CN107229213A - A kind of sapphire for small-sized hydrogen atomic clock loads microwave cavity - Google Patents
A kind of sapphire for small-sized hydrogen atomic clock loads microwave cavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN107229213A CN107229213A CN201710650005.2A CN201710650005A CN107229213A CN 107229213 A CN107229213 A CN 107229213A CN 201710650005 A CN201710650005 A CN 201710650005A CN 107229213 A CN107229213 A CN 107229213A
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- sapphire
- microwave cavity
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- atomic clock
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
- G04F5/00—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards
- G04F5/14—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards using atomic clocks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION, OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/26—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using energy levels of molecules, atoms, or subatomic particles as a frequency reference
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- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of sapphire for small-sized hydrogen atomic clock and loads microwave cavity, including microwave cavity cylinder, sapphire filled media and hydrogen atom storage bubble, wherein sapphire filled media is arranged at microwave cavity cylinder inside, includes first medium ring, second medium ring and the 3rd dielectric ring of wedge shape superposition connection；Hydrogen atom storage bubble is arranged at first medium ring, second medium ring and the 3rd dielectric ring and surrounds interior volume.The present invention is separated by the loading to sapphire microwave cavity with storage, reliability, the raising of index performance, cost control are taken into account simultaneously, microwave cavity is loaded there is provided a kind of high reliability, high performance sapphire as the loading material of microwave cavity using the wedge-shaped sapphire superposition dielectric ring in three parts.In the case of whole cavity appearance and size and traditional scheme identical is ensured, internal packing volume is considerably increased, the miniaturization of atomic clock has both been ensure that, while also improving overall performance and the environmental suitability of complete machine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to atomic clock technical field.Add more particularly, to a kind of sapphire for small-sized hydrogen atomic clock
Carry microwave cavity.
Background technology
Atomic clock is that a kind of electromagnetic wave sent using Atomic absorption or when releasing energy is measured come the chronometer time of timing
Instrument, is widely used in positioning, navigates, communicates, the multiple fields such as military affairs.Because this electromagnetic wave is highly stable, along with profit
It is controlled with a series of accurate instruments, the timing of atomic clock just can be very accurate.It is now used in the element in atomic clock
There are hydrogen (Hydrogen), caesium (Cesium), rubidium (rubidium) etc., the precision of atomic clock can reach every 20,000,000 years errors 1
Second, this provides strong ensure for astronomy, navigation, space travel.
With the development of the space geodesy techniques such as satellite laser ranging (SLR) (SLR), very long baseline interference (VLBI), hydrogen is former
Secondary clock is as most practical ground frequency standard at present, applied in the construction of countries in the world surface-based observing station.Traditional
Active hydrogen atomic clock quality is big, volume big, and many scholars are explored in hydrogen atomic clock miniaturization.Using blue precious
Masonry can effectively solve the problem of hydrogen atomic clock is minimized for the resonator of filled media, and it can not only reduce the volume of resonator
And quality, moreover it is possible to keep the frequency stability close to traditional active hydrogen atomic clock.Sapphire hydrogen atomic clock is because of small volume, reliable
Property it is high, be widely applied in national defence, industry.
Microwave cavity is the core component of sapphire hydrogen atomic clock, and intracavitary hydrogen atom storage areas will be realized better than 1E-6Pa's
Vacuum.The size of the volume of intracavitary storage areas and the vacuum-packed reliability of storage areas directly affect the reliable of complete machine
Property and performance.The sapphire coated by dielectric microwave cavity storage small volume that current sapphire hydrogen atomic clock is used；Vacuum sealing shape
Formula reliability is poor；Storage areas coating process realizes that difficulty is larger.
In prior art, sapphire filled media is divided into three parts, and this three part is real by special process meanses
Existing vacuum sealing connection.Realize that the process difficulty of the vacuum sealing connection of this three part is larger and realize reliability at sealing
Poor, vacuum leak just occurs in this filled media at sealing in use for some time.This is to sapphire hydrogen atomic clock
It is fatal.In addition, the inwall of the storage areas inside sapphire needs to coat three layers of macromolecule polymeric material, due to realizing three
The vacuum sealing procedure of block sapphire filled media can cause different degrees of pollution, this pollution to the polymeric coating layer of inwall
Influence can be produced on the life-span of maser transition signal.Further, since prior art realize sapphire filled media can
By property, it be can be only applied to using the sapphire hydrogen clock of this form in ground environment laboratory, complex to condition and vehicle-mounted,
Application under the environmental conditions such as airborne, space flight can not be met.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a kind of sapphire for small-sized hydrogen atomic clock loads microwave cavity.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of high reliability, high performance sapphire loading microwave cavity, to solve tradition
Scheme realizes the problem of complex process, Performance And Reliability are poor.Whole cavity appearance and size is identical with traditional scheme, inside filling
Volume is greatly increased.This both ensure that the miniaturization of atomic clock, while also improving overall performance and the environmental suitability of complete machine.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention uses following technical proposals：
A kind of sapphire for small-sized hydrogen atomic clock loads microwave cavity, including microwave cavity cylinder, sapphire filled media and
Hydrogen atom storage bubble, wherein
Sapphire filled media is arranged at microwave cavity tin inside, includes first medium ring, second Jie of wedge shape superposition connection
Matter ring and the 3rd dielectric ring；
Hydrogen atom storage bubble is arranged at first medium ring, second medium ring and the 3rd dielectric ring and surrounds interior volume.
By the loading to sapphire microwave cavity with storage separate, while take into account reliability, index performance improve, into
This control, using the wedge-shaped sapphire in three parts be superimposed dielectric ring as microwave cavity loading material there is provided a kind of high reliability,
High performance sapphire loads microwave cavity, solves traditional scheme and realizes the problem of complex process, Performance And Reliability are poor.Protecting
Whole cavity appearance and size is demonstrate,proved with the case of traditional scheme identical, considerably increasing internal packing volume, this both ensure that original
The miniaturization of secondary clock, while also improving overall performance and the environmental suitability of complete machine.
Optionally, hydrogen atom storage bubble is quartz storage bubble.
The quartz bulb that can be used under the environment such as spaceborne traditional on both at home and abroad is used in dielectric ring as the storage of atom
Deposit region.
Optionally, the size based on design of Simulation sapphire filled media and hydrogen atom storage bubble.
The sapphire of the present invention loads the cavity of microwave cavity, in the case where appearance and size keeps constant, increases atom
Storage areas.
Optionally, sapphire medium is contacted with microwave cavity point.
Sapphire filled media is due to using the simple wedge-shaped medium ring of form, and material cost and processing cost drop significantly
It is low；Sapphire filled media and microwave cavity realize that point is contacted, without intrinsic with external connection heat passage, largely
Improve sapphire heat preservation property.
Optionally, in quartz storage bubble inner wall film-coating.
Because storage bubble uses quartz bulb form, inwall coating quality is greatly improved, and optimizes the long-term steady of hydrogen atomic clock
Qualitative and frequency drift characteristic.
Optionally, sapphire loading microwave cavity also includes frequency tuning devices.
Optionally, sapphire loading microwave cavity also includes frequency coupling device.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
1st, the atom storage region increase of sapphire of the invention loading microwave cavity, improves maser transition signal quality；
2nd, the sapphire of sapphire of the invention loading microwave cavity realizes that point contacts the insulation of raising microwave cavity with microwave cavity
Characteristic, lifts the temperature characterisitic of complete machine；
3rd, the storage bubble film of sapphire of the invention loading microwave cavity is changed to the process in quartz bulb inner wall film-coating,
Method maturation is easier to realization, solves pollution problem of the traditional scheme encapsulating method for coating；
4th, the whole cavity of sapphire of the invention loading microwave cavity realizes that technique is simple, and overall processing cost significantly drops
It is low.
Brief description of the drawings
The embodiment to the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows that the sapphire for small-sized hydrogen atomic clock loads microwave cavity cross-sectional view.
In figure, 1- microwave cavity metal cylinders；2- microwave frequency tuners；3- sapphire filled media rings；4- quartz storages
Bubble；5- frequency coupling devices.
Embodiment
In order to illustrate more clearly of the present invention, the present invention is done further with reference to preferred embodiments and drawings
It is bright.Similar part is indicated with identical reference in accompanying drawing.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that institute is specific below
The content of description is illustrative and be not restrictive, and should not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
The invention provides a kind of high reliability, high performance sapphire loading microwave cavity, traditional scheme realization is solved
The problem of complex process, Performance And Reliability are poor.Whole cavity appearance and size is identical with traditional scheme, and internal packing volume is significantly
Increase.This both ensure that the miniaturization of atomic clock, while also improving overall performance and the environmental suitability of complete machine.
According to the defect of the sapphire microwave cavity of traditional scheme, we are divided with storage in the loading to sapphire microwave cavity
From.Reliability, the raising of index performance, cost control are taken into account simultaneously, and we are made using the wedge-shaped sapphire superposition dielectric ring in three parts
For the loading material of microwave cavity.The quartz bulb that can be used under the environment such as spaceborne traditional on both at home and abroad is used to make in dielectric ring
For the storage areas of atom.The size of ring and storage bubble is determined by emulation.Newly-designed cavity appearance and size and original chi
It is very little identical；Atom storage region is increased to 1L by original 0.7L；Sapphire filled media is due to simply wedge-shaped using form
Dielectric ring, material cost and processing cost are substantially reduced；Sapphire filled media realizes that point is contacted with microwave cavity, without former design
The heat passage with external connection, largely improve sapphire heat preservation property.Simultaneously because storage bubble is using quartz
Bubble form, inwall coating quality is greatly improved, and this has larger for the long-time stability and frequency drift characteristic of hydrogen atomic clock
Optimization.
Illustrate the present invention with a specific embodiment below, but do not limit protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of sapphire for small-sized hydrogen atomic clock loads microwave cavity, including microwave cavity cylinder, sapphire filled media and
Hydrogen atom storage bubble, wherein jewel filled media are arranged at that microwave cavity cylinder is internal, including wedge shape superposition connection first medium ring,
Second medium ring and the 3rd dielectric ring；Hydrogen atom storage bubble is arranged at first medium ring, second medium ring and the 3rd medium collar
Into interior volume.Sapphire loading microwave cavity in the present invention for small-sized hydrogen atomic clock also includes frequency tuning devices and frequency
Coupling device.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the sapphire loading microwave cavity for small-sized hydrogen atomic clock includes microwave cavity metallic copper
1st, microwave cavity frequency tuning devices 2, sapphire filled media ring 3, adaptation storage bubble 4 and frequency coupling device 5.
In the present embodiment, hydrogen atom storage bubble is for quartz storage bubble and in quartz storage bubble inner wall film-coating.Further, base
In design of Simulation sapphire filled media and the size of hydrogen atom storage bubble, the point for realizing sapphire medium and microwave cavity connects
Touch.
By the loading to sapphire microwave cavity with storage separate, while take into account reliability, index performance improve, into
This control, using the wedge-shaped sapphire in three parts be superimposed dielectric ring as microwave cavity loading material there is provided a kind of high reliability,
High performance sapphire loads microwave cavity, solves traditional scheme and realizes the problem of complex process, Performance And Reliability are poor.Protecting
Whole cavity appearance and size is demonstrate,proved with the case of traditional scheme identical, considerably increasing internal packing volume, this both ensure that original
The miniaturization of secondary clock, while also improving overall performance and the environmental suitability of complete machine.Use and upload both at home and abroad in dielectric ring
That unites can be used for spaceborne quartz bulb waited under environment as the storage areas of atom.Based on design of Simulation sapphire filled media and
The size of hydrogen atom storage bubble, in the case where appearance and size keeps constant, increases atom storage region.Sapphire filling is situated between
Matter is due to using the simple wedge-shaped medium ring of form, and material cost and processing cost are substantially reduced；Sapphire filled media with it is micro-
Ripple chamber realizes point contact, without intrinsic and external connection heat passage, largely improves sapphire insulation special
Property.Because storage bubble uses quartz bulb form, inwall coating quality greatly improves, optimize hydrogen atomic clock long-time stability and
Frequency drift characteristic.
During work, quartz storage bubble realizes highly reliable be tightly connected with lower metal feature.By the hydrogen atom of state selection
Steep internal into storage, the transition action from high level to low-lying level is realized inside storage bubble, while releasing frequency is
1420.405751MHz microwave signal.Due to the TE of microwave cavity011Pattern is tuned at the frequency, so the energy of atomic transition
The coupling device just realized in intracavitary in standing wave oscillation, transit chamber will obtain maser signal.
Microwave cavity based on this scheme has the advantage that：1st, atom storage region increases, and improves maser transition signal matter
Amount；2nd, sapphire realizes that point contacts the heat preservation property of raising microwave cavity with microwave cavity, lifts the temperature characterisitic of complete machine；3rd, storage bubble
Film is changed to the process in quartz bulb inner wall film-coating, and method maturation is easier to realize, solve traditional scheme encapsulating method for
The pollution problem of coating；4th, whole cavity realizes that technique is simple, and overall processing cost is greatly reduced.
Belong to " first ", " second " etc. in description and claims of this specification and above-mentioned accompanying drawing are to be used to distinguish
Different objects, rather than for describing particular order.In addition, term " comprising " and " having " and their any deformations, meaning
Figure is to cover non-exclusive include.For example contain series of steps or process, method, system, product or the equipment of unit
The step of being not limited to list or unit, but alternatively also include the step of do not list or unit, or alternatively also
Including for these processes, method or the intrinsic gas step of equipment or unit.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and is not pair
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the field, may be used also on the basis of the above description
To make other changes in different forms, all embodiments can not be exhaustive here, it is every to belong to this hair
Row of the obvious changes or variations that bright technical scheme is extended out still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of sapphire for small-sized hydrogen atomic clock loads microwave cavity, it is characterised in that filled out including microwave cavity cylinder, sapphire
Filling medium and hydrogen atom storage bubble, wherein
The sapphire filled media is arranged at that microwave cavity cylinder is internal, including wedge shape superposition connection first medium ring, the
Second medium ring and the 3rd dielectric ring；
The hydrogen atom storage bubble is arranged at the first medium ring, second medium ring and the 3rd dielectric ring and surrounds interior volume.
2. sapphire according to claim 1 loads microwave cavity, it is characterised in that the hydrogen atom storage bubble is quartz storage
Deposit bubble.
3. sapphire according to claim 1 loads microwave cavity, it is characterised in that filled out based on sapphire described in design of Simulation
The size of filling medium and hydrogen atom storage bubble.
4. sapphire according to claim 1 loads microwave cavity, it is characterised in that the sapphire medium and the microwave
Chamber point is contacted.
5. sapphire according to claim 2 loads microwave cavity, it is characterised in that applied in the quartz storage bubble inwall
Film.
6. the sapphire loading microwave cavity according to any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that the sapphire loading
Microwave cavity also includes frequency tuning devices.
7. the sapphire loading microwave cavity according to any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that the sapphire loading
Microwave cavity also includes frequency coupling device.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2016111512642 | 2016-12-14 | ||
| CN201611151264 | 2016-12-14 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107229213A true CN107229213A (en) | 2017-10-03 |
| CN107229213B CN107229213B (en) | 2019-12-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201710650005.2A Active CN107229213B (en) | 2016-12-14 | 2017-08-02 | Sapphire loading microwave cavity for small hydrogen atomic clock |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109407499A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-03-01 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | A kind of face H bending π phase difference annular Ramsay microwave cavity |
| CN110148484A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-08-20 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | A kind of diffusing reflection laser cooling and trapping atoms storage facility and method |
| CN110967963A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-07 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Medium loading microwave cavity for hydrogen atomic clock |
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| CN104485955A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-04-01 | 江汉大学 | Resonant cavity device and processing method thereof |
| CN104966882A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-10-07 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Sapphire microwave resonant cavity |
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| US5327105A (en) * | 1991-12-31 | 1994-07-05 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Gas cell for a miniaturized atomic frequency standard |
| EP0911919A1 (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 1999-04-28 | Observatoire Cantonal De Neuchatel | Atomic frequency standard |
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| CN109407499A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-03-01 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | A kind of face H bending π phase difference annular Ramsay microwave cavity |
| CN110148484A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-08-20 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | A kind of diffusing reflection laser cooling and trapping atoms storage facility and method |
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| CN107229213B (en) | 2019-12-06 |
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