CN107241189A - A kind of quantum key dispatching system not triggered based on vacuum state and method - Google Patents
A kind of quantum key dispatching system not triggered based on vacuum state and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107241189A CN107241189A CN201710629450.0A CN201710629450A CN107241189A CN 107241189 A CN107241189 A CN 107241189A CN 201710629450 A CN201710629450 A CN 201710629450A CN 107241189 A CN107241189 A CN 107241189A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0852—Quantum cryptography
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/70—Photonic quantum communication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0852—Quantum cryptography
- H04L9/0858—Details about key distillation or coding, e.g. reconciliation, error correction, privacy amplification, polarisation coding or phase coding
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
A kind of quantum key dispatching system not triggered based on vacuum state and method, by increasing a polarization beam apparatus in receiving terminal, have been abandoned deviation-rectifying system, have simplified the lengthy and jumbled degree of system, reduce production cost；One phase is only adjusted by an interference ring, to there was only 10 minus six powers magnitudes of existing mode using the requirement of DAC and analogue amplifier, greatly reduce the requirement of system design；The present invention selects different paths to select corresponding signal state and inveigle state using 1*2 photoswitches, and vacuum state does not light to realize using control signal laser, reduces the infrastructure cost of system.In addition, the present invention is using the interference ring made by planar optical waveguide, because planar optical waveguide has polarization insensitive, so that system is without extra polarization compensation means, the manufacture craft of waveguide is extremely ripe, can reach sub-micrometer scale, preferably improves the key of system into code check.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical transport safety communication technology field, more particularly to a kind of quantum not triggered based on vacuum state is close
Key distribution system and method.
Background technology
With a wide range of popularization of internet, the information transmission between the mankind has reached unprecedented quantity and frequency,
Various privacy informations expose on the internet more and more, and therefore, the mankind have also arrived unprecedented to the demand of secret communication
Height.The cipher mode of present internet information safety is referred to as " public-key cryptography " cryptosystem, and its principle is by encryption
The public-key cryptography propagated on algorithm, generation network, and the private key of computer-internal is stayed in, two keys must coordinate and make
With complete encryption and decryption processes could be realized.
The encryption standard that modern the Internet is used is the RSA Algorithm being born 1970s, i.e., using matter several greatly because
Son, which is decomposed, to be difficult to calculate to ensure the security of key.
Quantum-key distribution is that physicist Bennett in 1984 and cryptologist Brassard are proposed based on quantum force
The BB84 agreements of measuring principle are learned, quantum-key distribution can fundamentally ensure that the security of key.
Quantum key produces flashlight in transmitting terminal in the prior art, by traditional quantum channel transmitting procedure, by
In by the effect such as fiber channel birefringence, its polarization state is more big changes, and is influenceed the interference effect in optical signal later stage, can be made
The loss of integral key, at present, can increase deviation-rectifying system, by deviation-rectifying system come also to solve the above problems in receiving terminal
The polarization state of former optical signal, but deviation-rectifying system needs complicated hardware and software section composition, to whole encryption key distribution system
System brings the complexity of total system and improves production cost；In addition, optical signal passes through general single mode fiber interference ring
Long galianconism different paths after its polarization state can occur different changes and cause result of interference unobvious, so normal
Need to use extra polarization compensation technology identical come the polarization state for ensureing the light by dissimilar arm in making, further increase
System complexity and improve production cost.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims at a kind of quantum key dispatching system not triggered based on vacuum state and method is provided, to solve
Quantum key distribution system needs system to increase deviation-rectifying system and polarization benefit to improve key generation efficiency in the prior art
Technology is repaid, so that system adds complexity and improves the technical bug of production cost.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
A kind of quantum key dispatching system not triggered based on vacuum state, including the transmitting terminal connected by quantum channel with
Receiving terminal, the transmitting terminal is fixed including transmitting terminal driving plate, signal laser, synchronous laser, 1*2 photoswitches, two-way to decline
Subtract device, two-way 1*4 photoswitches, eight road Waveguide interference rings, the first adjustable attenuator, the second adjustable attenuator and transmitting terminal multiplexing
Device, eight road signal laser is divided into two groups, per the tunnels of Zu Ge tetra-, and one of which is signal state intensity, and another group is trick state
Intensity, described different per the road Waveguide interference ring arm length differences of Zu tetra-, its phase difference is respectively 0, pi/2, π, 3 pi/2s, and the signal swashs
Light device connects two-way fixed attenuator respectively by 1*2 photoswitches, and the two-way fixed attenuator is connected to 1*4 light all the way
Switch, each 1*4 photoswitch connects one group of Waveguide interference ring respectively, and the output end of two groups of Waveguide interference rings is all connected with first
Adjustable attenuator, first adjustable attenuator connects transmitting terminal multiplexer, and it is adjustable that the synchronous laser is sequentially connected second
Attenuator and transmitting terminal multiplexer, first adjustable attenuator are connected the same of transmitting terminal multiplexer with the second adjustable attenuator
One end, the transmitting terminal driving plate connect respectively signal laser, 1*2 photoswitches, fixed attenuator, 1*4 photoswitches, waveguide do
Relate to ring, synchronous laser, the first adjustable attenuator and the second adjustable attenuator；
The receiving terminal includes receiving terminal driving plate, receiving terminal multiplexer, synchroprobe, polarization beam apparatus, two-way ripple
Interference ring and single-photon detector are led, the receiving terminal multiplexer connects transmitting terminal multiplexer by quantum channel, described to connect
The other end of receiving end multiplexer connects synchroprobe and polarization beam apparatus respectively, and the polarization beam apparatus connects two respectively successively
Road Waveguide interference ring, wherein, two-way Waveguide interference ring is respectively connected with two-way single-photon detector, the receiving terminal driving plate difference
Connect synchroprobe, Waveguide interference ring and single-photon detector.
Preferably, the Waveguide interference ring includes front end coupler, long-armed Wave guide unit, galianconism Wave guide unit and rear end
Coupler, the output end of the front end coupler connects long-armed Wave guide unit and galianconism Wave guide unit, the long-armed ripple respectively
The output end for leading unit and galianconism Wave guide unit connects rear end coupler respectively, and the long-armed Wave guide unit includes the first coupling
Device, delay waveguide and the second coupler, first coupler connect the output end of front end coupler by silicon waveguide, described
First coupler connects the second coupler by the waveguide that is delayed, and second coupler connects rear end coupler by silicon waveguide
Input, the galianconism Wave guide unit connects the output end of front end coupler and the input of rear end coupler using silicon waveguide
Phase-modulator is provided with end, long-armed Wave guide unit and/or the galianconism Wave guide unit.
Preferably, the delay waveguide is the waveguide of low-loss silicon, silica waveguide, SiON waveguides, Si3N4Waveguide and poly-
Adjustable attenuator is provided with one kind or combination in compound waveguide, the galianconism Wave guide unit.
Preferably, the signal laser and synchronous laser are same multiplexed laser, and the multiplexed laser can be adopted
With time-multiplexed mode transmission signal light and synchronizable optical, the transmitting terminal multiplexer is adaptive multiplexer, and the receiving terminal is answered
It is solution adaptive multiplexer with device.
A kind of quantum key distribution method not triggered based on vacuum state, is comprised the following steps：
1) laser is triggered：Transmitting terminal distinguishes trigger signal laser and synchronous laser hair using same clock signal
Project flashlight and synchronizable optical, the flashlight as modulation light, the synchronizable optical as synchronous transmission of signal to receiving terminal by
Synchroprobe response is used in receiving terminal；
2) state modulation is inveigled：Light path is divided into two-way by the flashlight of signal laser transmitting by 1*2 photoswitches, and each road adds
There are the fixed attenuator of respective attenuation, and the signal state or trick state that signal optical attenuation is answered in pairs, utilize 1*2 photoswitches to select
Different paths select corresponding signal state and inveigle state, and vacuum state do not light to realize using control signal laser；
3) transmitting terminal is interfered：Flashlight is divided into four tunnels by two-way fixed attenuator rear end by 1*4 roads photoswitch respectively, point
Be not connected to phase difference between the different Waveguide interference ring of the four tunnel arm length differences completed by waveguide fabrication, each Waveguide interference ring according to
Secondary is 0, pi/2, π, 3 pi/2s, and selects different paths to carry out break-make selection by 1*4 roads photoswitch, completes transmitting terminal not
The selection of same-phase modulation；
4) automatically controlled adjustable attenuator is decayed to flashlight：The flashlight for completing phase-modulation by depolarizer is disappeared
Partially, light pulse is decayed to single photon magnitude by the flashlight after depolarized by the first adjustable attenuator, and synchronizable optical can by second
Controlled attenuator adjusts synchronizable optical the strength range that can be responded to receiving terminal；
5) flashlight and synchronizable optical throughput subchannel transmission：Flashlight passes through quantum with synchronizable optical after transmitting terminal is compound
Transmission is decomposed again to receiving terminal, and in receiving terminal, and flashlight enters polarization beam apparatus, and synchronizable optical passes through synchronous optical detection
Device is detected；
6) polarization beam apparatus beam splitting：The light of asynchronous polarization is decomposed into horizontal polarization direction by polarization beam apparatus and hung down
Straight polarization direction；
7) receiving terminal is interfered：The flashlight of horizontal polarization direction and vertical polarization is respectively connected to two brachiums of two-way
The different Waveguide interference ring of difference carries out phase-modulation, and phase difference is respectively 0, pi/2, completes the selection of receiving terminal out of phase；
8) single-photon detector is detected：Single-photon detector detects optical signals, and safe key is produced for subsequent treatment.
Preferably, the step 5) in, flashlight and synchronizable optical are combined in transmitting terminal can use wavelength-division multiplex or time-division
The mode of multiplexing is carried out, and decompose correspondence in receiving terminal is carried out using solution wavelength-division multiplex or solution time division multiplexing mode.
Preferably, the step 5) if the mode of flashlight and synchronizable optical multiplexing of transmission is used when being time-multiplexed, the letter
Number laser can send flashlight and synchronizable optical with synchronous laser using any one laser timesharing.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect：
(1) quantum key dispatching system not triggered based on vacuum state of the invention, by increasing by one partially in receiving terminal
Shaken beam splitter, and flashlight is decomposed into two vertical polarization states, is completed using polarization maintaining optical fibre interference ring under respective polarization state
Interference, obtains preferable result of interference, it is to avoid birefringence effect influences polarization state to result of interference in optical fiber transmitting procedure
Influence, while having abandoned deviation-rectifying system, simplify the lengthy and jumbled degree of system, also reduce production cost；
(2) present invention only adjusts a phase, the requirement to used DAC and analogue amplifier by an interference ring
10 minus six powers magnitudes of only existing mode, greatly reduce the requirement of system design.In wherein existing mode, in transmitting terminal
Four phases are adjusted using an interference ring, it is necessary to which high-speed DAC is changed to modulation voltage during this regulation again, needed
High speed analog amplifier is wanted to be amplified to modulation voltage after conversion to the size required by interference ring；In addition, the present invention is used
1*2 photoswitches select different paths to select corresponding signal state and inveigle state, and vacuum state is not sent out using control signal laser
Light is realized, reduces the infrastructure cost of system；
(3) present invention is using the interference ring made by planar optical waveguide, because planar optical waveguide has polarization insensitive,
So that system is without extra polarization compensation means, traditional fiber interferometer is artificial manufacture, precision about tens mostly in addition
Micron dimension, its manufacturing process is complex, and the manufacture craft of waveguide is extremely ripe, can reach sub-micrometer scale, preferably
The key for improving system into code check.
Brief description of the drawings
The theory diagram for the quantum key dispatching system that Fig. 1 is not triggered for the present invention based on vacuum state；
Fig. 2 is the theory diagram of Waveguide interference ring of the present invention.
In figure：Transmitting terminal 100, transmitting terminal driving plate 101, signal laser 102, synchronous laser 103,1*2 photoswitches
104, fixed attenuator 105,1*4 photoswitches 106, Waveguide interference ring 107, the first adjustable attenuator 108, the second adjustable attenuator
109, transmitting terminal multiplexer 110, depolarizer 111, receiving terminal 200, receiving terminal driving plate 201, receiving terminal multiplexer 202, synchronization
Detector 203, polarization beam apparatus 204, single-photon detector 205, front end coupler 1071, rear end coupler 1072, the first coupling
Clutch 1073, be delayed waveguide 1074, the second coupler 1075, silicon waveguide 1076, phase-modulator 1077, the 3rd adjustable attenuator
1078, quantum channel 300.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is clearly and completely described.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of quantum key dispatching system not triggered based on vacuum state, including connected by quantum channel
Transmitting terminal 100 and receiving terminal 200, the transmitting terminal 100 includes transmitting terminal driving plate 101, signal laser 102, synchronous swashs
Light device 103,1*2 photoswitches 104, two-way fixed attenuator 105, two-way 1*4 photoswitches 106, eight road Waveguide interference rings 107,
One adjustable attenuator 108, the second adjustable attenuator 109 and transmitting terminal multiplexer 110, wherein, transmitting terminal multiplexer 110 can be adopted
With wavelength division multiplexer or adaptive multiplexer, 102 points of eight road signal laser is two groups, per the tunnels of Zu Ge tetra-, one of which
For signal state intensity, another group is trick state intensity, described different per the arm length difference of tetra- road Waveguide interference rings of Zu 102, its phase
Difference is respectively 0, and pi/2, π, 3 pi/2s, the signal laser 102 connects two-way fixed attenuator respectively by 1*2 photoswitches 104
105, the two-way fixed attenuator 105 is connected to 1*4 photoswitches 106 all the way, and each 1*4 photoswitch 106 is connected respectively
One group of Waveguide interference ring 107, the output end of two groups of Waveguide interference rings 107 is all connected with the first adjustable attenuator 108, described
One adjustable attenuator 108 connection transmitting terminal multiplexer 110, the synchronous laser 103 is sequentially connected the second adjustable attenuator 109
And transmitting terminal multiplexer 110, first adjustable attenuator 108 is connected transmitting terminal multiplexer with the second adjustable attenuator 109
110 same one end, the transmitting terminal driving plate 101 connects signal laser 102,1*2 photoswitches 104, fixed attenuator respectively
105th, 1*4 photoswitches 106, Waveguide interference ring 107, synchronous laser 103, the first adjustable attenuator 108 and second adjustable decline
Subtract device 109；Wherein, depolarizer 111 is connected between two groups of adjustable attenuators 107 of Waveguide interference ring 107 and first, it is described depolarized
Device 111 is used to polarised light being converted to non-polarized light, to ensure the security of signal optical transmission process；
The receiving terminal 200 includes receiving terminal driving plate 201, receiving terminal multiplexer 202, synchroprobe 203, polarization point
Beam device 204, two-way Waveguide interference ring 107 and single-photon detector 205, wherein, receiving terminal multiplexer 202 can be using solution wavelength-division
Multiplexer or solution adaptive multiplexer, the receiving terminal multiplexer 202 connect transmitting terminal multiplexer 109 by quantum channel 300,
The other end of the receiving terminal multiplexer 202 connects synchroprobe 203 and polarization beam apparatus 204, the polarization beam splitting respectively
Device 204 connects two-way Waveguide interference ring 107 respectively successively, wherein, two-way Waveguide interference ring 107 is respectively connected with two-way single-photon detecting
Device 205 is surveyed, the receiving terminal driving plate 201 connects synchroprobe 203, Waveguide interference ring 107 and single photon detection respectively
Device 205.
As shown in Fig. 2 the Waveguide interference ring 107 includes front end coupler 1071, long-armed Wave guide unit, galianconism waveguide list
Member and rear end coupler 1072, the output end of the front end coupler 1071 connect long-armed Wave guide unit and galianconism ripple respectively
Unit is led, the output end of long-armed Wave guide unit and the galianconism Wave guide unit connects rear end coupler 1072, the length respectively
Arm Wave guide unit includes the first coupler 1073, the delay coupler 1075 of waveguide 1074 and second, first coupler
1073 connect the output end of front end coupler 1071 by silicon waveguide 1076, and first coupler 1073 passes through the waveguide that is delayed
1074 the second couplers 1075 of connection, second coupler 1075 connects the defeated of rear end coupler 1072 by silicon waveguide 1076
Enter end, the galianconism Wave guide unit connects the output end and rear end coupler of front end coupler 1071 using silicon waveguide 1066
Phase-modulator 1077 is provided with 1072 input, long-armed Wave guide unit and/or the galianconism Wave guide unit.
The phase-modulator 1077 makes PN junction using the plasma dispersion effect principle of silicon in silicon waveguide 1076
Structure, the cross section structure of its silicon waveguide 1076 is ridged, and the doped structure of its PN junction includes but is not limited to be PIN-type, reverse PN
Type, MOS structure type.The Carrier Profile for changing PN junction is driven by external voltage, and then changes the refraction of doped region silicon waveguide
Rate reaches the purpose for changing AMZI (unequal arm interferometer) two-arm phase difference.The response speed of phase-modulator 1077 is subnanosecond
Level, it is possible to achieve the high speed adjustment of phase.
The delay waveguide 1074 is the waveguide of low-loss silicon, silica waveguide, SiON waveguides, Si3N4Waveguide and polymer
One kind or combination in waveguide.The function of described delay waveguide 1074 is to provide the delay of light, and it is adopted as low-loss
Waveguide, the loss of unit length is significantly lower than ordinary silicon waveguide.For example, the loss of ordinary silicon waveguide is 2-3dB/cm, and it is sharp
The loss only 0.02dB/cm of the delay waveguide 1074 made of silica material, loss is about the 1/100 of ordinary silicon waveguide.
The material of delay waveguide 1074 includes silicon, silica, SiON, Si3N4, polymer (Polymer) etc..Made using silicon materials
Delay waveguide 1074 is, it is necessary to silicon waveguide be handled by special process such as hydrogen annealing or thermal oxides, the side of reduction silicon waveguide
Wall roughness, to improve the loss of waveguide.Using silica, SiON, Si3N4The delay waveguide 1074 that material makes, it is necessary first to
Material is deposited on silicon base chip using chemical vapour deposition technique (such as PECVD or LPCVD), ultraviolet photolithographic technique is recycled
The mask pattern of delay waveguide 1074 is formed, finally using ICP (inductively coupled plasma etching) etching technics by mask pattern
It is transferred on the material of deposition and forms delay waveguide 1074.When making delay waveguide 1074 using polymer, generally requiring will be poly-
Compound material is uniformly spin-coated on silicon base chip by whirl coating technique, recycles the technique such as photoetching process or nano impression to be formed
The delay waveguide 1074 of polymeric material.The structure of delay waveguide includes bar shaped, ridged, circle, platypelloid type etc..
In another embodiment, the 3rd adjustable attenuator 1078 is provided with the galianconism Wave guide unit, it is described adjustable to decline
Subtract device 1068 can by by the attenuated optical signal in galianconism to it is long-armed in it is consistent, it is possible to decrease to the delay low-loss of waveguide 1074
Requirement.
The first described coupler 1073 provides optical coupled, the second coupler of silicon waveguide 1076 and delay waveguide 1074
1075 provide delay waveguides 1074 and silicon waveguide 1076 it is optical coupled.The knot of first coupler 1073 and the second coupler 1075
Structure includes adiabatic waveguide coupled structure, back taper coupled structure, evanescent wave coupled structure.
The signal laser 102 is same multiplexed laser with synchronous laser 103, and the multiplexed laser can be used
Time-multiplexed mode transmission signal light and synchronizable optical, the transmitting terminal multiplexer 110 are adaptive multiplexer, and the receiving terminal is answered
It is solution adaptive multiplexer with device 202.
Present invention also offers a kind of quantum key distribution method not triggered based on vacuum state, comprise the following steps：
1) laser is triggered：Transmitting terminal distinguishes trigger signal laser and synchronous laser hair using same clock signal
Project flashlight and synchronizable optical, the flashlight as modulation light, the synchronizable optical as synchronous transmission of signal to receiving terminal by
Synchroprobe response is used in receiving terminal；
2) state modulation is inveigled：Light path is divided into two-way by the flashlight of signal laser transmitting by 1*2 photoswitches, and each road adds
There are the fixed attenuator of respective attenuation, and the signal state or trick state that signal optical attenuation is answered in pairs, utilize 1*2 photoswitches to select
Different paths select corresponding signal state and inveigle state, and vacuum state do not light to realize using control signal laser；
3) transmitting terminal is interfered：Flashlight is divided into four tunnels by two-way fixed attenuator rear end by 1*4 roads photoswitch respectively, point
Be not connected to phase difference between the different Waveguide interference ring of the four tunnel arm length differences completed by waveguide fabrication, each Waveguide interference ring according to
Secondary is 0, pi/2, π, 3 pi/2s, and selects different paths to carry out break-make selection by 1*4 roads photoswitch, completes transmitting terminal not
The selection of same-phase modulation；
4) automatically controlled adjustable attenuator is decayed to flashlight：The flashlight for completing phase-modulation by depolarizer is disappeared
Partially, light pulse is decayed to single photon magnitude by the flashlight after depolarized by the first adjustable attenuator, and synchronizable optical can by second
Controlled attenuator adjusts synchronizable optical the strength range that can be responded to receiving terminal；
5) flashlight and synchronizable optical throughput subchannel transmission：Flashlight passes through quantum with synchronizable optical after transmitting terminal is compound
Transmission is decomposed again to receiving terminal, and in receiving terminal, and flashlight enters polarization beam apparatus, and synchronizable optical passes through synchronous optical detection
Device is detected；
6) polarization beam apparatus beam splitting：The light of asynchronous polarization is decomposed into horizontal polarization direction by polarization beam apparatus and hung down
Straight polarization direction；
7) receiving terminal is interfered：The flashlight of horizontal polarization direction and vertical polarization is respectively connected to two brachiums of two-way
The different Waveguide interference ring of difference carries out phase-modulation, and phase difference is respectively 0, pi/2, completes the selection of receiving terminal out of phase；
8) single-photon detector is detected：Single-photon detector detects optical signals, and safe key is produced for subsequent treatment.
Preferably, the step 5) in, flashlight and synchronizable optical are combined in transmitting terminal can use wavelength-division multiplex or time-division
The mode of multiplexing is carried out, and decompose correspondence in receiving terminal is carried out using solution wavelength-division multiplex or solution time division multiplexing mode.
Preferably, the step 5) if the mode of flashlight and synchronizable optical multiplexing of transmission is used when being time-multiplexed, the letter
Number laser can send flashlight and synchronizable optical with synchronous laser using any one laser timesharing.
Knowable to the system architecture and principle of the comprehensive present invention, the invention has the advantages that：
(1) quantum key dispatching system not triggered based on vacuum state of the invention, by increasing by one partially in receiving terminal
Shaken beam splitter, and flashlight is decomposed into two vertical polarization states, is completed using polarization maintaining optical fibre interference ring under respective polarization state
Interference, obtains preferable result of interference, it is to avoid birefringence effect influences polarization state to result of interference in optical fiber transmitting procedure
Influence, while having abandoned deviation-rectifying system, simplify the lengthy and jumbled degree of system, also reduce production cost；
(2) present invention only adjusts a phase, the requirement to used DAC and analogue amplifier by an interference ring
10 minus six powers magnitudes of only existing mode, greatly reduce the requirement of system design.In wherein existing mode, in transmitting terminal
Four phases are adjusted using an interference ring, it is necessary to which high-speed DAC is changed to modulation voltage during this regulation again, needed
High speed analog amplifier is wanted to be amplified to modulation voltage after conversion to the size required by interference ring；In addition, the present invention is used
1*2 photoswitches select different paths to select corresponding signal state and inveigle state, and vacuum state is not sent out using control signal laser
Light is realized, reduces the infrastructure cost of system；
(3) present invention is using the interference ring made by planar optical waveguide, because planar optical waveguide has polarization insensitive,
So that system is without extra polarization compensation means, traditional fiber interferometer is artificial manufacture, precision about tens mostly in addition
Micron dimension, its manufacturing process is complex, and the manufacture craft of waveguide is extremely ripe, can reach sub-micrometer scale, preferably
The key for improving system into code check.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of quantum key dispatching system not triggered based on vacuum state, it is characterised in that：Including being connected by quantum channel
Transmitting terminal and receiving terminal, the transmitting terminal include transmitting terminal driving plate, signal laser, synchronous laser, 1*2 photoswitches,
Two-way fixed attenuator, two-way 1*4 photoswitches, eight road Waveguide interference rings, the first adjustable attenuator, the second adjustable attenuator and
Transmitting terminal multiplexer, eight road signal laser is divided into two groups, per the tunnels of Zu Ge tetra-, and one of which is signal state intensity, another
Group is inveigles state intensity, and described different per the road Waveguide interference ring arm length differences of Zu tetra-, its phase difference is respectively 0, pi/2, π, 3 pi/2s,
The signal laser connects two-way fixed attenuator respectively by 1*2 photoswitches, and the two-way fixed attenuator is connected respectively
There are 1*4 photoswitches all the way, each 1*4 photoswitch connects one group of Waveguide interference ring, the output of two groups of Waveguide interference rings respectively
End is all connected with the first adjustable attenuator, and first adjustable attenuator connects transmitting terminal multiplexer, and the synchronous laser is successively
The second adjustable attenuator and transmitting terminal multiplexer are connected, first adjustable attenuator is connected transmitting with the second adjustable attenuator
Same one end of multiplexer is held, the transmitting terminal driving plate connects signal laser, 1*2 photoswitches, fixed attenuator, 1*4 respectively
Photoswitch, Waveguide interference ring, synchronous laser, the first adjustable attenuator and the second adjustable attenuator；
The receiving terminal is done including receiving terminal driving plate, receiving terminal multiplexer, synchroprobe, polarization beam apparatus, two-way waveguide
Ring and single-photon detector are related to, the receiving terminal multiplexer connects transmitting terminal multiplexer, the receiving terminal by quantum channel
The other end of multiplexer connects synchroprobe and polarization beam apparatus respectively, and the polarization beam apparatus connects two-way ripple respectively successively
Interference ring is led, wherein, two-way Waveguide interference ring is respectively connected with two-way single-photon detector, and the receiving terminal driving plate is connected respectively
Synchroprobe, Waveguide interference ring and single-photon detector.
2. the quantum key dispatching system as claimed in claim 1 not triggered based on vacuum state, it is characterised in that the waveguide
Interference ring includes front end coupler, long-armed Wave guide unit, galianconism Wave guide unit and rear end coupler, the front end coupler
Output end connects long-armed Wave guide unit and galianconism Wave guide unit respectively, long-armed Wave guide unit and the galianconism Wave guide unit
Output end connects rear end coupler respectively, and the long-armed Wave guide unit includes the first coupler, delay waveguide and the second coupling
Device, first coupler connects the output end of front end coupler by silicon waveguide, and first coupler passes through the waveguide that is delayed
The second coupler is connected, second coupler connects the input of rear end coupler, the galianconism waveguide list by silicon waveguide
Member using the output end of silicon waveguide connection front end coupler and the input of rear end coupler, the long-armed Wave guide unit and/
Or it is provided with phase-modulator on galianconism Wave guide unit.
3. the quantum key dispatching system as claimed in claim 2 not triggered based on vacuum state, it is characterised in that the delay
Waveguide is the waveguide of low-loss silicon, silica waveguide, SiON waveguides, Si3N4One kind or group in waveguide and polymer waveguide
Close, adjustable attenuator is provided with the galianconism Wave guide unit.
4. the quantum key dispatching system as claimed in claim 2 not triggered based on vacuum state, it is characterised in that the signal
Laser is same multiplexed laser with synchronous laser, and the multiplexed laser can use time-multiplexed mode transmission signal
Light and synchronizable optical, the transmitting terminal multiplexer are adaptive multiplexer, and the receiving terminal multiplexer is solution adaptive multiplexer.
5. a kind of quantum key distribution method not triggered based on vacuum state, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) laser is triggered：Transmitting terminal using same clock signal, launch respectively by trigger signal laser and synchronous laser
Flashlight and synchronizable optical, the flashlight is as modulation light, and the synchronizable optical is as synchronous transmission of signal to receiving terminal by synchronization
Explorer response is used in receiving terminal；
2) state modulation is inveigled：Light path is divided into two-way by the flashlight of signal laser transmitting by 1*2 photoswitches, and each road is added with phase
The fixed attenuator that should decay, and the signal state or trick state that signal optical attenuation is answered in pairs, utilize 1*2 photoswitches to select different
Path selects corresponding signal state and inveigles state, and vacuum state do not light to realize using control signal laser；
3) transmitting terminal is interfered：Flashlight is divided into four tunnels by two-way fixed attenuator rear end by 1*4 roads photoswitch respectively, is connected respectively
The phase difference being connected between the different Waveguide interference ring of the four tunnel arm length differences completed by waveguide fabrication, each Waveguide interference ring is followed successively by
0, pi/2, π, 3 pi/2s, and select different paths to carry out break-make selection by 1*4 roads photoswitch, complete the different phases of transmitting terminal
The selection of position modulation；
4) automatically controlled adjustable attenuator is decayed to flashlight：The flashlight progress for completing phase-modulation by depolarizer is depolarized,
Light pulse is decayed to single photon magnitude by flashlight after depolarized by the first adjustable attenuator, and synchronizable optical adjustable declines by second
Subtract device and synchronizable optical is adjusted to the strength range that can be responded to receiving terminal；
5) flashlight and synchronizable optical throughput subchannel transmission：Flashlight passes through quantum channel with synchronizable optical after transmitting terminal is compound
Transmit to receiving terminal, and decomposed again in receiving terminal, flashlight enters polarization beam apparatus, synchronizable optical is visited by synchronous photo-detector
Survey；
6) polarization beam apparatus beam splitting：The light of asynchronous polarization is decomposed into horizontal polarization direction and vertical inclined by polarization beam apparatus
Shake direction；
7) receiving terminal is interfered：The flashlight of horizontal polarization direction and vertical polarization is respectively connected to two arm length differences of two-way not
Same Waveguide interference ring carries out phase-modulation, and phase difference is respectively 0, pi/2, completes the selection of receiving terminal out of phase；
8) single-photon detector is detected：Single-photon detector detects optical signals, and safe key is produced for subsequent treatment.
6. the quantum key distribution method as claimed in claim 5 not triggered based on vacuum state, it is characterised in that the step
5) in, flashlight is combined with synchronizable optical in transmitting terminal to be carried out using wavelength-division multiplex or time-multiplexed mode, in receiving terminal
Correspondence is decomposed to carry out using solution wavelength-division multiplex or solution time division multiplexing mode.
7. the quantum key distribution method as claimed in claim 6 not triggered based on vacuum state, it is characterised in that the step
5) if the mode of flashlight and synchronizable optical multiplexing of transmission uses time division multiplexing, the signal laser can be adopted with synchronous laser
Flashlight and synchronizable optical are sent with any one laser timesharing.
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