CN107228738B - An in-situ tension and compression experimental device for X-ray stress test calibration - Google Patents

Abstract

An in-situ tension and compression experimental device calibrated by X-ray stress test comprises a sample clamping mechanism, a load testing mechanism, a displacement transmission mechanism and a slide rail bottom plate mechanism, wherein a left clamp of the clamping mechanism is fixed on a bottom plate, and a right clamp is arranged on a slide block of the slide rail bottom plate mechanism; the sliding rail bottom plate mechanism is fixed between the left clamp and the support frame of the bottom plate; the support frame of the displacement transmission mechanism is installed on the bottom plate, the displacement transmission member is installed on the other sliding block of the sliding block guide rail, the left end of the displacement loading threaded rod is installed in a circular groove of the displacement transmission member, the right end of the displacement loading threaded rod is supported on the support frame, the load testing mechanism is a load sensor, and the central symmetry line of the load sensor is coaxial with the central symmetry line of the displacement loading threaded rod and the central symmetry line of a test sample. The beneficial effects are that: the load transfer coaxiality is good, and the stress value obtained by the sample is accurate and is in a unidirectional stress state; the device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in manufacturing, small size, convenience in manual regulation and control, high numerical reliability and large load range.

Description

An in-situ tension and compression experimental device for X-ray stress test calibration

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of in-situ tension-compression test devices, in particular to an in-situ tension-compression test device for X-ray stress test calibration.

Background technique

X-ray diffraction (XRD) has many advantages such as non-destructive, fast, and accurate. It can selectively, quantitatively, and locally measure the residual stress of materials. It is not only suitable for deformed samples, but also can directly measure mechanical parts. Therefore, this method has been widely used in the detection of the mechanical state (residual stress) of crystalline materials. However, in the test of the residual stress of some specific materials, such as titanium alloy, austenitic stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc., the diffraction peaks of polycrystalline surfaces often appear, and some diffraction peaks are superimposed on each other. According to the traditional method, for the diffraction peak of any crystal plane, the stress result can be obtained by substituting the stress constant K of the corresponding crystal plane. In fact, we found in a large number of experiments that the stress calculated based on the diffraction peaks of certain crystal planes is often irregular and cannot reflect the real stress change at all. Therefore, before the residual stress test of some special materials, it is very important to evaluate the accuracy of the residual stress test of X-ray diffraction method.

Due to the limitations of the X-ray diffractometer test space and experimental requirements, the test device has the following requirements: ① Small size; ② Large loading range; ③ Capable of tensile and compressive loading of samples; ④ High accuracy. In the prior art, the X-ray diffraction residual stress test accuracy evaluation device is a single compression device or a single tension device, and its disadvantages are: it can only realize a single function, and the load range is small, and the structure is relatively complicated.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an in-situ tension-compression experimental device for X-ray stress test calibration.

The technical solution of the present invention is: an in-situ tension-compression experimental device for X-ray stress test calibration, including a sample clamping mechanism, a load testing mechanism, a displacement loading mechanism, a slide rail and a bottom plate mechanism, and the slide rail and bottom plate mechanism include a bottom plate and a bottom plate mechanism. Slider guide rail mechanism, the slider guide rail mechanism includes a guide rail and two sliders mounted on the guide rail, the guide rail is fixed on the bottom plate, and the feature is that the clamping mechanism includes a left clamp and a right clamp, a left clamp and a right clamp It is a square block, and the top surface of the square block is provided with a test sample fixing screw, and the bottom of the left fixture is fixedly installed on the left end of the bottom plate, and the right fixture is installed on a slider of the slider guide rail mechanism, and the two ends of the test sample are fixed with the test sample The screws are respectively fixed on the left and right fixtures; the displacement loading mechanism includes a displacement transmission part, a displacement loading screw, a baffle plate, a support frame and a ratchet socket wrench, and the displacement transmission part is a square block, and the right side of the square block There is a circular groove on the surface, and the circular groove is located in the middle and upper part of the right side of the square block. The baffle is a plate covering the circular groove on the right side of the displacement transmission part. There is a threaded rod for displacement loading on the baffle. The matched round hole, the baffle is fixedly connected with the displacement transmission part, the displacement loading screw is a round head screw, the left end is a round head, the end face of the round head is a spherical surface, the right end is a hexagonal prism, and the hexagonal prism is a ratchet socket wrench The matching hexagonal prism, the support frame is a square block support, and the upper part of the support has a round hole matched with the displacement loading threaded rod, and the lower part of the support frame is fixedly installed on the right end of the bottom plate; The block guide rail mechanism is a precision slider linear guide. The position where the guide rail of the precision slider linear guide is fixed on the bottom plate is between the left fixture and the support frame. The displacement transmission part is installed on the other slider of the precision slider linear guide. Above, the round head at the left end of the displacement loading screw is installed in the circular groove on the right side of the displacement transmission member, the top of the arc surface of the end face of the round head is in contact with the bottom plane of the circular groove at one point, and the right end of the displacement loading screw passes through the baffle for support On the round hole in the upper part of the support frame, the central symmetry line of the displacement loading screw is coaxial with the central symmetry line of the test sample; the load testing mechanism is a load sensor, the left end of the load sensor is fixedly installed on the right fixture, and the right end is fixedly installed on the On the displacement transmission member, the center line of symmetry of the load sensor is coaxial with the center line of symmetry of the displacement loading screw and the center line of symmetry of the test sample.

The in-situ tension-compression test device for X-ray stress test calibration according to the present invention is characterized in that: the displacement loading mechanism is externally connected with a digital display loading load meter, and the accuracy of the digital display loading load meter is 0.2% FS.

The in-situ tension-compression test device for X-ray stress test calibration according to the present invention is characterized in that the load sensor has an accuracy of 0.05% FS.

The in-situ tension-compression experimental device for X-ray stress test calibration of the present invention is based on the slide rail of the slider, and the right fixture and the displacement transmission part are fixed on the slider, and the slider is controlled by rotating the loading threaded rod with a ratchet socket wrench Move on the slide rail, load the test sample, display the load through the external digital display, realize the tensile and compressive loading of the sample, and accurately measure the load.

The material selection of each part of the present invention: because each contact position friction is strong in the loading process, so the material of displacement loading threaded rod and baffle plate will hardness height, good wear resistance, select 40Cr material for use, and carry out nitriding treatment; In order to prevent Rusted parts cause problems such as unsmooth loading and errors in the tension and compression testing machine. The rest of the parts are made of stainless steel 304; the fastening screws are made of 12.9 high-strength screws.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The test sample, the sensor and the displacement loading screw are coaxial to ensure the accuracy of the load test;

2. The left end surface of the displacement loading screw is a spherical surface, and the groove on the right side of the displacement transmission part in contact with it is a plane. The two are in point-surface contact, with small friction and more labor-saving loading. Precise coaxial loading screw provides guarantee conditions;

3. The right end of the displacement loading screw is designed to match the hexagonal structure of the ratchet socket wrench. Loading with the ratchet wrench can effectively avoid the dead angle problem during the rotation of the displacement loading screw, and the loading is more labor-saving;

4. The baffle is the main point of stress during tensile loading, and the baffle is fixed on the displacement transmission part to make the tensile loading more stable;

5. The application of the linear guide rail of the precision slider makes loading convenient, and the friction force between the slide rails of the slider is small, which improves the loading accuracy of the whole device.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an in-situ tension-compression test device for X-ray stress test calibration of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Sample clamping mechanism, 11. Left fixture, 12. Right fixture; 13. Test sample, 2. Load testing mechanism, 21. Sensor; 3. Displacement loading mechanism, 31. Displacement transmission part, 32. Block Plate, 33, displacement loading screw rod, 34, support frame; 4, slide rail and base plate mechanism, 41, precision slider linear guide, 42, base plate.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

An in-situ tension and compression experimental device for X-ray stress test calibration, comprising a sample clamping mechanism 1, a load testing mechanism 2, a displacement loading mechanism 3, a slide rail and a bottom plate mechanism 4, the slide rail and bottom plate mechanism 4 includes a bottom plate 42 and a slide The block guide rail mechanism, the slider guide rail mechanism includes a guide rail and two sliders mounted on the guide rail, the guide rail is fixed on the bottom plate, the clamping mechanism 1 includes a left clamp 11 and a right clamp 12, the left clamp 11 and the right clamp 12 are square Block, the top surface of the square block is provided with test sample 13 fixing screws, the left clamp 11 is fixedly installed on the left end of the bottom plate 42, the right clamp 12 is installed on a slider of the slider guide rail mechanism, and the two ends of the test sample 13 use the test sample The fixing screws are respectively fixed on the left clamp 11 and the right clamp 12; the displacement loading mechanism 3 includes a displacement transmission part 31, a displacement loading screw rod 33, a baffle plate 32, a support frame 34 and a ratchet socket wrench, and the displacement transmission part 31 is a square block. There is a circular groove on the right side of the square block, and the circular groove is located at the middle and upper part of the right side of the square block. The baffle plate 32 is a plate covering the circular groove on the right side of the displacement transmission part 31, and the baffle plate 32 is opened. There is a round hole matched with the displacement loading screw 33, the baffle plate 32 is fixedly connected with the displacement transmission part 31, the displacement loading screw 33 is a round head screw, the left end is a round head, the end face of the round head is a spherical surface, and the right end is a hexagonal prism. The prism is a hexagonal prism matched with the ratchet socket wrench, and the support frame 34 is a square block support. The upper part of the support has a round hole matched with the displacement loading screw rod 33, and the support frame 34 is fixedly installed on the right end of the base plate 42 below; Transmission member 31 is installed on another slide block of the slide block guide rail mechanism of slide rail bottom plate mechanism 4, and displacement load screw rod 33 left-end round heads are contained in the circular groove of displacement transmission member 31 right sides, and the circular arc of round head end face The top of the surface is in contact with the bottom plane of the circular groove at one point, and the right end of the displacement loading screw 33 passes through the baffle plate 32 and is supported on the round hole in the middle and upper part of the support frame 34. The central symmetry line of the displacement loading screw 33 is the same as the central symmetry line of the test sample 13. Shaft; the slider guide rail mechanism of the slide rail bottom plate mechanism 4 is a precision slider linear guide 41, and the position where the guide rail of the precision slider linear guide 41 is fixed on the base plate 42 is between the left clamp 11 and the support frame 34, and the load testing mechanism 2 is a load sensor 21, the left end of the load sensor 21 is fixedly installed on the right fixture 12, and the right end is fixedly installed on the displacement transmission member 31, the center line of symmetry of the load sensor 21 and the center line of symmetry of the displacement loading screw 33 and the center of the test sample 13 The line of symmetry is coaxial. The accuracy of the digital display load gauge is 0.2% FS, and the load range is ±10KN. The load cell 21 has an accuracy of 0.05% FS.

The method of use is:

1. Before use, lubricate the displacement loading screw 33 and the precision slider linear guide 41 with lubricating oil; then, fix the test sample 13 on the clamp of the sample clamping mechanism. After completing the above steps, put the experimental device into the X-ray diffractometer and fix it;

2. Use a ratchet wrench to rotate the displacement loading screw to load the test sample 13, and read the loaded load through the digital display loading load meter; at the same time, use an X-ray diffractometer to carry out a stress test on the loaded test sample. After the test is completed, compare the test results with the loading The load is compared to complete the evaluation of the accuracy of the stress test of the X-ray diffractometer.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of tension and compression experiment device in situ of X-ray stress test calibration, including sample clamping device (1), load test machine Structure (2), displacement loading mechanism (3), sliding rail and base plate mechanism (4), sliding rail and base plate mechanism (4) include slide block guide rail mechanism and bottom Plate (42), slide block guide rail mechanism include a guide rail and two pieces of sliding blocks on guide rail, and guide rail is fixed on bottom plate, feature Be: the clamping device (1) includes left fixture (11) and right fixture (12), and left fixture (11) and right fixture (12) are rectangular Block, square block top surface are equipped with test sample (13) fixing screws, and the left fixture (11) is fixedly mounted on bottom plate (42) below Left end, right fixture (12) are mounted on one piece of sliding block of slide block guide rail mechanism, and the both ends of test sample (13) are solid with test sample Determine screw to be separately fixed on left fixture (11) and right fixture (12)；The displacement loading mechanism (3) includes displacement driving member (31), displacement load screw rod (33), baffle (32), support frame (34) and box socket set, the displacement driving member (31) are Square block is provided with a round recessed on the right side of square block, and round recessed is located at square block right side middle and upper part, the baffle (32) It is the plate covered on displacement driving member (31) right side round recessed, is provided on baffle (32) and matches with displacement load screw rod (33) The circular hole of conjunction, baffle (32) are fixedly connected with displacement driving member (31), and displacement load screw rod (33) is round end screw rod, left end It is round end, the end face of round end is spherical surface, and right end is hexagonal prisms, and hexagonal prisms are the hexagonal prisms matched with box socket set, institute Stating support frame (34) is square block bracket, and bracket middle and upper part is provided with the circular hole matched with displacement load screw rod (33), support frame (34) it is fixedly mounted on the right end of bottom plate (42) below；The slide block guide rail mechanism of the sliding rail and base plate mechanism (4) is accurate cunning Block linear guide (41), the position that the guide rail of accurate sliding block linear guide (41) is fixed on bottom plate (42) are in left fixture (11) Between support frame (34), displacement driving member (31) is mounted on another sliding block of accurate sliding block linear guide (41), institute Rheme is moved in round recessed of load screw rod (33) the left end round end loaded on displacement driving member (31) right side, the arc surface of round end end face Top and one point contact of round recessed baseplane, displacement load screw rod (33) right end pass through baffle (32) and are supported in support frame (34) On the circular hole on top, the centre symmetry line of the centre symmetry line and test sample (13) of displacement load screw rod (33) is coaxial；It is described Load test mechanism (2) is load transducer (21), and load transducer (21) left end is fixedly mounted on right fixture (12), right end It is fixedly mounted in displacement driving member (31), the centre symmetry line of load transducer (21) and the center of displacement load screw rod (33) The centre symmetry line of line of symmetry and test sample (13) is coaxial.

2. a kind of tension and compression experiment device in situ of X-ray stress test calibration as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described External digital display loaded load table on displacement loading mechanism (3), the accuracy of digital display loaded load table are 0.2%FS.

3. a kind of tension and compression experiment device in situ of X-ray stress test calibration as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: described The accuracy of load transducer (21) is 0.05%FS.