CN107231092A - 具有pwm控制器外加短路保护电路的开关电源 - Google Patents

具有pwm控制器外加短路保护电路的开关电源 Download PDF

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CN107231092A
CN107231092A CN201710545873.4A CN201710545873A CN107231092A CN 107231092 A CN107231092 A CN 107231092A CN 201710545873 A CN201710545873 A CN 201710545873A CN 107231092 A CN107231092 A CN 107231092A
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circuit
controller
short
power supply
circuit protection
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吴晖
李光伟
何委隆
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Tianjin Kangtu Science And Technology Co Ltd
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Tianjin Kangtu Science And Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/1213Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for DC-DC converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33561Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having more than one ouput with independent control
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33592Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

一种具有PWM控制器外加短路保护电路的开关电源,包括与控制器电路相连的短路保护电路,控制器电路的供电方式为变压器反馈绕组供电,短路保护电路包括NPN三极管Q1和二极管D1,Q1集电极与控制器电源输入端VCC相连,Q1发射极接开关电源输入侧的地,Q1基极与二极管D1阴极相连,二极管D1阳极与控制器的电流检测脚ISENSE相连。本发明由于在控制器电路上设置了短路保护电路,解决了电源输出端短路时,输入电流过大的问题,真正起到了短路保护作用;同时由于短路保护电路只包括一个二极管和一个三极管,因此成本低、结构简单、占用空间小,适合元件密度高、空间有限开关电源使用。

Description

具有PWM控制器外加短路保护电路的开关电源
技术领域
本发明属于电梯领域,尤其是涉及电梯用具有PWM控制器外加短路保护电路的开关电源。
背景技术
具有PWM控制器外加短路保护电路的开关电源因其效率高、体积小的特点获得广泛的应用。在交换设备、接入设备、移动通讯、微波通讯以及光传输、路由器等通信领域均大量使用开关电源。随着技术的不断发展,开关电源效率愈益提高,体积愈益小型化。
3843是一种常用的电流型PWM控制器,因其电路灵活和价格低廉的特点,得到广泛应用。
如图2所示,电流型PWM控制器,当电流检测脚检测到限流电阻上的电压达到阈值时,控制器输出信号使开关管关断;未达到阈值时,控制器输出信号使开关管导通。
控制器IC所具备的短路保护功能通常是“打嗝”模式。当电源正常工作时,电感电流按一定斜率上升,限流电阻R9与T1的初级绕组串联,流过限流电阻R9的电流即初级绕组的电流,电流信号转为电压信号输入控制器3843的3脚即电流检测比较器的输入脚,当限流电阻R9上的电压达到电流检测比较器的阈值时,控制器3843控制MOS管TR1关断。当电源输出端短路时,理想状态下,次级电压为零,反馈绕组T1B也应该下降为零,3843处于欠压状态,开关管TR1关断,输入电流为零;然后电源重新启动,给电容C1充电,启动时间与启动电阻R1和电容C1有关。如果短路故障没有移除,则循环上述动作,形成“打嗝”保护模式。
实际上,当电源输出端短路时,由于变压器漏感或者次级输出阻抗过大,反射到反馈绕组T1B的电压会比较高,则电容C1放电量少,再次充电时间短,如此一来,输入电流会比较高,短路保护功能基本上没有起到作用,为此,如何解决电源输出端短路时的短路保护问题成为本领域技术人员急需解决的问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明旨在提供一种电源输出端短路时,具有短路保护功能的具有PWM控制器外加短路保护电路的开关电源。
为达到上述目的,本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
一种具有PWM控制器外加短路保护电路的开关电源,包括输入滤波电路、控制器电路、功率变换电路、输出整流滤波电路以及反馈电路;所述的输入滤波电路的输出端与控制器电路的输入端及所述功率变换电路的输入端连接,所述控制器电路的输出端与所述功率变换电路的输入端相连,所述功率变换电路的输出端与所述输出整流滤波电路的输入端相连,所述输出整流滤波电路的输出端与所述反馈电路的输入端相连,所述反馈电路的输出端与所述控制器电路相连;所述的具有PWM控制器外加短路保护电路的开关电源还包括一在开关电源输出短路时的短路保护电路,所述短路保护电路与所述控制器电路相连,所述控制器电路的供电方式为变压器反馈绕组供电,所述短路保护电路包括一个NPN三极管Q1和一个二极管D1,所述NPN三极管Q1的集电极与所述控制器电路中控制器的电源输入端VCC相连,NPN三极管Q1的发射极接具有PWM控制器外加短路保护电路的开关电源输入侧的地,NPN三极管Q1的基极与二极管D1的阴极相连,所述的二极管D1阳极与所述控制器电路中控制器的电流检测脚ISENSE相连。
所述控制器为电流型PWM控制器。
所述控制器为3843。
所述控制器为3842。
相对于现有技术,本发明所述的具有PWM控制器外加短路保护电路的开关电源具有以下优势:
由于采用上述技术方案:
1.本发明由于在控制器电路上设置了短路保护电路,解决了电源输出端短路时,输入电流过大的问题,真正起到了短路保护作用;同时由于短路保护电路只包括一个二极管和一个三极管,因此成本低、结构简单、占用空间小,适合元件密度高、空间有限的具有PWM控制器外加短路保护电路的开关电源使用;
2.控制器采用电流型PWM控制器3842或3843,电路灵活,价格低廉。
附图说明
构成本发明的一部分的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中:
图1是本发明的电路原理图;
图2是现有技术的电路原理图;
图3是本发明原理框图。
图中:1.短路保护电路,2.控制器电路,3.部分反馈电路,4.功率变换电路。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”等的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中,除非另有说明,“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以通过具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
如图1-3所示,一种具有PWM控制器外加短路保护电路的开关电源,包括输入滤波电路(图1、图2中未示出)、控制器电路、功率变换电路、输出整流滤波电路(图1、图2中未示出)以及反馈电路;所述的输入滤波电路的输出端与控制器电路的输入端及所述功率变换电路的输入端连接,所述控制器电路的输出端与所述功率变换电路的输入端相连,所述功率变换电路的输出端与所述输出整流滤波电路的输入端相连,所述输出整流滤波电路的输出端与所述反馈电路的输入端相连,所述反馈电路的输出端与所述控制器电路相连;所述的具有PWM控制器外加短路保护电路的开关电源还包括一在开关电源输出短路时的短路保护电路,所述短路保护电路与所述控制器电路相连,所述控制器电路的供电方式为变压器反馈绕组供电,所述短路保护电路包括一个NPN三极管Q1和一个二极管D1,所述NPN三极管Q1的集电极与所述控制器电路中控制器的电源输入端VCC相连,NPN三极管Q1的发射极接具有PWM控制器外加短路保护电路的开关电源输入侧的地,NPN三极管Q1的基极与二极管D1的阴极相连,所述的二极管D1阳极与所述控制器电路中控制器的电流检测脚ISENSE相连。
所述控制器为电流型PWM控制器。
所述控制器为3843。
所述控制器为3842。
工作原理:
当次级输出短路,次级电流瞬间变大,电流变化过程很短暂,在此过程中,初级电感电流也会跟随增大,因为从电流检测脚检测到限流电阻上的电流超出阈值到控制器输出关断信号有一定的延迟时间,这段时间内限流电阻上的电流比设定的阈值电流大很多,则电流检测脚上的电压远大于1V,超过三极管Q1基极门限电压和二极管D1导通电压的和,使得三极管Q1呈开关导通状态,控制器的输入电容C1能够快速放电,延长了再次充电的时间,使输入电流大大减小,达到短路保护的目的。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种具有PWM控制器外加短路保护电路的开关电源,其特征在于:包括输入滤波电路、控制器电路、功率变换电路、输出整流滤波电路以及反馈电路;所述的输入滤波电路的输出端与控制器的输入端及所述功率变换电路的输入端连接,所述控制器电路的输出端与所述功率变换电路的输入端相连,所述功率变换电路的输出端与所述输出整流滤波电路的输入端相连,所述输出整流滤波电路的输出端与所述反馈电路的输入端相连,所述反馈电路的输出端与所述控制器电路相连;所述的具有PWM控制器外加短路保护电路的开关电源还包括一在开关电源输出端短路时的短路保护电路,所述短路保护电路与所述控制器电路相连,所述控制器电路的供电方式为变压器反馈绕组供电,所述短路保护电路包括一个NPN三极管Q1和一个二极管D1,所述NPN三极管Q1的集电极与所述控制器电路中控制器的电源输入端VCC相连,NPN三极管Q1的发射极接具有PWM控制器外加短路保护电路的开关电源输入侧的地,NPN三极管Q1的基极与二极管D1的阴极相连,所述的二极管D1阳极与所述控制器电路中控制器的电流检测脚ISENSE相连。
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有PWM控制器外加短路保护电路的开关电源,其特征在于:所述控制器为电流型PWM控制器。
3.根据权利要求2所述的具有PWM控制器外加短路保护电路的开关电源,其特征在于:所述控制器为3843。
4.根据权利要求2所述的具有PWM控制器外加短路保护电路的开关电源,其特征在于:所述控制器为3842。
CN201710545873.4A 2017-07-06 2017-07-06 具有pwm控制器外加短路保护电路的开关电源 Withdrawn CN107231092A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI774085B (zh) * 2020-09-04 2022-08-11 大陸商昂寶電子(上海)有限公司 脈衝寬度調變控制晶片和電源轉換系統

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI774085B (zh) * 2020-09-04 2022-08-11 大陸商昂寶電子(上海)有限公司 脈衝寬度調變控制晶片和電源轉換系統
US11671021B2 (en) 2020-09-04 2023-06-06 On-Bright Electronics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Systems and methods for providing power to pulse-width-modulation controllers of power converters during normal operation

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