CN107223063B - 用于引流导管的经颅紧固装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种用于引流导管(3)的经颅紧固装置(1),包括一个装有通道(P)的外部本体(5),该通道(P)装有引流导管(3)的阻挡装置(9)适于允许引流导管(3)沿着第一移动方向(M1)滑动通过通道(P),并且防止引流导管(3)沿着第二移动方向(M2)通过通道(P)。
Description
本发明涉及一种用于引流导管的经颅紧固装置。
众所周知,为了治疗特定的脑病变,例如硬膜下血肿、脑室炎或脑积水,需要通过皮肤和颅骨插入至少一个用于吸取和移除血液或脑脊髓液的引流管或导管,将其向收集罐发送。
因此,为了允许进行经颅通道并插入相关的引流管,通常需要进行神经手术操作,通过钻孔穿孔,颅骨及随后的硬脑膜的凝固和切口。
CN-A-202604860、DE-A-102005013720、CN-A-201389060、CN-A-201108493、US-A-6673022等公开了与这些操作相关的已知技术、方法和仪器的实例。
然而,在这样的已知技术中,不存在阻止已经植入的引流管从其自身的经颅通道意外移出的装置,不幸的是需要执行新的神经外科手术以重新插入,在患者身上具有相关的明显的问题。
此外,如上所述的已知解决方案通常不允许美学上可接受的闭合,因为经颅通道旁边的皮肤组织倾向于形成凹陷,并不罕见。
因此,本发明的目的是通过提供用于引流导管的经颅紧固装置来解决上述现有技术问题,以防止它们被无意地移出。
本发明的另一个目的是提供经颅紧固装置,其允许经颅通道的关闭、皮肤组织的愈合以及相对于现有技术系统提供较好的美观效果。
本发明的上述和其它目的和优点如下面的描述所示,是用权利要求1所述的装置获得的。本发明的优选实施例和非平凡变化是从属权利要求的主题。
其意图是所有附带的权利要求是本说明书的组成部分。
很明显,在不脱离所附权利要求书所示的本发明的范围的情况下,可以对所描述的进行许多变化和修改(例如与形状,尺寸,布置和具有等同功能的部件相关的)。
参照附图,作为非限制性示例提供的一些优选实施例将更好地描述本发明,其中:
图1示出了根据本发明的用于引流导管的经颅紧固装置的优选实施例的顶部透视图;
图2a示出了根据本发明的装置的第一操作位置的侧剖视图;
图2b示出了根据本发明的装置在其第二操作位置的侧剖视图;
图3示出了根据本发明的装置的变型。
参考附图,可以注意到,根据本发明的装置1,特别是针对至少一个引流导管3的经颅紧固包括:
至少一个适于插入经颅钻孔内的外部本体5,该外部本体5通过外部本体5自身装备有引流导管3的至少一个通道P。通道P配有引流导管3的阻挡装置9,适于允许引流导管3沿着第一移动方向M1(对应于引流导管3通过经颅钻孔从外部到颅骨内部的插入方向)的穿过通道P,并且防止引流导管3沿着第二移动方向M2(对应于引流导管3从颅骨内部通过经颅钻孔向外部的取出方向)通过相同的通道P滑动;至少一个启动装置7与阻挡装置9可操作地协作并且适于从第一操作位置(例如图2a所示的位置)通过,其优选地对应于其上的自发静止位置,在此位置阻挡装置9不允许引流导管3通过外部本体5的通道P沿着第二移动方向M2滑动到第二操作位置(例如图2b所示的位置),在第二操作位置阻挡装置9允许引流导管3通过外部本体5的通道P沿着第二移动方向M2滑动。
优选地,外部本体5可以配备有经颅钻孔的周边骨壁的紧固装置,以便加强根据本发明的装置1与孔本身的连接。
优选地,紧固装置包括布置在外部本体5的外表面上的至少一个底切轮廓11,这种底切轮廓11具有足够的弹性,以保证在经颅钻孔的周边骨壁的组织上的适当机械抓握。 显然,紧固装置可以以适合于此目的的任何其它方式制成,也包括使用胶合物质,而不脱离本发明的范围。
此外,为了避免根据本发明的装置1在钻孔内的过度插入,其可以包括至少一个径向布置在外部本体5周围的邻接轮廓13,以抵靠邻近钻孔本身的颅骨的外表面。
根据本发明,阻挡装置9包括围绕外部本体5的通道P径向布置的多个单向柔性翼15,并且适当地定向形成用于引流导管3通过的圆圈,大体上与通道P同轴,并且提供弯曲以有利于引流导管3沿着第一运动方向M1通过通道P和圆圈的滑动,并且不需要启动装置7的干预,启动装置7可以在它们的第一操作位置被自发地发现,被完全地停止在引流导管3的外表面上,以防止引流导管3沿着第二移动方向M2通过通道P本身滑动。
有利的是,作为单向柔性翼15,可操作地与阻挡装置9配合的启动装置7优选地由至少一个沿着方向M1-M2轴向滑入外部本体5的通道P的光标17组成,至少装备有一个与通道P同轴的通孔19与引流导管3交叉;光标17还配备有与单向柔性翼15协作的至少一个邻接部分21,使得当沿着第一移动方向M1指向的外力施加在光标17上时,后者从其第一操作位置(如图2a中所示的)到其第二操作位置(如图2b所示的位置),在此,邻接部分21与翼15的相互作用弹性地打开后者,随着由此限定通过的圆圈的扩大,允许引流导管3通过外部本体5的通道P,特别是沿第二移动方向M2通过光标17的通孔19。一旦外力的作用已经停止,作用在邻接部分21上的翼15的弹性将光标17收回到其第一操作位置:有利地,在第一操作位置,其也保持一次引流导管3被完全取出,光标17的外表面S'与外部本体5的外表面S“共面,并且可能与邻接轮廓13共面,使得根据本发明的装置1上的皮肤组织不形成不美观的凹陷。
优选地,外部本体5被制成适合于此目的的任何塑料材料中的外部衬套。此外,可以将任何相同的光标17作为适合于此目的的任何塑料材料的外部主体5的通道P的内部衬套。
根据上述内容,根据本发明的装置1然后也可能由于外部主体5的紧固装置的作用被插入并稳定地紧固在钻孔中。之后,驱动装置7优选地自发地处于其第一操作位置,阻挡装置9,特别是单向柔性翼15允许将引流导管3插入通道P,特别是通过光标17的通孔19,直到其最佳定位,但防止其提取,有利地避免了引流导管3本身的意外取出。相反,一旦需要主动地移除引流导管3,就可以在启动装置7上操作,例如通过从外部施加沿第一移动方向M1引导的力,该第一移动方向M1处于其第二操作位置作用于阻挡装置9,例如弹性地打开翼15的宽,以允许通过外部本体5的通道P从钻孔中提取引流导管3本身。
根据图3所示的变型,装置1由三个单独的部件制成:外部本体5设置有邻接轮廓13;装有柔性翼15的插入件30,其适于以压力插入外部本体5的内部,以便向外扩展邻接轮廓13以阻止外部本体5抵靠颅骨; 并且启动装置7适于允许将插入件30推入外部本体5内。
Claims (5)
1.用于至少一根引流导管(3)的经颅紧固装置(1),包含:
至少一个适于插入经颅钻孔内的外部本体(5),所述外部本体(5)设置有引流导管(3)的至少一个通道(P),所述通道(P)配有所述引流导管(3)的阻挡装置(9),适于允许引流导管(3)沿着第一移动方向(M1)穿过所述通道(P),并且防止引流导管(3)沿着第二移动方向(M2)通过所述通道(P)滑动;
至少一个启动装置(7)与所述阻挡装置(9)可操作地协作并且适于从第一操作位置通过,在第一操作位置所述阻挡装置(9)不允许所述引流导管(3)通过所述通道(P)沿着所述第二移动方向(M2)滑动到第二操作位置,在第二操作位置所述阻挡装置(9)允许所述引流导管(3)通过所述通道(P)沿着所述第二移动方向(M2)滑动;
其中所述装置(1)包括围绕所述外部本体(5)径向布置的至少一个邻接轮廓(13),以便抵靠邻近所述钻孔的颅骨的外表面,
其特征在于,所述阻挡装置(9)包括围绕所述外部本体(5)的所述通道(P)径向布置的多个单向柔性翼(15),并且适当地定向提供弯曲以有利于所述引流导管(3)沿着所述第一移动方向(M1)通过所述通道(P),并且在不处于其第一操作位置的所述启动装置(7)的干预下,将其停止在所述引流导管(3)的外表面上,以防止所述引流导管(3)沿着所述第二移动方向(M2)通过所述通道(P)滑动;
所述第一操作位置对应于所述启动装置(7)的自发静止位置;所述启动装置(7)由至少一个沿着M1-M2方向轴向滑入所述外部本体(5)的所述通道(P)的光标(17)组成,至少装备有一个与所述通道(P)同轴的通孔(19)与所述引流导管(3)交叉;所述光标(17)还配备有与所述单向柔性翼(15)协作的至少一个邻接部分(21),使得当沿着所述第一移动方向(M1)的外力施加到所述光标(17)上时,所述光标(17)从其第一操作位置到达其第二操作位置,在所述第二操作位置,所述邻接部分(21)与所述单向柔性翼(15)的相互作用将所述单向柔性翼(15)弹性地打开以允许所述引流导管(3)沿着所述第二移动方向(M2)滑过所述外部本体(5)的所述通道(P);一旦所述外力的作用已经停止,作用在所述邻接部分(21)上的所述翼(15)的弹性将所述光标(17)收回到其第一操作位置;
在所述第一操作位置,所述光标(17)的外表面S'与所述外部本体(5)的外表面(S”)共面。
2.根据前述权利要求的经颅紧固装置(1),其特征在于,所述外部本体(5)配备有所述经颅钻孔的周边骨壁的紧固装置。
3.根据权利要求2所述的经颅紧固装置(1),其特征在于,所述紧固装置包括布置在所述外部本体(5)的外表面上的至少一个底切轮廓(11)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的经颅紧固装置(1),其特征在于,所述外部本体(5)被制成为外部衬套,并且所述光标(17)被制成作为所述外部本体(5)的所述通道(P)的内部衬套。
5.用于至少一根引流导管(3)的经颅紧固装置(1),包含:
至少一个适于插入经颅钻钻孔内的外部本体(5),所述外部本体(5)设置有引流导管(3)的至少一个通道(P),所述通道(P)配有所述引流导管(3)的阻挡装置(9),适于允许引流导管(3)沿着第一移动方向(M1)穿过所述通道(P),并且防止引流导管(3)沿着第二移动方向(M2)通过所述通道(P)滑动;
至少一个启动装置(7)与所述阻挡装置(9)可操作地协作并且适于从第一操作位置通过,在此位置所述阻挡装置(9)不允许所述引流导管(3)通过所述通道(P)沿着所述第二移动方向(M2)滑动到第二操作位置,在第二操作位置所述阻挡装置(9)允许所述引流导管(3)通过所述通道(P)沿着所述第二移动方向(M2)滑动;
其中所述装置(1)包括围绕所述外部本体(5)径向布置的至少一个邻接轮廓(13),以便抵靠邻近所述钻孔的颅骨的外表面,
其特征在于所述阻挡装置(9)包括围绕所述外部本体(5)的所述通道(P)径向布置的多个单向柔性翼(15),并且适当地定向提供弯曲以有利于所述引流导管(3)沿着所述第一移动方向(M1)通过所述通道(P),并且在不处于其第一操作位置的所述启动装置(7)的干预下,将其停止在所述引流导管(3)的外表面上,以防止所述引流导管(3)沿着所述第二移动方向(M2)通过所述通道(P)滑动,
它还包括装备有所述柔性翼(15)的插入件(30),并且适于以压力插入在所述外部本体(5)内部,以便向外扩展所述邻接轮廓(13)以阻挡所述外部本体(5)抵靠所述颅骨,并且所述启动装置(7)适于允许将所述插入件(30)推入所述外部本体(5)内。
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PCT/IT2016/000001 WO2016132390A1 (en) | 2015-02-16 | 2016-01-07 | Transcranial fastening device for drainage catheters |
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