CN107219575A - A kind of low-loss cylinder mixing phasmon waveguide of compact - Google Patents
A kind of low-loss cylinder mixing phasmon waveguide of compact Download PDFInfo
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- CN107219575A CN107219575A CN201710599580.4A CN201710599580A CN107219575A CN 107219575 A CN107219575 A CN 107219575A CN 201710599580 A CN201710599580 A CN 201710599580A CN 107219575 A CN107219575 A CN 107219575A
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Abstract
It is three layers of coaxial cylindrical structure being successively made up of from inside to outside three kinds of materials the invention discloses a kind of cylinder mixing phasmon waveguide, its cross section includes high refractive index medium, low refractive index dielectric and noble metal from inside to outside.Light field can be limited in the low refractive index dielectric region in intermediate layer by the waveguiding structure, the presence in high refractive index medium region simultaneously, whole waveguiding structure has high field limitation capability to transmission light field, the scope of optical field distribution can further be reduced, and relatively low transmission loss can be kept, in addition overall structure it is still compact it is small in the case of, realize over long distances transmission characteristic.The cylinder hybrid wave guide structure of the present invention overcomes contradiction of the existing surface phasmon fiber waveguide between light field limitation capability and transmission loss, VHD integrated optical circuit is can be applied to, for that can realize that superelevation integrated level provides possibility in integrated photonic device field.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of to be used for the high localization of light beam and low-loss cylindrical mixed the invention belongs to integreted phontonics field
Close phasmon waveguide.
Background technology
Surface phasmon (SPP) refers to that the free oscillation electronics on metal surface is produced along gold with photon interaction
The field that dies of declining for the transverse magnetic state that category-dielectric surface is propagated.SPP field distribution is maximum on metal-dielectric interface, along
The normal direction at interface exponentially decays in metal and medium.Traditional media plate waveguide is because of nothing limited by diffraction limit
Light field is effectively limited in less region by method.And light field effectively can be limited in sub-wavelength by surface plasmon waveguide
In the range of yardstick, and its unique Localized field enhancement effect, it will be played a significant role in nanophotonics field.It is this miniature
The realization of change so that SPP wave energy is enough in the photonic device for making micro/nano-scale magnitude, and contributes to the height of integrated optoelectronic device
Degree miniaturization.
Nearly ten years, especially in integreted phontonics field, people have proposed numerous light field can be limited in into nanometer in succession
The SP waveguiding structures of yardstick, such as dielectric-metal-Medium Wave Guide structure, metal-dielectric-metal waveguiding structure, metal crack structure, V
Slot wave guide structure etc..However, these SP waveguides are because containing the metal material that dielectric constant is negative, therefore transmitting procedure in structure
Middle loss is very big, causes the transmission of light relatively short.Wherein metal-dielectric-metal type fiber waveguide has very strong mould field limitation
Ability, but transmission loss is too big, causes it can not realize over long distances and transmits.On the other hand, dielectric-metal-medium fiber waveguide
Transmission loss is relatively low, but poor mould field limitation capability constrains its application in high integration light path.
For the contradiction between the mould field limitation capability and transmission loss of conventional surface phasmon fiber waveguide, 2007,
Alam of University of Toronto et al. proposes mixing phasmon waveguide for the first time, and low refraction is followed successively by metal plate
Rate dielectric material and high refractive index medium material, are around air cladding layer.When light enters structure from left vertical, light field is by very
Good is limited in low refractive index dielectric layer.Because the mould in SP patterns and Medium Wave Guide that metal and medium interface are propagated
Formula, which intercouples, generates a kind of stronger pattern, and it has stronger effect of contraction to light field.Although loss is larger, propagate
Distance is greatly increased.The Zhang Xiang research groups of University of California Berkeley propose a kind of mixed type surface phasmon light wave
Lead, their research finds one high refractive index medium layer of neighbouring addition in low refractive index dielectric and metal surface, can be by light
Field is tied in the low refractive index dielectric slit between high refractive index medium layer and metal interface and transmitted, while keeping relatively low biography
Broadcast loss.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to improve the characteristic of conventional hybrid type phasmon waveguide, is proposed a kind of with high field limitation energy
Power and the cylinder mixing phasmon waveguiding structure of low transmission loss.
In order to realize the purpose of high field limitation capability and low transmission loss, the present invention uses following technical scheme：It is a kind of tight
The low-loss cylinder mixing phasmon waveguide of the type that gathers, the mixing phasmon waveguide is by interior by tri- kinds of materials of A, B and C
The three layers of coaxial cylindrical structure outwards successively constituted.
Further, high refractive index medium, low refractive index dielectric and metal, sandwich layer half is respectively adopted in tri- kinds of materials of A, B and C
Footpath is r1, low refractive index dielectric layer outer radius is r2, metal level outer radius is r3。
Further, high refractive index medium and low refractive index dielectric are respectively Si and SiO2, wherein Si refractive index is
3.445, SiO2Refractive index be 1.46.
Further, metal is gold, silver, aluminium or copper.
Further, the size of waveguiding structure and operation wavelength λ are same magnitude, but less than operation wavelength.
Further, high refractive index medium region r1For 0.07~0.16 times of operation wavelength.
Further, low refractive index dielectric region r2-r1For 0.008~0.1 times of operation wavelength wavelength.
The corresponding core radius of cylinder hybrid wave guide structure is r1, metal level inside radius is r2, metal level outer radius is
r3, wherein the width of the low refractive index dielectric part between high refractive index medium and noble metal is r2-r1.Corresponding height
Index medium, low refractive index dielectric and noble metal are respectively Si, SiO2With metal, metal is gold, silver, aluminium or copper.Certain
Service band, when light is vertically into structure, light field is limited in low refractive index dielectric SiO well2In layer.Because
Pattern in SP patterns and Medium Wave Guide that metal and medium interface are propagated, which intercouples, generates a kind of stronger pattern, and its is right
Light field has stronger effect of contraction, while in the case where structure is still compact, the characteristic with the long propagation distance of low-loss.
The pattern effective refractive index n of cylinder mixing phasmon waveguideeffDirectly asked by the pattern analysis of FInite Element
Go out.By the COMSOL Multiphysics based on finite element algorithm, the pattern analysis in radio frequency (RF) module and frequency are used
Analysis, obtains a series of mode characteristic and transmission characteristic in cylinder mixing phasmon waveguiding structure.
Due to the structure of column symmetry, the polarization mode of support is more, either linearly polarized light or radial polarisation light.
The material of metal level in cylinder hybrid wave guide structure, according to operation wavelength, selection can produce surface phasmon
Metal material, such as gold, silver, aluminium, copper, with reference to high refractive index medium and low refractive index dielectric layer carry out design of Structural Parameters,
The optical field distribution scope of the waveguiding structure can be significantly reduced, the strong constraint to transmission light field is realized, while remaining to keep relatively low
Transmission loss.
The cylinder mixing phasmon of the present invention has advantages below：
(1) present invention cylinder mixing phasmon waveguiding structure is simply easily designed, and material obtains easy, is prepared easily real
It is existing.
(2) present invention cylinder mixing phasmon waveguide can be realized is provided simultaneously with to linearly polarized light and radial polarisation light
Stronger light field limitation capability, breaches the polarization state limitation of prior art.
(3) present invention is kept relatively low transmission loss, made by the appropriate selection and the reasonable design of physical dimension of material
Propagation distance is greatly enhanced.
(4) present invention cylinder mixing phasmon waveguiding structure is compact, therefore is easy to integreted phontonics, can be applied to superelevation
Density integrated optical circuit, is easily applied in the chip of light waveguide of high integration.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is embodiment cylinder mixing phasmon waveguiding structure schematic cross-section.
Fig. 2 is embodiment 633nm wavelength radial polarisation waveguide modes | Er| distribution map.
Fig. 3 is embodiment 633nm wavelength radial polarisation waveguide modes | Er| along waveguide sections diameter distribution curve.
Fig. 4 is embodiment 633nm wavelength radial polarisation waveguide mode polarisation distributions, and arrow indicates radial polarisation state.
Fig. 5 is that embodiment is 633nm wavelength mode effective refractive index real parts neff_rWith high refractive index medium core radius r1
Variation relation.
Fig. 6 is that embodiment is 633nm wavelength mode effective refractive index imaginary parts neff_iWith high refractive index medium core radius r1
Variation relation.
Fig. 7 is that embodiment cylinder mixing phasmon waveguide a and cylindrical metal-Medium Wave Guide b patterns are effectively reflected
Rate imaginary part neff_iComparison diagram.
Embodiment
The present invention is elaborated with reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present embodiment using technical solution of the present invention before
Put and implemented, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to down
The embodiment stated.
As shown in figure 1, the present embodiment is the three layers of concentric circles of one kind being successively made up of from inside to outside three kinds of materials As, B and C
Cylindricality mixes phasmon waveguide, and its structure is high refractive index medium, low refractive index dielectric and metal, correspondence respectively from inside to outside
Core radius be r1, metal level inside radius is r2, metal level outer radius is r3, wherein positioned at high refractive index medium and noble metal
Between low refractive index dielectric partial width be r2-r1。
High refractive index medium, low refractive index dielectric and noble metal in the present embodiment are Si, SiO2With Ag, wherein Si folding
It is 3.445, SiO to penetrate rate2Refractive index be 1.46.The dielectric constant of metal changes with the change of wave frequency, this reality
Example is applied from the Drude-Lorentz models of a description metal dispersion relation to determine under some wave band or some wavelength
Dielectric constant.It is 633nm for the wavelength for transmitting optical signal, the dielectric constant of corresponding argent is εm=-14.489+
1.0949i。
Fig. 2 is embodiment 633nm wavelength radial polarisation waveguide modes | Er| distribution map, wherein core radius are r1=50nm,
Low refractive index dielectric part between high refractive index medium and noble metal is r2-r1=20nm, metal level outer radius and interior half
The difference in footpath is r3-r2=80nm.The present embodiment is emulated using full-vector finite element method, as seen from the figure, described cylinder
There is obvious field enhancing effect in shape mixing phasmon waveguide low refractive index dielectric region between high refractive index medium and noble metal
Should, and with superpower mould field limitation capability.
Fig. 3 is the r components of embodiment radial polarisation waveguide mode electric field mould | Er| along the distribution curve of waveguide sections diameter,
When operation wavelength is 633nm, the r components of electric field mould | Er| along the diametric distribution curve of waveguide sections, as seen from the figure,
Low-refraction slit areas interior focusing has high field restriction ability, and has obvious field enhancement effect.
Fig. 4 is embodiment radial polarisation waveguide mode polarisation distribution, and arrow indicates radial polarisation state, in transmission optical signal
When wavelength is 633nm, the electric field oscillation direction of radial polarisation light is along radially, the column symmetry architectural characteristic of whole active system,
The polarization mode of support is more, either linearly polarized light or radial polarisation light, and with the high advantage of device integration.
Fig. 5 is embodiment when it is 633nm to transmit the wavelength of optical signal, pattern effective refractive index real part neff_rWith height refraction
Rate medium core radius r1Variation relation.It is r in low refractive index dielectric regional choice2-r1During=50nm, the table of transmission in waveguide
The n of face phasmon patterneff_rWith sandwich layer Si radius r1Increase and increase, equally select r2-r1=20nm and r2-r1=
5nm, as seen from the figure, pattern effective refractive index real part neff_rWith high refractive index medium core radius r1Increase and increase.
Fig. 6 is embodiment when it is 633nm to transmit the wavelength of optical signal, pattern effective refractive index imaginary part neff_iWith height refraction
Rate medium core radius r1Variation relation.It is r in low refractive index dielectric regional choice2-r1=50nm, r2-r1=20nm and r2-r1
=5nm, pattern effective refractive index imaginary part neff_iWith high refractive index medium sandwich layer Si radius r1Increase and reduce.Propagation distance L
Distance when electric-field intensity on any interface decays to initial value 1/e is defined as, its expression formula is：
L=1/ (k0neff_i)=λ/(2 π neff_i)
Wherein k0It is the wave vector in vacuum；neff_iIt is the imaginary part of the pattern effective refractive index of waveguide；
The real part of pattern effective refractive index represents the refractive index in cylindrical mixed wave guide structure, and imaginary part size is determined
The size of transmission loss when mixed mode is propagated in the waveguide.
Fig. 7 is that embodiment cylinder mixing phasmon waveguide a and cylindrical metal-Medium Wave Guide b patterns are effectively reflected
Rate imaginary part neff_iComparison diagram, wherein a waveguides are cylindrical hybrid waveguide, and b waveguides are medium silicon and argent from the inside to the outside
The coaxial cylindrical phasmon waveguide of composition, as seen from the figure, the surface plasmon mode of cylindrical hybrid waveguide it is effective
Imaginary index neff_iThere is obvious reduction, and with core radius r1Increase and reduce, can be achieved low-loss transmission.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, not doing any type of limitation to the present invention.It is every
Any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that technology and method according to the present invention are substantially made to above example, still
Belong in the range of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of low-loss cylinder mixing phasmon waveguide of compact, it is characterised in that：The mixing phasmon ripple
It is three layers of coaxial cylindrical structure being successively made up of from inside to outside tri- kinds of materials of A, B and C to lead.
2. cylinder mixing phasmon waveguide according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described tri- kinds of materials of A, B and C
High refractive index medium, low refractive index dielectric and metal is respectively adopted, core radius is r1, low refractive index dielectric layer outer radius is r2,
Metal level outer radius is r3。
3. the metal phasmon waveguide of cylinder mixed type according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The high index of refraction
Medium and low refractive index dielectric are respectively Si and SiO2, wherein Si refractive index is 3.445, SiO2Refractive index be 1.46.
4. the metal phasmon waveguide of cylinder mixed type according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The metal is gold
Or silver.
5. the metal phasmon waveguide of cylinder mixed type according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The waveguiding structure
Size and operation wavelength λ be same magnitude, but less than operation wavelength.
6. the metal phasmon waveguide of cylinder mixed type according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The high index of refraction
Areas of dielectric r1For 0.07~0.16 times of operation wavelength.
7. the metal phasmon waveguide of cylinder mixed type according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The low-refraction
Areas of dielectric r2-r1For 0.008~0.1 times of operation wavelength wavelength.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN108227054A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-29 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of field local enhancing device of surface construction annular groove |
| CN108445560A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-08-24 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of field local enhancing device based on mixing phasmon waveguide |
| CN112415655A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-26 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Hybrid plasma coaxial nanometer optical waveguide structure and equipment |
| CN112882153A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-01 | 南京邮电大学 | Cylindrical hybrid plasmon waveguide based on adjustable graphene polarization state |
| CN114221107A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-03-22 | 南通大学 | Dielectric waveguide transmission line loaded with surface plasmon structure |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108227054A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-29 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of field local enhancing device of surface construction annular groove |
| CN108445560A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-08-24 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of field local enhancing device based on mixing phasmon waveguide |
| CN108445560B (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2023-07-14 | 南京邮电大学 | Hybrid plasmon waveguide-based field local enhancement device |
| CN108227054B (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2024-02-02 | 南京邮电大学 | Surface-constructed annular groove field local area enhancement device |
| CN112415655A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-26 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Hybrid plasma coaxial nanometer optical waveguide structure and equipment |
| CN112882153A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-01 | 南京邮电大学 | Cylindrical hybrid plasmon waveguide based on adjustable graphene polarization state |
| CN114221107A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-03-22 | 南通大学 | Dielectric waveguide transmission line loaded with surface plasmon structure |
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Inventor after: Xu Ji Inventor after: Shi Nannan Inventor after: Chen Yilin Inventor after: Liu Xiwen Inventor after: Yuan Mujuan Inventor after: Lu Yunqing Inventor after: Wang Jin Inventor before: Xu Ji Inventor before: Shi Nannan Inventor before: Chen Yilin Inventor before: Liu Xiwen Inventor before: Yuan Mujuan Inventor before: Lu Yunqing Inventor before: Wang Jing |
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