CN107240686B - High-performance large-current start-stop battery lead paste and start-stop battery - Google Patents
High-performance large-current start-stop battery lead paste and start-stop battery Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/56—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of lead
- H01M4/57—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of lead of "grey lead", i.e. powders containing lead and lead oxide
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-performance large-current start-stop battery lead plaster, which comprises an anode lead plaster and a cathode lead plaster, wherein the anode lead plaster is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-1.0% of carbon fiber, 0.1-0.5% of graphene, 1.0-3.0% of graphite, 3.0-8.0% of 4BS crystal seed, 5-10% of dilute sulfuric acid, 0.01-0.1% of rare earth and the balance of lead powder. The negative lead plaster is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-1.0% of carbon fiber, 0.1-0.5% of graphene, 5.0-10% of active carbon, 5.0-10.0% of barium sulfate, 2.0-5.0% of humic acid, 1.0-5.0% of lignin, 5-10% of dilute sulfuric acid and the balance of lead powder. The invention can prolong the cycle life of the battery, increase the battery capacity and maintain the charge and discharge capacity of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of storage batteries, in particular to high-performance high-current start-stop battery lead paste and a start-stop battery.
Background
The start-stop system battery technology is the central importance for promoting the development of new energy automobile industry, and the lead-acid storage battery is required to have high-current discharge performance, high charge receiving performance, high durability and long cycle life.
When an automobile is started and stopped, a storage battery is used, usually a lead-acid battery, provides a starting and ignition function, when the automobile stops and an engine is turned off when a red light or other road conditions are met, the automobile is restarted and is frequently started and stopped when a green light is turned on, the service life of the battery is shortened, the service life of the battery can be prolonged, the automobile is started and ignited, and energy is recovered and stored in the battery in the braking and decelerating process, so that the problem in the research and development of the battery is solved.
In the current lead-acid battery lead paste formula, for example, chinese patent application No. 201310296767.9, the patent name is "a lead-acid battery positive lead paste formula", application No. 201210552186.2, the patent name is "a lead paste for battery storage in high temperature area", and there is no report on a battery for start-stop technology of frequent start and stop and a lead paste preparation method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of improving a high-performance large-current start-stop battery with long service life and good performance.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the high-performance large-current start-stop battery lead paste comprises a positive lead paste and a negative lead paste, wherein the positive lead paste is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-1.0% of carbon fiber, 0.1-0.5% of graphene, 1.0-3.0% of graphite, 3.0-8.0% of 4BS crystal seed, 5-10% of dilute sulfuric acid, 0.01-0.1% of rare earth and the balance of lead powder.
The negative lead plaster is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-1.0% of carbon fiber, 0.1-0.5% of graphene, 5.0-10% of active carbon, 5.0-10.0% of barium sulfate, 2.0-5.0% of humic acid, 1.0-5.0% of lignin, 5-10% of dilute sulfuric acid and the balance of lead powder.
The anode lead paste comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.5% of carbon fiber, 0.3% of graphene, 2% of graphite, 5% of 4BS seed crystal, 0.05% of rare earth, 8% of dilute sulfuric acid and the balance of lead powder.
The negative electrode lead paste comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.5% of carbon fiber, 0.3% of graphene, 7% of active carbon, 7% of barium sulfate, 3.5% of humic acid, 3% of lignin, 8% of dilute sulfuric acid and the balance of lead powder.
The rare earth is any one of La or Ge or a mixture of the La and the Ge in any proportion.
The carbon fiber is T700 carbon fiber.
The preparation method of the positive lead paste comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, preparing graphene into emulsion (graphene emulsion) for later use;
(2) firstly putting 1/3-1/2 amount of lead powder into a 0.8 ton vacuum paste mixer, pouring carbon fibers, graphite, 4BS seed crystal and rare earth into the lead powder of the paste mixer, stirring for about 5 minutes, then putting the rest lead powder into the mixer, stirring for about 5 minutes, adding water, stirring for 2 minutes, then adding graphene emulsion, then adding dilute sulfuric acid, stirring for about 15 minutes while adding, and controlling the highest temperature to be about 75 ℃ for 3-5 minutes;
(3) and (4) completely adding the lead paste, finally stirring and cooling to about 5 ℃ of the temperature difference with the ambient temperature, and measuring the apparent density to meet the requirement, namely finishing the preparation of the anode lead paste.
The preparation method of the negative lead paste comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing the graphene into emulsion (graphene emulsion) for later use;
(2)1.0 ton vacuum paste mixer, firstly putting 1/3-1/2 amount of lead powder, pouring carbon fiber, active carbon, barium sulfate, humic acid and lignin into the lead powder of the paste mixer, stirring for about 5 minutes, then putting the rest lead powder, stirring for about 5 minutes, adding water, stirring for 2 minutes, then adding graphene emulsion, then adding dilute sulfuric acid, stirring for about 15 minutes while adding, and controlling the highest temperature at about 75 ℃ for 3-5 minutes;
(3) and (4) completely adding the lead paste, finally stirring and cooling to about 5 ℃ of the temperature difference with the ambient temperature, and measuring that the apparent density meets the requirement, namely finishing the preparation of the negative lead paste.
The preparation method of the 4BS seed crystal comprises the following steps:
(1) adding lead blocks into a roller of a ball mill, installing a spray pipe at an air inlet of the ball mill, uniformly feeding water dropped from the spray pipe into the ball mill along with the air fed from the air inlet, and feeding the water onto lead particles and lead powder to ensure that the oxidation degree and apparent density of the lead powder meet the requirements, and collecting to obtain lead oxide powder;
(2) drying lead oxide powder in a dryer at the temperature of 350-420 ℃ for 30 minutes, sending the lead oxide powder into a heat preservation box for heat preservation, then weighing 100kg of the dried lead oxide powder, immediately putting the lead oxide powder into a reaction kettle, adding 20kg of dilute sulfuric acid, starting a stirrer, and continuously stirring and reacting for 60 minutes;
(3) continuously adding 50kg of dried lead oxide powder and 10kg of dilute sulfuric acid into the reaction kettle, heating the reaction kettle to 52-55 ℃, stirring for 20 minutes, standing for 30 minutes, then starting stirring, stirring for 10 minutes, ensuring that the lead oxide powder completely and completely reacts to form yellowish milk, and further improving and guaranteeing the quality of the generated finished product;
(4) opening a discharge valve of the reaction kettle, injecting the discharge valve into centrifugal equipment, and separating liquid from solid by using the centrifugal equipment, wherein the liquid is actually wastewater after reaction, and the solid is tetrabasic lead sulfate;
(5) introducing the separated wastewater into a wastewater collection barrel through a water pump for preparing dilute sulfuric acid, wherein the solid tetrabasic lead sulfate is a wet blocky white solid at the moment;
(6) and (3) putting the massive solid tetrabasic lead sulfate into a drying box for drying, and then putting the dried massive solid tetrabasic lead sulfate into a crusher for grinding and crushing to obtain the 4BS crystal seed. The crystal seed has the advantages of low impurity content and high purity, a sample is granular after ball milling, the particle size is less than 1 micron, the quality is good, and the performance of the storage battery can be obviously improved.
Another object of the invention is to provide a start-stop battery containing the above lead paste, suitable for use in a vented (flooded) exhaust battery, the battery having one or more vents in the lid of the battery to allow venting of gaseous products; an enhanced exhaust type accumulator is provided, which aims to carry a start-stop system automobile and has enhanced performance.
The carbon fiber mainly has the following functions:
1. the strength between active substances is enhanced, the active substances are prevented from falling off and softening, and the service life of the battery is prolonged;
2. active substance particles are refined to form a conductive network, so that the current distribution is more uniform, and the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery is improved.
The graphene has the following functions:
1. the conductivity and the heavy-current discharge capacity of the active substance are enhanced, and the sulfation of the negative electrode is prevented;
2. the charge acceptance of the battery is improved;
3. the utilization rate of active substances is improved, and the capacity is improved.
Function of 4BS seed:
1. enhancing the matrix strength of the active;
2. the porosity of the active substance is increased, and the content of free lead during curing is reduced;
3. the service life of the battery is prolonged.
The function of the activated carbon:
1. enhancing the conductivity of the active substance and preventing sulfation;
2. the large-current discharge capacity is enhanced;
3. the charge acceptance is improved.
The effect of the rare earth:
1. the porosity of the active material is increased, and the battery capacity is improved;
2. reduce the oxygen evolution of the anode, reduce the water loss of the battery and prolong the service life of the battery.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can prolong the cycle life of the battery, increase the battery capacity and maintain the charge and discharge capacity of the battery.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
In examples 1 to 5, the carbon fiber in the positive electrode lead paste was T700 carbon fiber, the rare earth was La, and the following raw materials were used in percentage by weight:
| components | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 |
| Carbon fiber | 0.5％ | 0.3％ | 0.7％ | 0.1％ | 1％ |
| Graphene | 0.3％ | 0.2％ | 0.4％ | 0.5％ | 0.1％ |
| Graphite (II) | 2％ | 1.5％ | 2.5％ | 1％ | 3％ |
| 4BS seed crystal | 5％ | 4％ | 6％ | 8％ | 3％ |
| Rare earth element | 0.05％ | 0.03％ | 0.07％ | 0.01％ | 0.1％ |
| Dilute sulfuric acid | 8％ | 7％ | 9％ | 6％ | 10％ |
| Lead powder | Balance of | Balance of | Balance of | Balance of | Balance of |
In examples 1 to 5, the carbon fiber in the negative electrode lead paste was T700 carbon fiber, and the weight percentages of the other raw materials were as follows:
| components | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 |
| Carbon fiber | 0.5％ | 0.3％ | 0.7％ | 0.1％ | 1％ |
| Graphene | 0.3％ | 0.2％ | 0.4％ | 0.5％ | 0.1％ |
| Activated carbon | 7％ | 6％ | 8％ | 5％ | 10％ |
| Barium sulfate | 7％ | 6％ | 8％ | 10％ | 5％ |
| Humic acid | 3.5％ | 3％ | 4％ | 2％ | 5％ |
| Lignin | 3％ | 2％ | 4％ | 5％ | 1％ |
| Dilute sulfuric acid | 8％ | 7％ | 9％ | 6％ | 10％ |
| Lead powder | Balance of | Balance of | Balance of | Balance of | Balance of |
The formulation method of examples 1-5 is as follows:
the preparation method of the positive lead paste comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, preparing graphene into emulsion (graphene emulsion) for later use;
(2) firstly putting 1/3-1/2 amount of lead powder into a 0.8 ton vacuum paste mixer, pouring carbon fibers, graphite, 4BS seed crystal and rare earth into the lead powder of the paste mixer, stirring for about 5 minutes, then putting the rest lead powder into the mixer, stirring for about 5 minutes, adding water, stirring for 2 minutes, then adding graphene emulsion, then adding dilute sulfuric acid, stirring for about 15 minutes while adding, and controlling the highest temperature to be about 75 ℃ for 3-5 minutes;
(3) and (4) completely adding the lead paste, finally stirring and cooling to about 5 ℃ of the temperature difference with the ambient temperature, and measuring the apparent density to meet the requirement, namely finishing the preparation of the anode lead paste.
The preparation method of the negative lead paste comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing the graphene into emulsion (graphene emulsion) for later use;
(2)1.0 ton vacuum paste mixer, firstly putting 1/3-1/2 amount of lead powder, pouring carbon fiber, active carbon, barium sulfate, humic acid and lignin into the lead powder of the paste mixer, stirring for about 5 minutes, then putting the rest lead powder, stirring for about 5 minutes, adding water, stirring for 2 minutes, then adding graphene emulsion, then adding dilute sulfuric acid, stirring for about 15 minutes while adding, and controlling the highest temperature at about 75 ℃ for 3-5 minutes;
(3) and (4) completely adding the lead paste, finally stirring and cooling to about 5 ℃ of the temperature difference with the ambient temperature, and measuring that the apparent density meets the requirement, namely finishing the preparation of the negative lead paste.
The start-stop battery prepared by the lead paste is tested:
capacity test
Within 1-5 h after the storage battery is fully charged, when the temperature of the electrolyte In any cell In the middle of the storage battery is 25 +/-2 ℃, the In A current is discharged until the voltage of the storage battery end is 10.50V +/-0.05V, and the change of the current value In the discharging time is not more than +/-2%.
And recording the terminal voltage of the storage battery and the temperature of the electrolyte every 2h in the discharging process. When the voltage reaches 10.80V, the terminal voltage of the storage battery is measured at any time, and when the terminal voltage reaches 10.50V +/-0.10V, the discharge is stopped and the discharge time and temperature are recorded.
Actual capacity converted to a reference temperature of 25 ℃ according to equation (1):
Ce＝In×t[1-0.01(T-25)]…………………………………(1)
in the formula:
Ceactual volume at 25 ℃ Ah
t-discharge time, unit h
T-Final temperature, in deg.C
0.01-temperature coefficient, unit: 1/. degree.C
Second, reserve capacity
Within 1 h-5 h after the storage battery is completely charged, when the temperature of the electrolyte in any cell in the middle of the storage battery is 25 +/-2 ℃, discharging at a current of 25A until the voltage of the storage battery is 10.50V +/-0.05V, and stopping. The variation of the current value in the discharge time is not more than + -1%.
And recording the terminal voltage of the storage battery and the temperature of the electrolyte every 10min in the discharging process. When the voltage reaches 11.0V, the terminal voltage of the storage battery is measured at any time, and when the terminal voltage reaches 10.50V +/-0.05V, the discharge is stopped and the discharge time and temperature are recorded.
Actual capacity converted to a reference temperature of 25 ℃ according to equation (2):
Cr,e＝t[1–0,009(T–25)]………………………………………(2)
in the formula:
actual storage capacity of Cr, e-25 ℃ in unit of min
t-duration of discharge, unit: min
T-final electrolyte temperature, unit: c
0.009-temperature coefficient, unit: 1/. degree C
The test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Start-stop cycle capability
The following cycle was repeated 3600 times for a fully charged battery in a thermostatted water bath at 25 ℃ ± 2 ℃:
a) discharging at 45A for 59.0S and then at 300A for 1S;
b) charging 60S at a constant voltage of 14.4V (current limit 100A);
the above (a + b) is 1 cycle, and 3600 cycles are 1 cycle unit.
The cycle is repeated every 3600 times, the storage battery is required to be opened and kept still for 48h, and then the cycle is started again.
The terminal voltage of the battery at the time of discharging for 1S at 300A in each cycle was measured, and the test was terminated when the terminal voltage was lower than 7.20V. The number of times of the circulation unit is not counted in the circulation unit.
The storage battery is tested according to the conditions, and the number of the storage battery reaches the unit number in the table 2 according to the specification.
TABLE 2
| Specification of | 30Ah | 40Ah | 50Ah | 60Ah | 70Ah | 80Ah | 92Ah | 105Ah |
| Number of circulating units | 6 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 16 | 18 | 20 |
Vibration resistance
The storage battery is continuously charged for 20h at the voltage of 14.40V +/-0.01V (current limiting 5InA) under the condition of 25 +/-2 ℃, and then continuously charged for 4h by 0.5 InA. The battery is determined to be in a fully charged state at this time. And standing at 25 +/-2 ℃ for 24 h.
The storage battery adopts the following fixing mode according to the structure:
-lower fixation: fixing the storage battery on a vibration table by using an M8 bolt and a torque of 15 Nm-25 Nm;
-upper fixation: the battery was pressed with an angle iron of 15mm width and fixed on a vibrating table with M8 bolts with a torque of 8Nm to 12 Nm.
The accumulator vibrates vertically for 2h under the frequency of 30Hz +/-2 Hz and the sine curve condition of the maximum acceleration of 30(m/s 2).
And (4) checking whether the storage battery has liquid leakage and damage phenomena at any time in the vibration process.
Within 4h after vibration at 25 +/-2 ℃, discharging the storage battery for 30S by using the Icc A current without charging at the ambient temperature of 25 +/-2 ℃, and recording the terminal voltage of the storage battery.
No leakage and breakage occurred in the above strip test, and the discharge was carried out for 30S at Icc A, and the terminal voltage was 9.20V.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (2)
1. A lead plaster of a large-current start-stop battery is characterized by comprising a positive lead plaster and a negative lead plaster;
the positive lead plaster is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 0.5% of carbon fiber, 0.3% of graphene, 2% of graphite, 5% of 4BS seed crystal, 0.05% of rare earth, 8% of dilute sulfuric acid and the balance of lead powder;
the rare earth is La;
the negative lead plaster is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 0.5% of carbon fiber, 0.3% of graphene, 7% of active carbon, 7% of barium sulfate, 3.5% of humic acid, 3% of lignin, 8% of dilute sulfuric acid and the balance of lead powder;
the carbon fiber is T700 carbon fiber;
the preparation method of the positive lead paste comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, preparing graphene into emulsion for later use;
(2) firstly putting 1/3-1/2 mass of lead powder into a 0.8 ton vacuum paste mixer, pouring carbon fibers, graphite, 4BS seed crystals and rare earth into the lead powder of the paste mixer, stirring for 5 minutes, then putting the rest lead powder, stirring for 5 minutes, adding water, stirring for 2 minutes, then adding graphene emulsion, then adding dilute sulfuric acid, stirring for 15 minutes while adding, and controlling the highest temperature at 75 ℃ for 3-5 minutes;
(3) after all the lead paste is added, stirring and cooling are carried out till the temperature difference with the ambient temperature is 5 ℃, and the apparent density is measured to meet the requirement, namely the preparation of the positive lead paste is finished;
the preparation method of the negative lead paste comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing graphene into emulsion for later use;
(2)1.0 ton vacuum paste mixer, firstly putting 1/3-1/2 amount of lead powder, pouring carbon fiber, activated carbon, barium sulfate, humic acid and lignin into the lead powder of the paste mixer, stirring for 5 minutes, then putting the rest lead powder, stirring for 5 minutes, adding water, stirring for 2 minutes, then adding graphene emulsion, then adding dilute sulfuric acid, stirring for 15 minutes while adding, and controlling the highest temperature at 75 ℃ for 3-5 minutes;
(3) and (4) completely adding the lead paste, finally stirring and cooling to 5 ℃ of difference with the ambient temperature, and measuring apparent density to meet the requirement, namely finishing the preparation of the negative lead paste.
2. A start-stop battery comprising the lead paste of claim 1.
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| CN108365179B (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2021-01-01 | 济源职业技术学院 | Lead storage battery positive plate with 4 BS-graphene as additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN112490437B (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-12-21 | 浙江天能汽车电池有限公司 | Formula of lead paste for positive plate of start-stop storage battery, positive plate and preparation method of positive plate |
| CN112652765B (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-12-28 | 超威电源集团有限公司 | Negative electrode lead paste of lead-acid storage battery, preparation method of negative electrode lead paste and negative plate |
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| JP4970348B2 (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2012-07-04 | 古河電池株式会社 | Negative electrode active material mixture for lead-acid batteries |
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| CN103811751A (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2014-05-21 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | Lead carbon battery anode diachylon as well as preparation method thereof, lead carbon battery anode plate as well as lead carbon battery |
| CN103227316A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-07-31 | 江苏海德森能源有限公司 | Positive electrode plate of lead-acid battery and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106129357A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2016-11-16 | 安徽轰达电源有限公司 | The solid lead carbon battery lead plaster of deep glue-type spy |
| CN106784716A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 双登集团股份有限公司 | The special anode diachylon of lead carbon battery |
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