CN107226086B - Method for the driving device of hybrid vehicle and for running driving device - Google Patents

Method for the driving device of hybrid vehicle and for running driving device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107226086B
CN107226086B CN201710177046.4A CN201710177046A CN107226086B CN 107226086 B CN107226086 B CN 107226086B CN 201710177046 A CN201710177046 A CN 201710177046A CN 107226086 B CN107226086 B CN 107226086B
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China
Prior art keywords
motor
hybrid vehicle
internal combustion
combustion engine
driving device
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CN201710177046.4A
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CN107226086A (en
Inventor
M.齐尔默
M.富格尔
D.普罗扎卡
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Volkswagen AG
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Volkswagen AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K6/485—Motor-assist type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/02—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/30—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of auxiliary equipment, e.g. air-conditioning compressors or oil pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/20—Control strategies involving selection of hybrid configuration, e.g. selection between series or parallel configuration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/08—Electric propulsion units
    • B60W2510/081—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/08—Electric propulsion units
    • B60W2510/085—Power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/10—Change speed gearings
    • B60W2510/1005—Transmission ratio engaged
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/24—Energy storage means
    • B60W2510/242—Energy storage means for electrical energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/30—Auxiliary equipments
    • B60W2510/305—Power absorbed by auxiliaries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2520/00—Input parameters relating to overall vehicle dynamics
    • B60W2520/10—Longitudinal speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/06—Combustion engines, Gas turbines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/08—Electric propulsion units
    • B60W2710/086—Power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/30—Auxiliary equipments
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Abstract

The present invention relates to one kind to be used for hybrid vehicle, particularly for adding the driving device of edition mild hybrid electric vehicle, it is with internal combustion engine (13), the first motor (10) that can be connected with the crankshaft (12) of internal combustion engine (13) and the second motor (20) that can be coupled with the automotive trannsmission system (21) of hybrid vehicle, wherein, driving device has control unit (17), described control unit is designed for carrying out the decoupling of the crankshaft (12) of first motor (10) and internal combustion engine (13) when the limit speed when being more than the limit velocity of hybrid vehicle and/or more than the second motor (20), wherein the limit velocity is according to the electrical power (G) of the needs in hybrid vehicle, and/or first motor (10) and/or the second motor (20) are used to provide the described The generator power (L) of the efficiency of electrical power and/or the second motor (20) determines.

Description

Method for the driving device of hybrid vehicle and for running driving device
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind for hybrid vehicle, particularly for adding an edition mild hybrid electric vehicle (Mild- Hybrid-Plus-Kraftfahrzeug driving device), with internal combustion engine, first motor, (it can be with the song of internal combustion engine Axis be connected), the second motor (it can be coupled with the automotive trannsmission system of hybrid vehicle).In addition, the present invention relates to one kind Corresponding method.
Background technique
Modern hybrid vapour with internal combustion engine and first motor (it is connected with belt transmission with the crankshaft of internal combustion engine) Vehicle is substantially known.First motor or belt drive can be coupled by the crankshaft of clutch and internal combustion engine.First electricity Machine can be run herein with generator mode (comprising recycling), powered for the automobile circuit for automobile and be battery charging. First motor can also support internal combustion engine (power-assisted) with electric motor mode.It is connected between belt drive and the crankshaft of internal combustion engine Clutch is used for these modes of motor.Furthermore clutch can also be opened, for turning belt drive and internal combustion engine Speed is decoupled and thus reduces the towing loss of belt drive, it is possible thereby to improve the efficiency of internal combustion engine.In addition (second) Motor can be run herein with generator mode (comprising recycling), for the automobile circuit power supply for automobile and be that battery fills Electricity.Second motor can also support internal combustion engine (power-assisted) in engine mode and furthermore be used for pure motor driving.For Substantially what is involved is mild hybrid electric vehicles for the motor power (output) of 5-15kW/t.
It is proved to have a disadvantage in that herein, the driving performance and efficiency of automobile pass through the unfavorable of the clutch Operation is compromised.It is particularly disadvantageous that two motors are made always when clutch closure is connected to belt driver With, wherein first motor (in conjunction with the loss in belt drive) reduce by internal combustion engine output available mechanical output, from And result in fuel consumption increase.On the other hand disadvantageously, some equipment driven by belt drive are (such as mechanical empty Adjust compressor) clutch open when no first motor engine operation when, cannot run.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in the shortcomings that overcoming at least one to be known from the state of the art.The present invention Technical problem to be solved in particular, in that, provide a kind of improved driving device and for running the corresponding of the driving device Method optimizes operation or connection between first motor and internal combustion engine, and ensure that better running, especially drives The better driving comfort run and promoted of dynamic device.
Here, the present invention provide it is a kind of for hybrid vehicle, the drive particularly for adding edition mild hybrid electric vehicle Dynamic device, with internal combustion engine, first motor (it can be connected with the crankshaft of internal combustion engine) and the second motor (its can with mix The automotive trannsmission system or speed changer of power vehicle couple).Such as in parallel hybrid scheme, the second motor is arranged in Between the drive clutch and wheel of speed changer.
In addition, according to present invention provide that, the second motor directly with the automotive trannsmission system of hybrid vehicle couple.Herein It can be advantageously carried out, the second motor can be set near wheel, be used in generator mode with ideal efficiency Directly kinetic energy is obtained from drive shaft.
Alternatively, the second motor is arranged in not together with automotive trannsmission system by oil-engine driven drive shaft or axle (front/tail portion) (such as the electric driving shaft with differential mechanism and drive shaft on wheel).Alternatively, the function of the second motor (such as two hub motors) are provided by multiple motors.
In addition, according to present invention provide that, first motor can be coupled in belt drive or directly with internal combustion engine Crankshaft coupling.Therefore it can be advantageously carried out the different structure form of implementation of driving device, such as in identical drive shaft Interval first motor or the first motor with the interval in belt drive parallel hybrid power.According to vehicle One or other form of implementation of the structure space demand in type and automobile, driving device is advantageous.
According to the present invention, driving device has control unit, and described control unit is designed for being more than hybrid power vapour The decoupling that first motor and I. C. engine crankshaft are carried out when the limit velocity of vehicle, wherein the limit velocity is according in hybrid power vapour The electrical power of needs in vehicle, be used to provide the described electrical power all participations component efficiency and/or the second motor can The generator power of offer determines.Alternatively, the driving device has control unit, control unit design according to the present invention For carrying out the decoupling of first motor and I. C. engine crankshaft when more than the limit speed of the second motor, wherein the pole of the second motor Limit revolving speed is according to the electrical power of the needs in hybrid vehicle, the component of all participations for being used to provide the described electrical power The available generator power of efficiency and/or the second motor determines.
According to the present invention, an edition mild hybrid electric vehicle is added to be interpreted as mild hybrid electric vehicle, there are two motors for tool. First motor can connect herein to be coupled in belt drive or directly with the crankshaft of internal combustion engine.Here, first motor is for example Start internal combustion engine in cold start-up, static starting and/or from the starting in electric running.Second motor may be implemented pure herein Electric running, such as when internal combustion engine is closed.Two motors can be used for boosting, such as the supplement as internal combustion engine is electronic Formula improves driving moment.In addition, two motors can be used to recycle.Second motor is returned in which may not need internal combustion engine herein It receives and first motor is recycled by internal combustion engine.
Control unit according to the invention can be central control unit, such as engine in hybrid vehicle and control Device is equipped with corresponding software and/or computer program product according to the present invention, for according to realizing first motor of the inventionly With the improved coupling of internal combustion engine and decoupling.But it is also possible to the control list of special designing also according to control unit of the invention Member, can be according to the improved coupling and decoupling for the crankshaft for realizing first motor and internal combustion engine of the inventionly.
Here, inventive conception is that, two motors are ideally applied in hybrid vehicle, for improving entirety The efficiency of system and the availability for improving air conditioning for automobiles.For this purpose, the clutch between first motor and internal combustion engine ought be more than Specifically, (it is to depend on necessary electrical power for the limit velocity of the second motor specifically determined according to the present invention or limit speed And in vehicle gross efficiency selection) when be opened and first motor be decoupled.
In first motor decoupling, the power generation and power supply (electricity demanding) of the customer in hybrid vehicle are preferably by the Two motors (such as when hybrid electric vehicle is sailed) or only assist type it is (such as quiet in hybrid vehicle by accumulator When only) it realizes.This occurs in following situations always according to the present invention, i.e., when the second motor can effectively be hybrid power vapour When whole customers power supply in vehicle, or when the second motor works with being unable to generator-type (such as when it is used for electric power row When sailing) or in vehicle stationary, only when accumulator can satisfy the electricity demanding.Control unit according to the invention is herein The effective power of two motors is detected, the charged state of their efficiency and/or accumulator.Control unit also monitors hybrid power Electricity demanding or energy requirement in automobile.The effective power (generator power) of the power generation of second motor is in addition to machine attribute itself The transmission ratio of selection is additionally depended on except (torque characteristics/power characteristic/efficiency characteristic).According to the present invention, when decoupling Between point selected in this way by control unit so that transmission ratio be considered and it is preferably automated for advantageous recycling and by Adjustment.
In addition, belt drive/first motor lower than it is specific, according to the special determining minimum speed or the of the present invention It is coupled when minimum speed (it depends on the electrical power needed in automobile) of two motors.For this purpose, in first motor and internal combustion engine Between clutch be closed.
In first motor coupling, the power generation and power supply (electricity demanding) of the customer in hybrid vehicle pass through two electricity One of machine or as necessary by two motors combination (such as when hybrid electric vehicle is sailed) or only lead to assist type Cross accumulator (such as when hybrid vehicle is static) realization.Controller according to the invention monitors having for two motors herein Imitate the charged state of power, its efficiency and/or accumulator.Control unit also monitors electricity demanding or energy in hybrid vehicle Demand.The effective power (generated output) of the power generation of two motors in addition to machine self attributes (torque/power/efficiency attributes) it The gear that selected transmission ratio or speed changer are linked into is additionally depended on outside.Pass through control at coupling time point according to the present invention Unit selects in this way, i.e., transmission ratio is considered and is preferably automatically adjusted for advantageous recycling.
In addition, according to present invention provide that, sluggish or debounce time (1s, 5s, 10s) (Entprellzeit), the second electricity The revolving speed (500 1/min, 1000 1/min, 1500 1/min) of machine, travel speed (5km/h, 10km/h, 15km/h) are examined Consider, for pro influencing rideability or driving comfort.
In addition, compressor of air conditioner and belt drive couple in scope of the invention.Driving device according to the invention It provides an advantage in that, that is, is integrated in component in belt drive, such as compressor of air conditioner, by engine mode First motor and by belt drive, independently of internal combustion engine revolving speed run.Here, the power supply of first motor passes through power generation The second motor in machine mode and/or passes through accumulator and carry out.Machinery can be freely selected thus according to cooling power demand The operating point of compressor of air conditioner and in the feelings for the efficiency and power characteristic for considering first motor, the second motor and compressor of air conditioner Refrigeration work consumption is provided under condition with best efficiency.Classification of the present invention particular by the electrodeless adjustment of not realizing internal-combustion engine rotational speed Speed changer (stick shift speed changer, self-action stick shift speed changer, double-clutch speed changer, bending moment automatic transmission) provides above-mentioned advantage. In addition, being advantageous in conjunction with the internal combustion engine for realizing its maximum power (such as MPI) in higher rotation speed.In cooling power demand When smaller and engine power is higher (such as travel speed it is very high or with trailer hill path traveling), in compressor of air conditioner On revolving speed be substantially reduced.Therefore desired air-conditioning power is provided always and therefore significantly improves driving comfort.
According to present invention provide that, first motor can be coupled by the crankshaft of clutch and internal combustion engine.In first motor or The advantages of clutch connected between belt drive and crankshaft, is according to the invention reside in (electric current is logical in running Cross the generation of the second motor) or in engine stationary state, belt drive can still work.Therefore on the one hand, belt passes Compressor of air conditioner that is dynamic and being integrated in when necessary can independently of internal combustion engine be run, and another aspect internal combustion engine is expert at Sailing can be unloaded in operation, thus reduce fuel consumption and discharge of poisonous waste.Here, clutch can electrically, it is hydraulic Ground is electromagnetically connected.The clutch can be used as the clutch of force closure, such as friction clutch herein, but Clutch, such as jaw clutch for being designed as shape cooperation.The advantages of friction clutch, is, when internal combustion engine and belt are driven There are friction clutches when rotational speed difference to be rapidly closed between device.The advantages of shape formula clutch is, can With simple and be advantageously configured with lesser auxiliary energy demand and higher efficiency.
Furthermore according to the present invention it is contemplated that the second motor can pass through the automobile of clutch and hybrid vehicle Transmission device coupling.It the advantage is that, when the second motor does not need, can be decoupled with automotive trannsmission system, for avoiding It the abrasion of second motor and is at least lowered by towing loss caused by the second motor.Herein it is contemplated that second It is decoupled with the automotive trannsmission system of hybrid vehicle to motor redundant.Herein it is contemplated that the second design of electrical motor is forever Synchronization machine, asynchronous machine, stepping machine or the similar devices motivated long.Therefore the advantages of may be implemented is the second motor It can be with the operation of assist type.Furthermore it is contemplated that the second motor can have the free wheel device that can be connected, it is used for nothing Torque the automotive trannsmission system on (without mechanical coupling ground) and hybrid vehicle be decoupled, and do not weaken road horsepower.
In addition, technical problem according to the invention by for running hybrid vehicle, particularly for adding version slightly to mix The method for closing the driving device of power vehicle solves, wherein the driving device has internal combustion engine, first motor, and (it can be with The crankshaft of internal combustion engine is connected) and the second motor (it can be coupled with the automotive trannsmission system of hybrid vehicle).According to this hair Bright method includes at least one step herein:
A) when being higher than the limit velocity of hybrid vehicle, the crankshaft of first motor and internal combustion engine is decoupled, wherein described Limit velocity is according to the electrical power of the needs in hybrid vehicle, the component for all participations for being used to provide the described electrical power Efficiency and/or the second motor available generator power determine.
Therefore the advantages of may be implemented is that the electrical power and mechanical output in hybrid vehicle can ideally divide Match.It is also advantageous that decoupling the moment select so always, i.e., ought ensure that ideal driving performance and driving comfort and When ideal whole efficiency.It is particularly advantageous that being stored once the second motor or when the second motor is used for electric drive by demand When energy device is employed for powering for the customer in automobile.Therefore it can mitigate the load of internal combustion engine and reduce fuel and disappear Consumption.The advantages of obviously also using driving device according to the invention herein as other advantage (as described above), herein can be with These advantages are quoted completely.
Furthermore according to present invention provide that, the method have at least one other step:
A ') lower than hybrid vehicle minimum speed and/or the second motor minimum speed when first motor with it is interior The crankshaft of combustion engine couples, wherein the electric work of the minimum speed and/or minimum speed according to the needs in hybrid vehicle Rate, be used to provide the described electrical power all participations component efficiency and/or the second motor available generator power It determines.
In addition, according to present invention provide that, the method have at least one other step:
B) it determines in hybrid vehicle from automobile circuit demand, the optional demand of electric air-conditioning compressor and/or storage The electrical power for recharging demand of energy device.
The mechanically and electrically attribute of electric consumption device is considered in this hybrid vehicle.The electric consumption example of hybrid vehicle Such as by for customer most in automobile 12V automobile circuit (its by DC/DC converter and the circuit of two motors, mix Automobile circuit is connected) demand (automobile circuit demand), on the voltage level of hybrid vehicle circuit (or in voltage range In) demand and accumulation of energy of the other customer (such as optional electric compressor of air conditioner, electric heater or similar devices) of work Device (hybrid-power battery) recharges demand composition, when this passes through pure motor driving distance (part) electric discharge before accumulator It can occur.It can based on whole electricity demanding (12V- customer, 48V or HV customer, hybrid-power battery recharge power) Finally to determine, whether electric energy only only can effectively be generated or thus by the second electric power equipment in current driving speed It must be activated with the first electric power equipment of internal combustion engine coupling.Here, first motor passes through its plan of establishment or opposite crankshaft Lesser transmission ratio can also realize higher generator power when car speed is smaller.In addition, generator power can also be with It is divided to two motors, especially when must satisfy very high electricity demanding.
Detailed description of the invention
Other measures of the invention are improved to be explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings below by description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Here, separately or in any combination realizing the present invention with the feature referred in specification in the claims.Herein It should be noted that attached drawing only has description characteristic and should not limit the present invention with arbitrary form.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of driving device according to the invention,
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagrames of two of the method according to the invention exemplary decoupling points,
Fig. 3 shows the power features curve of mechanical compressor of air conditioner.
Identical appended drawing reference is used to identical component always in different attached drawings, therefore is only disposably said in principle It is bright.
Specific embodiment
Herein Fig. 1 show for plus version mild hybrid electric vehicle (its have there are two motor 10,20) according to the present invention Driving device.Control unit 17 according to the invention can be designed as engine controller, wherein the method according to the invention Implemented in the form of software or computer program product.Therefore control unit 17 is designed for according to the present invention, detection mixing The decoupling and/or coupling of automobile circuit 30, the determining crankshaft 12 for making first motor 10 and internal combustion engine 13 in power vehicle Ideal time point, for ideally making full use of and the electrical power and mechanical output in automobile.
First motor 10 in the embodiment shown in the present invention as in belt drive 11 starter-generator with it is interior Combustion engine 13 couples.But alternatively it is also contemplated that, first motor 10 is directly connected in identical drive shaft 12 On the crankshaft 12 of internal combustion engine 13.Clutch 14 can be set in both cases, can be designed as friction clutch.Second electricity Machine 20 can also be coupled with automotive trannsmission system 21, the disconnection of non-moment or can either be opened by mechanical clutch (22) The free wheel device of pass is realized.
First motor 10 can star internal combustion engine 13.Second motor 20 again can be in 13 internal combustion engine 13 of internal combustion engine through speed changer The opening of 16 drive clutch 15 and pure electric vehicle operation is realized when being decoupled.Two motors 10,20 can be used as internal combustion The supplement of machine 13 and improve driving moment (power-assisted) and/or be used to recycle.Second motor 20 herein can be quiet in internal combustion engine 13 It is recycled when only, and first motor 10 can use the running internal combustion engine 13 of towing and be recycled.The towing operation Refer to that mechanical energy is dissipated by the adjoint rotation of internal combustion engine 13.
Internal combustion engine 13 can be coupled by drive clutch 15 and speed changer 16.The crankshaft 12 of internal combustion engine 13 is of the invention The first drive shaft 12 is determined in illustrated embodiment, and automotive trannsmission system 21 determines the second drive shaft 21 (among differential mechanism Axis 21).First drive shaft 12 and the second drive shaft 21 extend parallel to each other, and observe longitudinally along an automobile substantially front and back ground between Every.Form of implementation according to the invention, driving device is observed in the car landscape has compact mechanism form.It equally can be with Consider, internal combustion engine 13, speed changer 16 and the second motor 20 are located in identical drive shaft, for reducing on automobile longitudinal Structure space.
According to the present invention, the second motor 20 is designed to couple with automotive trannsmission system 21.Thus or setting is traditional Mechanical clutch 22 otherwise the second motor 20 itself be designed as redundancy and/or non-moment work and/or have and can connect Free wheel device, for non-moment be connected.Therefore the second motor 20 unwanted abrasion and pass through the second motor Towing loss caused by 20 is at least partly lowered.
Automobile circuit 30 in automobile has the traction conducting wire of the traction conducting wire 31 of first motor, the second motor 20 herein 32, automobile circuit distributor 33, for automobile circuit DC/DC converter 34 (being usually made of different 12V customers) and Accumulator 35.In addition, compressor of air conditioner is arranged in belt transmission as the customer on the voltage level of two motors 10,20 In device 11.Air conditioner compressed device is not shown in Fig. 1 for simplicity reasons.Whole electricity demanding G in automobile are therefore by 12V automobile electricity Demand (the automobile circuit on road (it is connected by DC/DC converter 34 with the circuit of two motors 10,20, hybrid vehicle circuit) Demand), it is the other customer on the voltage level (48V or high-tension circuit) of hybrid vehicle circuit, for example optional electronic The demand of air conditioner compressed device, electric heater or the like and accumulator 35 recharge demand composition.
Here, the present invention is used in each driving condition reliably meet whole electricity demanding G (referring to Fig. 2), that is, Driving comfort or running efficiency are not damaged, therefore for example air-conditioning equipment can run according to demand and make fuel consumption most Smallization.Design of the invention therefore that, once whole electricity demanding G in running only by the second motor 20 most effectively It provides, then the clutch 14 between belt drive 11 and internal combustion engine 13 is opened.Therefore one side internal combustion engine 13 is unloaded, simultaneously And on the other hand customer in belt drive 11, such as compressor of air conditioner can be with the revolving speed of internal combustion engine 13 independently works Make.Therefore present invention aims at the electrical power and mechanical output ideally distributing and make full use of in hybrid vehicle.
Fig. 2 shows the indicatrixes of the maximum generation machine power L of the second motor 20.Generator power L depends on automobile speed Spend V.Maximum generation machine power L is according to the present invention in addition to considering for determining advantageous belt drive decoupling point or clutch 14 Coupling point efficiency except, obtained according to whole electricity demanding G.In addition, the maximum generation machine power of first motor 10 is shown Depending on gear indicatrix (L1, L2, L3, L4 ..., LN).
It is shown in FIG. 2 for the car speed V1 (such as 10km/h) of the citing or car speed V2 of other citing Two (belt drives -) of (such as 20km/h) are decoupled point P1, P2, are correspondingly used for the electricity demanding G1 (example of the first citing Such as 1kW) or second citing electricity demanding G2 (such as 5kW).In order to compare and shown with line GE the Effective power of the electricity of accumulator 35 Rate.By the indicatrix of Fig. 2 it was determined that the second motor 20 is based on its power characteristic and meets all electricity since which speed V Road demand G.Additionally consider for providing the efficiency of automobile circuit demand G.If in decoupling point P1 or P2 or described It is more than coupling situation when car speed V1/V2, only by the whole efficiency for generating automobile circuit demand of the second motor 20 Whole efficiency, then first motor 10 and internal combustion engine 13 are decoupled and whole electricity demanding G can only be met by the second motor 20, Wherein the additional electricity demanding of first motor 10 needed when necessary is (for driving the air conditioner compressed of machinery in engine mode Machine) it can also be satisfied.But if current electricity demanding G is more than the current available maximum generation machine function of the second motor 20 Rate L, then existing first motor 10 (clutch 14 is closed again) is with generator mode power supply and two motors 10,20 also group Close ground power supply.
Fig. 3 shows the demonstration of the maximum cooling power K of the revolving speed N depending on compressor of air conditioner of mechanical compressor of air conditioner Property indicatrix.It can be seen that the input power A of compressor of air conditioner A increases as revolving speed N is increased.Here, input work Minimum speed N of the rate A in belt driveminWith limit speed NmaxBetween be possible.It is shown by coefficient C (coefficient of performance) Ratio between cooling power K and input power A.Furthermore it can be seen that coefficient C depends on revolving speed.If the numerical value of coefficient C Higher, then compressor of air conditioner efficiency is higher.If automobile is in revolving speed NaktWhen driving, but with point KoptRequirement similarly need Lesser cooling power K, then on compressor of air conditioner revolving speed towards NoptDecline.For this purpose, clutch 14 is opened.First motor Then with engine mode drive belt transmission device 11, wherein the power supply of first motor 10 can be carried out by the second motor 20 or Person is carried out when battery 35 has enough energy and effective power by battery.Furthermore it can also be seen that automobile is with lesser Car speed (corresponding revolving speed Nopt) it can not achieve point KaktCooling power.For this purpose, equally opening speed changer 14, then belt is passed Dynamic device 11 can be driven by first motor 10, and first motor 10 is powered by the second motor 20, or when battery 35 has It is carried out when having enough energy and effective power by battery.Therefore, the decoupling plan of belt drive 11 is used for according to the present invention Slightly pass through the knowledge of power and relationship between efficiency between compressor of air conditioner, first motor 10 and the second motor 20 and accumulator 35 It provides.
Therefore Fig. 2 and 3 is shown, and motor 20 is arranged near wheel the maximum generation having depending on travel speed due to it Machine power.Motor 10 utilizes the gear of speed changer, so that generator power less relies on travel speed.Because motor 10 Operation is using the internal combustion engine and belt drive rotated as condition, and which results in supplementary losses.Electric storage means has limited output work Rate or output energy, therefore the power demand of its customer that cannot for good and all meet automobile.In order to ideally control these three The interaction of component, Fig. 2 and 3 show such necessity, i.e. the detection current power demand of customer or working as recycling The current charging and discharging power and car speed and air-conditioning power demand of preceding power supply and accumulator.By this The knowledge of the priori of the relationship between efficiency of a little knowledge and used unit, can control the component and clutch of belt drive in this way With the drive clutch of speed changer so that fuel consumption is minimized and improves driving comfort.
Furthermore it is contemplated that the other limit velocity of automobile may be implemented the maximum generation machine function of the second motor 20 Rate L.In this case, clutch 14 is closed again, for obtaining electric energy again by two motors 10,20.Here, motor 10,20 generator power depends on transmission ratio.This can be considered belt biography when determining above-mentioned car speed The coupling point of dynamic device.Control unit 17 according to the invention detects whole in generator power L, car speed V and automobile herein Body electricity demanding G, and with according to correspondingly connected or cut-off clutch 14 of the invention.
The preceding description of Fig. 1 to 3 only describes the present invention in the scope of citing.The individual feature of the form of implementation As long as being technically that reasonably obviously can freely be combined with each other, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
List of numerals
10 first motors
11 belt drives
12 crankshafts
13 internal combustion engines
14 clutches
15 drive clutch
16 speed changers
17 control units
20 second motors
21 automotive trannsmission systems/the second drive shaft
22 mechanical or redundancy clutches
30 automobile circuits
The traction conducting wire of 31 first motors
The traction conducting wire of 32 second motors
33 divider chains
34 DC/DC converters
35 accumulators
The input power of A compressor of air conditioner
C coefficient
G entirety electricity demanding
The cooling power of K compressor of air conditioner
The maximum generation machine power of the second motor of L
The maximum generation machine power depending on gear of L1, L2, L3, L4, LN first motor
The revolving speed of N compressor of air conditioner
V car speed

Claims (11)

1. a kind of driving device for hybrid vehicle, has
Internal combustion engine (13),
The first motor (10) that can be connected with the crankshaft (12) of internal combustion engine (13),
With can with the automotive trannsmission system (21) of hybrid vehicle couple the second motor (20),
Wherein, driving device has control unit (17), and described control unit is designed for being more than the pole of hybrid vehicle The crankshaft of first motor (10) and internal combustion engine (13) is carried out when limit speed when speed limit is spent and/or more than the second motor (20) (12) decoupling,
And wherein the limit speed of the limit velocity of hybrid vehicle and/or the second motor (20) is according in hybrid power vapour The electrical power (G), and/or first motor (10) and/or the second motor (20) needed in vehicle is used to provide the described electrical power (G) The generator power (L) of efficiency and/or the second motor (20) determines.
2. driving device described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that
Described control unit is designed for when being lower than the minimum speed of hybrid vehicle and/or lower than the second motor (20) The coupling of the crankshaft (12) of first motor (10) and internal combustion engine (13) is carried out when minimum speed,
Wherein the minimum speed and/or the minimum speed of the second motor (20) are according to the electric work needed in hybrid vehicle Rate (G), and/or first motor (10) and/or the second motor (20) are used to provide the described the efficiency and/or second of electrical power (G) The generator power (L) of motor (20) determines.
3. driving device according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that first motor (10) can be in belt drive It (11) or directly can be with hybrid vehicle with the coupling of the crankshaft (12) of internal combustion engine (13) and/or the second motor (20) in Automotive trannsmission system (21) coupling.
4. driving device described in accordance with the claim 3, which is characterized in that compressor of air conditioner can be with belt drive (11) coupling Even.
5. driving device described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that the automobile of the second motor (20) and hybrid vehicle Transmission device (21) in oil-engine driven second drive shaft by not coupling.
6. driving device described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that the second motor (20) by multiple fixed couplings or The motor that person can couple is formed.
7. driving device described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that first motor (10) can by clutch (14) with The crankshaft (12) of internal combustion engine (13) couples and/or the second motor (20) can be by clutch (22) and hybrid vehicle Automotive trannsmission system (21) coupling.
8. driving device described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that the second motor (20) can redundantly with hybrid power The automotive trannsmission system (21) of automobile is decoupled and/or the second motor (20) has the free wheel device that can be connected, for powerless It is decoupled with the automotive trannsmission system (21) of hybrid vehicle to square.
9. a kind of method for running the driving device of hybrid vehicle, the driving device has internal combustion engine (13),
The first motor (10) that can be connected with the crankshaft (12) of internal combustion engine (13),
With can with the automotive trannsmission system (21) of hybrid vehicle couple the second motor (20),
The method includes at least one step:
A) be more than hybrid vehicle limit velocity when and/or more than the second motor (20) limit speed when first motor (10) it is decoupled with the crankshaft (12) of internal combustion engine (13),
Wherein the limit speed of the limit velocity of hybrid vehicle and/or the second motor (20) is according in hybrid vehicle The electrical power (G), and/or first motor (10) and/or the second motor (20) that need are used to provide the described the efficiency of electrical power (G) And/or second motor (20) generator power (L) determine.
10. according to the method for claim 9, which is characterized in that the method includes at least one other step:
A ') lower than hybrid vehicle minimum speed and/or hybrid vehicle the second motor (20) minimum speed When first motor (10) and internal combustion engine (13) crankshaft (12) couple, wherein the minimum speed of the hybrid vehicle and/or The minimum speed of second motor (20) is according to the electrical power (G), and/or first motor (10) of the needs in hybrid vehicle And/or second motor (20) be used to provide the described the efficiency of electrical power (G) and/or the generator power (L) of the second motor (20) It determines.
11. according to method described in claim 9 or 10, which is characterized in that the method has at least one other step:
B) it determines in hybrid vehicle from automobile circuit demand, and/or optional electric air-conditioning compressor demand and/or can The electrical power (G) of the needs for recharging demand of the electric heater demand and/or accumulator of choosing.
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