CN107216951A - A kind of method that kitchen grease efficiently produces biodiesel - Google Patents
A kind of method that kitchen grease efficiently produces biodiesel Download PDFInfo
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- CN107216951A CN107216951A CN201710414402.XA CN201710414402A CN107216951A CN 107216951 A CN107216951 A CN 107216951A CN 201710414402 A CN201710414402 A CN 201710414402A CN 107216951 A CN107216951 A CN 107216951A
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- biodiesel
- kitchen garbage
- grease
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- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 claims description 12
- 108090001060 Lipase Proteins 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004367 Lipase Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019421 lipase Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005815 base catalysis Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000007171 acid catalysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019737 Animal fat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000589220 Acetobacter Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006911 enzymatic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanethiol Chemical compound CCS DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021393 food security Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002525 ultrasonication Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
- C11C3/04—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fats or fatty oils
- C11C3/10—Ester interchange
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/02—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/12—Refining fats or fatty oils by distillation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/64—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
- C12P7/6436—Fatty acid esters
- C12P7/649—Biodiesel, i.e. fatty acid alkyl esters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method that kitchen grease efficiently produces biodiesel, methods described comprises the following steps：S1. pre-process：Hydro-thermal process is carried out to kitchen garbage, three phase separation then is carried out to the kitchen garbage after processing；S2. preparing biodiesel from lipid：In the presence of enzyme catalyst, carry out ester exchange reaction with short chain alcohol and prepare crude biodiesel, products therefrom distillation produces refining biodiesel；Wherein, electric field is added in the S2 to be handled.The present invention selects Production by Enzymes biodiesel, and carries out electric field treatment in preparation of biodiesel, significantly improves the yield of biodiesel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of garbage disposal, in particular it relates to a kind of method that kitchen grease efficiently produces biodiesel.
Background technology
Kitchen garbage, is commonly called as hogwash, also known as swill, swill, is the sanitary waste that resident is formed during personal consumption,
Easily rot, distribute stench, spread germs and virus, kitchen garbage main component include rice and flours food residues,
Vegetables, vegetable and animals oils, meat bone etc.；Chemically say there are the compositions such as starch, cellulose, protein, lipid and inorganic salts on composition.
The kitchen grease that kitchen garbage roughing is refined, its composition and vegetable oil closely, can be former as the semi-finished product of biodiesel
Material is directly used in production.Although China be no lack of vegetable oil resource, but in view of demographic factor and Food Security, if can be with meal
It is that raw material produces biodiesel to drink waste oil, can not only reduce the amount of storage of kitchen garbage, realizing turns waste into wealth, also reduce
The production cost of biodiesel.
The method primary differentiation method and enzyme process of biodiesel are prepared at present.Wherein chemical method point acid catalysis and base catalysis；
The acid catalyzed reaction time is long, and reaction temperature is high, requires high to consersion unit；Base catalysis technique conversion rate is fast, efficiency high, but right
Raw material acid number is required, and acid number is too high to produce saponification phenomenon.Therefore, for high-acid-value material, often using a step acid catalysis
Or first acid after alkali two-step catalysis method.But there is the necessary resistance to strong acid of shortcomings such as equipment in the above method, and select the concentrated sulfuric acid
Catalysis is also easy to produce side reaction, influences product quality.
Therefore, the utilization kitchen garbage production biodiesel that a kind of yield is high, side reaction is few, low for equipment requirements is researched and developed
Method, realizes the high-value-use of kitchen garbage.
The content of the invention
Biodiesel is efficiently produced it is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of kitchen grease
Method, the present invention selects Production by Enzymes biodiesel, and carries out electric field treatment in preparation of biodiesel, significantly improves
The yield of biodiesel.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of method that kitchen grease efficiently produces biodiesel, methods described comprises the following steps：
S1. pre-process：Hydro-thermal process is carried out to kitchen garbage, three phase separation then is carried out to the kitchen garbage after processing；
S2. preparing biodiesel from lipid：In the presence of enzyme catalyst, carry out ester exchange reaction with short chain alcohol and prepare rough life
Thing diesel oil, products therefrom distillation produces refining biodiesel；
Wherein, electric field is added in the S2 to be handled.
The present invention carries out electric field treatment with right by selecting Production by Enzymes biodiesel, and in preparation of biodiesel
Reaction system is stimulated；Electric field can reduce the surface tension and atomization resistance of liquid, and alternate contact area is significantly increased,
The activation energy needed for reaction is reduced in chemical reaction, accelerates the progress of reaction.Electric field can also strengthen system disturbance, promote alternate
Mass transfer, accelerates the progress of ester exchange reaction, greatly shortens the reaction time.In addition, electric field treatment can also accelerate by-product glycerin
With the separation of biodiesel, the aftertreatment technology of biodiesel preparation is simplified.The present invention is added in biodiesel preparatory phase
Electric field is handled, and enhances ester exchange reaction, and with energy consumption is low, reaction and disengaging time shorten, promote enzymatic reaction and alkali
The progress of catalytic reaction, the effectively advantage such as lifting biodiesel production rate.
Preferably, in S2, by the crude biodiesel prepared again in the presence of base catalyst, with short chain alcohol again
Carry out ester exchange reaction.Inventor has found, after process for preparing biodiesel by enzyme, then enters one to biodiesel using base catalyst
Step carries out ester exchange reaction, can significantly improve the yield of biodiesel.
Preferably, the voltage of the electric field is the kV of 0.1 V~50, and processing time is 1 s~216h.
In the S2 of the present invention, the voltage of electric field described in the enzyme catalysis stage is 0.1~12 V, and processing time is 3
~216h；The voltage of electric field described in the base catalysis stage is 0.1V~50kV, and processing time is 1s~2h.
Sorting kitchen garbage is needed due to usually containing plastics, metal and glass etc. in kitchen garbage, before S1, except impurity elimination
Thing.Preferably, acid and/or oxygenation pretreatment are carried out to kitchen garbage described in S1.
In the S1 of the present invention, hydro-thermal process can increase the amount of precipitation of kitchen grease, and occurring ester beneficial to catalysis grease hands over
Change reaction.Preferably, in S1, the kitchen garbage after sorting is carried out after hydro-thermal process, then is carried out at ultrasonic wave and/or microwave
Reason.
Preferably, hydro-thermal process described in S1 is carried out using three-step approach：
Temperature is risen to 120~200 DEG C first, 5~100min is handled；Then temperature is risen to 200 DEG C~300 DEG C, processing 3~
20min；90 DEG C~120 DEG C are finally cooled the temperature to, 10~30min is handled.
In the present invention, in order to improve the effect of hydro-thermal process, it may be selected kitchen garbage（Livestock and poultry corpse）After broken again
Pre-processed.
Preferably, in S1, the temperature of hydro-thermal process is 90~300 DEG C, and processing time is 5~150min；The work(of ultrasonic wave
Rate is 15~1500w/L, and processing time is 5~60min；The power of microwave be 100w~2500kw, processing time be 2~
120min, treatment temperature is 90~300 DEG C.
In the present invention, the kitchen garbage before S1 three phase separations is the discharge in the way of spurting.
Preferably, the grease obtained in S2 from ozone to S1 three phase separations is pre-processed.Grease is entered using ozone
Influence of the complicated ingredient to catalyst lipase in the decomposition of organic matter in grease, reduction grease is realized in row pretreatment.
Preferably, in S2, the concentration of ozone is 5~30g/L.
Preferably, in S2, the enzyme catalyst is lipase, and the lipase is the 0.1~20% of oil quality, described
The enzyme-activity unit of lipase is 10~50000U/g；The base catalyst consumption for the crude biodiesel quality 0.1~
5%。
Preferably, in S2, short chain alcohol described in enzyme catalyst active phase and the mol ratio of grease are 5~50:1；Base catalysis
Short chain alcohol described in agent active phase and the mol ratio of grease are 1~25:1.
Preferably, in S2, the base catalyst consumption is the 0.1~5% of the crude biodiesel quality.
Preferably, the ester exchange reaction in S2 is carried out in one or more levels reactor.It is further preferable that anti-in S2
It is 20~90 DEG C to answer temperature.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
The present invention in preparation of biodiesel carries out electric field treatment to promote enzymatic anti-by Production by Enzymes biodiesel
The progress answered, significantly improves the yield of biodiesel.The method that the present invention is provided is applicable not only to kitchen grease, applies also for planting
Thing grease, animal fat, oil and fat refining leftover bits and pieces and microbial grease etc..Method side reaction that the present invention is provided is few, to equipment
It is low with ingredient requirement, with great application value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the method process chart that a kind of kitchen grease of the invention efficiently produces biodiesel.
Embodiment
With reference to Figure of description and specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.These embodiments are merely to illustrate
The present invention rather than limitation the scope of the present invention.The experimental method of unreceipted actual conditions in example below, generally according to
This area normal condition or the condition advised according to manufacturer.What those skilled in the art was done on the basis of the present invention
The change and replacement of any unsubstantiality belong to scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method that kitchen grease efficiently produces biodiesel, methods described comprises the following steps：
S1. removal of impurities is collected：Kitchen garbage is collected, the debris such as plastics, metal and glass are removed.
S2. pre-process：Kitchen garbage is subjected to hydro-thermal process, treatment temperature is 90 DEG C, processing time is 100min.
S3. three phase separation：The upper strata grease of pretreated kitchen garbage, middle water, lower floor's solid kitchen garbage are entered
Row three phase separation.
S4. grease is pre-processed：Isolated grease is pre-processed using 30g/L ozone.
S5. preparing biodiesel from lipid：By isolated 100g greases in enzyme catalyst lipase（Enzyme activity is
1000U/g, from black-koji mouldAspergillus niger, it is adaptable to one or more levels reaction）In the presence of, enter with methanol
Row ester exchange reaction prepares biodiesel, and 30 DEG C of reaction temperature is reacted 22 hours；The all stage is passed through 0.1V's to system simultaneously
Electric field, 30 min/ times；Obtained crude biodiesel.
S6. crude biodiesel is distilled, obtains refining biodiesel.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method that kitchen grease efficiently produces biodiesel, methods described comprises the following steps：
S1. removal of impurities is collected：Kitchen garbage is collected, the debris such as plastics, metal and glass are removed.
S2. pre-process：Kitchen garbage is subjected to hydro-thermal process, treatment temperature is 90 DEG C, processing time is 100min.
S3. three phase separation：The upper strata grease of pretreated kitchen garbage, middle water, lower floor's solid kitchen garbage are entered
Row three phase separation.
S4. grease is pre-processed：Isolated grease is pre-processed using 30g/L ozone.
S5. preparing biodiesel from lipid：By isolated 100g greases in catalyst lipase（Enzyme activity is 1000U/
G, from black-koji mouldAspergillus niger, it is adaptable to one or more levels reaction）In the presence of, carry out ester friendship with methanol
Change reaction and prepare biodiesel, 30 DEG C of reaction temperature is reacted 22 hours；The all stage is passed through 0.1V electric field to system simultaneously,
30 min/ times.By obtained crude biodiesel in the presence of catalyst sodium methoxide, further ester exchange is carried out with ethanol anti-
Should, 60 DEG C of reaction temperature is reacted 6 hours；The all stage is passed through 0.5 kV electric field to system simultaneously, 5 min/ times；Obtain height
Yield biodiesel.
S6. crude biodiesel is distilled, obtains refining biodiesel.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method that kitchen grease efficiently produces biodiesel, methods described comprises the following steps：
S1. removal of impurities is collected：Kitchen garbage is collected, the debris such as plastics, metal and glass are removed.
S2. pre-process：Kitchen garbage is carried out to handle 100min at three step hydro-thermal process, i.e., 120 DEG C；Then, by temperature
300 DEG C are risen to, 3 min are handled；Finally, 90 DEG C are cooled the temperature to, 30min is handled.
S3. three phase separation：Pretreated kitchen garbage is spurted to three phase separator, by upper strata grease, middle water,
Lower floor's solid kitchen garbage carries out three phase separation.
S4. grease is pre-processed：Isolated grease is pre-processed using 5g/L ozone.
S5. preparing biodiesel from lipid：By the grease after ozone pretreatment in catalyst lipase（Enzyme activity is
50000U/g, from candidiasisCandida mycoderma, it is adaptable to one or more levels reaction）In the presence of, with methanol
Carry out ester exchange reaction and prepare biodiesel, 25 DEG C of reaction temperature is reacted 24 hours；The all stage is passed through 12V to system simultaneously
Electric field, 15min/ times.By obtained crude biodiesel in the presence of catalyst sodium methoxide, further ester is carried out with ethanol
Exchange reaction, 50 DEG C of reaction temperature is reacted 5 hours；The all stage is passed through 0.1kV electric field, 10min/ times to system simultaneously；
To high yield crude biodiesel.
S6. crude biodiesel is distilled, obtains refining biodiesel.
Embodiment 4
A kind of method that kitchen grease efficiently produces biodiesel, methods described comprises the following steps：
S1. removal of impurities is collected：Poultry corpse is collected, removes and is crushed after the debris such as plastics, metal and glass.
S2. pre-process：Poultry corpse is subjected to hydro-thermal, ultrasonic wave and DEG C hydro-thermal process of microwave combined pretreatment, i.e., 200
After 5min, using 1500w/L ultrasonication 5min, then using 100w microwave treatments 120min.
S3. three phase separation：Pretreated poultry corpse is spurted to three phase separator, by upper strata animal oil after standing
Fat, middle water, lower floor's solid poultry corpse carry out three phase separation.
S4. grease is pre-processed：Isolated animal fat is pre-processed using 15g/L ozone.
S5. preparing biodiesel from lipid：By isolated grease in catalyst lipase（Enzyme activity is 5000U/g, is come
Autofluorescence pseudomonasPseudomonas fluorescens, it is adaptable to one or more levels reaction）In the presence of, enter with methanol
Row ester exchange reaction prepares biodiesel, and 35 DEG C of reaction temperature is reacted 16 hours；The all stage is passed through 1V electricity to system simultaneously
, 1min/ times.Resulting crude biodiesel carries out further ester exchange in the presence of catalyst sodium methoxide with ethanol
Reaction, 70 DEG C of reaction temperature is reacted 4 hours；The all stage is passed through 1kV electric field, 20s/ times to system simultaneously.Obtain high yield
Crude biodiesel.
S6. crude biodiesel is distilled, obtains refining biodiesel.
Comparative example 1
The method that this comparative example is provided is added without electric field in ester-exchange reaction, and other steps are substantially the same manner as Example 1.
Specifically, the method for the utilization kitchen grease production biodiesel comprises the following steps：
S1. removal of impurities is collected：Kitchen garbage is collected, the debris such as plastics, metal and glass are removed.
S2. pre-process：Kitchen garbage is subjected to hydro-thermal process, treatment temperature is 90 DEG C, processing time is 100min.
S3. three phase separation：The upper strata grease of pretreated kitchen garbage, middle water, lower floor's solid kitchen garbage are entered
Row three phase separation.
S4. grease is pre-processed：Isolated grease is pre-processed using 30g/L ozone.
S5. preparing biodiesel from lipid：By isolated 100g greases in enzyme catalyst lipase（Enzyme activity is
1000U/g, from black-koji mouldAspergillus niger, it is adaptable to one or more levels reaction）In the presence of, enter with methanol
Row ester exchange reaction prepares biodiesel, and 30 DEG C of reaction temperature is reacted 22 hours；Obtained crude biodiesel.
S6. crude biodiesel is distilled, obtains refining biodiesel.
Comparative example 2
The method that this comparative example is provided from alkaline process in addition to biodiesel is prepared, and other steps are same as Example 1, specifically
Ground, the method for the utilization kitchen grease production biodiesel comprises the following steps：
A kind of method that kitchen grease efficiently produces biodiesel, methods described comprises the following steps：
S1. removal of impurities is collected：Kitchen garbage is collected, the debris such as plastics, metal and glass are removed.
S2. pre-process：Kitchen garbage is subjected to hydro-thermal process, treatment temperature is 90 DEG C, processing time is 100min.
S3. three phase separation：The upper strata grease of pretreated kitchen garbage, middle water, lower floor's solid kitchen garbage are entered
Row three phase separation.
S4. grease is pre-processed：Isolated grease is pre-processed using 30g/L ozone.
S5. preparing biodiesel from lipid：By isolated 100g greases in the presence of catalyst sodium methoxide, with second
Alcohol carries out further ester exchange reaction, and 60 DEG C of reaction temperature is reacted 6 hours；The all stage is passed through 0.1V electricity to system simultaneously
, 30 min/ times；Obtained crude biodiesel.
S6. crude biodiesel is distilled, obtains refining biodiesel.
The yield of the various embodiments described above and the biodiesel of comparative example is measured, test result such as table 1 below.
The yield for the biodiesel that the embodiment 1~3 of table 1 and comparative example 1~2 are prepared
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that kitchen grease efficiently produces biodiesel, it is characterised in that methods described comprises the following steps：
S1. pre-process：Hydro-thermal process is carried out to kitchen garbage, three phase separation then is carried out to the kitchen garbage after processing；
S2. preparing biodiesel from lipid：In the presence of enzyme catalyst, carry out ester exchange reaction with short chain alcohol and prepare rough life
Thing diesel oil, products therefrom distillation produces refining biodiesel；
Wherein, electric field is added in the S2 to be handled.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in S2, the crude biodiesel prepared is urged in alkali again
In the presence of agent, ester exchange reaction is carried out again with short chain alcohol.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in S2, the voltage of the electric field is 0.1V~50kV, during processing
Between be 1s~216h.
4. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in S2, the voltage of electric field is described in enzyme catalyst active phase
0.1~12V, processing time is 3~216h；The voltage of electric field described in base catalyst active phase is 0.1V~50kV, during processing
Between be 1s~2h.
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that sorted in advance to the kitchen garbage in S1 and except impurity elimination
Thing；Preferably, acid and/or oxygenation pretreatment are carried out to kitchen garbage described in S1.
6. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in S2, is carried out after hydro-thermal process to the kitchen garbage after sorting,
Ultrasonic wave and/or microwave treatment are carried out again.
7. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in S2, the grease obtained from ozone to S1 three phase separations is entered
Row processing, the concentration of ozone is 5~30g/L.
8. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in S2, the enzyme catalyst is lipase, the lipase is
The 0.1~20% of oil quality, the enzyme-activity unit of the lipase is 10~50000U/g；The base catalyst consumption is described
The 0.1~5% of crude biodiesel quality.
9. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in S2, short chain alcohol described in enzyme catalyst active phase and oil
The mol ratio of fat is 5~50:1；Short chain alcohol described in the base catalysis stage and the mol ratio of grease are 1~25:1.
10. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in S1, the temperature of hydro-thermal process is 90~300 DEG C, during processing
Between be 5~150min；The power of ultrasonic wave is 15~1500w/L, and processing time is 5~60min；The power of microwave be 100w~
2500kw, processing time is 2~120min, and treatment temperature is 90~300 DEG C.
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| CN109628173A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-04-16 | 李豪 | It is a kind of using kitchen waste oil as the preparation method of the biodiesel of raw material |
| CN114606060A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-06-10 | 上海大学 | Method for efficiently recovering grease in kitchen waste with low energy consumption |
| CN115491394A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2022-12-20 | 利诚检测认证集团股份有限公司 | Sample detection pretreatment method for enzymolysis of liquid oil |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108219973A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-06-29 | 山东大学深圳研究院 | The method for preparing biodiesel using kitchen or slaughterhouse animal solid waste |
| CN108219973B (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2021-08-03 | 山东大学深圳研究院 | Method for preparing biodiesel by utilizing kitchen or slaughterhouse animal solid waste |
| CN109628173A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-04-16 | 李豪 | It is a kind of using kitchen waste oil as the preparation method of the biodiesel of raw material |
| CN114606060A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-06-10 | 上海大学 | Method for efficiently recovering grease in kitchen waste with low energy consumption |
| CN115491394A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2022-12-20 | 利诚检测认证集团股份有限公司 | Sample detection pretreatment method for enzymolysis of liquid oil |
| CN115491394B (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2024-03-19 | 利诚检测认证集团股份有限公司 | Sample detection pretreatment method for enzymatic hydrolysis liquid grease |
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