CN107216226A - A kind of composition and its application method, purposes for being used to nurse one's health cadmium pollution selenium-rich soil - Google Patents
A kind of composition and its application method, purposes for being used to nurse one's health cadmium pollution selenium-rich soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN107216226A CN107216226A CN201710523580.6A CN201710523580A CN107216226A CN 107216226 A CN107216226 A CN 107216226A CN 201710523580 A CN201710523580 A CN 201710523580A CN 107216226 A CN107216226 A CN 107216226A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B13/00—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
- C05B13/02—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials from rock phosphates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/08—Aluminium compounds, e.g. aluminium hydroxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of composition and its application method, application for being used to nurse one's health cadmium pollution selenium-rich soil, and the composition is made up of following composition：Biomass carbon；Bentonite；Calcium magnesium phosphate.The present invention can efficiently control the content of cadmium in the activity of cadmium in soil, reduction paddy rice using biomass carbon, bentonite and the calcium magnesium phosphate of the productions such as agricultural wastes ramulus mori, while producing the natural selenium-rich rice for meeting national standard.Composition of the present invention prepare it is with low cost, it is environment-friendly, the reparation and regulation and control of cadmium pollution selenium-rich soil can be applied to.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to remediation contaminated soil technical field, more particularly to a kind of group for being used to nurse one's health cadmium pollution selenium-rich soil
Compound and its application method, purposes.
Background technology
With the fast development of China's economy, heavy metal pollution of soil problem is increasingly serious, and it is mainly derived from industrial or agricultural
Production and communications and transportation etc..Production and life influence of the heavy metal pollution of soil on people are huge, not only because it directly contributes grain
Eat the underproduction and bring economic loss, and heavy metal transmits final harmful to human through the media such as water, air, plant or food chain and is good for
Health.In the soil of China's heavy metal pollution, the situation of cadmium pollution is quite serious.Cadmium enter human body after, can cause itai-itai,
Kidney failure, infringement nervous system and carcinogenic；And selenium is as the essential trace elements of the human body, its antagonism and detoxication to cadmium are
Confirmed by Science Institute, corresponding selenium-enriched food has also generally been approved for people to the healthcare function of human body, so selenium-rich is eaten
It is valuable agricultural resource that product, which produce relied on selenium-rich soil,.However, the limited selenium-rich soil of China equally exists cadmium pollution
Problem, has had a strong impact on effective utilization in these soils.
At present, administering the technology of heavy metal pollution of soil includes engineering technology, physical chemistry Treatment process, biological prosthetic skill
Art and Agro-ecology recovery technique etc., specific implementation include soil moved in improve the original, electrochemical rehabilitation method, chemical leaching, conditioning in situ
Reparation, phytoremediation etc..These technologies have respective advantage, but its shortcoming also governs its popularization and application, such as soil moved in improve the original
Method cost is too high, it is difficult to applied to pollution in wide area soil；Electrochemical rehabilitation fado is experimental study, can not still be carried out extensive
Field repair；Chemical leaching method can produce larger to soil property, and there is the risk of secondary pollution；Phytoremediation technology is imitated
Rate is too low, generally requires the repair process of many decades.Compared with these soil remediation methods, in-situ passivation reparation is with its operation letter
Singly, cost is low, be valued by people suitable for the reparation of large area soil, and this method is mainly by lowering a huge sum of money in soil
The biological effectiveness of category can be realized in agricultural production and administered in production, therefore especially fit to reduce the uptake of plant
For the China's national situation having a large population and a few land.
Traditional in-situ passivation recovery technique mainly application lime, the inorganic chemistry conditioner such as phosphate, although can be with
The biological effectiveness of heavy metal is effectively reduced, but larger, resiliency is influenceed on physicochemical properties such as soil pH, unit weight, aggregates
Can be poor, therefore various organic matters are also used for soil in-situ reparation.Biomass carbon is that the soil received much concern in the last few years is repaiied
Multiple material, its raw materials for production is the biomass such as agricultural wastes, sludge, wide material sources, and itself have larger surface area and
Abundant negative electrical charge, and containing multiple elements such as carbon, nitrogen, sulphur, heavy metal and increase soil nutrient content can be fixed.But,
Biomass carbon needs larger consumption effectively to reduce the validity of heavy metal when being used alone, and which increase soil remediation
Cost and workload, make its improvement for being applied to pollution in wide area soil receive a definite limitation.
It would therefore be highly desirable to develop selenium-rich soil of the soil conditioner efficient, cheap, small on farmland quality influence to cadmium pollution
Administered, it is ensured that the safety of crops, while production meets the Se-rich farm products of national standard, realize the effective of selenium-rich soil
Utilize.
The content of the invention
It is environment-friendly it is an object of the invention to solve defect that above-mentioned prior art is present there is provided one kind is with low cost,
The composition and its application method of the conditioning of cadmium pollution selenium-rich soil can be applied to, and for producing natural selenium-rich rice.It is logical
Soil can be efficiently controlled using biomass carbon, bentonite and the calcium magnesium phosphate of the productions such as agricultural wastes ramulus mori by crossing the present invention
The content of cadmium in the activity of middle cadmium, reduction paddy rice, while keeping the Se content in rice.
A kind of composition for being used to nurse one's health cadmium pollution selenium-rich soil, the composition is made up of following composition：
Biomass carbon；
Bentonite；
Calcium magnesium phosphate.
Further, composition as described above, the biomass carbon is by the agricultural wastes collected, scalping removal soil
After grit, drying and coarse crushing, 1-2h generations are pyrolyzed under 400-600 DEG C of oxygen free condition, its carbon content is about 55-
65%.The raw materials for production of the biomass carbon are the higher agricultural wastes of content of lignin, such as ramulus mori, wood chip, fuel wood.
If the pyrolysis temperature of biomass carbon is less than 400 DEG C, pyrogenous origin product specific surface area is smaller, and pollutant is inhaled
Attached ability is weaker；Temperature is higher than 600 DEG C, and the yield of biomass carbon can be decreased obviously, and wherein the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon can be raised.
Pyrolysis time is controlled at 1-2 hours or so, and its yield of overlong time can also decline.Produced according to above method, it is balanced
Biomass carbon performance and cost.
Further, composition as described above, the mass percentage content of its active ingredient of calcium magnesium phosphate is：
P2O5Content 15-18%, CaO content 30-50%, water-soluble SiO2Content 25-30%, content of MgO 5-15%.
Further, composition as described above, wherein the mass percentage content of each composition is：
Biomass carbon 60-90%；
Bentonite 5-35%；
Calcium magnesium phosphate 0.5-5%.
Further, composition as described above, wherein the component is by the way that each composition is fully mixed in proportion
Crush what is obtained after even.
Further, composition as described above, wherein the fineness of each composition is 100 mesh.
The application method of composition as described above, including：It is manured into soil, fills in soil dry weight 0.25%-2% ratio
Divide and mix.
Specifically, ratio used in the composition is relevant with the content of soil property and cadmium, soil pH is more than 6, and cadmium is dense
Degree can use small amount (0.25%-1%) in below 0.5mg/kg；Soil pH<6, and cadmium concentration is higher, should increase use
Amount.General addition can reach the application purpose to be reached for 0.25%-2%, very few effectively to control in rice
The content of cadmium, can excessively increase soil remediation cost, and soil phosphorus content may be too high, influences crop growth.
Further, the application method of composition as described above, before rice transplanting 3-7 days in advance by the composition
It is manured into soil, so as to ensure that composition is fully contacted with soil, strengthens repairing effect.
Composition as described above is administering the purposes of cadmium pollution selenium-rich soil.
Beneficial effect：
(1) repairing effect is good.The present invention is added in selenium-rich agricultural land soil to reduce the biological effectiveness of cadmium to be a kind of
Conditioning agent, containing Multiple components, can properly increase soil pH, pass through a variety of effect capture cadmium ions such as absorption, precipitation, reduction
Its risk migrated to bad border around, for the soil of mild or moderate cadmium pollution, can effectively reduce the content of cadmium in paddy rice, it is to avoid
The generation of " cadmium rice ".
(2) soil remediation cost is low.The composition of the present invention is matched somebody with somebody using biomass carbon, bentonite and calcium magnesium phosphate combination
Side, the fixed effect for producing Synergistic that the mode that this organic and inorganic coordinates can be to cadmium.Before repairing effect identical
Put, compared with biomass carbon is used alone in the prior art, its consumption have dropped 25-50%, greatly reduce rehabilitation cost.
(3) it is environment-friendly.The present invention, as the raw materials for production of biomass carbon, takes full advantage of agriculture waste using ramulus mori
Thing, protects rural environment.And the component composition of organic and inorganic cooperation enhances the buffering of soil while cost is reduced
Property, it is to avoid the excessive variation of soil property；And soil organic matter content is improved, structural improvement, a variety of members in composition
Element can promote paddy growth as plant nutrient, improve rice yield.
(4) safe utilization of light moderate cadmium pollution selenium-rich soil is realized.The composition of the present invention can controlled effectively
In paddy rice while cadmium content, the contents level of selenium in rice is kept, the natural richness for meeting national food hygienic standard is produced
Selenium rice, realizes effective, the safe utilization of selenium-rich soil.
(5) it is simple to operate, easily promote.The composition of the present invention need to only carry out applying soil during ploughing soil before rice transplanting
Earth is mixed and can played a role, and the normal production of agricultural is not influenceed, the reparation in pollution in wide area farmland is particularly suitable for use in.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 (a) is the schematic diagram that composition influences with soil incorporation time on cadmium bio-available Zn concentration in T1 culture experiments；
Fig. 1 (b) is the schematic diagram that composition influences with soil incorporation time on cadmium bio-available Zn concentration in T2 culture experiments；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that composition influences on soil pH in field test；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that composition influences on brown rice cadmium content in field test；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that composition influences on brown rice Se content in field test；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that composition influences on rice yield in field test.
Embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below technical scheme in the present invention carry out it is clear
Chu, it is fully described by, it is clear that described embodiment is a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1：
Ramulus mori is concentrated and cleared up, soil and grit is removed, it is hot under 400-600 DEG C of oxygen free condition after drying, coarse crushing
Solution generation biomass carbon, with ball mill precomminution.It is respectively 60%, 35% and 5% by biomass carbon, swelling according to part by weight
Native (Sichuan Province Santai County brilliance bentonite Co., Ltd) and commercially available calcium magnesium phosphate (P2O5Content 18%, CaO content 40% is water-soluble
Property SiO2Content 25%, content of MgO 8%) mixed, it is standby to cross 100 mesh sieves after fully mixing.According to the actual feelings of soil
Condition, the consumption of composition is the 0.25%-0.5% of dry ground weight, is mixed into soil within 3-7 days before rice growing.
Embodiment 2：
Ramulus mori is concentrated and cleared up, soil and grit is removed, it is hot under 400-600 DEG C of oxygen free condition after drying, coarse crushing
Solution generation biomass carbon, with ball mill precomminution.It is respectively 80%, 15% and 5% by biomass carbon, swelling according to part by weight
Native (Sichuan Province Santai County brilliance bentonite Co., Ltd) and commercially available calcium magnesium phosphate (P2O5Content 18%, CaO content 40% is water-soluble
Property SiO2Content 25%, content of MgO 8%) mixed, it is standby to cross 100 mesh sieves after fully mixing.According to the actual feelings of soil
Condition, the consumption of composition is the 0.5%-1.5% of dry ground weight, is mixed into soil within 3-7 days before rice growing.
Embodiment 3：
Ramulus mori is concentrated and cleared up, soil and grit is removed, it is hot under 400-600 DEG C of oxygen free condition after drying, coarse crushing
Solution generation biomass carbon, with ball mill precomminution.It is respectively 90%, 8% and 2% by biomass carbon, swelling according to part by weight
Native (Sichuan Province Santai County brilliance bentonite Co., Ltd) and commercially available calcium magnesium phosphate (P2O5Content 18%, CaO content 40% is water-soluble
Property SiO2Content 25%, content of MgO 8%) mixed, it is standby to cross 100 mesh sieves after fully mixing.According to the actual feelings of soil
Condition, the consumption of composition is the 1%-2% of dry ground weight, is mixed into soil within 3-7 days before rice growing.
Embodiment 4：
Ramulus mori is concentrated and cleared up, soil and grit is removed, it is hot under 400-600 DEG C of oxygen free condition after drying, coarse crushing
Solution generation biomass carbon, with ball mill precomminution.It is respectively 60%, 35% and 0.5% by biomass carbon, swollen according to part by weight
Profit native (Sichuan Province Santai County brilliance bentonite Co., Ltd) and commercially available calcium magnesium phosphate (P2O5Content 12%, CaO content 25%, water
Dissolubility SiO2Content 30%, content of MgO 10%) mixed, it is standby to cross 100 mesh sieves after fully mixing.According to the reality of soil
Situation, the consumption of composition is the 0.25%-0.5% of dry ground weight, is mixed into soil within 3-7 days before rice growing.
Embodiment 5：
Ramulus mori is concentrated and cleared up, soil and grit is removed, it is hot under 400-600 DEG C of oxygen free condition after drying, coarse crushing
Solution generation biomass carbon, with ball mill precomminution.It is respectively 60%, 5% and 5% by biomass carbon, swelling according to part by weight
Native (Sichuan Province Santai County brilliance bentonite Co., Ltd) and commercially available calcium magnesium phosphate (P2O5Content 16%, CaO content 30% is water-soluble
Property SiO2Content 20%, content of MgO 5%) mixed, it is standby to cross 100 mesh sieves after fully mixing.According to the actual feelings of soil
Condition, the consumption of composition is the 0.25%-0.5% of dry ground weight, is mixed into soil within 3-7 days before rice growing.
Embodiment 6：
Composition is with soil incorporation time to Cadmium in Soil availability influence
Gather pedotheque (numbering is T1 and T2) respectively in the farmland of certain two places cadmium pollution, its cadmium total amount is respectively
0.35mg/kg and 0.98mg/kg, Se content is respectively 0.51mg/kg and 0.58mg/kg.Composition prepared by embodiment 1-3
(numbering is composition 1, composition 2, composition 3) adds soil according to the 0.25% of soil dry weight, 1% and 2% respectively and mixed
Close uniform, regulation soil moisture content is 70% field capacity, cultivated 1-7 days at 25 DEG C, extracted with 0.01M calcium chloride solutions
Soil after culture, calculates cadmium bio-available Zn concentration in soil.Fig. 1 shows, with the extension of incorporation time, and several compositions make
Cadmium bio-available Zn concentration in soil declines, and cadmium bio-available Zn concentration declines by a big margin in first 3 days, basically reaches total rate of descent
70-95%, at the 5th or 6 day, cadmium bio-available Zn concentration was basicly stable in two kinds of soil.So from repairing effect and the side of efficiency two
Face considers that composition is mixed into soil can substantially achieve the purpose of control bioavailability of cadmium for 3-7 days.
Embodiment 7：
Polluted agricultural land repairing test
To investigate the practical effect of composition, the present embodiment carries out field examination in the Cd-polluted farmland where T1 and T2
Test, experimental plot area is respectively 560m2And 480m2, pH is respectively 5.86 and 5.95.Composition prepared by embodiment 1-5 (is compiled
Number be composition 1-5) respectively according to the 0.25% of soil dry weight, 1%, 2%, 0.25%, 0.25% add soil, entered with agricultural machinery
Row is turned over, and it is uniformly mixed with topsoil.Start rice transplanting after 3 days, Rice Cropping process with locality production be accustomed into
After row field management, harvest, cadmium and Se content in soil pH, brown rice, and rice yield are determined.As shown in Figure 2,5 kinds of compositions
Add pH after soil all to increase, two kinds of soil are changed into close to neutral, the content reduction of cadmium in corresponding brown rice by acidity
In 40%-70% or so (Fig. 3), experimental plot T1 brown rice cadmium content be below 0.2mg/kg national standard (《GB2762-
2012 national food safety standard pollutants in food are limited the quantity》), also all meet Codex Alimentary Commission's standard in T2
《Pollutant and the toxin universal standard in CODEX STAN 193-1995 food and feed》(cadmium content is no more than 0.4mg/kg).
As shown in figure 4,5 kinds of compositions maintain Se content in Se content level, all rice while cadmium content in reducing paddy rice
All reach《GB/T 22499-2008 selenium-rich paddy》Specified in standard (0.04-0.3mg/kg).As shown in figure 5,5 kinds of groups
Compound does not all influence the yield of paddy rice, and yield increased.Contrasted from the experimental result of composition 1,4 and 5, calcium and magnesium
P in phosphate fertilizer2O5, CaO and SiO2On The Experimental Results of The Content influence is obvious, in composition 4 and 5 one kind of three of the above material or
Several contents are less than the requirement of the application, compared with the treatment effect of composition 1, and its rice quality produced and yield decline.
This example, which is tied up under the actual tillage condition in farmland, to be carried out, and result of the test shows that composition can be controlled effectively in soil
The validity of cadmium, and output meets the selenium-rich rice of national standard, realizes effective profit of the selenium-rich soil of mild or moderate cadmium pollution
With, demonstrate the present invention applicability.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those within the art that：It still may be used
To be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitution is carried out to which part technical characteristic；
And these modification or replace, do not make appropriate technical solution essence depart from various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme spirit and
Scope.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of composition for being used to nurse one's health cadmium pollution selenium-rich soil, it is characterised in that the composition is made up of following composition：
Biomass carbon；
Bentonite；
Calcium magnesium phosphate.
2. composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the biomass carbon is by the agricultural wastes collected, slightly
Weed out except after soil and grit, drying and coarse crushing, 1-2h generations are pyrolyzed under 400-600 DEG C of oxygen free condition.
3. composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the mass percent of the calcium magnesium phosphate active ingredient contains
Measure and be：P2O5Content 15-18%, CaO content 30-50%, water-soluble SiO2Content 25-30%, content of MgO 5-15%.
4. composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the mass percentage content of wherein each composition is：
Biomass carbon 60-90%；
Bentonite 5-35%；
Calcium magnesium phosphate 0.5-5%.
5. the composition according to claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that wherein described component is by by each composition
Carry out crushing what is obtained after fully mixing in proportion.
6. composition according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the fineness of wherein each composition is 100 mesh.
7. the application method of composition according to claim 6, it is characterised in that including：By soil dry weight 0.25%-
2% ratio is manured into soil, and fully mixes.
8. the application method of composition according to claim 7, it is characterised in that in advance will for 3-7 days before rice transplanting
The composition is manured into soil.
9. purposes of the composition according to claim 8 in cadmium pollution selenium-rich soil is administered.
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| CN109369285A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2019-02-22 | 湖南永清环保研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of conditioner and its application suitable for neutral and alkali soil heavy metal cadmium |
| CN110746976A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-02-04 | 北京乾景园林股份有限公司 | Soil remediation agent for passivating soil heavy metals and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113149784A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-07-23 | 四川省地质调查院 | Conditioner for conditioning acid selenium-rich high-cadmium soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN113973644A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-28 | 贵州省土壤肥料研究所(贵州省生态农业工程技术研究中心)(贵州省农业资源与环境研究所) | Low-cadmium selenium-rich dictyophora textilis planting method |
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| CN110746976A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-02-04 | 北京乾景园林股份有限公司 | Soil remediation agent for passivating soil heavy metals and preparation method thereof |
| CN111575031A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-08-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for preparing biochar and improving white serous soil by utilizing mulberry or perennial jasmine branches |
| CN113149784A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-07-23 | 四川省地质调查院 | Conditioner for conditioning acid selenium-rich high-cadmium soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN113973644A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-28 | 贵州省土壤肥料研究所(贵州省生态农业工程技术研究中心)(贵州省农业资源与环境研究所) | Low-cadmium selenium-rich dictyophora textilis planting method |
| CN113973644B (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-11-01 | 贵州省土壤肥料研究所(贵州省生态农业工程技术研究中心)(贵州省农业资源与环境研究所) | Low-cadmium selenium-rich dictyophora textilis planting method |
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Application publication date: 20170929 |