CN1072215A - Dotted graphite cast iron and method for producing same - Google Patents
Dotted graphite cast iron and method for producing same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1072215A CN1072215A CN 91106839 CN91106839A CN1072215A CN 1072215 A CN1072215 A CN 1072215A CN 91106839 CN91106839 CN 91106839 CN 91106839 A CN91106839 A CN 91106839A CN 1072215 A CN1072215 A CN 1072215A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cast iron
- iron
- graphite cast
- graphite
- ferrosilicon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001296 Malleable iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010027146 Melanoderma Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002680 magnesium Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001037 White iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010018325 Congenital glaucomas Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010012565 Developmental glaucoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000007157 Hydrophthalmos Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000227425 Pieris rapae crucivora Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000001024 buphthalmos Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005088 metallography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a punctiform graphite cast iron and a manufacturing method thereof. The method is characterized in that the content of C, Si and Mn in the molten iron is controlled within a certain range, and the molten iron is inoculated in front of a furnace and added with some special alterants to obtain the product. Its advantages are no need of Mg or Mg alloy as nodulizer, low requirement to raw iron, simple treating method before furnace, no smoke, fire and light pollution, stable nodulizing effect, high finished product rate, no black spots and graphite floating in cast iron, no degradation of central nodulizing in large-section casting, less or no casting heads, less or no annealing period, less or no waste products after annealing and low cost.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of novel iron-carbon alloy-spotted graphite cast iron (hereinafter to be referred as a black cast iron) and manufacture method thereof.
At present both at home and abroad, in " cast iron metallurgy ", " cast iron metallography ", still do not have a little black cast iron, close with it have spheroidal graphite cast iron, and spheroidal graphite cast iron mainly is to make nodulizing agent by magnesium or magnesium class alloy, and most carbon is existed with the form of globular graphite.Though spheroidal graphite cast iron widespread use since coming out also exists following deficiency: the one, make nodulizing agent with the magnesium or the magnesium class alloy of costliness.The 2nd, select high duty pig iron for use, particularly to select low-phosphorous, low-sulfur pig iron for use.The 3rd, be subjected to the influence of sulphur content and treatment process, nodularization effect instability.The 4th, it is poor that labor condition is handled in the stokehold.The 5th, the blackspot phenomenon in the cast iron easily produces and is unresolved so far.The 6th, easily fail in the foundry goods center nodularization of big section.The 7th, the production cost height.
The object of the present invention is to provide the whole or most novel iron-carbon alloy-black cast iron that exist with the form of point graphite of carbon in a kind of cast iron.
The present invention is done in such a way that its mechanism is the graphite form difference in the cast iron, cast iron matrix is caused the cutting action of stress has evident difference, thereby makes the mechanical property of cast iron that very big difference take place.Arrive the present, people seek to improve the direction of scientific rersearch of iron machine performance, at first start with from changing its graphite form from ancient times.As the graphite form in the grey cast iron is sheet, graphite form in the vermicular cast iron is a vermiform, graphite form in the malleable iron is cotton-shaped, graphite form in the spheroidal graphite cast iron is spherical, graphite form of the present invention then is point-like, it is spied under electron microscope is coccoid, and the point graphite amount reaches 700～800/millimeter under as-cast condition
2So the eutectic cell refinement, be that perlite or ferrite are put black cast iron all than the macrofracture and the obvious refinement of microtexture of general spheroidal graphite cast iron and malleable iron, thereby outstanding behaviours the mechanical property of the black cast iron of this point be high strength, high tenacity.And in composition prescription as adopt another kind of treatment process, can obtain a special superior antiwear quality material-black antifriction cast iron again, its macrostructure is superfine and fine and close white cast iron, cementite is equally distributed suspension or rolls into a ball spherical in the microtexture, simultaneously on the skeleton of cementite, separate out point graphite and add the buphthalmos columnar ferrite, make in the hypoeutectic white iron, hard and crisp cementite network is changed into hard and is rich in the high-intensity white pig iron of flexible.Therefore the abrasion resistance of the black antifriction cast iron of this point is good, can compare favourably with high-chromium alloy, and enough intensity and impelling strength are arranged, and this just fundamentally is different from general not only hard but also crisp common white pig iron.The acquisition of point graphite then is by the C in the control molten iron in the cast iron, Si, and alterant that the content of Mn and stokehold adding are special and nucleating agent are finished.Concrete grammar is: at low-carbon (LC), the hot metal containing low silicon that cupola furnace melted, generally be controlled at C, 2.7～3.5%; Si, 1.4～1.8% and Mn, between 0.4～0.8%, as for the content requirement of P and S, needn't be strict as producing spheroidal graphite cast iron, can be loosened between 0.2～0.25%, the rotten special alterant that is added in stokehold has ferrosilicon (75%), rare earth ferrosilicon and silicocalcium etc., its add-on is by the heavy percentage ratio of molten iron, specifically: ferrosilicon (75), 0.3～0.5%, rare earth ferrosilicon, 0.3～0.6%, silicocalcium, 0.3～0.6%.In the special alterant that the stokehold adds, the Bi or the Caocl of trace arranged still in addition
2, its add-on is respectively about 1 ‰ of weight of molten iron, as for nucleating agent and inoculation method thereof, then is to be 75% to carry out instant inoculation and handle with ferrosilicon, and its add-on is 0.4～0.8%.By finishing the present invention after the aforesaid method processing.The black cast iron of point that it is finished, can obtain following series at present: (one) obtains the black cast iron of point of different matrix down from as-cast condition, it is the same with spheroidal graphite cast iron, can carry out the thermal treatment of various requirement equally, thereby the spheroidal graphite cast iron of all kinds of different matrix is suitable in its mechanical property and the national standard, exceeds even.In the melting treatment process, when sulphur content exceed the spheroidal graphite cast iron requirement more than one times the time, still guarantee to separate out point graphite, do not have the phenomenon of abnormal nodularizing.The decline of the black cast iron of point is poured into a mould than spheroidal graphite cast iron prolongation 10～15 minutes from handling to, and as having found decline, can also select black alterant with trace and carry out the additional temporarily correction that obtains.Because separating out of a large amount of point graphites can be reduced and be solidified shrinkage porosite, being implemented in does not simultaneously have graphite morphology in the large section casting parts.Because no magnesium alloy is rotten, put inherent blackspot and the carbon floatage appearance in the spheroidal graphite cast iron never again of black cast iron.(2) put black malleable iron, it be in aforesaid method with the C in the molten iron after the cupola melting, Si, the content of Mn amount eventually are controlled at C, 2.5～2.8%, Si, 1.0～1.6% and Mn, between 0.4～0.6, and through with above-mentioned same breed and add obtain under the condition of same special alterant, the black malleable iron of this point has been broken through the forbidden zone of general malleable iron, and promptly as cast condition must be complete chill, and casting section thickness is less than 50 millimeters etc.Because the core of point graphite is many, carbon atom diffusion length shortens, and the graphitizing annealing temperature can descend 100～150 ℃, and the annealing cycle descends more than one times relatively, and mechanical property can very stably realize superelevation trade mark б
b400～450 Ns/millimeter
2, δ 15～20%, and the foundry goods after the annealing does not have burning in conventional production the, greying deficiency, distortion or the like waste product.In casting technique, owing to there is point graphite to separate out, its casting section thickness can be greater than more than 50 millimeters simultaneously, volumetric shrinkage and linear shrinkage descend, and with the routine ratio, can diminish with big riser feeding person originally, with little rising head person can, the foundry goods thermal center does not partly have defect, thereby has improved yield rate.(3) put black antifriction cast iron, it is with the C in the molten iron after the cupola melting in aforesaid method, Si, Mn content amount eventually is controlled at C, 2.2～2.5%, Si, 1.0～1.4% and Mn, 0.8 between～1.2%, and through with above-mentioned in the iron-carbon alloy of hypoeutectic composition, breed equally and add obtain under the condition of same special alterant.Its macrofracture is steely, and cementite is a ball and suspension shape uniform distribution in the metallographic structure.Its mechanical property generally can reach б
Bb600～800 Ns/millimeter
2, α
k0.5～1.0, HR
c40～50.As with this material as abrading-ball, in long-term operation, not only wear away low, and circle is not evenly lost in wearing and tearing all the time, and on casting technique, regardless of different kinds of ball all without rising head, yield rate is high, the center of ball does not have any shrinkage defect, and this is because the separate out expansion and the control teeming temperature that produce graphite of point graphite are obtaining below 1360 ℃.
Advantage of the present invention is to make nodulizing agent without magnesium and magnesium class alloy, composition requirement to the pig iron is not strict, and the stokehold treatment process is simple, public hazards such as no flue gas, flame, the nodularization effect is very stable, thereby the yield rate height, no blackspot and carbon floatage phenomenon in the cast iron are difficult for decline in the nodularization of the center of large section casting parts, few, the little or nothing of dead head in the foundry goods, annealing cycle reduces, the few or nothing of the waste product after the degeneration, and production cost is low.
With the black cast iron of the produced point of the present invention, under the covert condition of technology, the production practice by number factories proves not only and can realize the present invention fully in recent years, have been applied to simultaneously produce, so have no longer enumerated a plurality of embodiment here.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of spotted graphite cast iron and manufacture method thereof, it is the novel material of showing one's talent on the basis of spheroidal graphite cast iron, it is characterized in that:
A, the following column element in the molten iron after cupola melting should be controlled at c, and 2.7～3.5%, Si, 1.4～1.8% and Mn, between 0.4～0.8,
B, the rotten special alterant that is added in stokehold have ferrosilicon (75%), rare earth ferrosilicon and silicocalcium, its add-on is by the percentage ratio of iron water amount, specifically: ferrosilicon (75%), 0.3～0.5%, rare earth ferrosilicon, 0.3～0.6%, silicocalcium, 0.3～0.6%, also have micro-B1 or Caocl in addition
2, its add-on is respectively about 1 ‰ of weight of molten iron,
C, instant inoculation: ferrosilicon is 75%, add-on 0.4～0.8%.
2, a kind of spotted graphite cast iron according to claim 1 and manufacture method thereof, it is characterized in that having in addition a kind of black malleable iron, the alterant that it adds except the stokehold is with instant inoculation is identical, C in the molten iron after the fusing, the content of Si and Mn amount eventually then is controlled at c, 2.5～2.8%, Si, 1.0～1.6% and Mn, between 0.4～0.6.
3, a kind of spotted graphite cast iron according to claim 1 and manufacture method thereof, it is characterized in that also having a kind of black antifriction cast iron, the alterant that it adds except the stokehold is with instant inoculation is identical, C in the molten iron after the fusing, the content of Si and Mn amount eventually then is controlled at C, 2.2～2.5%, Si, 1.0～1.4% and Mn, between 0.8～1.2%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91106839 CN1072215A (en) | 1991-11-09 | 1991-11-09 | Dotted graphite cast iron and method for producing same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91106839 CN1072215A (en) | 1991-11-09 | 1991-11-09 | Dotted graphite cast iron and method for producing same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1072215A true CN1072215A (en) | 1993-05-19 |
Family
ID=4908217
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91106839 Pending CN1072215A (en) | 1991-11-09 | 1991-11-09 | Dotted graphite cast iron and method for producing same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1072215A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1293218C (en) * | 2003-12-05 | 2007-01-03 | 肖治平 | Dot graphite cast iron and its production method |
| WO2007014516A1 (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2007-02-08 | Zhiping Xiao | A modified steel and its manufacture process |
| CN100410408C (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2008-08-13 | 肖治平 | Alterant |
| CN103484591A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2014-01-01 | 山西荣汇通铸造行业技术中心有限公司 | Inoculation method for improving tensile strength of gray iron |
-
1991
- 1991-11-09 CN CN 91106839 patent/CN1072215A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1293218C (en) * | 2003-12-05 | 2007-01-03 | 肖治平 | Dot graphite cast iron and its production method |
| WO2007014516A1 (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2007-02-08 | Zhiping Xiao | A modified steel and its manufacture process |
| CN100410408C (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2008-08-13 | 肖治平 | Alterant |
| CN100424211C (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2008-10-08 | 肖治平 | Modified steel and its production method |
| CN103484591A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2014-01-01 | 山西荣汇通铸造行业技术中心有限公司 | Inoculation method for improving tensile strength of gray iron |
| CN103484591B (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2016-12-28 | 山西荣汇通铸造行业技术中心有限公司 | A kind of inoculation method improving gray iron tensile strength |
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