CN107222749B - A kind of chaos code constructing method for wireless video transmission - Google Patents
A kind of chaos code constructing method for wireless video transmission Download PDFInfo
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- CN107222749B CN107222749B CN201710474738.5A CN201710474738A CN107222749B CN 107222749 B CN107222749 B CN 107222749B CN 201710474738 A CN201710474738 A CN 201710474738A CN 107222749 B CN107222749 B CN 107222749B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/177—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being a group of pictures [GOP]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/60—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
- H04N19/625—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding using discrete cosine transform [DCT]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
- H04N21/2383—Channel coding or modulation of digital bit-stream, e.g. QPSK modulation
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of chaos code constructing methods for wireless video transmission, comprising the following steps: original video sequence S1, is divided into multiple GOP, finds out the DCT coefficient matrix of each GOP, the DCT coefficient matrix is converted to the first real number symbol sebolic addressing;S2, the first real number symbol sebolic addressing of step S1 is mapped as by the second real number symbol sebolic addressing by the chaotic maps function of design;S3, power distribution is carried out to the second real number symbol sebolic addressing that step S2 is obtained.Compared with prior art, the present invention makes full use of chaos system to the highly sensitive characteristic of original state and the feature of extended distance, simulation chaotically coding is applied in image/video transmission, has many advantages, such as to improve the robustness of transmission of video, enhances the reconstruction quality of transmission of video.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless video transmission fields, construct more particularly, to a kind of Constructing Chaotic Code for wireless video transmission
Method.
Background technique
Nowadays, with increasingly popularizing for mobile Internet and being widely used for intelligent terminal, web database technology presents quick-fried
Fried property increases, wherein especially being increased with image/video data most fast.The newest report of Cisco's visual web statistics is shown, from 2016
Mobile video will increase by 8.7 times, rank first in the growth rate of all mobile applications by 2021 in year.It is mobile by 2021
Video will account for the 78% of mobile data total flow.On the other hand, traditional image/video reliability of communication system is lower, wired network
The bandwidth time variation of network or the channel time variation of Radio Link make image/video transmission mosaic occur or even break, and cause
The bottleneck of system performance.In wireless video research field, there are the following problems: first is that mobility, such as user is hand-held
Mobile equipment, position are ceaselessly changing, thus its channel be also in variation, so the quality of channel be also
Do not stop variation;Second is that the broadcast for wireless video is transmitted, for different users in different places, channel also has diversity special
Property;Third is that popularizing with Video Applications, receiving end is from mobile phone to each one computer, their temporal resolution and spatial resolution
It is all different.Therefore, it is desirable to the quality that the transmission of video obtains, and can reach relatively good in certain range of channels quality
Video quality, at the same time, it is desirable to which the quality of video can support multiresolution, including temporal resolution and spatial resolution.
In digital display circuit, channel coding is used to the bit stream of protection compression, and Analogvideotransmission also has similar want
It asks.In Analogvideotransmission, without quantization and entropy coding, transmission be real value transformation coefficient, therefore it is traditional limited
Domain channel coding is no longer applicable in.Coding in analog image transmission of video is real coding, we mainly study therein one
Kind chaotically coding.
Early in the beginning of the eighties in last century, Wolf and Marshall have just respectively proposed related analog error correction coding
Concept.It is named as real coding in the research work of Marshall, is known as simulating by it in the research of Wolf and compile
Code.Similar to the basic principle of digital error correction, the good analog encoding of a performance should effectively amplify Europe by extended distance
Family name's distance.Chen and Wornell discovery, chaos dynamical system have the characteristics that this is excellent.It iteratively calls chaos
Function generates signal sequence.Chaotic function is characterized in that their rapid divergence, i.e. buterfly effect.The effect means
Even the very small difference in initial input will also lead to visibly different signal sequence quickly.From the angle of extended distance
From the point of view of, this shows the point even if a pair of of short distance in information source space, and the sequence after coding will generate very big distance.Cause
They propose first simulation chaotically coding for this, this code Design is directly using non-linear and real value chaos Tent map
As channel coding.Simulation chaotically coding also is used to directly encode the pixel of image by Liu, since pixel exists largely
Room and time redundancy, therefore efficiency is very low, this does not meet the true scene of image/video transmission.The above simulation
Chaotically coding is all based on input information source obedience and is uniformly distributed and designs, however this hypothesis is not particularly suited for image and view
Frequently.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide one kind to be used for wireless video
The chaos code constructing method of transmission.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of chaos code constructing method for wireless video transmission, comprising the following steps:
S1, original video sequence is divided into multiple GOP, finds out the DCT coefficient matrix of each GOP, by the DCT coefficient
Matrix conversion is the first real number symbol sebolic addressing s;
S2, the first real number symbol sebolic addressing s described in step S1 is mapped as by the second real number by the chaotic maps function of design
Symbol sebolic addressing, the formula of the chaotic maps function are as follows:
S3, power distribution is carried out to the second real number symbol sebolic addressing that step S2 is obtained.
The process for the DCT coefficient matrix for finding out each GOP in the step S1 specifically includes: to each GOP points of division
Not carry out 3 dimension dct transforms, obtain DCT coefficient matrix SL×W×G, wherein L is the height of the every frame image of video sequence, and W is video
The width of the every frame image of sequence, G are the frame numbers of video sequence in a GOP.
The DCT coefficient matrix is converted to the first real number symbol sebolic addressing in the step S1 to specifically include: by DCT coefficient
Matrix SL×W×GIn element by row successively take out, then successively connect be arranged as uniline the first real number symbol sebolic addressing s=s [i],
I=0,1 ..., L × W × G-1 }.
The second real number symbol sebolic addressing x=that the step S2 is obtained x (i), i=0,1 ..., and L × W × G × n-1 } table
Show, the length is m × n, wherein m=L × W × G, n are bandwidth expansion factor.
The step S3 is specifically included:
S31, the second real number symbol sebolic addressing is recompiled, is converted into two-dimensional real number matrix
Xchunk_num×chunk_size, wherein chunk_num indicates the block number in a GOP, and chunk_size indicates block interior element
Number;
S32, p is usedjJ-th piece of power, p are distributed in expressionjCalculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, gjIndicate j-th piece of power-scaling factors, λjJ-th piece of variance before indicating analog encoding,'s
Calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, P indicates general power, λjJ-th piece of the variance of ' expression by extension after analog encoding, j=0,
1,…,chunk_num-1。
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages that
1, compared with traditional wireless video digit transmission method, the present invention makes full use of adaptive in analog encoding modulation
Ying Xing introduces the chaotic function based on analog encoding in pseudo-analog transmission SoftCast, can fight the letter in wireless transmission
The robustness of road noise and improve data transfer enhances the reconstruction quality of transmission of video while improving power utilization.
2, it is encoded for the analog channel of real value input, it, will be based on simulation using transformed DCT coefficient as input information source
The chaotic function of coding is used for DCT symbol, and some predefined chaotic maps functions is iteratively called to generate signal sequence
Column utilize chaos because a pair of of small distance point in information source space will generate very big range difference in space encoder
The analog signal with robustness can be generated in the feature of the extended distance of dynamical system.
3, the chaotic maps function proposed is for being able to maintain linear relationship from the small signal to medium value, and big signal is reflecting
Penetrating under the nonlinear characteristic of function will be folded back, and for the input signal of class Gauss, the output of coding still keeps similar substantially
Statistical property reduces power punishment, and compared with input power, output power is increased slightly.
4, the present invention solves the problems, such as to punish in chaos analog encoding scheme for the class Gaussian source power of natural image,
There can be very strong practicability suitable for the transmission of video images technology of Gaussian Profile.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the DCT coefficient of original video sequence utilizes transmission schematic diagram of the method for the present invention under Gaussian channel;
Fig. 2 is the functional image of traditional Tent map chaotically coding;
Fig. 3 is the functional image of traditional Mod map chaotically coding;
Fig. 4 is the image of chaotic maps function proposed by the invention;
Fig. 5 is the MSE performance schematic diagram for being uniformly distributed information source under three chaotic maps functions;
Fig. 6 is MSE performance schematic diagram of the DCT coefficient of natural image under three chaotic maps functions.
It is marked in figure: 1, chaotic encoder, 2, power distribution, 3, LLSE decoder, 4, chaos decoder.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.The present embodiment is with technical solution of the present invention
Premised on implemented, the detailed implementation method and specific operation process are given, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
Following embodiments.
In order to which analog encoding to be applied in image/video transmission, a kind of Constructing Chaotic Code structure for wireless video transmission is proposed
Method is made, a kind of chaotic maps function for generalized Gaussian distribution or the information source of laplacian distribution is specifically constructed, it is intended to
Using this chaotic maps function, realize for keeping linear relationship from small to the signal of medium value, and big signal is in mapping letter
It will be folded back under several nonlinear characteristics.Therefore, for the input signal of class Gauss, the output of coding still keeps similar substantially
Statistical property;Compared with input power, output power is increased slightly.The statistics that the chaotic maps function considers signal source is special
The mutual equilibrium relation of power between property, the error correcting capability of mapping function, original signal and checking symbol.What is proposed is used for nothing
The chaos code constructing method of line transmission of video, comprising the following steps:
S1, class Gaussian Profile information source is established:
S11, original video sequence is divided into multiple GOP;
S12, the DCT coefficient matrix for seeking each GOP: 3 dimension dct transforms are carried out to each GOP of division respectively, obtain DCT
Coefficient matrix SL×W×G, wherein L is the height of the every frame image of video sequence, and W is the width of the every frame image of video sequence, and G is one
The frame number of video sequence in a GOP;
S13, DCT coefficient matrix is converted to the first real number symbol sebolic addressing: by DCT coefficient matrix SL×W×GIn element press
Row successively takes out, then successively connects and be arranged as the first real number symbol sebolic addressing s={ s [i], i=0,1 ..., L × W × G- of uniline
1}。
S2, the first real number symbol sebolic addressing s of step S1 is mapped as by the second real number symbol by the chaotic maps function of design
Number sequence, the formula of chaotic maps function are as follows:
Functional image is as shown in figure 4, the second obtained real number symbol sebolic addressing x={ x (i), i=0,1 ..., L × W × G
× n-1 } it indicates, the length is m × n, wherein m=L × W × G, n are bandwidth expansion factor, and corresponding code rate is 1/n;
S3, power distribution is carried out to the second real number symbol sebolic addressing that step S2 is obtained:
S31, the second real number symbol sebolic addressing is recompiled, is converted into two-dimensional real number matrix Xchunk_num×chunk_size,
In, chunk_num indicates the block number in a GOP, and chunk_size indicates block interior element number, this also means that, matrix
Xchunk_num×chunk_sizeIn every row indicate that the block assembly of combination proximity space DCT and they all parity check symbols exist
Together, identical power-scaling factors are shared in each chunking;
S32, p is usedjJ-th piece of correspondence power, p are distributed in expressionjCalculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, gjThe power-scaling factors for indicating j-th piece, are for minimizing mean square error under power-limited condition
Estimation, λjJ-th piece of variance before expression analog encoding,Calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, P indicates general power, λj' indicate j-th piece of the variance extended after having done analog encoding, it is based on this
The DCT component of a block and their encoded parity symbols in this block calculate, j=0,1 ..., chunk_num-1.
Fig. 1 show transmission schematic diagram of the DCT coefficient of original video sequence of the present invention under Gaussian channel, DCT coefficient
Matrix carries out power distribution 2 after the coding of chaotic encoder 1, and receiving end received signal attached additive white Gaussian noise
(AWGN), after linear minimum mean square estimation LLSE decoder 3, original video sequence is obtained using the decoding of chaos decoder 4
Column.The correctness and validity of the chaotic maps function of construction are verified below, (MSE) is estimated with mean square error to evaluate
System performance.
Received symbol stream is indicated with z={ z [i], i=0,1 ..., m × n-1 }, its calculation formula is:
Z [i]=gi×x[i]+w′[i]
Wherein, i=0,1 ..., m × n-1,W [i] is that mean value is 0 and varianceChannel make an uproar
Sound.
Receiving end signal obtains y [i] after LLSE is decoded, and can be rewritten in the form of scalar are as follows:
It can be indicated in the MSE that receiving end is finished after LLSE decoding are as follows:
Wherein,Indicate the variance of interchannel noise.
By the chaotic maps function of proposition and current state-of-the-art two chaotic maps function Tent map and Mod map letter
Number compares, and functional image difference is as shown in Figures 2 and 3.For the sake of justice, the analog encoding of all three mapping functions is set
Symbol mean power having the same, and compare the MSE after their map decodings.Since the performance of chaotic maps function is to input
The probability distribution of information source is quite sensitive, thus assessment be uniformly distributed with both information sources of the DCT coefficient of natural image, they
MSE performance difference is as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, wherein each figure compares the chaotic maps function Tent (Tent that encoding rate is 1/2
Half), chaotic maps function Mod (Mod Half), the chaotic maps function (Proposed Half) of proposition and encoding rate are 1/
3 chaotic maps function Tent (Tent Third), chaotic maps function Mod (Mod Third), the chaotic maps function proposed
The performance of (Proposed Third).
Fig. 5 show the MSE performance for being uniformly distributed information source under three chaotic maps functions.Since gain is mainly by dividing
The slope of section linear function obtains, therefore the overall performance of all three chaotic maps functions is close.In high s/n ratio, 1/3
The analog encoding of code rate is better than 1/2 code rate analog encoding, but they are similar in low signal-to-noise ratio.
Fig. 6 is MSE performance of the DCT coefficient of natural image under three chaotic maps functions, no matter in 1/3 code rate or
The MSE performance of the analog encoding of 1/2 code rate, the chaotic maps function that the application proposes will be better than other two chaotic maps letters
Number.
The mean power of s and x uses Ps and P respectivelyxIt indicates, uses Ps/PxIndicate power penalty coefficient, PsCalculating with Px is public
Formula is respectively as follows:
Power penalty coefficient Ps/PxIt is not only related with chaotic maps function, it is also related with the distribution of analog signal.Assessment
When the power punishment for four chaotic maps functions that Tent map, Mod map, Baker ' s map and the application propose, use respectively
The information sources of three kinds of different distributions, as shown in table 1.For equally distributed source, all four chaotic functions are all no power
Punishment.For the information source of Gaussian Profile, the chaotic maps function that the application proposes has the power of 3.6dB to punish, and other three
Mapping function produces the power punishment of 5.5~8.5dB respectively.The information source of GGD or laplacian distribution, i.e., " DCT system in table
The difference then highly significant of number ", the mapping function proposed only only have the power punishment of 1dB, and other three mapping functions
The power punishment greater than 40dB can then be generated.
The power penalty coefficient of the different chaotic maps functions of table 1
Chaotic function | It is uniformly distributed | Gaussian Profile | DCT coefficient |
Tent map | 0.0 | 5.5 | 42 |
Mod map | 0.0 | 8.5 | 45 |
Baker’s map | 0.0 | 5.5 | 42 |
Proposed map | 0.0 | 3.6 | 1 |
Known to the application compared to other methods validity and superiority, no matter in high s/n ratio or low
Under the conditions of signal-to-noise ratio, with the application chaos code constructing method, the signal MSE mass of receiving end is all higher than other two kinds of chaos letters
Number Tent map and Mod map.Meanwhile using the Wireless video transmission method based on analog encoding, conventional wireless view is overcome
The cliff effect in defeated is kept pouring in, is realized when video transmits in wireless channel as variations can reach continuous
Picture quality decaying, while the video of receiving end can also reach the reconstruction of high quality.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of chaos code constructing method for wireless video transmission, which comprises the following steps:
S1, original video sequence is divided into multiple GOP, finds out the DCT coefficient matrix of each GOP, by the DCT coefficient matrix
Be converted to the first real number symbol sebolic addressing s;
S2, the first real number symbol sebolic addressing s described in step S1 is mapped as by the second real number symbol by the chaotic maps function of design
Sequence, the formula of the chaotic maps function are as follows:
Obtained the second real number symbol sebolic addressing x={ x (i), i=0,1 ..., L × W × G × n-1 } indicates, the length is m ×
N, wherein m=L × W × G, n are bandwidth expansion factor;
S3, power distribution is carried out to the second real number symbol sebolic addressing that step S2 is obtained;
The process for the DCT coefficient matrix for finding out each GOP in the step S1 specifically includes: to each GOP of division respectively into
Row 3 ties up dct transform, obtains DCT coefficient matrix SL×W×G, wherein L is the height of the every frame image of video sequence, and W is video sequence
The width of every frame image, G are the frame numbers of video sequence in a GOP;
The DCT coefficient matrix is converted to the first real number symbol sebolic addressing in the step S1 to specifically include: by DCT coefficient matrix
SL×W×GIn element successively taken out by row, then successively connect and be arranged as the first real number symbol sebolic addressing s={ s [i], i=of uniline
0,1,…,L×W×G-1};
The step S3 is specifically included:
S31, the second real number symbol sebolic addressing is recompiled, is converted into two-dimensional real number matrix Xchunk_num×chunk_size,
In, chunk_num indicates the block number in a GOP, and chunk_size indicates block interior element number;
S32, p is usedjJ-th piece of power, p are distributed in expressionjCalculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, gjIndicate j-th piece of power-scaling factors, λjJ-th piece of variance before indicating analog encoding;
In the step S32Calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, P indicates general power, λ 'jJ-th piece of variance of the expression by extension after analog encoding, j=0,1 ...,
chunk_num-1。
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