CN107225822A - A kind of thermal bimetal material using electrical pure iron as intermediate layer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of thermal bimetal material using electrical pure iron as intermediate layer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of thermal bimetal material using electrical pure iron as intermediate layer and preparation method thereof.The thermal bimetal material is layer structure, including active layers, passive layer and the intermediate layer that is folded between active layers and passive layer, and the active layer material is iron-nickel-chromium FeNi22Cr3, intermediate layer material is electrical pure iron, and passive layer material is iron-nickel alloy FeNi36.Thermal bimetal material of the present invention has good flexivity, resistivity, welding performance and corrosion resistance, realizes with low cost perfectly balanced between corrosion resistance；In addition, the preparation method of the present invention can make having between layers compared with high bond strength for the thermal bimetal material of preparation, it is ensured that combination interface is straight, flawless phenomenon occurs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of thermal bimetal material and preparation method thereof, specifically, it is related to one kind using electrical pure iron in
Thermal bimetal material of interbed and preparation method thereof, belongs to technical field of metal material.
Background technology
Thermal bimetal material is a kind of functional temperature-sensitive material, by two or more different heat expansion coefficient
Material composition, wherein active layers are using the larger material of thermal coefficient of expansion, and passive layer uses the less material of thermal coefficient of expansion,
It can produce the change of shape according to temperature change, be mainly used in the fields such as temperature controller, low-voltage electrical apparatus and instrument and meter,
Such as：For the overload protection of low-voltage circuit breaker, when current overload, result in material temperature rise makes bimetal leaf produce bending, from
And make circuit turn-on or disconnection.
It is usually at present three-layer composite structure applied to the thermal bimetal material on low-voltage electrical apparatus, including it is active layers, passive
Layer and the intermediate layer between active layers and passive layer, due to flexivity of the thermal bimetal material on low-voltage electrical apparatus to material
Had higher requirements with terms of resistivity uniformity, corrosion resistance and weldability, therefore, in current thermal bimetal material
Interlayer material mainly uses pure nickel.Current such thermal bimetal material using pure nickel as intermediate layer, is about 2000 per annual requirement
Ton, because nickel is expensive non-ferrous metal, causes production cost very high, in order to reduce the production cost of thermo bimetal, because
This needs few nickel of developing low-cost or the thermal bimetal material without Ni interlayer.
A kind of stratiform thermal bimetal material for saving nickel is disclosed in Chinese patent CN201410157022.9, the heat is double
The intermediate layer of metal material uses the alloy combination of copper alloy layer and the mutual lamellar composite of steel alloy layer without pure nickel
Layer, the number of plies of alloy combination layer is layer 2-4, and the thickness of alloy combination layer accounts for the 5%-40% of thermal bimetal material gross thickness, its
In, the material of copper alloy layer is any for C11000's or C10200 or C10700, the material of steel alloy layer for SUS430 or
SUS304's is any；Although the patent has saved the consumption of nickel, but the copper alloy layer and steel alloy layer valency that intermediate layer is used
Lattice remain unchanged costly, and production cost is still higher.Chinese patent CN200810200901.X, CN200810041654.3,
A kind of thermal bimetal material, above-mentioned thermo bimetal are all individually disclosed in CN200810200898.1, CN200810200899.6
The intermediate layer of material replaces pure nickel using electrical pure iron, has saved the consumption of nickel, has reduced production cost.With electricity in above-mentioned patent
The pure nickel that the alloy combination layer of work pure iron or copper alloy layer and the mutual lamellar composite of steel alloy layer is used instead of bimetallic material
Intermediate layer, has saved the consumption of nickel, although reduces production cost to a certain extent, but is due to lacking for pure nickel intermediate layer
Lose, cause the reduction of its decay resistance, and the thermal bimetal material used on low-voltage electrical apparatus is higher to decay resistance requirement, this
Use demand can not be met by resulting in above-mentioned thermal bimetal material.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of with low cost, good corrosion resistance
The thermal bimetal material using electrical pure iron as intermediate layer and preparation method thereof, to overcome the defect of existing thermal bimetal material.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of thermal bimetal material using electrical pure iron as intermediate layer, is layer structure, including active layers, passive layer and folder
The intermediate layer between active layers and passive layer is located at, the active layer material is iron-nickel-chromium FeNi22Cr3, the intermediate layer
Material is electrical pure iron, and the passive layer material is iron-nickel alloy FeNi36。
Preferably, in the gross thickness of the thermal bimetal material：The thickness of active layers accounts for 32-42%, middle
The thickness of layer accounts for 24-34%, and the thickness of passive layer accounts for 29-39%.
As further preferred scheme, the gross thickness of the thermal bimetal material is 1.0-1.1mm, wherein：Active layers
Thickness accounts for 35-39%, and the thickness in intermediate layer accounts for 27-31%, and the thickness of passive layer accounts for 32-36%.
Preferably, iron-nickel-chromium FeNi22Cr3Chemical composition be：C≤0.03%, Si≤0.2%, Mn≤
0.3%, P≤0.01%, S≤0.01%, Ni：21.5-22.5%, Cr：2.9-3.1%, Fe：Surplus, above percentage is
Mass percent.
Preferably, the material of electrical pure iron is DT3 pure iron, and its chemical composition is：Fe：99-99.8%, C≤
0.04%, Si≤0.2%, Mn≤0.3%, P≤0.01%, S≤0.01%, Cr≤0.1%, Ni≤0.1%, Mo≤0.1%,
Residual elements summation≤0.2%, above percentage is mass percent.
Preferably, iron-nickel alloy FeNi36Chemical composition be：C≤0.03%, Si≤0.2%, Mn≤0.3%,
P≤0.01%, S≤0.01%, Co≤0.2%, Cr≤0.2%, Ni：35-37%, Fe：Surplus, above percentage is quality
Percentage.
It is a kind of to prepare the method for the present invention using electrical pure iron as the thermal bimetal material in intermediate layer, including breaking down,
Diffusion annealing and finish rolling, the temperature of the breaking down are higher than 100 DEG C, and the reduction ratio of breaking down is more than 80%, and the finish rolling is cold rolling, essence
The reduction ratio rolled is more than 70%.
Preferably, the preparation using electrical pure iron as the thermal bimetal material in intermediate layer comprises the following steps：
1) raw material selection：Selection iron-nickel-chromium is active layer material, and selection electrical pure iron is intermediate layer material, selection
Iron-nickel alloy is passive layer material, and selected material is band；
2) clean：Cleaning treatment is carried out to the surface of active layer material, intermediate layer material and passive layer material；
3) it is roughened：Roughening treatment is carried out to the surface of active layer material, intermediate layer material and passive layer material；
4) dry：Active layer material, intermediate layer material and passive layer material are carried out under 100-200 DEG C, nitrogen atmosphere
Drying and processing；
5) breaking down：Active layer material, intermediate layer material and passive layer material are subjected to breaking down processing under ammonia dissolving atmosphere,
Make trilaminate material is compound to be integral, the temperature of the breaking down is 100-500 DEG C, reduction ratio is 80-98%；
6) diffusion annealing：Material after first rolling compound is diffused annealing at 300-1000 DEG C；
7) finish rolling：Material after diffusion annealing is subjected to finish rolling processing, reduction ratio is 70-95%；
8) stretch-bending straightening：Stretch-bending straightening processing is carried out to the material after finish rolling by stretch bending-straightening machine；
9) slitting：Material after stretch-bending straightening is cut into by the long band of the equal metal of width by banding machine；
10) punching press：The long band of metal is struck out to the element of required shape；
11) stabilizing annealing：The element of punching press is subjected to stabilizing annealing processing in the case where decomposing ammonia atmosphere, annealing temperature is
200-500 DEG C, soaking time is 30-360 minutes, produces the thermal bimetal material.
It is used as further preferred scheme, step 5) in, the temperature of the breaking down is 220-240 DEG C, reduction ratio is 90-
95%.
It is used as further preferred scheme, step 6) in, the temperature of the diffusion annealing is 810-830 DEG C.
It is used as further preferred scheme, step 7) in, the reduction ratio of the finish rolling is 85-90%.
It is used as further preferred scheme, step 11) in, the temperature of stabilizing annealing is 230-250 DEG C, and soaking time is
60-90 minutes.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following conspicuousness beneficial effect：
Because the active layer material of the thermal bimetal material of the invention provided is iron-nickel-chromium, intermediate layer material is electrician
Pure iron, passive layer material be iron-nickel alloy, intermediate layer using cheap electrical pure iron replace conventional pure nickel or copper alloy layer with
The alloy combination layer of the mutual lamellar composite of steel alloy layer, therefore, the present invention not only reduces production cost, and in each layer material
Under the synergy of material, with good flexivity, resistivity and welding performance, the application requirement of low-voltage electrical apparatus can be met, especially
It is, also with good corrosion resistance, to can apply to the electronic component of wet environment；In addition, the preparation work of the present invention
Skill is economical and practical, and preparation process is simple, with low cost, without special installation and harsh conditions, it is easy to accomplish large-scale production.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation using electrical pure iron as the thermal bimetal material in intermediate layer that the present invention is provided；
Fig. 2 is the electron scanning micrograph to thermal bimetal material cross section of the present invention.
In figure：1- active layers；2- intermediate layers；3- passive layers.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail and completely with reference to embodiment and comparative example.
Embodiment 1
1) raw material selection：Select FeNi22Cr3Alloy is the material of active layers 1, and selection DT3 pure iron is the material of intermediate layer 2,
Select FeNi36Alloy is the material of passive layer 3, and selected material is band, and the width of band is 100mm, annealed state；
2) clean：Cleaning treatment is carried out to the surface of active layer material, intermediate layer material and passive layer material, to remove it
The greasy dirt and oxide on surface；
3) it is roughened：Roughening treatment is carried out to the surface of the material of active layers 1, the material of intermediate layer 2 and the material of passive layer 3, to carry
The bond strength of high thermal bimetal material interlayer；
4) dry：The material of active layers 1, the material of intermediate layer 2 and the material of passive layer 3 are dried under 150 DEG C, nitrogen atmosphere
Dry-cure；
5) breaking down：The material of active layers 1, the material of intermediate layer 2 and the material of passive layer 3 are carried out at breaking down under ammonia dissolving atmosphere
Reason, makes trilaminate material is compound to be integral, breaking down temperature is 220 DEG C, and reduction ratio is 93%；
6) diffusion annealing：Material after first rolling compound is diffused annealing at 810 DEG C, to improve thermo bimetal
The bond strength of material interlayer；
7) finish rolling：Material after diffusion annealing is subjected to finish rolling processing, reduction ratio is 88%；
8) stretch-bending straightening：Stretch-bending straightening processing is carried out to the material after finish rolling by stretch bending-straightening machine, to improve hot double gold
Belong to the glacing flatness of band；
9) slitting：Material after stretch-bending straightening is cut into by the long band of the equal metal of width by banding machine；
10) punching press：The long band of metal is struck out to the element of required shape；
11) stabilizing annealing：The element of punching press is subjected to stabilizing annealing processing in the case where decomposing ammonia atmosphere, it is hot double to improve
The uniformity of metal material performance, annealing temperature is 250 DEG C, and soaking time is 60 minutes, produces the thermal bimetal material, should
Integral material gross thickness is 1.081mm in thermal bimetal material, and the thickness of active layers 1 is 0.397mm, and the thickness of intermediate layer 2 is
0.313mm, the thickness of passive layer 3 is 0.371mm.
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view for the thermal bimetal material that the present embodiment is prepared, it can be seen that prepared by the present embodiment
Thermal bimetal material it is straight in combination interface between layer structure, and active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and passive layer 3, active layers
1st, intermediate layer 2 and the thickness evenness of passive layer 3 are good；Disbonded test is carried out according to GB/T 5270-2005, by the thermo bimetal
Material curves right angle, and the bond strength between intermediate layer 2 and active layers 1 and passive layer 3 is higher, combination interface flawless phenomenon
Occur.
The flexivity and resistivity data determination data of the thermal bimetal material prepared are as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 2
Breaking down temperature is 215 DEG C in the present embodiment, and reduction ratio is 92%, and the temperature of diffusion annealing is 815 DEG C, the pressure of finish rolling
Lower rate is 88%, and the temperature of stabilizing annealing is 235 DEG C, and soaking time is 70 minutes；It is overall in obtained thermal bimetal material
Material gross thickness is 1.079mm, and the thickness of active layers 1 is 0.395mm, and the thickness of intermediate layer 2 is 0.311mm, and the thickness of passive layer 3 is
0.373mm.Remaining content is same as Example 1.
Thermal bimetal material manufactured in the present embodiment is also between layer structure, and active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and passive layer 3
Combination interface it is straight, active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and the thickness evenness of passive layer 3 are good；Carried out according to GB/T 5270-2005
Disbonded test, right angle is curved by the thermal bimetal material, the bond strength between intermediate layer 2 and active layers 1 and passive layer 3 compared with
Height, combination interface flawless phenomenon occurs.
The flexivity and resistivity data determination data of the thermal bimetal material prepared are also as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 3
Breaking down temperature is 225 DEG C in the present embodiment, and reduction ratio is 93%, and the temperature of diffusion annealing is 825 DEG C, the pressure of finish rolling
Lower rate is 89%, and the temperature of stabilizing annealing is 245 DEG C, and soaking time is 65 minutes；It is overall in obtained thermal bimetal material
Material gross thickness is 1.082mm, and the thickness of active layers 1 is 0.398mm, and the thickness of intermediate layer 2 is 0.314mm, and the thickness of passive layer 3 is
0.370mm.Remaining content is same as Example 1.
Thermal bimetal material manufactured in the present embodiment is also between layer structure, and active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and passive layer 3
Combination interface it is straight, active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and the thickness evenness of passive layer 3 are good；Carried out according to GB/T 5270-2005
Disbonded test, right angle is curved by the thermal bimetal material, the bond strength between intermediate layer 2 and active layers 1 and passive layer 3 compared with
Height, combination interface flawless phenomenon occurs.
The flexivity and resistivity data determination data of the thermal bimetal material prepared are also as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 4
Breaking down temperature is 235 DEG C in the present embodiment, and reduction ratio is 94%, and the temperature of diffusion annealing is 830 DEG C, the pressure of finish rolling
Lower rate is 90%, and the temperature of stabilizing annealing is 250 DEG C, and soaking time is 75 minutes；It is overall in obtained thermal bimetal material
Material gross thickness is 1.080mm, and the thickness of active layers 1 is 0.397mm, and the thickness of intermediate layer 2 is 0.314mm, and the thickness of passive layer 3 is
0.369mm.Remaining content is same as Example 1.
Thermal bimetal material manufactured in the present embodiment is also between layer structure, and active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and passive layer 3
Combination interface it is straight, active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and the thickness evenness of passive layer 3 are good；Carried out according to GB/T 5270-2005
Disbonded test, right angle is curved by the thermal bimetal material, the bond strength between intermediate layer 2 and active layers 1 and passive layer 3 compared with
Height, combination interface flawless phenomenon occurs.
The flexivity and resistivity data determination data of the thermal bimetal material prepared are also as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 5
Breaking down temperature is 205 DEG C in the present embodiment, and reduction ratio is 90%, and the temperature of diffusion annealing is 805 DEG C, the pressure of finish rolling
Lower rate is 87%, and the temperature of stabilizing annealing is 255 DEG C, and soaking time is 60 minutes；It is overall in obtained thermal bimetal material
Material gross thickness is 1.079mm, and the thickness of active layers 1 is 0.395mm, and the thickness of intermediate layer 2 is 0.312mm, and the thickness of passive layer 3 is
0.372mm.Remaining content is same as Example 1.
Thermal bimetal material manufactured in the present embodiment is also between layer structure, and active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and passive layer 3
Combination interface it is straight, active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and the thickness evenness of passive layer 3 are good；Carried out according to GB/T 5270-2005
Disbonded test, right angle is curved by the thermal bimetal material, the bond strength between intermediate layer 2 and active layers 1 and passive layer 3 compared with
Height, combination interface flawless phenomenon occurs.
The flexivity and resistivity data determination data of the thermal bimetal material prepared are also as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 6
Breaking down temperature is 240 DEG C in the present embodiment, and reduction ratio is 95%, and the temperature of diffusion annealing is 830 DEG C, the pressure of finish rolling
Lower rate is 90%, and the temperature of stabilizing annealing is 250 DEG C, and soaking time is 60 minutes；It is overall in obtained thermal bimetal material
Material gross thickness is 1.082mm, and the thickness of active layers 1 is 0.396mm, and the thickness of intermediate layer 2 is 0.314mm, and the thickness of passive layer 3 is
0.372mm.Remaining content is same as Example 1.
Thermal bimetal material manufactured in the present embodiment is also between layer structure, and active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and passive layer 3
Combination interface it is straight, active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and the thickness evenness of passive layer 3 are good；Carried out according to GB/T 5270-2005
Disbonded test, right angle is curved by the thermal bimetal material, the bond strength between intermediate layer 2 and active layers 1 and passive layer 3 compared with
Height, combination interface flawless phenomenon occurs.
The flexivity and resistivity data determination data of the thermal bimetal material prepared are also as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 7
Breaking down temperature is 245 DEG C in the present embodiment, and reduction ratio is 98%, and the temperature of diffusion annealing is 835 DEG C, the pressure of finish rolling
Lower rate is 90%, and the temperature of stabilizing annealing is 260 DEG C, and soaking time is 75 minutes；It is overall in obtained thermal bimetal material
Material gross thickness is 1.079mm, and the thickness of active layers 1 is 0.397mm, and the thickness of intermediate layer 2 is 0.312mm, and the thickness of passive layer 3 is
0.370mm.Remaining content is same as Example 1.
Thermal bimetal material manufactured in the present embodiment is also between layer structure, and active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and passive layer 3
Combination interface it is straight, active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and the thickness evenness of passive layer 3 are good；Carried out according to GB/T 5270-2005
Disbonded test, right angle is curved by the thermal bimetal material, the bond strength between intermediate layer 2 and active layers 1 and passive layer 3 compared with
Height, combination interface flawless phenomenon occurs.
The flexivity and resistivity data determination data of the thermal bimetal material prepared are also as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 8
Breaking down temperature is 230 DEG C in the present embodiment, and reduction ratio is 94%, and the temperature of diffusion annealing is 820 DEG C, the pressure of finish rolling
Lower rate is 89%, and the temperature of stabilizing annealing is 240 DEG C, and soaking time is 60 minutes；It is overall in obtained thermal bimetal material
Material gross thickness is 1.080mm, and the thickness of active layers 1 is 0.398mm, and the thickness of intermediate layer 2 is 0.313mm, and the thickness of passive layer 3 is
0.369mm.Remaining content is same as Example 1.
Thermal bimetal material manufactured in the present embodiment is also between layer structure, and active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and passive layer 3
Combination interface it is straight, active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and the thickness evenness of passive layer 3 are good；Carried out according to GB/T 5270-2005
Disbonded test, right angle is curved by the thermal bimetal material, the bond strength between intermediate layer 2 and active layers 1 and passive layer 3 compared with
Height, combination interface flawless phenomenon occurs.
The flexivity and resistivity data determination data of the thermal bimetal material prepared are also as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 9
Breaking down temperature is 200 DEG C in the present embodiment, and reduction ratio is 88%, and the temperature of diffusion annealing is 800 DEG C, the pressure of finish rolling
Lower rate is 87%, and the temperature of stabilizing annealing is 220 DEG C, and soaking time is 80 minutes；It is overall in obtained thermal bimetal material
Material gross thickness is 1.080mm, and the thickness of active layers 1 is 0.396mm, and the thickness of intermediate layer 2 is 0.314mm, and the thickness of passive layer 3 is
0.371mm.Remaining content is same as Example 1.
Thermal bimetal material manufactured in the present embodiment is also between layer structure, and active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and passive layer 3
Combination interface it is straight, active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and the thickness evenness of passive layer 3 are good；Carried out according to GB/T 5270-2005
Disbonded test, right angle is curved by the thermal bimetal material, the bond strength between intermediate layer 2 and active layers 1 and passive layer 3 compared with
Height, combination interface flawless phenomenon occurs.
The flexivity and resistivity data determination data of the thermal bimetal material prepared are also as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 10
Breaking down temperature is 220 DEG C in the present embodiment, and reduction ratio is 93%, and the temperature of diffusion annealing is 810 DEG C, the pressure of finish rolling
Lower rate is 88%, and the temperature of stabilizing annealing is 230 DEG C, and soaking time is 60 minutes；It is overall in obtained thermal bimetal material
Material gross thickness is 1.079mm, and the thickness of active layers 1 is 0.395mm, and the thickness of intermediate layer 2 is 0.311mm, and the thickness of passive layer 3 is
0.372mm.Remaining content is same as Example 1.
Thermal bimetal material manufactured in the present embodiment is also between layer structure, and active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and passive layer 3
Combination interface it is straight, active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and the thickness evenness of passive layer 3 are good；Carried out according to GB/T 5270-2005
Disbonded test, right angle is curved by the thermal bimetal material, the bond strength between intermediate layer 2 and active layers 1 and passive layer 3 compared with
Height, combination interface flawless phenomenon occurs.
The flexivity and resistivity data determination data of the thermal bimetal material prepared are also as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 11
Breaking down temperature is 235 DEG C in the present embodiment, and reduction ratio is 96%, and the temperature of diffusion annealing is 800 DEG C, the pressure of finish rolling
Lower rate is 86%, and the temperature of stabilizing annealing is 220 DEG C, and soaking time is 85 minutes；It is overall in obtained thermal bimetal material
Material gross thickness is 1.081mm, and the thickness of active layers 1 is 0.398mm, and the thickness of intermediate layer 2 is 0.312mm, and the thickness of passive layer 3 is
0.371mm.Remaining content is same as Example 1.
Thermal bimetal material manufactured in the present embodiment is also between layer structure, and active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and passive layer 3
Combination interface it is straight, active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and the thickness evenness of passive layer 3 are good；Carried out according to GB/T 5270-2005
Disbonded test, right angle is curved by the thermal bimetal material, the bond strength between intermediate layer 2 and active layers 1 and passive layer 3 compared with
Height, combination interface flawless phenomenon occurs.
The flexivity and resistivity data determination data of the thermal bimetal material prepared are also as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 12
Breaking down temperature is 215 DEG C in the present embodiment, and reduction ratio is 97%, and the temperature of diffusion annealing is 840 DEG C, the pressure of finish rolling
Lower rate is 85%, and the temperature of stabilizing annealing is 250 DEG C, and soaking time is 90 minutes；It is overall in obtained thermal bimetal material
Material gross thickness is 1.080mm, and the thickness of active layers 1 is 0.397mm, and the thickness of intermediate layer 2 is 0.311mm, and the thickness of passive layer 3 is
0.372mm.Remaining content is same as Example 1.
Thermal bimetal material manufactured in the present embodiment is also between layer structure, and active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and passive layer 3
Combination interface it is straight, active layers 1, intermediate layer 2 and the thickness evenness of passive layer 3 are good；Carried out according to GB/T 5270-2005
Disbonded test, right angle is curved by the thermal bimetal material, the bond strength between intermediate layer 2 and active layers 1 and passive layer 3 compared with
Height, combination interface flawless phenomenon occurs.
The flexivity and resistivity data determination data of the thermal bimetal material prepared are also as shown in table 1.
The determination data for the thermal bimetal material that the embodiment 1-12 of table 1 is obtained
From table 1：The flexivity of thermal bimetal material produced by the present invention is about 24.51K-1, resistivity is about
25.03 μ Ω cm, flexivity and resistivity are preferable, and performance is relatively stable, and pure is replaced using electrical pure iron in intermediate layer in the past
The alloy combination layer of nickel or copper alloy layer and the mutual lamellar composite of steel alloy layer, on the premise of reducing production cost, is made
Properties of product it is unaffected, flexivity and resistivity are more superior, the application requirement of composite low-pressure electrical equipment.
Embodiment 13：Welding performance is tested
By taking thermal bimetal material prepared by embodiment 6,8,10 as an example, its welding performance is tested respectively, is specially：
Thermal bimetal material piece and copper sheet are used into soldering connection, bonding area is 10mm × 10mm, using copper solder, welding temperature
For 850 DEG C；Test result is as shown in table 2.
The welding performance data of the thermal bimetal material of table 2
| Sample | Ratio of brazing area (%) | The tensile strength (MPa) of weld |
| Embodiment 6 | 88 | 167 |
| Embodiment 8 | 87 | 143 |
| Embodiment 10 | 86 | 131 |
From table 2：There is preferable ratio of brazing area and tensile strength, table after thermal bimetal material welding produced by the present invention
The bright thermal bimetal material has good welding performance, can meet the application requirement of the breaker of low-voltage electrical apparatus.
Embodiment 14；Decay resistance is tested
By taking thermal bimetal material prepared by embodiment 6,8,10 as an example, using neutral salt spray test respectively to its corrosion resistance
It can be tested, be specially：Salt spray test use mass percent for 5% sodium-chloride water solution as spraying solution,
Test temperature is 25 DEG C, and the sedimentation rate of salt fog is 0.02ml/cm2h, by 12,24,36,48,60 and 72 hours, surveys its heat double
The anti-corrosion grade of metal material, test result is as shown in table 3.
Comparative example 1
In CN200810200901.X, CN200810041654.3, CN200810200898.1, CN200810200899.6
In contrast CN200810200901.X, is closer to, to implement in CN200810200901.X with the material composition of the present invention
The thermal bimetal material of example 1 be comparative example, using with the identical preparation technology of the embodiment of the present invention 6, be made contrast thermo bimetal
In material, the contrast thermal bimetal material, active layers FeNi20Mn6Alloy (it is 30% to account for total volume percent), intermediate layer is electricity
Work pure iron (it is 40% to account for total volume percent), passive layer is FeNi36Alloy (it is 30% to account for total volume percent).Using implementation
Method of testing in example 14 carries out decay resistance test to obtained contrast thermal bimetal material, and test result is as shown in table 3.
The decay resistance test data of the thermal bimetal material of table 3
| Sample | Active layers | Intermediate layer | Passive layer | 72 hours anti-corrosion grades |
| Embodiment 6 | FeNi22Cr3 | Electrical pure iron | FeNi36 | 9 |
| Embodiment 8 | FeNi22Cr3 | Electrical pure iron | FeNi36 | 9 |
| Embodiment 10 | FeNi22Cr3 | Electrical pure iron | FeNi36 | 9 |
| Comparative example 1 | FeNi20Mn6 | Electrical pure iron | FeNi36 | 7 |
From table 3：The thermal bimetal material of the present invention has preferably corrosion-resistant compared to contrast thermal bimetal material
Performance, can apply to the electronic component of wet environment.
As can be seen here, the decay resistance of thermal bimetal material of the invention is made based on the collaboration between layers of material
With every layer material is not simply replaced.
Comparative example 2
Breaking down is combined using cold in this comparative example, and the reduction ratio of breaking down is 80%, and the temperature of diffusion annealing is 830 DEG C, essence
The reduction ratio rolled is 60%, and the temperature of stabilizing annealing is 250 DEG C, and soaking time is 60 minutes；Remaining content and the phase of embodiment 6
Together.
Although thermal bimetal material prepared by this comparative example is also in layer structure, carried out according to GB/T 5270-2005
Disbonded test, right angle is curved by the thermal bimetal material, the bond strength between intermediate layer 2 and active layers 1 and passive layer 3 compared with
Low, there is crackle, product quality existing defects in combination interface.
Comparative example 3
Breaking down temperature is 240 DEG C in this comparative example, and reduction ratio is 40%, and the temperature of diffusion annealing is 830 DEG C, the pressure of finish rolling
Lower rate is 60%, and the temperature of stabilizing annealing is 250 DEG C, and soaking time is 60 minutes；Remaining content is same as Example 6.
Although thermal bimetal material prepared by this comparative example is also in layer structure, carried out according to GB/T 5270-2005
Disbonded test, right angle is curved by the thermal bimetal material, the bond strength between intermediate layer 2 and active layers 1 and passive layer 3 compared with
Low, there is crackle, product quality existing defects in combination interface.
Comparative example 4
Breaking down is combined using cold in this comparative example, and the reduction ratio of breaking down is 70%, and the temperature of diffusion annealing is 820 DEG C, essence
The reduction ratio rolled is 50%, and the temperature of stabilizing annealing is 240 DEG C, and soaking time is 60 minutes；Remaining content and the phase of embodiment 8
Together.
Although thermal bimetal material prepared by this comparative example is also in layer structure, carried out according to GB/T 5270-2005
Disbonded test, right angle is curved by the thermal bimetal material, the bond strength between intermediate layer 2 and active layers 1 and passive layer 3 compared with
Low, there is crackle, product quality existing defects in combination interface.
Comparative example 5
Breaking down temperature is 230 DEG C in this comparative example, and reduction ratio is 30%, and the temperature of diffusion annealing is 820 DEG C, the pressure of finish rolling
Lower rate is 50%, and the temperature of stabilizing annealing is 240 DEG C, and soaking time is 60 minutes；Remaining content is same as Example 8.
Although thermal bimetal material prepared by this comparative example is also in layer structure, carried out according to GB/T 5270-2005
Disbonded test, right angle is curved by the thermal bimetal material, the bond strength between intermediate layer 2 and active layers 1 and passive layer 3 compared with
Low, there is crackle, product quality existing defects in combination interface.
Comparative example 6
Breaking down is combined using cold in this comparative example, and the reduction ratio of breaking down is 60%, and the temperature of diffusion annealing is 810 DEG C, essence
The reduction ratio rolled is 40%, and the temperature of stabilizing annealing is 230 DEG C, and soaking time is 60 minutes；Remaining content and embodiment 10
It is identical.
Although thermal bimetal material prepared by this comparative example is also in layer structure, carried out according to GB/T 5270-2005
Disbonded test, right angle is curved by the thermal bimetal material, the bond strength between intermediate layer 2 and active layers 1 and passive layer 3 compared with
Low, there is crackle, product quality existing defects in combination interface.
Comparative example 7
Breaking down temperature is 220 DEG C in this comparative example, and reduction ratio is 20%, and the temperature of diffusion annealing is 810 DEG C, the pressure of finish rolling
Lower rate is 40%, and the temperature of stabilizing annealing is 230 DEG C, and soaking time is 60 minutes；Remaining content is same as in Example 10.
Although thermal bimetal material prepared by this comparative example is also in layer structure, carried out according to GB/T 5270-2005
Disbonded test, right angle is curved by the thermal bimetal material, the bond strength between intermediate layer 2 and active layers 1 and passive layer 3 compared with
Low, there is crackle, product quality existing defects in combination interface.
The preparation process of thermal bimetal material generally include selection, cleaning, breaking down, diffusion annealing, finish rolling, stretch-bending straightening,
The steps such as slitting, punching press (such as the manufacturing process of the thrermostatic bimetal-plate disclosed in Chinese patent CN201410265649.6).
In the preparation process of thermal bimetal material, breaking down, finish rolling be influence product quality key link, needed during breaking down by
Multilayer metal compound is an entirety, if the technological parameter of breaking down especially reduction ratio is not suitable for that the compound production of bimetallic can be caused
Product produce defect, influence final product quality, general breaking down is divided into cold compound and temperature and is combined, in order that intermediate layer and the active layers of product
And the combination between passive layer is preferably, combination interface is more straight, typically using the rolling mill practice of low deformation rate, cold compound
When, the reduction ratio of breaking down is typically that (such as the reduction ratio of breaking down is up to 60-80% in Chinese patent CN201410265649.6
70%), warm compound tense, its reduction ratio will be less than cold compound reduction ratio, usual 20-40%.Meanwhile, by breaking down, expand
The bimetallic material after annealing is dissipated to also need to carry out finish rolling (i.e. finished product is cold rolling), the quality and the technique of finish rolling of final finished quality
There are much relations, for bimetallic, breaking down is basic, finish rolling is crucial.Typically, finish rolling pushes rate in 40-
65% (such as the reduction ratio of finish rolling is up to 42% in Chinese patent CN201410265649.6).
The breaking down selection of the present invention is that temperature is compound, and finish rolling is cold rolling, but is due to the thermal bimetal material master of the present invention
Dynamic layer material is iron-nickel-chromium, and intermediate layer material is electrical pure iron, and passive layer material is iron-nickel alloy, with the conventional double gold of heat
Category material has difference substantially, during composite rolling, the more difficulty of the combination between intermediate layer and active layers and passive layer (from
Comparative example 2-7 is visible, using traditional rolling mill practice, and crackle occurs in the combination interface of product, off quality), it is necessary to adopt
Use specific preparation technology.And the present invention has exactly abandoned the rolling mill practice of conventional low deformation rate, using rolling for large deformation rate
(breaking down is combined and pushes rate more than 80% technique processed for temperature, and finish rolling pushes rate and is more than 70%) so that product active layers, intermediate layer
Good with passive layer thickness homogeneity, the bond strength between intermediate layer and active layers and passive layer is higher, and combination interface is put down
Directly, flawless phenomenon occurs, it is ensured that product quality.
In summary：Because the active layer material of the thermal bimetal material of the invention provided is iron-nickel-chromium, intermediate layer
Material is electrical pure iron, and passive layer material is iron-nickel alloy, intermediate layer using cheap electrical pure iron replace conventional pure nickel or
The alloy combination layer of copper alloy layer and the mutual lamellar composite of steel alloy layer, therefore, the present invention not only reduces production cost, and
And under the synergy of layers of material, thermal bimetal material of the invention has good flexivity, resistivity and weldability
Can, the application requirement of low-voltage electrical apparatus can be met, especially, also with good corrosion resistance, with low cost and corrosion resistant is realized
It is perfectly balanced between corrosion, it can apply to the electronic component of wet environment；In addition, being used in the preparation technology of the present invention
The rolling mill practice of large deformation rate so that the thermal bimetal material of preparation, integral material gross thickness and trilaminate material thickness it is equal
Even property is good, and the bond strength between intermediate layer and active layers and passive layer is higher, and combination interface is straight, and flawless phenomenon goes out
Existing, good product quality in terms of existing technologies, achieves conspicuousness progress and unexpected effect.
Finally need it is pointed out here that be：It the above is only the part preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is impossible to be interpreted as to this hair
The limitation of bright protection domain, those skilled in the art according to the present invention the above make some it is nonessential improvement and
Adjustment belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of thermal bimetal material using electrical pure iron as intermediate layer, it is characterised in that：For layer structure, including active layers,
Passive layer and the intermediate layer being folded between active layers and passive layer, the active layer material are iron-nickel-chromium FeNi22Cr3,
The intermediate layer material is electrical pure iron, and the passive layer material is iron-nickel alloy FeNi36。
2. the thermal bimetal material according to claim 1 using electrical pure iron as intermediate layer, it is characterised in that in the heat
In the gross thickness of bimetallic material：The thickness of active layers accounts for 32-42%, and the thickness in intermediate layer accounts for 24-34%, the thickness of passive layer
Account for 29-39%.
3. the thermal bimetal material according to claim 2 using electrical pure iron as intermediate layer, it is characterised in that：The heat is double
The gross thickness of metal material is 1.0-1.1mm, wherein：The thickness of active layers accounts for 35-39%, and the thickness in intermediate layer accounts for 27-31%,
The thickness of passive layer accounts for 32-36%.
4. the thermal bimetal material according to claim 1 using electrical pure iron as intermediate layer, it is characterised in that：The electrician
Pure iron is DT3 pure iron, and its chemical composition is：Fe 99-99.8%, C≤0.04%, Si≤0.2%, Mn≤0.3%, P≤
0.01%, S≤0.01%, Cr≤0.1%, Ni≤0.1%, Mo≤0.1%, residual elements summation≤0.2%, above percentage
It is mass percent.
5. a kind of method using electrical pure iron as the thermal bimetal material in intermediate layer prepared described in claim 1, its feature exists
In：Including breaking down, diffusion annealing and finish rolling, the temperature of the breaking down is more than 80% higher than 100 DEG C, reduction ratio, and the finish rolling is
Cold rolling, the reduction ratio of finish rolling is more than 70%.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that using electrical pure iron as the system of the thermal bimetal material in intermediate layer
It is standby to comprise the following steps：
1) raw material selection：Selection iron-nickel-chromium is active layer material, and selection electrical pure iron is intermediate layer material, selects iron nickel
Alloy is passive layer material, and selected material is band；
2) clean：Cleaning treatment is carried out to the surface of active layer material, intermediate layer material and passive layer material；
3) it is roughened：Roughening treatment is carried out to the surface of active layer material, intermediate layer material and passive layer material；
4) dry：Active layer material, intermediate layer material and passive layer material are dried under 100-200 DEG C, nitrogen atmosphere
Processing；
5) breaking down：Active layer material, intermediate layer material and passive layer material are subjected to breaking down processing under ammonia dissolving atmosphere, make three
Layer material is compound to be integral, and the temperature of the breaking down is 100-500 DEG C, reduction ratio is 80-98%；
6) diffusion annealing：Material after first rolling compound is diffused annealing at 300-1000 DEG C；
7) finish rolling：Material after diffusion annealing is subjected to finish rolling processing, reduction ratio is 70-95%；
8) stretch-bending straightening：Stretch-bending straightening processing is carried out to the material after finish rolling by stretch bending-straightening machine；
9) slitting：Material after stretch-bending straightening is cut into by the long band of the equal metal of width by banding machine；
10) punching press：The long band of metal is struck out to the element of required shape；
11) stabilizing annealing：The element of punching press is subjected to stabilizing annealing processing in the case where decomposing ammonia atmosphere, annealing temperature is 200-
500 DEG C, soaking time is 30-360 minutes, produces the thermal bimetal material.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Step 5) in, the temperature of the breaking down is 220-240 DEG C,
Reduction ratio is 93-95%.
8. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Step 6) in, the temperature of diffusion annealing is 810-830 DEG C.
9. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Step 7) in, the reduction ratio of finish rolling is 88-90%.
10. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Step 11) in, the temperature of stabilizing annealing is 230-250
DEG C, soaking time is 60-90 minutes.
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| CN110118611A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2019-08-13 | 美的集团股份有限公司 | Contact temperature-measuring sensor and preparation method thereof and cooking equipment |
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