CN107219132B - Simplified determination method for shear strength of bentonite waterproof blanket and geomembrane composite lining - Google Patents
Simplified determination method for shear strength of bentonite waterproof blanket and geomembrane composite lining Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 33
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 title claims description 33
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 33
- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910000280 sodium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229940092782 bentonite Drugs 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001467 acupuncture Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于环境岩土技术领域，具体涉及一种膨润土防水毯和土工膜复合衬里用于边坡稳定性分析时剪切强度的简化确定方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental geotechnical technology, and in particular relates to a simplified method for determining shear strength when a bentonite waterproof blanket and a geomembrane composite lining are used for slope stability analysis.
背景技术Background technique
针刺钠基膨润土防水毯(GCL)和土工膜(GM)常作为防渗结构应用于工程当中，两者相互接触并组成很好的复合防渗结构层，水化后的针刺GCL内部界面和GCL与土工膜接触界面的摩擦特性是维持边坡稳定的非常重要指标。工程应用中常用剪切强度来表征针刺GCL内部界面和GCL与土工膜接触界面的摩擦特性，针刺GCL内部剪切强度和GCL与土工膜接触界面剪切强度的获得常通过大型剪切试验来获取。Needle-punched sodium bentonite waterproof blanket (GCL) and geomembrane (GM) are often used as anti-seepage structures in engineering. The two are in contact with each other and form a good composite anti-seepage structure layer. The friction characteristics of the interface between GCL and the geomembrane are very important indicators to maintain the stability of the slope. In engineering applications, shear strength is often used to characterize the friction characteristics of the internal interface of acupuncture GCL and the interface between GCL and geomembrane. The internal shear strength of acupuncture GCL and the interface between GCL and geomembrane are often obtained through large-scale shear tests. to obtain.
一般的检测机构和企业都缺乏大型剪切试验设备，而且钠基膨润土防水毯的水化过程缓慢，一组试验需要准备3-4天，因此开展相关强度试验的效率非常低。General testing institutions and enterprises lack large-scale shear test equipment, and the hydration process of sodium bentonite waterproof blanket is slow, and a set of tests needs to be prepared for 3-4 days, so the efficiency of carrying out relevant strength tests is very low.
针刺钠基膨润土防水毯+土工膜复合衬里结构在不同法向压力下的剪切破坏面会发生改变，采用针刺GCL内部剪切强度或GCL与土工膜接触界面强度进行边坡稳定分析会得到偏高的安全系数，不利于工程安全。The shear failure surface of acupuncture sodium bentonite waterproof blanket + geomembrane composite lining structure will change under different normal pressures, and the slope stability analysis will be obtained by using the internal shear strength of acupuncture GCL or the contact interface strength of GCL and geomembrane. A high safety factor is not conducive to engineering safety.
采用针刺钠基膨润土防水毯+土工膜复合衬里的整体剪切强度进行边坡稳定性分析，不但更真实地反映其整体摩擦性能，而且减少了计算工作量，具有更好的应用前景。The overall shear strength of the needle-punched sodium bentonite waterproof blanket + geomembrane composite lining is used to analyze the slope stability, which not only reflects its overall friction performance more truly, but also reduces the computational workload and has better application prospects.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于针对上述问题，提供一种简单实用、安全可靠的针刺钠基膨润土防水毯和土工膜复合衬里的剪切强度确定方法。The object of the present invention is to provide a simple, practical, safe and reliable method for determining the shear strength of a needle-punched sodium bentonite waterproof blanket and a geomembrane composite lining for the above problems.
本发明的技术解决方案是：The technical solution of the present invention is:
一种膨润土防水毯和土工膜复合衬里剪切强度的简化确定方法，包括下列步骤：A simplified method for determining the shear strength of a bentonite waterproof blanket and a geomembrane composite lining, comprising the following steps:
(1)取钠基膨润土防水毯内部钠基膨润土进行水化饱和剪切强度试验，试验获得膨润土防水毯中水化钠基膨润土的峰值剪切强度τb；(1) get the sodium bentonite inside the sodium bentonite waterproof blanket and carry out the hydration saturated shear strength test, and the test obtains the peak shear strength τ b of the hydrated sodium bentonite in the bentonite waterproof blanket;
(2)利用水化膨润土的峰值强度与钠基膨润土防水毯和土工膜复合衬里整体剪切强度之间的关系估算出钠基膨润土防水毯和土工膜复合衬里的峰值剪切强度τp；(2) utilize the relationship between the peak strength of hydrated bentonite and the overall shear strength of the sodium bentonite waterproof blanket and the geomembrane composite lining to estimate the peak shear strength τ p of the sodium bentonite waterproof blanket and the geomembrane composite lining;
(3)利用水化膨润土的残余强度估算钠基膨润土防水毯和土工膜复合衬里的残余剪切强度τr，用于含钠基膨润土防水毯和土工膜复合衬里的边坡稳定性计算。(3) Use the residual strength of hydrated bentonite to estimate the residual shear strength τ r of sodium-based bentonite waterproof blanket and geomembrane composite lining, which is used to calculate the slope stability of sodium-based bentonite waterproof blanket and geomembrane composite lining.
具体的，上述步骤(1)中取钠基膨润土防水毯内部钠基膨润土进行水化饱和剪切强度试验，具体操作步骤为：Specifically, in the above step (1), the sodium bentonite inside the sodium bentonite waterproof blanket is taken to carry out the hydration saturated shear strength test, and the specific operation steps are:
1)将钠基膨润土按液限含水率配制土样；1) Prepare a soil sample with sodium bentonite according to the liquid limit moisture content;
2)将土样装入土工直剪仪中，考虑到加压后的固结沉降应适当多填入膨润土试样，然后在剪切盒中加水饱和；2) Load the soil sample into the geotechnical direct shearing instrument, take into account the consolidation settlement after pressurization, and fill in the bentonite sample appropriately, and then add water to the shear box to saturate it;
3)加压至试验压力后固结2天，或者观察沉降稳定，试验压力分别取25、50、100和200kPa；3) Consolidate for 2 days after pressurizing to the test pressure, or observe the settlement stability, the test pressure is 25, 50, 100 and 200kPa respectively;
4)剪切速率控制在0.1mm/min以下；4) The shear rate is controlled below 0.1mm/min;
5)根据试验峰值强度包线拟合得到内摩擦角φb的大小；5) According to the test peak intensity envelope fitting, the size of the internal friction angle φ b is obtained;
6)忽略水化膨润土的黏聚力，水化膨润土的峰值强度按下式估算τb＝σn*tanφb，其中σn为法向压力。6) Ignoring the cohesion of hydrated bentonite, the peak strength of hydrated bentonite is estimated by the following formula τ b =σ n *tanφ b , where σ n is the normal pressure.
具体的，上述步骤(2)中，钠基膨润土防水毯和土工膜复合衬里的的峰值剪切强度τp与水化膨润土峰值剪切强度τb的关系为：τp＝n*τb，n取1.4-1.6的常数。Specifically, in the above step (2), the relationship between the peak shear strength τ p of the sodium bentonite waterproof blanket and the geomembrane composite lining and the peak shear strength τ b of the hydrated bentonite is: τ p =n*τ b , n takes a constant from 1.4 to 1.6.
具体的，上述步骤(3)中，钠基膨润土防水毯和土工膜复合衬里的残余剪切强度τr按线性表达式τr＝cr+σn*tanφr计算，其中σn为法向压力，取cr＝0，φr＝5°。Specifically, in the above step (3), the residual shear strength τ r of the sodium bentonite waterproof blanket and the geomembrane composite lining is calculated according to the linear expression τ r =c r +σ n *tanφ r , where σ n is the normal direction Pressure, take cr = 0, φ r = 5°.
不管针刺钠基膨润土防水毯+土工膜复合衬里的最终剪切破坏面发生在GCL内部或者土工膜与GCL接触界面上，水化膨润土的残余剪切强度都代表了复合衬里剪切强度的下限。因此，针刺钠基膨润土防水毯+土工膜复合衬里整体残余剪切强度τr按线性表达式τr＝cr+σn*tanφr计算。水化膨润土的残余强度可以采用经验强度估算，取cr＝0，φr＝5°。Regardless of whether the final shear failure surface of the needle-punched sodium bentonite waterproof blanket + geomembrane composite lining occurs inside the GCL or on the contact interface between the geomembrane and the GCL, the residual shear strength of the hydrated bentonite represents the lower limit of the shear strength of the composite lining. . Therefore, the overall residual shear strength τ r of the needle-punched sodium bentonite waterproof blanket + geomembrane composite lining is calculated according to the linear expression τ r = cr +σ n *tanφ r . The residual strength of hydrated bentonite can be estimated by empirical strength, taking cr = 0 and φ r = 5°.
具体的，上述的膨润土防水毯土工膜复合衬里剪切强度的简化确定方法，在填埋场坡度小的底坡位置处选用钠基膨润土防水毯和土工膜复合衬里的峰值剪切强度，而在坡度较大的斜坡上选用钠基膨润土防水毯和土工膜复合衬里的残余剪切强度。Specifically, the above-mentioned simplified method for determining the shear strength of the bentonite waterproof blanket geomembrane composite lining is to select the peak shear strength of the sodium bentonite waterproof blanket and the geomembrane composite lining at the position of the bottom slope with a small slope of the landfill. The residual shear strength of the sodium-based bentonite waterproof blanket and the geomembrane composite lining is selected on the slope with a large slope.
本发明的有益效果是：本发明的强度测定和确定方法简单易行，对试验装置的要求不高，检测时间短，节省人力物力；并且复合衬里的剪切强度估算值偏安全，测定的数据安全可靠。The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the method for measuring and determining the strength of the present invention is simple and easy to implement, the requirements for the test device are not high, the detection time is short, and manpower and material resources are saved; and the estimated value of the shear strength of the composite lining is relatively safe, and the measured data Safe and reliable.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为水化钠基膨润土剪切示意图；Fig. 1 is the shearing schematic diagram of hydrated sodium bentonite;
图2为水化钠基膨润土的剪切应力位移曲线；Fig. 2 is the shear stress displacement curve of hydrated sodium bentonite;
图3为水化钠基膨润土的峰值强度包线；Fig. 3 is the peak strength envelope of hydrated sodium bentonite;
图4为针刺膨润土防水毯+土工膜复合衬里整体剪切峰值强度；Figure 4 shows the overall shear peak strength of acupuncture bentonite waterproof blanket + geomembrane composite lining;
图5为针刺膨润土防水毯+土工膜复合衬里整体剪切残余强度。Figure 5 shows the overall shear residual strength of the needle-punched bentonite waterproof blanket + geomembrane composite lining.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
一种针刺钠基膨润土防水毯和土工膜复合衬里剪切强度的简化确定方法，包括下列步骤：A simplified method for determining the shear strength of a needle-punched sodium bentonite waterproof blanket and a geomembrane composite lining, comprising the following steps:
(1)试验获得膨润土防水毯中水化钠基膨润土的峰值剪切强度τb (1) The peak shear strength τ b of the hydrated sodium bentonite in the bentonite waterproof blanket was obtained by experiment
取GCL内部钠基膨润土进行水化饱和剪切强度试验，试验设备采用土工直剪仪，具体细节按如下过程操作：Take the sodium bentonite inside GCL for hydration saturated shear strength test. The test equipment adopts geotechnical direct shearing instrument.
1)将钠基膨润土按液限含水率配制土样；1) Prepare a soil sample with sodium bentonite according to the liquid limit moisture content;
2)将土样装入直剪仪中(如图1)，考虑到加压后的固结沉降应适当多填入膨润土试样，然后在剪切盒中加水饱和；2) Load the soil sample into the direct shearing apparatus (as shown in Figure 1). Considering the consolidation settlement after pressurization, more bentonite samples should be filled, and then add water to the shear box to saturate;
3)加压至试验压力后固结2天，或者观察沉降稳定，试验压力分别取25、50、100和200kPa；3) Consolidate for 2 days after pressurizing to the test pressure, or observe the settlement stability, the test pressure is 25, 50, 100 and 200kPa respectively;
4)剪切速率控制在0.1mm/min以下，所得应力位移关系曲线如图2所示；4) The shear rate is controlled below 0.1 mm/min, and the obtained stress-displacement relationship curve is shown in Figure 2;
5)忽略水化膨润土的黏聚力，根据试验峰值强度包线拟合得到内摩擦角φb的大小，如图3所示；5) Ignoring the cohesive force of the hydrated bentonite, the size of the internal friction angle φ b is obtained by fitting the test peak strength envelope, as shown in Figure 3;
6)任意法向压力下水化膨润土的峰值剪切强度按下式估算τb＝σn*tanφb。6) The peak shear strength of hydrated bentonite under any normal pressure is estimated by the following formula τ b =σ n *tanφ b .
(2)针刺钠基膨润土防水毯+土工膜复合衬里整体剪切峰值强度τp的确定办法(2) Method for determining the overall shear peak strength τ p of acupuncture sodium bentonite waterproof blanket + geomembrane composite lining
通过线性关系表达τp＝n*τb的简化方法来获取针刺钠基膨润土防水毯+土工膜复合衬里整体峰值剪切强度(τp)，n取1.4-1.6的常数。常数n的取值与所受法向压力有关(如图4)，最保守可取n＝1.4。The overall peak shear strength (τ p ) of the needle-punched sodium bentonite waterproof blanket + geomembrane composite lining is obtained by a simplified method of expressing τ p =n*τ b in a linear relationship, and n is a constant of 1.4-1.6. The value of the constant n is related to the normal pressure (as shown in Figure 4), and the most conservative value is n=1.4.
(3)针刺钠基膨润土防水毯+土工膜复合衬里整体残余剪切强度τr的确定办法(3) Method for determining the overall residual shear strength τ r of acupuncture sodium bentonite waterproof blanket + geomembrane composite lining
水化膨润土的残余剪切强度都代表了复合衬里剪切强度的下限，针刺钠基膨润土防水毯+土工膜复合衬里整体残余剪切强度τr按线性表达式τr＝cr+σn*tanφr计算。水化膨润土的残余强度可以采用经验强度估算，取cr＝0，φr＝5°(如图5)。The residual shear strength of the hydrated bentonite represents the lower limit of the shear strength of the composite lining. The overall residual shear strength τ r of the needle-punched sodium bentonite waterproof blanket + geomembrane composite lining is based on the linear expression τ r =c r +σ n * tanφr calculation. The residual strength of hydrated bentonite can be estimated by empirical strength, taking cr = 0 and φ r = 5° (as shown in Figure 5).
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| RU2265824C1 (en) * | 2004-04-26 | 2005-12-10 | Хрусталев Евгений Николаевич | Method of determining permissible contact strength of soil base |
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