756 B CN 107241756B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ping
- terminal
- pong
- access networks
- node
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/04—Arrangements for maintaining operational condition
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/16—Performing reselection for specific purposes
- H04W36/18—Performing reselection for specific purposes for allowing seamless reselection, e.g. soft reselection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
- H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a method and a device for judging and intercommunicating ping-pong handover between access networks, which relate to the field of communication and comprise the following steps: judging ping-pong switching of the terminal between access networks; and informing the second node of the ping-pong handover message. Through judgment and intercommunication of ping-pong switching between access networks, air interface signaling congestion caused by ping-pong switching between access networks is prevented, the utilization rate of tightly coupled resources and the data rate of a terminal are improved, so that a current network side network element better issues the tightly coupled configuration with a target network side network element to the terminal, and self-optimization of resource configuration is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of communication, in particular to a method and a device for judging and communicating ping-pong handover between access networks.
Background
RAN (Residential Access Network) level converged WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) is integrated with 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) Network, WLAN and 3GPP Network are tightly coupled for short, similar to carrier aggregation and dual connectivity, to provide better control and utilization of resources on dual connectivity for the overall system. Tight integration and aggregation at the radio layer allows more real-time joint scheduling of the radio resources of the WLAN and the 3GPP network, thus improving the Quality of Service (QoS) of the user and the overall system capacity. By better managing the radio resources among the users, the collective throughput of all users can be increased and the overall system capacity provided. Each link scheduling decision can be made to be per packet level based on real-time channel conditions and system usage. The user plane is anchored in a reliable LTE (Long Term Evolution) network, and performance can be improved by fallback to the LTE network.
The tight coupling between the WLAN and the 3GPP network can be applied to a co-location cooperation scenario (RAN layer integration operation is completed between an eNB (Evolved Node B) and a wireless Access Point (AP) through an internal interface) and a non-co-location cooperation scenario (RAN layer integration operation is completed between an eNB and an AP through an external interface), which are similar to 3GPP carrier aggregation and dual connectivity, respectively.
As shown in fig. 1, the RAN layer integration operation is performed between the eNB and the WLAN through an external interface Xw. Here, "Wireless LAN Termination" (WT) serves as a Termination point of the LTE-WLAN interface Xw on the WLAN system side. The WT may be a logical entity, may be an independent network element, or may be implemented on an AP/AC (access controller). A plurality of WLAN access network element APs can be connected under the WT, the APs can be divided into a plurality of AP groups, and each AP group is also called as a WLAN mobile set; the movement of the user equipment within the same AP group may not inform the 3GPP network, i.e. may be transparent to the network elements of the LTE network. However, the movement of the user equipment between different AP groups requires the network elements of the 3GP network to participate in the control, so as to better balance the load and improve the transmission efficiency or quality or system capacity. The configuration information of the AP group is configured to the terminal by the network side.
It is necessary for the terminal to send the WLAN measurement result to the 3GPP network side, and the network side can decide when to start or stop the tight coupling or loose coupling enhancement according to the information, and maintain the AP group of the WLAN of the terminal, i.e. the WLAN mobility set, according to the information. At present, the common recognition of reporting three measurement events is achieved, and when a terminal without tight coupling configuration finds that the signal quality of a WLAN is better than a specified threshold value, the terminal reports the signal quality to a network side and hopes that the network side activates the tight coupling configuration; the terminal does not detect that the quality of a WLAN is higher than a threshold value in the mobile set, and the terminal reports the event to the network side so as to deactivate the tight coupling configuration; the terminal does not detect that the quality of a WLAN in the mobile set is above the threshold and the signal quality of a WLAN outside the mobile set is above the threshold, and the terminal reports the event, aiming at triggering the movement between the mobile sets.
In the related art, when the signal quality of an AP is slightly higher than a threshold but is lower than the threshold after accessing a terminal, a ping-pong event cannot be avoided. For example, a terminal without a mobile set finds that an AP is slightly higher than a specified threshold, and then reports an event activating a tight coupling configuration to a network side, and then receives a mobile set including the AP, the AP associated with the terminal is referred to as a serving AP, but the serving AP has poor signal quality after association, the terminal needs to reselect an AP in the WLAN mobile set, but cannot find a suitable AP association, so that the terminal reports the deactivated tight coupling configuration, but after the operation of deactivating the tight coupling configuration, the terminal finds that the AP is higher than the specified threshold, and reports an event activating the tight coupling configuration, so as to repeatedly access the WLAN, and then disconnect the WLAN, thereby causing an increase in signaling load and a decrease in performance of the air interface.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for judging and communicating ping-pong handover between access networks, which can overcome the ping-pong operation that the terminal repeatedly activates and deactivates in a WLAN mobile set in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for judging and intercommunicating ping-pong handover between access networks is applied to a first node and comprises the following steps:
judging ping-pong switching of the terminal between access networks;
and informing the second node of the ping-pong handover message.
Optionally, the determining that the ping-pong handover between access networks occurs at the terminal includes:
detecting the times of accessing and/or disconnecting the access network system cell of the terminal in the preset time;
and when the detected times are larger than a set threshold value, determining that the terminal has ping-pong switching between access networks.
Optionally, the ping-pong handover message includes one or more of:
the terminal generates wireless local area network WLAN cell information and ping-pong switching indication information of ping-pong switching.
Optionally, the ping-pong handover message further includes:
loading WLAN cell information in a critical state.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and the up-regulation triggers and activates the threshold value reported by the tight coupling event.
The invention also provides a device for judging and intercommunicating the ping-pong switching between the access networks, which is arranged at the first node and comprises:
the judging module is used for judging the ping-pong switching of the access networks of the terminal;
a communication module configured to notify the second node of the ping-pong handover message.
Optionally, the determining, by the determining module, that the ping-pong handover between access networks occurs at the terminal is:
detecting the times of accessing and/or disconnecting the access network system cell of the terminal in the preset time;
and when the detected times are larger than a set threshold value, determining that the terminal has ping-pong switching between access networks.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
and the adjusting module is set to be used for triggering and activating the threshold value reported by the tight coupling event in an up-regulation mode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can judge and intercommunicate the ping-pong switching condition between the access networks of the terminal in time, and can prevent the air interface signaling congestion caused by the ping-pong switching between the access networks by judging and intercommunicating the ping-pong switching between the access networks, thereby improving the utilization rate of tightly coupled resources and the data rate of the terminal, leading the current network side network element to better send the tightly coupled configuration with the target network side network element to the terminal, and realizing the self-optimization of the resource configuration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a related art Flexe generic structure;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for ping-pong handover decision and interworking between access networks according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for determining and interworking ping-pong handover between access networks according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of ping-pong handover decision and interworking between access networks according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of ping-pong handover decision and interworking between access networks according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings is provided, and it should be noted that, in the case of conflict, features in the embodiments and the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other.
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining and interworking ping-pong handover between access networks, which is applied to a first node, and includes:
s101, judging ping-pong switching between access networks of a terminal;
and S102, informing the ping-pong handover message to the second node.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first node may be a terminal or a network side, when the first node is a terminal, the second node is a network side, and when the first node is a network side, the second node is a terminal.
Wherein, step S101 includes:
detecting the times of accessing and/or disconnecting the access network system cell of the terminal in the preset time;
and when the detected times are larger than a set threshold value, determining that the terminal has ping-pong switching between access networks.
The ping-pong handover message in step S102 includes one or more of:
the terminal generates wireless local area network WLAN cell information and ping-pong switching indication information of ping-pong switching.
The ping-pong switching indication information is used for identifying that the terminal has ping-pong switching between access networks.
The ping-pong handover message further comprises:
loading WLAN cell information in a critical state.
The method further comprises the following steps:
s103, the threshold value reported by the tight coupling event is triggered and activated by up-regulation.
When the first node is a network side, the method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
the network side learns that the terminal has ping-pong handover between access networks according to a certain principle, wherein the certain principle can be that the network side judges that the number of times that the terminal has access to and/or disconnects a cell (such as a certain WLAN cell) of an access network system within a certain time is greater than a set threshold value, the network side determines that the terminal has ping-pong handover between access networks, and then the network side processes the ping-pong handover by one or more of the following modes:
the threshold value reported by the tight coupling event is triggered and activated by up-regulation;
informing the terminal of the occurrence of a ping-pong WLAN cell;
informing the terminal of the WLAN cell with the load in a critical state;
and informing the terminal of ping-pong switching indication information, wherein the indication information means that the terminal has ping-pong switching between access networks.
When the first node is a terminal, the method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
the terminal judges that the terminal generates ping-pong handover between access networks according to a certain principle, wherein the certain principle can be used for judging that the times of accessing and/or disconnecting an access network system cell (such as a certain WLAN cell) within a certain time period are larger than a set threshold value for the terminal, the terminal determines that the terminal generates ping-pong handover between the access networks, and then the terminal processes the ping-pong handover by one or more of the following modes:
informing a network side of a ping-pong WLAN cell;
and informing the network side of ping-pong switching indication information, wherein the indication information means that the terminal has ping-pong switching between access networks.
As shown in fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for determining and interworking ping-pong handover between access networks, where the apparatus is disposed at a first node, and includes:
the judging module is used for judging the ping-pong switching of the access networks of the terminal;
a communication module configured to notify the second node of the ping-pong handover message.
The judgment module judges that the terminal has ping-pong switching between access networks refers to:
detecting the times of accessing and/or disconnecting the access network system cell of the terminal in the preset time;
and when the detected times are larger than a set threshold value, determining that the terminal has ping-pong switching between access networks.
The device further comprises:
and the adjusting module is set to be used for triggering and activating the threshold value reported by the tight coupling event in an up-regulation mode.
For convenience of description, in the following embodiments, the network-side system is a 3GPP network system, where an access network element of the 3GPP network system takes an eNB as an example, and the access network system is a WLAN network system, where the network element of the WLAN network system takes a WT as an example, and a plurality of AP devices are connected below the WT network element.
The first embodiment is as follows:
with reference to fig. 4, the method for determining and interworking ping-pong handover between access networks of this embodiment is described as follows:
11) the eNB configures parameters for judging the occurrence of ping-pong handover between access networks, wherein the parameters comprise given time T and a time threshold value C.
12) And the eNB counts the connection and/or disconnection times of the connected terminal and an AP within a given time T, and records the connection and/or disconnection times as X, if the X is greater than a threshold value C within the given time T, the next step is carried out, and if not, the count is cleared.
13) The eNB informs the terminal of the ping-pong handover between the access networks in a downlink air interface message by one or a combination of the following modes:
-up-regulating a threshold triggering activation of a tight coupling event reporting;
-informing the terminal of the occurrence of ping-pong WLAN cells;
-informing the terminal of the WLAN cells whose load is in a critical state;
-informing the terminal of an indication that a ping-pong handover between access networks has occurred for the terminal.
In this embodiment, the threshold value reported by selecting the up-regulation trigger activated tight coupling event is notified to the terminal through a downlink air interface message.
14) The terminal receives a new threshold value for triggering and activating the reporting of the tight coupling event to replace the old threshold value.
Example two:
with reference to fig. 5, the method for determining and interworking ping-pong handover between access networks of this embodiment is described as follows:
21) the terminal configures parameters for judging the occurrence of ping-pong handover between access networks, wherein the parameters comprise given time T and a time threshold value C.
Wherein, the configuration parameters can be configured fixedly or configured to the terminal by the network side.
22) And the terminal counts the connection and/or disconnection times of an AP in a given time T, and records the times as X, if the X is greater than a threshold value C in the given time T, the terminal enters the next step, and otherwise, the terminal counts and clears the value.
23) The terminal informs the network of the ping-pong handover between the access networks through one or a combination of the following modes:
-informing the 3GPP system of the ping-pong WLAN cell;
-informing the 3GPP system of an indication that a ping-pong handover between access networks has occurred for the terminal.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the contents thereof are merely embodiments adopted to facilitate understanding of the technical aspects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It will be apparent to persons skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A method for judging and intercommunicating ping-pong handover between access networks is characterized in that the method is applied to a first node and comprises the following steps:
judging ping-pong switching of the terminal between access networks;
informing the second node of the ping-pong handover message;
the threshold value reported by the tight coupling event is triggered and activated by up-regulation;
the first node is a terminal; the second node is a network side;
the ping-pong handover message includes one or more of:
the terminal generates wireless local area network WLAN cell information of ping-pong switching;
ping-pong handover indication information; the ping-pong switching indication information is used for identifying that the terminal has ping-pong switching between access networks;
WLAN cell information with load in a critical state;
wherein, judging the ping-pong handover between access networks of the terminal comprises:
detecting the times of accessing and/or disconnecting the access network system cell of the terminal in the preset time;
and when the detected times are larger than a set threshold value, determining that the terminal has ping-pong switching between access networks.
2. A device for determining and interworking ping-pong handover between access networks, arranged at a first node, comprises:
the judging module is used for judging the ping-pong switching of the access networks of the terminal;
a communication module configured to notify a ping-pong handover message to a second node;
the adjusting module is set to be used for triggering and activating a threshold value reported by a tight coupling event in an up-regulation mode;
the first node is a terminal; the second node is a network side;
the ping-pong handover message includes one or more of:
the terminal generates wireless local area network WLAN cell information of ping-pong switching;
ping-pong handover indication information; the ping-pong switching indication information is used for identifying that the terminal has ping-pong switching between access networks;
WLAN cell information with load in a critical state;
the judgment module judges that the terminal has ping-pong switching between access networks refers to:
detecting the times of accessing and/or disconnecting the access network system cell of the terminal in the preset time;
and when the detected times are larger than a set threshold value, determining that the terminal has ping-pong switching between access networks.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610184652.4A CN107241756B (en) | 2016-03-28 | 2016-03-28 | Method and device for judging and intercommunicating ping-pong handover between access networks |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610184652.4A CN107241756B (en) | 2016-03-28 | 2016-03-28 | Method and device for judging and intercommunicating ping-pong handover between access networks |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN107241756A CN107241756A (en) | 2017-10-10 |
CN107241756B true CN107241756B (en) | 2020-11-10 |
Family
ID=59983246
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610184652.4A Active CN107241756B (en) | 2016-03-28 | 2016-03-28 | Method and device for judging and intercommunicating ping-pong handover between access networks |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN107241756B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110602728B (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2023-02-03 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Ping-pong state determination method, information receiving method, terminal and network side equipment |
CN111866842B (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2023-09-19 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Tracking area updating method and device, terminal equipment and storage medium |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101227705A (en) * | 2007-01-17 | 2008-07-23 | 华为技术有限公司 | System and method for switching terminal to macro cell and terminal, access node and gateway thereof |
CN101998563A (en) * | 2009-08-13 | 2011-03-30 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for preventing pingpang handover between neighboring cells and evolved node B |
CN103517350A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2014-01-15 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and device for switching information processing |
CN104080105A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2014-10-01 | 电信科学技术研究院 | Method and device of optimizing switchover performance in dynamic simulation platform |
CN104301921A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-01-21 | 京信通信系统(中国)有限公司 | Ping-pong switching detection method and device and switching parameter configuration method and device |
CN104394564A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-03-04 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | A method and device for reducing ping-pong switching of a terminal |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012023734A2 (en) * | 2010-08-16 | 2012-02-23 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Method of avoiding idc interference in a wireless communication system and apparatus for same |
US20120322479A1 (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2012-12-20 | Renesas Mobile Corporation | Communication link monitoring and failure handling in a network controlled device-to-device connection |
CN102256299A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-11-23 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Terminal measurement reporting method and device |
CN103313316B (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2016-05-18 | 电信科学技术研究院 | A kind of Check processing method and device of different system pingpang handoff |
US9185581B2 (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2015-11-10 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Classifying failure reports as either current or stale for mobility robustness optimization adjustments |
CN103458475A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2013-12-18 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for detecting mobility robustness between HRPD (high rate packet data) network and LTE (long term evolution) network |
US9503986B2 (en) * | 2013-10-03 | 2016-11-22 | Futurewei Technologies, Inc. | System and method to reduce power consumption associated with cell reselection operations |
-
2016
- 2016-03-28 CN CN201610184652.4A patent/CN107241756B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101227705A (en) * | 2007-01-17 | 2008-07-23 | 华为技术有限公司 | System and method for switching terminal to macro cell and terminal, access node and gateway thereof |
CN101998563A (en) * | 2009-08-13 | 2011-03-30 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for preventing pingpang handover between neighboring cells and evolved node B |
CN103517350A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2014-01-15 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and device for switching information processing |
CN104080105A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2014-10-01 | 电信科学技术研究院 | Method and device of optimizing switchover performance in dynamic simulation platform |
CN104301921A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-01-21 | 京信通信系统(中国)有限公司 | Ping-pong switching detection method and device and switching parameter configuration method and device |
CN104394564A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-03-04 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | A method and device for reducing ping-pong switching of a terminal |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN107241756A (en) | 2017-10-10 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US10973041B2 (en) | Resource selection method for V2X operation of terminal in wireless communication system, and terminal using method | |
US10932175B2 (en) | Method for relay terminal to select remote terminal where access control is applied due to network congestion and relay terminal performing method | |
US10869209B2 (en) | Method and device for transmitting/receiving data to/from base station in wireless communication system | |
US11219079B2 (en) | Method and device for transmitting SCG failure information message in wireless communication system | |
JP6333994B2 (en) | Network access blocking method by ACDC and user device | |
US11178564B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for reporting measurement result | |
US10674521B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving data in wireless communication system | |
US11653399B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving signals in wireless communication system | |
US11064412B2 (en) | Method and device for performing cell reselection by terminal | |
US9900832B2 (en) | Method and an apparatus for access network selection in a wireless communication system | |
US10555229B2 (en) | Method of transmitting and receiving data in wireless communication system and apparatus therefor | |
US9973990B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for transmitting handover report message in wireless communication system | |
CN106134281B (en) | Method for performing proximity service and user device | |
US20200053525A1 (en) | Method and device for performing v2x communication | |
US20230239130A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for performing communication in mobile communication system | |
EP3032853A1 (en) | Processing method and device for information interaction and shunting, base station, rnc and terminal | |
US20160198400A1 (en) | Method for location area update in multi-rat environment and method for transmitting/receiving paging information | |
JP2018525938A (en) | V2X (vehicle-to-everything) signal transmission / reception method of a terminal in a wireless communication system and terminal using the method | |
WO2012058966A1 (en) | Admission control method, target network, source network, and handover processing system | |
US10136366B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for terminal to perform frequency measurement on basis of cell specific priority | |
US20160278042A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for determining multimedia broadcast multicast service interest in wireless communication system | |
WO2012126300A1 (en) | Method and system for controlling wireless resources | |
WO2012055299A1 (en) | Random access method and system for a user equipment | |
WO2012126247A1 (en) | Method and system for controlling wireless resource | |
CN105873115B (en) | Network resource adjustment method and terminal between access technology networks |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |