CN107219323B - method for evaluating durability of motorcycle catalyst - Google Patents
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- CN107219323B CN107219323B CN201710361984.XA CN201710361984A CN107219323B CN 107219323 B CN107219323 B CN 107219323B CN 201710361984 A CN201710361984 A CN 201710361984A CN 107219323 B CN107219323 B CN 107219323B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for evaluating the durability of a motorcycle catalyst. Acquiring relevant parameters of the motorcycle endurance cycle, mounting an auxiliary tool packaged with a catalyst on an exhaust pipe of a gasoline engine aging rack, carrying out rapid aging on the catalyst, carrying out a whole-vehicle emission test on the aged catalyst on the motorcycle, analyzing and comparing emission data results, and judging the endurance performance of the catalyst; including the corresponding parameters for rapid aging of motorcycle catalysts. The method can quickly complete the screening of the catalyst formula and the investigation of the reliability and durability of the catalyst, more accurately simulate the durable hydrothermal aging temperature factor and the durable time factor of the whole motorcycle, and also simulate the influence of the airspeed influence factor in the durability of the catalyst on the durability of the catalyst, comprehensively simulate the real state of the motorcycle catalyst in the durable process, and improve the durability evaluation accuracy of the catalyst.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of catalyst research and preparation, particularly belongs to the technical field of catalyst evaluation methods in catalyst research and preparation, and relates to a method for evaluating the durability of a motorcycle catalyst.
Background
with the upgrading of the emission regulations of the motorcycles, the emission standards of the motorcycles are upgraded from state III to state IV, and compared with the emission standards of state III, the state IV of the motorcycles is mainly different in several aspects: the transient working condition is increased, the discharge weight at the cold machine stage is increased, the discharge limit value is greatly reduced, and the endurance mileage is obviously increased. These differences place higher demands on motorcycle emission control technology, particularly on emission limits and durability regulations, making national iv standards one of the most stringent motorcycle emission regulations in the world. At present, motorcycles are provided with three-way catalysts to simultaneously purify exhaust gases of three pollutants, namely carbon monoxide (CO), unburned Hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). As can be seen from the requirement of the laws and regulations on the endurance mileage, the laws and regulations further provide high requirements on the endurance performance of the three-way catalyst, and the evaluation method of the endurance performance of the three-way catalyst becomes a common concern for people in the same industry. Three-way catalyst durability evaluation typically employs a rapid aging method to accelerate catalyst deactivation by simulating the most severe conditions in motorcycle operation.
The main factors influencing the durability of the three-way catalyst of the motorcycle comprise durability temperature, durability time, durability airspeed, durability atmosphere and the like, and the currently commonly used three-way catalyst aging methods mainly comprise finished vehicle aging, muffle furnace aging, simulated gas aging and engine pedestal aging.
and (3) carrying out the finished catalyst aging test, namely running the standard and specified mileage under specified working conditions through a road or a rotary drum, then testing the emission data of the catalyst, and judging whether the emission result meets the design target. The catalyst needs long time and high cost for carrying out the endurance test through the whole motorcycle, so that the product research and development period of a catalyst manufacturer is long, and the production and the sale of the motorcycle catalyst are influenced. With the coming of new emission regulations, endurance mileage increases, and the endurance of the entire vehicle before takes longer to obtain emission results, which makes the test difficult in terms of cost, time and workload, and during which the entire endurance test is easily interrupted due to individual vehicle mass factors.
The catalyst muffle furnace aging test is a common method, and has the advantages of low cost and high efficiency, and the defects of large difference between the nitrogen oxide emission value of the aged catalyst and the aging of the whole vehicle, gas components which do not accord with the actual condition, and incapability of truly and accurately reflecting the nitrogen oxide degradation performance of the catalyst;
The catalyst simulation gas aging test can accurately simulate aging conditions such as aging gas content, temperature, time and the like of the catalyst, is generally used for discussing theoretical problems related to a catalyst reaction mechanism, and is suitable for laboratory research and use. The simulated gas evaluation system not only needs to be provided with a special gas source, but also requires very strict gas flow control so as to meet the requirement of keeping fixed proportion among synthesis gases, and simultaneously simulates the characteristic of instantaneous change of gas content, thereby providing a serious challenge for a control system.
the aging test of the catalyst engine bench is the three-way catalyst aging evaluation method which is most widely applied at present. The rapid aging of the engine rack has the advantages of short test period, low test cost, less manpower requirement and the like, so that the rapid aging test of the three-way catalyst is performed through the engine rack in the prior art. There are industry standards for engine rig aging tests for three-way catalysts, which require control of excess air ratio, air-fuel ratio, aging process temperature, and airspeed parameters to bench age the catalyst. In order to achieve the control targets, in order to shorten the development period and reduce the cost, the catalyst life evaluation method is mostly carried out by adopting a rapid aging bench test abroad, wherein the rapid aging bench test comprises a medium aging test meeting ECE3 for 80 hours and a ULEV3 dual-mode aging test for 45 hours.
There are a number of patent documents on engine mount aging methods. Patent CN201110265372 discloses a bench test method for rapid aging of an automobile catalyst. Herein, the SRC test is carried out on the whole vehicle, the SBC test is carried out on the post-processing device of the vehicle, and the temperature of the catalytic converter is measured; calculating the standard effective temperature Tr of the three-way catalyst according to the catalyst temperature in the SBC test; calculating the catalyst aging time T of the SBC test required by the same effect of catalyst aging after the catalyst aging reaches 160000kmSRC test according to the catalyst temperature data in the Tr test and the SRC test; carrying out a running-in test of 3000km on the vehicle; performing a type I emission test to obtain a pollutant emission value Mi 1; carrying out SBC aging test on the catalyst, and judging whether the test time reaches 95% of the calculated aging time; the catalyst is installed on the whole vehicle again, a type I emission test is carried out, and a pollutant emission value Mi2 is measured; the vehicle durability deterioration coefficient is calculated as Mi2 divided by Mi 1. According to the method, the aging temperature and the aging time are calculated through a BAT equation, rack aging is carried out by using the calculated temperature and time, in the actual durability process of the catalyst, the temperature and the time are factors influencing the degradation of the catalyst, but other influencing factors such as airspeed are also included, and the influence of oxygen content in the aging process is quite obvious, so that the degradation factor of the catalyst in the whole vehicle durability process cannot be more truly reflected, and the deviation between the emission result of the aged catalyst and the result after the actual vehicle durability is larger.
Patent CN201210090261 discloses a rapid aging method of a sulfur recovery catalyst and a device thereof. The rapid catalyst aging device and the rapid catalyst aging method developed by the invention age the sulfur recovery catalyst, can complete a catalyst aging test in one day, can simulate hydrothermal aging and sulfation factors, and remarkably improve the research and development efficiency of the catalyst. The method can simulate the long-period hydrothermal aging and sulfate aging of the catalyst by simulating gas. The durability can be accurately evaluated by using the simulated gas aging catalyst, and a simulated gas evaluation system which is artificially synthesized not only has a very complicated pipeline structure and a gas quality control valve block, but also has a certain requirement on the purity of gas quality, and can not truly and comprehensively reflect the influence factors of the catalyst in the actual durability process.
patent CN201520830392 discloses a three-way catalyst rapid aging and performance evaluation test bench device, the device includes engine assembly, main line air-fuel ratio measuring device, first auxiliary pipeline and the vice pipeline of second, first auxiliary pipeline is parallelly connected with the vice pipeline of second, first auxiliary pipeline all links to each other with engine assembly through main line air-fuel ratio measuring device with the vice pipeline of second, be equipped with gaseous supplementary branch road on the first auxiliary pipeline in proper order, gas cooling branch road, three way catalyst converter, gaseous analytical equipment and first valve, be equipped with waste gas flow measuring device and second valve on the vice pipeline of second in proper order, be equipped with temperature sensor on the three way catalyst converter. The device can be used for carrying out a rapid aging test of the three-way catalyst and a performance evaluation test of the three-way catalyst.
Patent CN200520071175 discloses a quick aging test device of catalyst converter rack for gasoline engine, the device includes dynamometer, engine, exhaust muffler, cooling blower and catalyst converter, the dynamometer is connected with the engine, the gas that the engine was got rid of passes through the exhaust muffler, the catalyst is installed in the exhaust muffler, it still includes to air-fuel ratio and the control part and the measuring part that the temperature was adjusted and was surveyed before the catalyst converter, air-fuel ratio controller or secondary air introducer realized the control of air-fuel ratio before the catalyst converter: the heat exchanger or the insulating layer realizes the temperature control before the catalyst. The patent can realize the rapid aging of a catalyst product on an engine rack and finish the investigation of the reliability and the durability of the catalyst product, and an article ages the catalyst by controlling the air-fuel ratio and the temperature in front of the catalyst, but the adjustment basis of the temperature and the air-fuel ratio is not specifically described.
Patent CN201520794200 discloses an air jet equipment for engine three way catalyst converter rack aging test, is connected to engine intercommunication three way catalyst converter's exhaust pipeline through the air nozzle on, this air nozzle is connected with PLC and realizes air injection control. The air injection device of the patent directly injects air into the exhaust pipe to control the air-fuel ratio A/F in the three-way catalytic converter to carry out pulse change according to the specified requirement and realize automatic variable working condition air supplement control. The air-fuel ratio is adjusted by introducing an air injection device.
Patent CN201120494222 discloses a three way catalyst converter experimental system that ages fast, including mainly by combustor, high pressure positive blower, surge tank, heat exchanger, high temperature pipeline and valve and control system constitution. The improved burner with controllable fuel injection amount is installed inside a pressure stabilizing box to form the burner pressure stabilizing box. The high-pressure fan and the combustor surge tank are connected in series to form a combustion system, and the system is used for replacing an engine in an engine bench test. The novel three-way catalyst rapid aging test system improves the highest aging temperature, accelerates the aging speed, enlarges the application range of the system, and simultaneously improves the controllability, the safety and the stability. In the patent, the combustor is used for replacing an engine to age the rack, but in the test process, the controllability of the combustor is poor, and the aging parameters cannot be accurately controlled. The aging test of the engine bench mainly has the following defects: the flow variation range of the engine is not wide enough, so that the engine is replaced aiming at the catalyst with larger flow difference; the highest temperature of engine exhaust is generally below 1000 ℃, so that the thermal aging time of the catalyst is relatively long; the change range of the air-fuel ratio is narrow, a larger air-fuel ratio change range is sometimes needed in order to measure the service life of the three-way catalyst at different air-fuel ratios to the maximum, the engine is limited by the performance of the engine, and the change range is also limited; the engine rack system reformed on the basis of the original engine needs to reform the control of the engine again and is limited by the structural function of the engine, so that the engine rack system is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a system and a method for evaluating the durability of a motorcycle catalyst according to the defects of the prior art, and provides a system and a method for evaluating the durability of the motorcycle catalyst, which are quicker, more accurate and more economical.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the method for evaluating the durability of the motorcycle catalyst is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Acquiring relevant parameters of the motorcycle endurance cycle, including a rack aging average effective temperature parameter, a rack aging airspeed parameter, a rack aging time parameter and a rack secondary air jet oxygen concentration parameter;
Step two: mounting an auxiliary tool packaged with a catalyst on an exhaust pipeline of a gasoline engine aging rack;
Step three: carrying out rapid aging on the catalyst;
step four: carrying out a whole-vehicle emission test on the aged catalyst on a motorcycle, analyzing and comparing emission data results, and judging the durability of the catalyst;
The rapid aging cycle model of the third step is as follows:
one cycle every 60 seconds; firstly, 0-40 seconds: the air-fuel ratio is the theoretical air-fuel ratio, and the temperature of a catalyst bed layer is set to be within +/-30 ℃ of the average value of the highest temperature interval of the motorcycle endurance cycle; 41-45 seconds: the space-time natural ratio is dense, and the space-time natural ratio phi a is 0.93 +/-0.01; ③ 46-55 seconds: the air-to-air ratio is rich, and the phi a is 0.93 +/-0.01; the control temperature of the catalytic bed is increased by 90 ℃ on the basis of the average value of the highest temperature interval of the motorcycle endurance cycle, secondary air injection is carried out on the basis, and the oxygen concentration of the secondary air injection is +/-5% of the average oxygen content in the tail gas corresponding to the speed accelerated from 45km/h to 70km/h in the motorcycle endurance cycle; 56-60 seconds: the air-fuel ratio is restored to the theoretical air-fuel ratio, and secondary air is continuously injected; the rotation speed of the aged engine is 2800 plus or minus 100rpm, and the opening degree of the accelerator is 31 plus or minus 1 percent.
in the first step:
The average effective temperature parameter for the aging of the rack is obtained by the following steps: collecting the catalyst bed temperature of 2 11LAPS cycles in a motorcycle endurance cycle test, and calculating the average value of the highest temperature interval by taking the temperature interval frequency of every 20 ℃ as an interval; the parameter value may be the average value calculated as ± 30 ℃.
the aging airspeed parameter of the rack is obtained by dividing the average gas flow speed corresponding to the speed of 45-70 km/h in the durable cycle of the motorcycle by the volume of the catalyst, and the parameter value can be +/-5000 h -1 of the calculation result.
The parameters for obtaining the aging time of the rack are as follows: the time corresponding to the highest temperature interval of the bed layer in the 2 kilo kilometer endurance cycle of the motorcycle; the parameter may take the value of ± 10% of the time.
the parameters for obtaining the oxygen concentration of the secondary air injection of the rack are as follows: accelerating the speed of the motorcycle from 45km/h to 70km/h in the endurance cycle of the motorcycle to correspond to the average oxygen content in the tail gas; the parameter value may be ± 5% of the above oxygen content.
The auxiliary tool for encapsulating the catalyst comprises a hollow shell, and ceramic fiber paper filler fixed between the catalyst and a catalyst carrier in the shell.
The ageing rack of gasoline engine includes: the device comprises an electric vortex dynamometer part, an engine part, an exhaust gas mixing part, a first exhaust pipeline and a second exhaust pipeline, wherein the first exhaust pipeline is connected with the second exhaust pipeline in parallel; the first exhaust pipe is provided with a plurality of catalysts, the catalysts are provided with temperature sensors, the second exhaust pipe is an empty pipe, and the airspeed and the temperature of the first exhaust pipe are adjusted in an auxiliary mode through a branch air quantity adjusting valve; the two exhaust pipelines discharge waste gas through the rear oxygen sensor.
The total volume of the encapsulated catalyst is 0.6-1.6 times of the displacement of the motorcycle.
The invention is used for quick evaluation of the durability of the motorcycle catalyst, and comprises a method for quickly aging the motorcycle catalyst. The standard HJ T331-2006 'rapid aging test method' is used for aging of a conventional catalyst, in a motorcycle catalyst evaluation system, the catalyst obtained by the standard HJ T331-2006 'rapid aging test method' is compared with a catalyst which is durable for 2 kilometers of a motorcycle, the emission results of CO, THC and NOx of the rack rapid aging catalyst are higher in degradation degree than the emission results of the catalyst which is durable for 2 kilometers of the motorcycle, data deviate by more than 60%, and the performance of the catalyst is seriously inconsistent with the performance of the catalyst which is durable for a real vehicle. Patent CN201110265372 calculates the average effective aging temperature and aging time of the rack by BAT equation. The aging effective temperature and the aging time are calculated by using the method of the patent, the aging model of standard HJ T331-2006 is adopted for rack aging, the emission test of the catalyst after rack rapid aging is compared with the emission test of the catalyst after the motorcycle is durable for 2 kilometers, the CO, THC and NOx emission results of the rack rapid aging catalyst are higher than the emission results of the catalyst after the motorcycle is durable for 2 kilometers, the data deviate from more than 80 percent, and the performance of the catalyst is seriously inconsistent with the performance of the catalyst after the motorcycle is durable. The invention obtains a method for evaluating the aging and durability performance of a motorcycle catalyst through research, and provides a method for evaluating the average effective temperature, the aging time, the aging airspeed and the secondary air jet oxygen concentration of rack aging. Wherein the method for determining the average effective aging temperature of the rack is the average value of the highest temperature interval of the bed layer in the endurance cycle of the motorcycle; the aging time of the rack is determined by the time corresponding to the highest temperature interval of the bed in the 2 kilo durable cycle of the motorcycle; the aging airspeed of the rack is determined by dividing the average gas flow speed corresponding to the speed of 45-70 km/h in the durable cycle of the motorcycle by the volume of the catalyst; and determining the oxygen concentration of the secondary air injection of the rack as the average oxygen content in the tail gas corresponding to the speed accelerated from 45km/h to 70km/h in the motorcycle endurance cycle.
Firstly, investigating relevant parameters of the durable circulation of the motorcycle, such as a catalyst bed temperature interval parameter, a catalyst airspeed parameter, a time parameter corresponding to a catalyst bed highest temperature interval and an average oxygen content parameter in tail gas corresponding to the speed accelerated from 45km/h to 70km/h, on a motorcycle chassis; secondly, mounting the catalyst aging auxiliary tool with the catalyst fixed on an exhaust pipe of a gasoline engine aging rack; then inputting relevant parameters of the motorcycle endurance cycle into an engine aging cycle program to perform rack aging; and finally, welding the aged catalyst to a silencer, carrying out a whole-vehicle emission test on a motorcycle, comparing an emission data result with a design target, and quickly judging whether the catalyst can meet the design target after the catalyst is durable.
through discharging the muffler after wearing to the real car of motorcycle and the muffler after the gasoline engine rack is ageing on the motorcycle and counterpointing the experiment, the experimental result shows: the deviation of the two emission results is around 10%. The invention can quickly complete the screening of catalyst formulas (carrier specification, mesh number, noble metal content, noble metal formula and catalytic material formula), the investigation of the reliability and durability of the catalyst, predict the emission condition of the motorcycle catalyst after durability in a short time and greatly shorten the development time and the development cost. The system and the method for evaluating the durability of the motorcycle catalyst can simulate the temperature factor of the durability hydrothermal aging of the whole motorcycle and the time factor of the durability, and can also simulate the influence of the airspeed influence factor in the durability of the catalyst on the durability of the catalyst, so that the real state of the motorcycle catalyst in the durability process is comprehensively simulated, and the accuracy of the durability evaluation of the catalyst is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a catalyst gasoline engine aging rack system employed in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a catalyst aging aid tool package;
FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a catalyst aging aid package.
In the figure, 1 denotes a catalyst, 2 denotes a packing, 3 denotes an encapsulating case, 4 denotes a dynamometer, 5 denotes an engine, 6 denotes exhaust gas mixing, 7 denotes a bypass air amount adjusting valve, 8 denotes an exhaust line, 9 denotes a secondary air make-up valve, 10 denotes a pre-oxygen sensor, 11 denotes an encapsulating empty case, 12 denotes an encapsulating catalyst case, 13 denotes an oxygen sensor, 14 denotes an exhaust line, 15 denotes a secondary air make-up pump, 16 denotes a catalyst bed thermocouple, and 17 denotes exhaust gas exhaust.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following detailed description, which is intended to further illustrate the principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, but is equivalent or analogous to the present invention without departing from its scope.
Example 1
selecting a motorcycle with 110 discharge capacity of a certain joint-market brand, preparing A, B two catalysts according to the discharge capacity of the motorcycle, wherein the volume of the catalysts is 1.56 times of the discharge capacity of an engine, and the formula information of the catalysts is shown in the following table 1.
table 1 catalyst formulation information
the evaluation method comprises the following steps:
The method comprises the following steps: a motorcycle with 110 discharge capacity of a certain joint-market brand is installed on a chassis, relevant parameters of national four-endurance cycle (2 11LAPS) of the motorcycle, such as a catalyst bed temperature interval parameter, a catalyst bed temperature rise parameter, a catalyst airspeed parameter and an endurance time parameter, are investigated, and the following table 2 shows the 2 11LAPS catalyst bed temperature interval parameters. 11LAPS is the motorcycle three and four durable cycles.
TABLE 2 temperature parameters associated with 11LAPS for a 110 displacement motorcycle
The data processing of the relevant parameters is as follows:
The average effective temperature parameter of the rack aging is (710+730)/2 is 720 ℃;
The proportion of the time of the highest temperature interval (710-730) DEG C to the total durable cycle time is 256/11696 × 100%, 2.19%;
The space velocity parameter of the catalyst is 4.2727/0.156 × 3600 ═ 98600h -1, and the parameter is determined to be 100000 h -1.
The bench aging time parameter is 20000/73.1 (mileage of one LAPS) 97.5/60 2.19% 9.74 h; the parameters were determined to be 10 h.
Step two: the motorcycle catalyst A, B is fixed in the catalyst rack aging auxiliary tool by ceramic fiber paper and is arranged on the exhaust pipeline of the gasoline engine aging rack;
Step three: the relevant parameters for the motorcycle's endurance cycle were entered into the engine aging cycle program along with the bench aging catalyst A, B, the bench aging cycle parameters are as follows in table 3.
TABLE 3 Engine pedestal aging conditions
Step four: welding the aged catalyst on the silencer, wherein the A catalyst is AX-01 for the number of the silencer,
The number of the catalyst B to the silencer is BX-01;
example 2
In example 1, the steps three, four: the relevant parameters of the motorcycle endurance cycle are input into the engine aging cycle program for rack aging, and the rack aging cycle parameters are as shown in the following table 4.
TABLE 4 Engine pedestal aging conditions
Step four: welding the catalyst with aged rack to the silencer, wherein the A catalyst is AX-02 for the number of the silencer,
The number of the catalyst B to the silencer is BX-02;
Example 3
Selecting a motorcycle with 150 discharge capacity of a certain joint-market brand, preparing A, B two catalysts according to the discharge capacity of the motorcycle, wherein the volume of the catalysts is 1.33 times of the discharge capacity of an engine, and the formula information of the catalysts is shown in the following table 5.
TABLE 5 catalyst formulation information
| Catalyst codes | Carrier specification | Noble metal proportion (Pt: Pd: Rh) | Noble Metal content (g/ft)3) |
| C | Single stage Φ 53.5 × 100/400 | 1:20:5 | 30 |
| D | Single stage Φ 53.5 × 100/400 | 1:20:5 | 60 |
the evaluation method comprises the following steps:
The method comprises the following steps: installing a motorcycle with a certain qualification brand of 150 discharge capacity on a chassis, and investigating related parameters of four endurance cycles of the motorcycle, such as a catalyst bed temperature interval parameter, a catalyst bed temperature rise parameter, a catalyst airspeed parameter and an endurance time parameter; the parameters of the 2 11LAPS catalyst bed temperature intervals are shown in Table 6 below.
TABLE 6 temperature parameters associated with 2 11LAPS for a 150-displacement motorcycle
The data processing of the relevant parameters is as follows:
the average effective temperature parameter of the rack aging is (630+650)/2 is 640 ℃;
The proportion of the time of the highest temperature interval (630-;
the bench aging time parameter is 20000/73.1 (mileage of one LAPS) 97.5/60 2.39% and 10.64 h; the parameters were determined to be 11 h.
The rack aging space velocity parameter is 5.8331/0.200 3600-104996 h -1, and the parameter is determined to be 105000 h -1.
step two: fixing a motorcycle catalyst A, B in an aging auxiliary tool of a catalyst rack by using ceramic fiber paper, and installing the motorcycle catalyst A, B on an exhaust pipeline of an aging rack of a gasoline engine;
Step three: the relevant parameters for the motorcycle endurance cycle were entered into the engine aging cycle program along with the bench aging catalyst C, D, the bench aging cycle parameters are as in table 7 below.
TABLE 7 Engine pedestal aging conditions
step four: welding the aged catalyst on the rack to form a silencer, wherein the number of the catalyst C to the silencer is CX-03,
the number of the D catalyst to the silencer is DX-03;
comparative example 1
reference is made to "rapid ageing test cycle A" in Standard HJ T331-2006, where the ageing time is from 160 h. In the original text, the 160h rapid aging corresponds to 16 kilometers of the automobile, and the four durable mileages of the motorcycle country require 2 kilometers and are aged for 20h through equivalent substitution; in example 1, the third modification step: the relevant parameters for the motorcycle's endurance cycle were entered into the engine aging cycle program while the bench aging catalyst A, B, C, D bench aging cycle parameters were adjusted to the bench aging cycle parameters as shown in table 8 below.
TABLE 8 Engine pedestal aging conditions
Step four: welding the aged catalyst on a silencer, wherein the A catalyst is numbered BAX-01 for the silencer,
The serial number of the catalyst B to the silencer is BBX-01, the serial number of the catalyst C to the silencer is BCX-01, and the serial number of the catalyst D to the silencer is BDX-01;
comparative example 2
With reference to patents CN201110264924 and CN201110265372, 11 LAPSs tests are performed on a whole motorcycle and SBC bench aging tests are performed on an aftertreatment device of the motorcycle, and the temperature of a catalyst in the two circulation tests is measured according to a set rule; iteratively solving the standard effective temperature Tr of the three-way catalyst by using a BAT equation according to the temperature data of the catalyst in the SBC rack aging test; calculating the catalyst aging time T of the SBC test required by the equivalent effect of catalyst aging after the catalyst aging reaches 20000km11LAPS test by using the BAT equation according to the catalyst temperature data in the Tr and 11LAPS tests; the method is characterized in that a motorcycle with 110 displacement of a certain joint-fund brand is installed on a chassis, relevant parameters of national four-endurance cycle of the motorcycle, such as catalyst bed temperature interval parameters, 2 11LAPS catalyst bed temperature interval parameters are shown in the following table 9, and relevant parameters of SBC test catalyst bed temperature interval parameters are shown in the following table 10.
TABLE 9 temperature parameters associated with 2 LAPS's and 11 LAPS's for a 110-displacement motorcycle
TABLE 10 temperature interval related parameters of SBC test catalyst bed of a 110-displacement motorcycle
Adjusting the set temperature of the bench aging by using BAT equation to ensure that Th (h) of SBC test is equal to Te (h), namely the aging temperature is 771 ℃, and the bench aging time is equal to 11LAPS test Te (h) × 1.1 ═ 74 h;
and a third changing step: the relevant parameters for the motorcycle endurance cycle were entered into the engine aging cycle program and the two regimen catalysts were aged A, B simultaneously, with the bench aging cycle parameters as shown in table 11 below.
TABLE 11 Engine pedestal aging conditions
Step four: welding the aged catalyst on a silencer, wherein the A catalyst is numbered as BAX-02 for the silencer,
The number of the catalyst B to the silencer is BBX-02;
experiment one (motorcycle durability test)
A, B catalyst is directly welded on a silencer, wherein the A catalyst is numbered ZA-00 for the silencer, and the B catalyst is numbered ZB-00 for the silencer; then, the silencers ZA-00 and ZB-00 are respectively installed on a joint-asset brand 110 displacement 1# motorcycle to respectively carry out 2 kilo kilometers of durability tests on the whole motorcycle. Then, the durable mufflers ZA-00 and ZB-00 are respectively installed on a motorcycle with 110 displacement 2 of a certain joint-investment brand, and the whole-vehicle emission test is carried out according to the requirements of the pollution control device test (type I test) in the national standard GB 14622-2016 (limit for emission of pollutants from motorcycles) and the measurement method (working condition method, stage IV in China), and the test results are as shown in the following table 12.
TABLE 12 test results of the catalyst emissions in the motorcycle
In the same manner as above, ZC-00 and ZD-00 were subjected to the whole vehicle emission test, the test results are shown in Table 13 below.
TABLE 13 test results of the catalyst emissions in the motorcycle
From the above tables 12, 13 it can be seen that: and the ZA-00 and the ZB-00 are aged by the real vehicle, the emission results of the ZA-00 and the ZB-00 are obviously different, and the emission results of the ZC-00 and the ZD-00 are obviously different by the real vehicle aging and are used as a benchmarking standard for the rack aging.
Test two (motorcycle whole emission test)
The mufflers AX-01, AX-02, BAX-01, BAX-02, BX-01, BX-02, BBX-01 and BBX-02 were mounted on a 110ml volume motorcycle manufactured by a joint venture company, and the whole vehicle emission test was performed according to the requirements of the pollution control device (type I test) in the national standard GB 14622-2016 "motorcycle pollutant emission limit and measurement method (working condition method, stage IV in China), and the results are as shown in Table 14 below.
TABLE 14 test results for the emissions of the catalyst from the whole vehicle
from table 14, it can be seen that: the deviation between the emission results of the aged AX-01, AX-02, BX-01 and BX-02 racks and the results of the aged motorcycle is about 10 percent. Whereas the emission results of the catalysts BAX-01, BAX-02, BBX-01, BBX-02 aged by reference to the standard HJ T331-2006 and the presently disclosed catalyst bench aging method differ considerably from the emission results of the catalysts after the actual durability.
The mufflers CX-03, BCX-01, DX-03 and BDX-01 were mounted on a motorcycle with a capacity of 150ml produced by a joint venture company, and the emission test of the entire motorcycle was performed according to the requirements of the pollution control device (type i test) in the national standard GB 14622-2016 "motorcycle pollutant emission limit and the measurement method (working condition method, phase iv in china), and the results are shown in table 15 below.
TABLE 15 test results for vehicle emissions of catalysts
From table 15, it can be seen that: the deviation between the emission result after aging of the CX-03 and DX-03 racks and the result after the motorcycle is durable is about 10 percent, the application of the invention can quickly finish the reliability and durability investigation of the catalyst product, predict the emission condition of the motorcycle catalyst after the durability in a short time, and greatly shorten the development time and the development cost. And the emission results of the catalysts BCX-01 and BDX-01 aged by referring to the standard HJ T331-2006 and the prior-published catalyst rack aging method are greatly different from the emission results of the catalysts after the practical durability.
the rapid aging method of the catalyst can simulate the durable hydrothermal aging temperature factor, durable time factor and durable carbon deposition factor of the whole motorcycle, and can also simulate the influence of the airspeed influence factor in the durability of the catalyst on the durability of the catalyst, so that the real state of the motorcycle catalyst in the durability process can be comprehensively simulated, and the accuracy of durability evaluation of the catalyst can be improved.
Claims (4)
1. A method for evaluating the durability of a motorcycle catalyst is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring relevant parameters of the motorcycle endurance cycle, including a rack aging average effective temperature parameter, a rack aging airspeed parameter, a rack aging time parameter and a rack secondary air jet oxygen concentration parameter;
step two: mounting an auxiliary tool packaged with a catalyst on an exhaust pipeline of a gasoline engine aging rack;
step three: carrying out rapid aging on the catalyst;
Step four: carrying out a whole-vehicle emission test on the aged catalyst on a motorcycle, analyzing and comparing emission data results, and judging the durability of the catalyst;
The method comprises the following steps of firstly, obtaining the average aging effective temperature parameter of the rack:
Collecting the catalyst bed temperature of 2 11LAPS cycles in a motorcycle endurance cycle test, and calculating the average value of the highest temperature interval by taking the temperature interval frequency of every 20 ℃ as an interval;
The parameters for obtaining the aging airspeed of the rack are as follows: dividing the average gas flow speed corresponding to the speed of the motorcycle in the durable circulation of the motorcycle within the range of 45 km/h-70 km/h by the volume of the catalyst;
The parameters for obtaining the aging time of the rack are as follows: the time corresponding to the highest temperature interval of the bed layer in the 2 kilo kilometer endurance cycle of the motorcycle;
The parameters for obtaining the oxygen concentration of the secondary air injection of the rack are as follows: accelerating the speed of the motorcycle from 45km/h to 70km/h in the endurance cycle of the motorcycle to correspond to the average oxygen content in the tail gas;
The rapid aging cycle model of the third step is as follows:
one cycle every 60 seconds; firstly, 0-40 seconds: the air-fuel ratio is the theoretical air-fuel ratio, and the temperature of a catalyst bed layer is set to be within +/-30 ℃ of the average value of the highest temperature interval of the endurance cycle of the motorcycle; 41-45 seconds: the air-fuel ratio is rich, and the air-fuel ratio phi a is 0.93 +/-0.01; ③ 46-55 seconds: the air-fuel ratio is rich, and the phi a is 0.93 +/-0.01; the control temperature of the catalytic bed is increased by 90 ℃ on the basis of the average value of the highest temperature interval of the motorcycle endurance cycle, secondary air injection is carried out on the basis, and the oxygen concentration of the secondary air injection is +/-5% of the average oxygen content in the tail gas corresponding to the speed accelerated from 45km/h to 70km/h in the motorcycle endurance cycle; 56-60 seconds: the air-fuel ratio is restored to the theoretical air-fuel ratio, and secondary air is continuously injected; the rotation speed of the aged engine is 2800 plus or minus 100rpm, and the opening degree of the accelerator is 31 plus or minus 1 percent.
2. The method for evaluating the durability of a motorcycle catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: the auxiliary tool for encapsulating the catalyst comprises a hollow shell, and ceramic fiber paper filler fixed between the catalyst and a catalyst carrier in the shell.
3. the method for evaluating the durability of a motorcycle catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the gasoline engine aging rack comprises: the device comprises an electric vortex dynamometer part, an engine part, an exhaust gas mixing part, a first exhaust pipeline and a second exhaust pipeline, wherein the first exhaust pipeline is connected with the second exhaust pipeline in parallel; the first exhaust pipe is provided with a plurality of catalysts, the catalysts are provided with temperature sensors, the second exhaust pipe is an empty pipe, and the airspeed and the temperature of the first exhaust pipe are adjusted in an auxiliary mode through a branch air quantity adjusting valve; the two exhaust pipelines discharge waste gas through the rear oxygen sensor.
4. The method for evaluating the durability of a motorcycle catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: the total volume of the catalyst is 0.6-1.6 times of the displacement of the motorcycle.
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| CN109387377B (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2021-05-11 | 昆明贵研催化剂有限责任公司 | Rapid aging method for catalytic gasoline particle trap |
| CN110672653B (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2022-12-02 | 浙江达峰汽车技术有限公司 | Method for simulating aging of automobile exhaust purification catalyst |
| CN110927326A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-27 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Method and device for predicting desulfurization catalyst failure time |
| CN113417728B (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-10-18 | 一汽奔腾轿车有限公司 | Rack aging time calculation and aging test method for palladium-ruthenium formula catalyst |
| CN113567611B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2023-05-09 | 中自环保科技股份有限公司 | Evaluation device and evaluation method for LNT catalyst |
| CN113969819A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-25 | 奇瑞商用车（安徽）有限公司 | Preparation method of critical part of catalytic converter based on rack aging |
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