CN1072089C - Grinding/polishing method, grinding/polishing tool and manufacturing method of the same - Google Patents
Grinding/polishing method, grinding/polishing tool and manufacturing method of the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN1072089C CN1072089C CN95120260A CN95120260A CN1072089C CN 1072089 C CN1072089 C CN 1072089C CN 95120260 A CN95120260 A CN 95120260A CN 95120260 A CN95120260 A CN 95120260A CN 1072089 C CN1072089 C CN 1072089C
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Abstract
The invention provides a grinding-polishing tool by which a work object such as a lens can be ground and polished with high accuracy without reducing an operation rate of a machine and without increasing cost of the machine. Therefor the invention provides a type of almost columned grinding-polishing tool to grind and polish a work raw material by swinging a polishing surface around the center of curvature of a spherical surface shape after a spherical surface-shaped polishing surface corresponding to this spherical surface shape is contacted with a surface of the work raw material when the surface of the work raw material is worked in a spherical surface shape, a diameter of the outer peripheral edge of the polishing surface is made to almost coincide with an outside diameter of the grinding-polishing tool.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of grinding/finishing method, grinding/polishing tool and manufacture method thereof that is used for processing spherical lens that for example camera, video camera etc. use as the sphere workpiece of representative.
For high accuracy, the curved surface of processing optical element such as lens at low cost, for example known a kind of method, wherein, grinding stone with curved surface opposite with required curved surface is rotated, force as the lens of workpiece burnishing surface against grinding stone, in some cases, instrument or workpiece are vibrated along lapped face, thus the processing lens.This method is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication text 64-45557 number.
But in above-mentioned commonsense method, in a large amount of lens process, the shape of workpiece can change.Therefore, must shut down, perhaps must measure the shape of lens automatically and make the vibrational state of grinding stone bear the reaction type correction to change the vibrational state of grinding stone.Because this can reduce the utilization rate of machine, thereby cost is increased.Also make polishing machine become expensive in addition.
The present invention is intended to overcome the problems referred to above, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of grinding/polishing tool and a kind of grinding/finishing method, and it is used for grinding accurately the price that does not reduce the utilization rate of machine and increase machine with polishing workpiece such as lens.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of manufacturing can grind method with the grinding/polishing tool of polishing accurately
In order to overcome the problems referred to above and to realize above-mentioned purpose, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a kind of grinding/Throwing optical tool that has as the workpiece of the sphere of work surface that is used to grind and polish is provided, wherein, the burnishing surface that is used for to be processed of polishing workpiece forms on a cylindrical end face, the external diameter of burnishing surface set with cylindrical diameter basically identical, described cylinder has a peripheral part, applies a kind of material more thin-skinned than described polishing on it.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a kind of grinding/polishing tool that has as the workpiece of to be processed sphere that is used to grind and polish is provided, wherein, diamond abrasive grain and metal material or resin sinter cylinder into as main component, and the sphere corresponding to be processed of workpiece is processed in this cylindrical end.
According to the present invention, a kind of method that has as the workpiece of to be processed sphere that is used to grind and polish is provided, wherein, the sphere of workpiece relatively is placed on the burnishing surface of grinding/polishing tool, described burnishing surface forms on a cylindrical end face, the external diameter of described burnishing surface set with cylindrical diameter basically identical, described cylinder has a peripheral part, applies a kind of material more thin-skinned than described polishing on it.Described cylinder rotates around its axis, forces workpiece to be resisted against on the cylindrical burnishing surface, and in some cases, instrument or workpiece vibrate along burnishing surface, thereby grinds and polishing workpiece.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, a kind of manufacture method of grinding/polishing tool also is provided, it is used to be manufactured on the grinding/polishing tool that has spherical burnishing surface on the cylindrical end face, this manufacture method comprises that the end face by sphere processing column body forms the burnishing surface formation step of burnishing surface, adhere to a kind of material more thin-skinned around described cylinder, and be that benchmark is processed into cylindrical outer circumference surface and has the cylindrical surface that above-mentioned axis is the center with the axis of the sphere of burnishing surface than described polishing.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a kind of grinding/polishing tool manufacture method also is provided, it is used to be manufactured on grinding/polishing tool that a spherical polishing face is arranged on the cylindrical end face, this method comprises that the external periphery of processing column makes it have the outer circumference surface procedure of processing of the not cylindricity of the predetermined value of being no more than, with cylindrical axis is benchmark, processing is the burnishing surface forming step of the spherical polishing face at center in the above-mentioned axis of having of cylinder end face, and adheres to a kind of material more thin-skinned than described polishing around described cylinder.
Those skilled in the art is according to below the preferred embodiment of describing obviously being appreciated that except that top other purpose and advantage having described.To contrast the following drawings below and describe example of the present invention, however this example and incomplete summary various embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 1 represents the grinding/polishing tool according to one embodiment of the invention, and the processing method of using this instrument;
Fig. 2 represents common used spill grinding stone;
The state of wear of the grinding stone of Fig. 3 presentation graphs 2;
Fig. 4 represents when using the instrument of the embodiment of the invention, the state of wear of grinding stone
Fig. 5 is the sectional side view of the grinding/polishing tool of the foregoing description;
Fig. 6 represents a kind of convex grinding stone;
Fig. 7 is illustrated in and forms a cross recessed grinding stone on its curved surface;
The wearing and tearing of the grinding/polishing grindstone of Fig. 8 presentation graphs 6;
Fig. 9 represents the manufacture method of the instrument of Figure 4 and 5 illustrated embodiment;
Figure 10 represents with the curvature variation of the lens of processing continuously of grinding stone shown in Fig. 2 and 4;
The view of Figure 11 is used to illustrate that the grinding stone outer peripheral portion is easy to form the reason of recess;
Figure 12 is illustrated in the recess that forms on the outer peripheral portion of grinding stone;
Figure 13 is illustrated in notch part and acts on power on glass;
Figure 14 represents the shape of the common grinding stone that upper and lower diameter is different;
Figure 15 A and 15B are the profiles that expression grinding/polishing tool is arranged;
Figure 16 A and 16B represent to grind/wear process of polishing tool;
Figure 17 A to 17D represents to grind/step of an example of polishing tool manufacture method;
Figure 18 represents to be used to make the layout of major part of the lathe of grinding/polishing tool;
Figure 19 represents to use grinding/polishing tool to process an example of the polishing machine of lens;
Figure 20 A to 20D represents to grind/step of another example of polishing tool manufacture method;
Figure 21 is illustrated in the layout of the pith of making the curved surface generator that uses in the grinding/polishing tool;
Figure 22 A and 22B represent the shape of common grinding/polishing tool;
Form shown in Figure 23 represents to use the measurement result of a kind of three-dimensional measuring apparatus to four kinds of instruments, and these results comprise the circularity and the non-cylindricity of outside cylinder part, and the malalignment between excircle part and the land portions; And
Figure 24 A and 24B are the profiles of other example arrangement of grinding/polishing tool.
Now contrast accompanying drawing and describe preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Before describing preferred embodiment, at first the present invention is summarized.
(first embodiment)
Relevant with the present invention, once the accumulation number of processing work and the relation between workpiece such as the lens shape variation were carried out research.For the lens that are shaped and have constant curvature radius continuously, the half-open spacious angle that has been found that forming tool is very important.That is to say, have been found that the high accuracy of tool radius and be very important at the regional no change of tool processes effect.
On the other hand, shown in Figure 22 A or 22B, a forming tool has a cylindrical part, and its diameter is different with the diameter of the excircle part of burnishing surface, perhaps in the forming tool, the excircle of the land portions of instrument part is cut or chamfered edge on the direction perpendicular to the pivot center of polishing disk; In above-mentioned forming tool, when a large amount of lens of processing, and instrument is worn and radius of curvature when remaining unchanged, and the diameter of land portions changes with the wearing and tearing of instrument, that is, the half-open spacious angle of land portions can change.Therefore, the radius of curvature of processed lens can not keep constant.
Further describe the instrument among Figure 22 A and the 22B below.The initial diameter of supposing initial curvature radius and outer peripheral edges is respectively R1 and d1, along with the wearing and tearing of instrument, radius of curvature be changed to R1 → R2 → R3, the outer peripheral edges diameter variation is d1 → d2 → d3.At this moment, if radius of curvature R 1, R2 and R3 are almost constant, and so, outer peripheral edges diameter d 1 will reduce gradually in cd2 and the d3 convex instrument in Figure 22 A, and will increase gradually in the spill instrument in Figure 22 B.Therefore, in the above two kinds of cases, the zone of the forming tool that work in-process works can change, thereby the radius of curvature of processed lens is different mutually easily.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, grinding stone 1 is processed to have the radius R 1 that needs until its most peripheral part d1, and the grinding stone 1 that is obtained is used.Even when grinding stone 1 wearing and tearing, its polishing area does not change, but stable, thereby has reduced the variation of machining shape.Just can keep stable processing as long as revise (outwards sending grinding stone to) according to the wear extent of grinding stone 1.Figure 10 represents the variation of curvature lens shape obtained when using Fig. 2 to process 200 lens with the grinding stone 1 ' shown in 4 and 1 continuously under identical processing conditions.In lens with common grinding stone 1 ' processing shown in Figure 2, Δ h becomes on the occasion of (radius of curvature of convex lens is little).In contrast, in the lens with grinding stone 1 processing shown in Figure 4, radius of curvature does not have to change substantially.
Layout above using has been kept the stable of machining shape.
The grinding stone as grinding/polishing tool according to one embodiment of the invention will be described in detail in detail below.
Fig. 1 represents feature of the present invention, and wherein, grinding stone 1 is used for processing the convex workpiece, and its anchor clamps 3 and 4 have drawn among the figure.
Fig. 2 represents the shape of convex workpiece and the shape of common grinding stone.Fig. 5 represents the grinding stone shape and the layout of present embodiment when processing convex workpiece.Fig. 3 represents the variation in the common grinding stone 1 ' wear process when workpiece is convex, and Fig. 4 represents the variation in the wear process of grinding stone 1 of present embodiment when workpiece is spill.Fig. 7 represents the grinding stone shown in Figure 41 that (from the burnishing surface of grinding stone) looks from the top.
Now consult Fig. 1 to 7.Label 2 representatives are as glass, metal or the similar material of workpiece.Label 1 representative is used to grind with polishing workpiece 2 makes it have the grinding stone of the radius of curvature R of needs.The part (burnishing surface) of the grinding stone 1 that is used to process has the radius of curvature R opposite with required radius of curvature (when workpiece was convex, grinding stone was a spill).The radius of curvature center of grinding stone 1 is coaxial with the center of the outside diameter d 1 of grinding stone 1.For example, as shown in Figure 9, a unfinished grinding stone 1 is fixing by the scroll chuck 10 of lathe, and around axes O
rDirection with arrow e is rotated.Then, a cutting edge is along the O that parallels to the axis
rThe direction of arrow f send to, thereby the outside diameter d 1 of processing grinding stone 1.Keep adjusting a cup wheel 12 when the e direction is rotated when chuck 10 keeps gripping orientations and grinding stone 1, make the radius of curvature R that on the end face of grinding stone 1, can form needs.Cup wheel 12 promptly rotates on the direction of arrow G around its axis, thereby in axes O
rDirection on the cutting grinding stone 1.Grinding stone 1 is processed by this way, makes its outside diameter d 1 and the center of curvature become coaxial.
Label 1d represents a back-up coat.It is used to increase the intensity (preventing recess) of the marginal portion 1C of grinding stone 1.Back-up coat 1 uses the material softer than grinding stone 1, thereby can the processing of workpiece not had a negative impact.
Back-up coat is owing to following reason is provided with around grinding stone 1.When processing when having the burnishing surface of predetermined curvature as shown in Figure 9, a grinding force, an overlap joint pressure etc. with X on the marginal portion 1C that acts on grinding stone 1, as shown in figure 11.At this moment, if there is not back-up coat 1d, the angle that is formed by the outer circumference surface of the tangential and grinding stone 1 of sphere abradant surface becomes θ, that is, become less than 180 °, forms recess easily on the 1C of marginal portion, as shown in figure 12.In contrast, when being provided with back-up coat 1d, because the upper surface of back-up coat 1d constitutes the extended surface of abradant surface, grinding force is accepted by a surface that surpasses 180 ° of extensions, thereby has increased the mechanical strength of marginal portion 1C.Therefore, even acting on the marginal portion of grinding stone 1, grinding force, overlap joint pressure etc. also be difficult for forming recess.
If on the 1C of the marginal portion of grinding stone 1, have recess, so, on lens, can act on a high pressure on the notch part, as shown in figure 13, thereby damage lens.Therefore, as in the present embodiment, back-up coat 1d is set for preventing that lens damages from being highly effective around grinding stone 1.
In addition, when forming a cross recess on the burnishing surface of grinding stone 1, recess forms on the 1C of the marginal portion of grinding stone 1 easily.Set up back-up coat 1d to preventing that this recess from also being effective around grinding stone 1.
The surface configuration of back-up coat 1d is the extended surface of curved surface of the burnishing surface of grinding stone 1.When grinding or polish lens, lens are along the sphere vibration of grinding stone.Then, lens 2 main sometimes outside the scope of grinding stone 1 side shifting.At this moment, make the moment forces of separating act on easily on the lens 2, and a big masterpiece is used on the marginal portion of grinding stone with grinding stone.Therefore on the marginal portion of grinding stone, form recess easily, thereby damage lens easily.In contrast, when setting up back-up coat 1d, above-mentioned moment forces is born by the marginal portion of back-up coat 1d.Therefore, the marginal portion of grinding stone 1 is protected, and is difficult for forming recess on the grinding stone thereby make.
Use a kind of two parts mixed type epoxy adhesive (Aradite) that Japanese Ciba-Geigy Co., Ltd. produces as back-up coat 1d at present embodiment.Two kinds of liquid are mixed, stir, the mixture that obtains is coated in the thickness that forms about 1mm on the side of grinding stone 1.Make grinding stone keep a few hours in this state,, thereby form back-up coat 1d so that epoxy adhesive is hardened fully.
A concrete instance is described below, and wherein, lens are to use the grinding stone 1 of processing in the above described manner to grind.
At first, convex lens are to grind formation under the following conditions:
Grind the radius of curvature 10.005mm of front lens blank
Grind front lens blank axial width 6.100mm
Grinding stone abradant surface radius of curvature 10.000mm
Cylinder grinding stone diameter phi 17mm
3000 rev/mins of grinding stone rotating speeds
Milling time 60 seconds
Abrasive type diamond (granularity 8-15 μ m)
The liquid water of feed in the grinding
The radius of curvature 10.000mm of polished lens
Grind rear lens axial width 6.050mm (allowance 50 μ m)
Before the surface roundness of lens is ground: 5 μ m
Grind the back: 1 μ m
Use the grinding stone 1 of present embodiment to grind 200 lens under these conditions.As shown in figure 10, do not have substantially to change through the observation radius of curvature.
In the above-described embodiments, description is the situation of grinding and polishing convex lens.But the present invention is equally applicable to grind and the polishing concavees lens.
More particularly, grinding and during the polishing concavees lens sometimes, use common, for example shown in Figure 14, the different grinding stones of upper and lower diameter d 1 with d2.Under this sharp situation, owing to the wearing and tearing along with grinding stone 1 of the effective coverage of grinding/polished surface change, thereby form accuracy is unsettled.Therefore, when grinding and polishing this concavees lens,, as shown in Figure 6, can prevent the variation of lens radius of curvature so if make the upper diameter d1 of grinding stone equal the lower diameter d 2 of grinding stone.
The situation of grinding concavees lens is described below.
Grind the radius of curvature 24.990mm of front lens blank
Grind the axial width 6.050mm of front lens blank
The radius of curvature 25.000mm of grinding stone abradant surface
The diameter phi 50mm of cylinder grinding stone
3000 rev/mins of the rotating speeds of grinding stone
Milling time 60 seconds
Abrasive type diamond (granularity 8-15 μ m)
The liquid water of feed in grinding
Grind the radius of curvature 25.000mm of rear lens
Grind the axial width 6.000mm (allowance 50 μ m) of rear lens
Before the surface roundness of lens is ground: 5 μ m
Grind the back: 1 μ m
As mentioned above, can obtain following effect according to present embodiment.
1. even s-bone wear, the zone that grinding stone is used to process do not change yet.Therefore can keep stable processing (grinding/polishing performance and form accuracy).
2. owing on the outer circumference surface of grinding stone, form mantle, thereby in processing grinding stone curved surface or similar processing, can avoid on the grinding stone marginal portion, forming recess, and generally can produce this recess when forming the cross recess of grinding stone in the past, so work in-process can avoid damaging lens.
Figure 15 A and 15B are the profile of expression according to the layout of the grinding/polishing tool of the second embodiment of the present invention.
More particularly, Figure 15 A represents to have the grinding/polishing tool 25 of protruding sphere, Figure 15 B represents to have the grinding/polishing tool 26 of concave surface, abrasive particle such as the diamond abrasive grain powder with metal, resin or analog is compressed, and with gained mixture sintering or calcining, polishing grindstone 21a that makes like this or 21b are bonded in adhesive 23a or 23b on metallic matrix 22a such as cast iron, brass or the 22b.In order to make metal adhesion type polishing grindstone, mixture of powders inserted in the mould and under predetermined pressure be compressed into the bead that mixture of powders is made with powder press, heat-agglomerating in reducing atmosphere is for example as disclosed in Japanese patent laid-open publication gazette text 64-6909 number.As resin bonding type polishing grindstone, wherein a kind of manufacture method is diffuse type hybrid resin powder, trace additives and diamond abrasive grain, and the gained mixture is inserted a calcining mould, this mixture of calcining under predetermined pressure and temperature condition.Though use two liquid mixed type epoxy adhesives as adhesive 23a or 23b, but the type of adhesive is not limited to this, it can use the adhesive of any kind, as long as can be glued together polishing grindstone and metallic matrix to bear mechanical load securely.What use in the present embodiment is the two liquid mixed type epoxy adhesives (Araldite) that Japanese Ciba-Geigy Co., Ltd. produces.After with adhesive and curing agent mixing, mixture is coated on the adhesive surface of metallic matrix, polishing grindstone is pressed against on the adhesive surface, thereby finishes tentatively bonding.The structure that obtain be placed in 60 ℃ stove 1 hour so that be heating and curing thereafter.
In Figure 15 A and 15B, the radius of curvature of the land portions that is used as burnishing surface of each grinding/polishing tool is designated as R.The diameter d 0 of barrel portion and the outer peripheral edges diameter d 1 of land portions are consistent with each other substantially.
The polishing grindstone part of grinding/polishing tool shown in Figure 16 A and 16B presentation graphs 15A and the 15B is worn and torn when its processing grinding target part.
Even tool wear and land portions be changed to R1 → R2 → R3, but because the diameter d 1 of the outer peripheral edges of land portions is basic consistent with the diameter d 0 of barrel portion, thereby the live part of burnishing surface does not change.In other words, if radius of curvature R 1, R2, R3 keep basic identical, and half of the land portions of instrument unlimited angle does not change so.
The manufacturing step of grinding/polishing tool shown in Figure 17 A to 17D presentation graphs 15A and the 15B.
Figure 17 A represents a polishing grindstone 31 and the metallic matrix 32 as grinding/polishing tool material.Polishing grindstone 31 and metallic matrix all are the cylinder bodily form substantially.Polishing grindstone 31 all be sintered surface as the part of following outer peripheral face and as the part of following burnishing surface without post processing, thereby its surface accuracy is very poor.Polishing grindstone 31 solidifies #1500 diamond abrasive particle and copper-tinbase metal-to-metal adhesive and makes.
In Figure 17 B, two kinds of materials shown in Figure 17 A are glued together with adhesive 33.When not using specific purpose tool to carry out when bonding, cylindrical center's axis 34 of polishing grindstone 31 is always not consistent with the central axis 35 of metallic matrix 32, but departs from a few μ m to 0.1mm sometimes mutually.
In Figure 17 C, the surface that is bonded in the polishing grindstone 31 on the metallic matrix 32 with adhesive 33 has a sphere through processing later.For the surface with polishing grindstone 31a forms sphere, use a so-called common polishing machine.According to this method, polishing grindstone or have and cooperate dish to be installed on the turning cylinder with a cast iron of the radius of curvature of target sphere curvature radius complementation and be rotated.Gap between polishing grindstone and cooperation dish provides expansion sand, and for example during SiC, a quilt that stays in polishing grindstone and the cast iron cooperation dish bears against on one that rotates, thereby forms a sphere.More particularly, the glued construction of polishing grindstone 31 and metallic matrix 32 is installed on the turning cylinder of bobbing machine and uses the #1500SiC abrasive particle with 300 rev/mins rotational speed, thereby polishes processing jointly.If the radius of curvature of the concave surface of object lens is 10.00mm, so, polishing grindstone 31 must have identical, i.e. the radius of curvature R of 10.00mm.The central axis 36 of the sphere of Xing Chenging is always not consistent with the central axis 35 of cylindrical center's axis 34 of polishing grindstone 31 or metallic matrix 32 in the above described manner, but departs from about a few μ m to 0.1mm with axis 34 and 35 sometimes.
The land portions of polishing grindstone also needn't always form after being bonded in polishing grindstone on the metallic matrix.Sphere can form on single polishing grindstone in a like fashion, and then polishing grindstone is bonded on the metallic matrix.It should be noted, even in this case, the phenomenon of the described center axis deviation of contrast Figure 17 C takes place also sometimes.
Figure 17 D represents polishing grindstone 31 and metallic matrix 32, and its excircle partly is to contrast departing from of the described central axis of Figure 17 C according to being processed by method shown in Figure 180, its objective is to revise.More particularly, when the external peripheral surface of polishing grindstone 31 and metallic matrix 32 is that central axis with the land portions of polishing grindstone 31 is a benchmark when using machined into, the central axis of the cylindrical center's axis of grinding/polishing tool 25 and the sphere of polishing grindstone 31 is consistent with each other substantially.In addition, when with the outer circumference surface of polishing grindstone 31 and metallic matrix 32 when the situation of processing is compared, the excircle of grindings/polishing tool 25 circularity and cylindricity partly also significantly improves.It should be noted that in method shown in Figure 180, the part of the metallic matrix 32 that is clamped by lathe chuck can not be ground simultaneously.Therefore, metallic matrix 32 should be processed longerly slightly in advance, to consider the part that is clamped by chuck.After the most of processing of the outer circumference portion of metallic matrix 32, cut undressed part by cutting knife, thereby make instrument.
At this moment, the excircle of metallic matrix 32 part needn't be always simultaneously processed.But if the central axis of metallic matrix 32 extremely departs from, so, when grinding/polishing tool was contained on the main shaft of polishing machine and rotates, it is bad that moving equilibrium becomes.Therefore, the excircle of metallic matrix 32 part excircle part best and polishing grindstone 31 is processed simultaneously.
Figure 18 is described now.Figure 18 schematically represents the major part of lathe, and the excircle that is bonded in the excircle part of the polishing grindstone 31 on the metallic matrix 32 and metallic matrix 32 is partly prepared the processing method of processing on lathe.
Be bonded in polishing grindstone 31 on the metallic matrix 32 by claw 63 chucking of chuck 62 and be fixed on the main shaft 61 with adhesive 33.For polishing grindstone 31 is fixed on the main shaft, make amesdial 57 by touching polishing grindstone 31 land portions, the claw 63 of adjusting chuck 62 is to reduce the sideslip of land portions to greatest extent, that is to say, the sideslip of land portions is reduced to a few μ m or littler, makes the central axis of land portions consistent with the central axis 34 of main shaft.
The cutting tool 71 usefulness set bolts 73 that will be used to process polishing grindstone 31 are fixed on knife rest 72.Knife rest 72 can move along the direction perpendicular to main shaft together with cutting platform 75.Cutting platform 75 is contained on the feeding platform (not shown), can be moved along the direction that is parallel to main shaft by the feeding platform.
Because lathe has above-mentioned layout, the cutting platform cuts/advances the feeding of platform platform by the feeding platform and is ground to predetermined diameter by cutting tool 71 at least all until the outer peripheral face of polishing grindstone, then, make the external peripheral surface of polishing grindstone 31 and metallic matrix 32 bear lathe grinding.
In the present embodiment, the polycrystalline diamond cutting tool that the brazing of polycrystalline diamond point of a knife is formed on handle of a knife is as cutting tool 71.But the type of cutting tool is not limited thereto, for example, and the cutting element that when processed polishing grindstone 31 is softer resin-bonding grinding stone, also can use carbide alloy, high-speed steel etc. to make.
When processed polishing grindstone 31 has the hard composition that can not process with the polycrystalline diamond cutting tool, can in a like fashion polishing grindstone and metallic matrix be contained on outside cylinder grinding machine rather than the lathe, come the outer circumference surface of grinding-polishing grinding stone 31 with emery wheel.
Owing to be used in device shown in Figure 180, method and cutting tool, outer circumference surface that can processing grinding/polishing tool 25, the circularity that makes its outer circumference surface is 2 μ m, and cylindricity is 4 μ m, and the axiality of land portions and circumferential section is 5 μ m.
In a reference examples, do not process its outer circumference surface according to the step machining tool till Figure 17 C.The circularity of the excircle part of this instrument is 25 μ m, and cylindricity is 30 μ m, and the axiality of the land portions of this instrument and excircle part is 75 μ m.
Actual method and the effect thereof of making spherical lens of grinding/polishing tool that employing is made in the above described manner is described below.
Figure 19 represents to adopt grinding/polishing tool 25 to process the example of the polishing machine of spherical lenses.
Polishing machine shown in Figure 19 is an inclination king post system polishing machine, and its upper axis is propped up by part and vibrated by its main shaft that tilts.Grinding/the polishing tool 25 that is made of rotten-stone 31 and metallic matrix 32 is fixed on the main shaft 104 by knife rest 103.For will grind/polishing tool 25 is contained on the knife rest 103, forms a hole that accommodates metallic matrix 32 on knife rest 103, grinding/polishing tool 25 is fixed in the above-mentioned hole by clamp a screw (not shown) in side direction.The main spindle box 105 usefulness screws 106 that are used for axially mounting main shaft 104 are fixed on a main shaft swash plate 107, therefore can regulate the inclination angle of main shaft.One belt pulley 108 and grinding/polishing tool 25 be relative to be installed on the end of main shaft 104.V-shape belt 111 is sleeved on belt pulley 108 and is contained between the belt pulley 109 on the instrument rotary electric machine 110.Main shaft 104 is rotated by the rotation of instrument rotary electric machine 110.Main shaft swash plate 107 can be swung around a pivot center (not shown), and is fixed on the workbench 100 with lock-screw 112 after mixing up the inclination angle that needs.
Lens material 121 as workpiece material is contained in the clamper 123 as rubber by immobilization material 122.Land portions on one supporting member, 124 far-ends is assemblied in the recess of clamper 123.Clamper 123 can rotate and inclination with respect to supporting member 124.Work in-process because grinding/polishing tool 25 rotates, produces the torque of lens itself in lens material 121, lens material 121 rotates with clamper 123.
Supporting member 124 is contained on the supporting member adjutage 125, can regulate its length with screw 126.Supporting member adjutage 125 is installed on the supporting member arm 127, can regulate its length with screw 128.Supporting member arm 127 is contained on the oscillating plate 130 so that rotate around the pivot 129 as the center.The load of supporting member arm 127, supporting member adjutage 125 and supporting member 124 and also have load by adjusting such as counterweight, spring, cylinders to act on sometimes to press from both sides on the special device 123, to force lens material 121 against grinding/polishing tool 25.
Oscillating plate 130 is connected on vibration/turning cylinder 133 by a connecting rod 131, and vibrates on the left and right direction in week 19 along the rotation of vibration/turning cylinder 133.Perhaps, the rotation of vibration/turning cylinder 133 stops, and processes when the angle between the central axis of grinding/polishing tool and lens transfers to predetermined value.Along with the vibration of oscillating plate 130, the left and right direction vibration of supporting member 124 in Figure 19, lens material 121 vibrates on the surface of grinding/polishing tool 25, or is parked on the preposition.Article one, V-shape belt 138 is sleeved between vibration/turning cylinder 133 and the motor 135 by belt pulley 136 and 137, makes vibration/turning cylinder 133 can be with predetermined rotational speed.
According to polishing machine with said structure, rotation by grinding/polishing tool 25, scraping of lens material 121, lens material 121 is at grinding/polishing tool 25 upward pressures, and also have sometimes lens material 121 grindings/polishing tool 25 tangentially on vibration, lens material 121 is processed by grindings/polishing tools 25, made processed surface be processed to sphere with the tool shape complementation.
Use above-mentioned inclination king post system polishing machine, adopt the instrument of present embodiment, and the routine in contrast actual lens of having processed of general tool.The excircle diameter of the barrel portion of general tool is little, and reduces gradually with the wearing and tearing of instrument.The comparative result of the stability of two kinds of instruments is described below.
Processed lens are concavees lens, and its radius of curvature is 10mm, and half unlimited angle is 30 °, is made by optical glass Lak14 (manufacturing of Ohara Co., Ltd.)." instrument A " and common " instrument B " have been prepared as instrument.The manufacture of instrument A is, with radius of curvature is 10mm, external diameter is 16mm (half unlimited angle is 53.13 °), the grinding stone that highly is the metlbond of 10mm is bonded on the brazen matrix, the land portions of common polishing grindstone, the excircle part of processing grinding stone then according to the method for present embodiment with the turning method.The external diameter of the column part of instrument B is 12mm, its initial diameter less than its land portions outer peripheral edges (16mm).Above-mentioned two instruments are contained on the polishing machine shown in Figure 19, process 500 lens respectively.
Processing conditions is: the instrument rotating speed is 1500 rev/mins, and load is 1.2Kgf, and the instrument inclination angle is 31 °, and be 20 seconds process time.
Process 500 lens under these conditions.About the variation of the radius of curvature of processed lens material, for the instrument B that the outer peripheral edges diameter reduces gradually, the R of first lens material is 10.000mm, and the R of the 500th lens material is 9.985mm, and the variable quantity of R is 15 μ m as a result.Contrast therewith, for the unconverted instrument A of outer peripheral edges diameter, the R of first lens material is 10.000mm, and the R of the 500th lens material is 10.001mm, the variable quantity of R is 1 μ m as a result.
As mentioned above, according to the method for present embodiment, the excircle of grinding/polishing tool partly has high accuracy.Even the wearing and tearing of the outer circumference surface of grinding/polishing tool, it is as the land portions diameter and the no change of machined surface.Therefore, the radius of curvature of processed lens changes little, can continuously, stably process the constant lens of radius of curvature over a long time.
(the 3rd embodiment)
The third embodiment of the present invention is described below.
In the 3rd embodiment, described situation is to make a kind of grinding/polishing tool according to the method that is different from second embodiment.
Figure 20 A to 20D represents the step according to grinding/polishing tool 25 shown in method shop drawings 15A that is different from second embodiment and the 15B.
Figure 20 A represents polishing grindstone 31 and the metallic matrix 32 as grinding/polishing tool material.Polishing grindstone 31 and metallic matrix 32 all are cylinder substantially.Part and the following part that is used as burnishing surface thereof as outer circumference surface all will be the sintered surface of handling without later in the future of polishing grindstone 31, thereby its surface accuracy is very poor.
In Figure 20 B, be glued together with adhesive 33 at two kinds of materials shown in Figure 20 A.When not using specific purpose tool to carry out when bonding, the central axis 34 of the cylinder of polishing grindstone 31 is always not consistent with the central axis 35 of metallic matrix 32, but departs from about a few μ m to 0.1 μ m sometimes mutually.
In the present embodiment, after polishing grindstone 31 and metallic matrix 32 are bonding, form before the bulb excircle of the cylindrical part of polishing grindstone 31 and metallic matrix 32 and scraping through turning or mill.
Figure 20 C represents polishing grindstone 31 and metallic matrix 32, its outer circumference surface according to second embodiment in identical method process so that improve the precision of polishing grindstone 31 excircles part and revise polishing grindstone 31 and metallic matrix 32 central axis between depart from.When will grind/polishing tool 25 is contained on the lathe, and during with the outer circumference surface of machined into polishing grindstone 31 and metallic matrix 32, the central axis of the central axis of the cylindrical part of polishing grindstone 31 and the metallic matrix 32 mutual basically identical that becomes.In addition, when comparing without the situation of processing with the outer circumference surface of polishing grindstone 31 and metallic matrix 32, the circularity and the cylindricity of the outer circumference surface of polishing grindstone 31 and metallic matrix 32 also significantly improve.
At this moment, the excircle of metallic matrix 32 part needn't always be processed simultaneously.But if the central axis of metallic matrix 32 extremely departs from, so, when grinding stone being contained on the polishing machine main shaft and rotating, it is bad that the balance of motion becomes.Therefore, the best outer circumference surface of processing metal matrix 32 and polishing grindstone 31 simultaneously.
Then, in the present embodiment, will be benchmark with the central axis of the cylindrical part of polishing grindstone 31, form the land portions of the future of grinding stone as machined surface.
In a second embodiment, land portions forms by common polishing.But, owing to adopt common polishing, can not process land portions with respect to the off-centre of the excircle of polishing grindstone 31.Therefore, in the present embodiment, by using curved surface generator as sphere grinding machine, must processing at least according to the sphere of figure, so that be benchmark formation sphere with the off-centre of part with polishing grindstone 31 cylindricals.
Figure 21 represents how to use the situation of the land portions of curved surface generator processing grinding/polishing tool.
When the land portions of processing grinding/polishing tool, at first, grindings/polishing tool 25 is installed on the chuck 212 of the working-spindle 211 of curved surface generator, and it is made by adhesive 33 adhesive polished grinding stones 31 and metallic matrix 32, and has the excircle part through processing.Make amesdial 201 touch excircle part, and adjust grindings/polishing tools 25 so that off-centre is adjusted to a few μ m or littler, thereby reduce the excircle off-centre partly of polishing grindstone as far as possible by the claw 213 of chuck 212 by polishing grindstone.The cup wheel 222 that is used for processing grinding/polishing tool 25 has a distal portions, and it forms a radius in advance is the arcuate section of rO, and is contained on the tool spindle 221.
At this moment, the desired radius of curvature of supposing grinding/polishing tool sphere is RO, and the diameter of cup-shaped instrument is 2 * r1, if the inclination angle [theta] of working-spindle and tool spindle satisfies:
Sinθ=r1÷(RO±YO)
(when sphere is convex surface, symbol ± be+, and when sphere is concave surface symbol ± for-), if grinding/polishing tool 25 is moved along the working-spindle direction by a work slide plate (not shown), so that incision cup wheel, so, grinding/polishing tool just is processed to have the sphere of radius of curvature R O.
Figure 20 D represents a polishing grindstone 31, and its sphere is to use the curved surface generator to process.Because the sphere of grinding/polishing tool 25 is after grinding/polishing tool 25 is contained on the working-spindle of curved surface generator, off-centre with outer circumference surface is that benchmark is processed into, thereby the central axis 36 of the central axis of the excircle of cylindrical part part and land portions is consistent with each other substantially.
In the present embodiment, the land portions of polishing grindstone 31 is to use the curved surface generator to be processed into according to spherical grinding.At this moment, the land portions surface of polishing body is not suitable for processing lens sometimes, that is to say, the overhang of abrasive particle on grinding stone becomes very little.In this case, can adopt the common polishing that is similar among second embodiment at last, so that increase the overhang of abrasive particle.More particularly, because sphere is formed by the curved surface generator substantially, thereby the processing capacity that polishing grindstone is polished jointly is very little, and therefore, the coaxial degree between cylindrical part and the land portions departs from not quite.
Grinding/polishing tool (A) with the aforesaid way manufacturing, and following instrument (B), (C) and the process of form accuracy (D) of example are estimated in contrast, according to the method identical with second embodiment, the spherical lens that uses the actual processing of above-mentioned instrument (A) to (D) is also through estimating.The result of above-mentioned evaluation will be described below.Instrument (B) has a land portions, and it is to divide through after the turning in its outer circumference portion, does not use the curved surface generator, is processed into by common polishing.Instrument (C) is a cylinder bodily form instrument.In instrument (C), the diameter of its cylindrical excircle part and the diameter basically identical of its land portions, but its cylindrical excircle part still is in sintering state, does not have through post processing.Instrument (D) is common shape, and its barrel portion has little diameter.
The above-mentioned instrument of being estimated, the radius of curvature of its convex surface is 8.0mm, its external diameter is 15.7mm (half unlimited angle is 78.9 °), but except the cylinder diameter of instrument (D), it is 12.0mm (that is, its shape is shown among Figure 22).
Each above-mentioned instrument A to D, the circularity and the cylindricity of its excircle part, and the axiality between excircle part and the land portions is to use three-dimensional measuring apparatus to measure.Figure 23 represents measurement result.
Then, use the inclination king post system polishing machine that is similar to second embodiment, with the actual processing of above-mentioned each instrument lens.The relatively stable resulting result of the lens of processing is described below.
The lens of being processed are concavees lens, and its R is 8.0mm, and half unlimited angle is 50 °, are to be made by optical glass LaSF016 (being made by Ohara Co., Ltd.).Every kind of instrument all is highly to make for the metlbond grinding stone of 10mm is bonded on the brass base.Instrument is installed on the polishing machine shown in Figure 19, and is used for processing 500 lens materials.
Processing conditions is: the instrument rotating speed is 1500 rev/mins, and load is 1.2kgf, and the inclination angle of instrument is 40 °, and be 20 seconds process time.
Under these conditions, 800 lens have been processed.Radius of curvature about the lens material processed changes, and for " instrument B ", the radius of curvature of first lens material is 8.000mm, and the radius of curvature of the 500th lens material is 7.995mm, and R's is changed to 5 μ m as a result.For instrument C, the R of the lens of being processed is changed to 14 μ m.For instrument D, the R of the lens of being processed is changed to 30 μ m.In comparison, unconverted for its excircle diameter, thereby have the instrument A of accurate diameter, the radius of curvature of first lens material of being processed is 8.000mm, and the radius of curvature of the 500th lens material is 8.0003mm, and the R of the lens of being processed changes little of 0.3 μ m.
As mentioned above, according to the method for present embodiment, the excircle of grinding/polishing tool partly has high precision.Even the wearing and tearing of grinding/polishing tool, its land portions diameter as machined surface does not change yet.Therefore, it is little that the radius of curvature of institute's processing lens changes, can long-time continuous, the lens of processing stably with constant curvature radius.
(the 4th embodiment)
The fourth embodiment of the present invention is described below.
In the 4th embodiment, described situation is in order to prevent to form recess on the marginal portion of grinding/polishing tool, a kind of material softer than land portions to be coated on the excircle part of barrel portion.
Figure 24 A and 24B represent two kinds of structure examples, and wherein, that the material promptly softer than polishing grindstone part than land portions is coated in respectively is protruding, on the cylindrical external peripheral surface of spill grinding/polishing tool.
Consult Figure 24 A and 24B now, label 51a or 51b represent polishing grindstone; Label 52a or 52b represent metallic matrix; Label 53a or 53b representative are used for the adhesive of adhesive polished grinding stone and metallic matrix; Label 54a or 54b represent soft material; Label 55a or 55b representative are used for the adhesive of adhesive polished grinding stone and soft material.
The concave instrument of Figure 24 B of reality manufacturing in the present embodiment, employed #1500 resin-bonding grinding stone, its R is 15.0mm, and external diameter is 26.0mm, and brim height is 15mm, and it is as polishing grindstone 51b.This polishing grindstone use with second embodiment in identical mode be bonded in brazen metallic matrix 52b.After land portions that processes polishing grindstone and outer circumference portion branch, that a polyacetal resin (Derlin (registered trade name) that Du Pont company makes) is made and have a 27.0mm external diameter, 26.1mm the cylindrical part of internal diameter and 15.0mm height is assemblied in as soft material 54b on the excircle part of polishing grindstone.In the present embodiment, two liquid-type epoxy adhesives are as adhesive 55a or 55b.
In the grinding/polishing tool of excircle part with non-coating, be the concave instrument that has the outer peripheral edges of half big unlimited angle and band light sharp edge at specifically, perhaps in the instrument that resin-bonding grinding stone is made with more crisp material, when the diameter of the excircle part of the outer peripheral edges diameter of the spherical part of instrument and barrel portion be adjusted when (as the foregoing description) consistent with each other substantially, the marginal portion of outer peripheral edges forms recess easily.When with a kind of softer than land portions, not overslaugh material processed partly goes up attached to the excircle of polishing grindstone so that when reinforcing, and as in the present embodiment, can prevent breaking in instrument easily, for example the recess on the marginal portion.
In the present embodiment, on the excircle part of a columnar polyacetal resin spare attached to polishing grindstone.But the present invention is not limited thereto.The excircle of polishing grindstone part also can be reinforced by following manner, for example, with sheet shaped polyethylene or polypropylene spare with on the excircle part of mode attached to polishing grindstone of reeling, perhaps circumferential section application of adhesive and make its sclerosis outside.
In order to guarantee that process fluid flows, and for example, can form cross recess sometimes on the polishing grindstone surface between polishing grindstone and workpiece.But in this case, in the convex-surface type instrument with big unlimited angle, the sharp edge portion of outer peripheral edges often is harmful formed recess.Apply soft material on according to the method for the present embodiment cylindrical excircle part at grinding/polishing tool, then when the fluting of the surface of polishing grindstone, the edge portion in the outer peripheral edges of polishing grindstone in the time of can preventing to slot forms recess.
In the method for the 3rd embodiment, after the cylindrical outer circumference portion of grinding/polishing tool was divided through processing, when with curved surface generator processing land portions, the edge portion of outer peripheral edges often was harmful formed recess.After the cylindrical outer circumference portion of polishing grindstone is divided through processing, if a kind of soft material is coated in through on the outer circumference surface of processing, adopt the method processing land portions of the 3rd embodiment then, so, can prevent from during land portions to form recess in processing in the edge portion of the outer peripheral edges of polishing grindstone.
In first to fourth embodiment, the polishing grindstone portion of grinding/polishing tool is whole.Big or when processing a large amount of lens simultaneously when processed lens, sometimes about 3～100 less polishing grindstones parts (being called: " small pieces (pellets) ") stick to one and are called on the cast iron of " dish " or the matrix that similar material is made, are used as grinding/polishing tool.In this case, if the excircle of the small pieces of arranging at outermost portion is partly used the identical mode with second to the 3rd embodiment,, can obtain to resemble identical effect in second to the 3rd embodiment so with processing such as lathes.
Grinding stone has been described in detail in detail in the various embodiments described above, and still, the present invention can be applied on the normally used cast iron plate equally.
As mentioned above, in grinding/polishing tool of the present invention, even tool wear, the land portions diameter that is used as machined surface does not change.Therefore, the workspace of grinding/polishing tool is always constant, and the radius of curvature of processed lens changes little, thereby can for a long time continuously, stably make the lens with constant radius of curvature.
More particularly, because the radius of curvature of lens is constant substantially, in manufacture process, the radius of curvature of processed lens need not to measure substantially, and this point is different from the common production of spherical lens.Therefore, in the lens manufacturing, can significantly reduce the manpower consumption, reduce the lens manufacturing cost.
Because grinding/polishing tool of the present invention has high accuracy at aspects such as the diameter of its excircle, circularity, even thereby when tool changing, also need not to change the position relation between each of machine, therefore, also can significantly reduce the manpower consumption on the one hand at this, reduce the manufacturing cost of lens.
In grinding/polishing tool of the present invention, when the outer circumference portion timesharing of reinforcing polishing grindstone with soft material can prevent breaking of instrument, as prevent from the polishing grindstone outer peripheral edge portion, to form recess.
According to the method for fabrication tool of the present invention, can easily make grinding/polishing tool with high precision excircle circumferential portion.
The present invention is not limited to the foregoing description, can carry out various modifications and variations and not exceed scope of the present invention it.
Claims (7)
1. one kind is ground or polishing tool, is used to grind and polish the workpiece that has as the sphere of machined surface, wherein:
A burnishing surface that is used for the polishing workpiece machined surface forms on a cylindrical end, and
The external diameter of described burnishing surface is made and described cylindrical diameter basically identical,
It is characterized in that: described cylinder has a peripheral part, applies a kind of material more thin-skinned than described polishing on it.
2. instrument as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described cylindrical cylindricity is not more than 20 μ m, and described burnishing surface and described cylindrical axiality make and be not more than 30 μ m.
3. instrument as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: diamond abrasive grain and a kind of metal material or resin sinter described cylinder into as main component, and a described cylindrical end is processed into the sphere corresponding to the workpiece machined surface.
4. instrument as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described cylindrical cylindricity is no more than 20 μ m, and the axiality between described burnishing surface and the described cylinder makes and is no more than 30 μ m.
5. one kind is ground and polishing has method as the workpiece of the sphere of machined surface, wherein:
The sphere of described workpiece relatively is placed on the burnishing surface of a grinding or polishing tool, the described burnishing surface that on a cylindrical end face, forms, its external diameter makes and described cylindrical diameter basically identical, described cylinder has a peripheral part, apply a kind of material more thin-skinned on it than described polishing
Described cylinder is rotated around its axis, and described workpiece is vibrated on described cylindrical burnishing surface, thereby grind and polish described workpiece.
6. a manufacturing has the grinding of the spherical polishing face on a cylindrical end or the grinding or the polishing tool manufacture method of polishing tool, comprising:
Burnishing surface forms step, by a described cylindrical described end being carried out the described burnishing surface of sphere processing formation,
The outer circumference surface procedure of processing, based on the central axis of the sphere of described burnishing surface, with described cylindrical outer circumference surface, being processed into described central axis is the cylindrical of center, and
Adhering step adheres to a kind of material more thin-skinned than described polishing around described cylinder.
7. a manufacturing has the grinding of the spherical polishing face on a cylindrical end or the grinding or the polishing tool manufacture method of polishing tool, comprising:
The outer circumference surface procedure of processing is processed described cylindrical outer circumference surface to such an extent that make its cylindricity be no more than predetermined value,
Burnishing surface forms step, is benchmark with described cylindrical central axis, is the spherical polishing face at center in described cylindrical described end processing with described central axis, and
Adhering step adheres to a kind of material more thin-skinned than described polishing around described cylinder.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP29314894 | 1994-11-28 | ||
| JP293148/1994 | 1994-11-28 | ||
| JP293148/94 | 1994-11-28 | ||
| JP290064/95 | 1995-11-08 | ||
| JP29006495A JPH08206953A (en) | 1994-11-28 | 1995-11-08 | Grinding-polishing method and grinding-polishing tool and its manufacture |
| JP290064/1995 | 1995-11-08 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1132133A CN1132133A (en) | 1996-10-02 |
| CN1072089C true CN1072089C (en) | 2001-10-03 |
Family
ID=26557866
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95120260A Expired - Fee Related CN1072089C (en) | 1994-11-28 | 1995-11-28 | Grinding/polishing method, grinding/polishing tool and manufacturing method of the same |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH08206953A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1072089C (en) |
| TW (1) | TW308562B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100591478C (en) * | 2008-06-16 | 2010-02-24 | 中国航空工业第一集团公司第六一三研究所 | Method for controlling central thickness dimension of hollow lens |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI552830B (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2016-10-11 | 鴻海精密工業股份有限公司 | Polishing wheel and polishing apparatus |
| CN102909641A (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2013-02-06 | 昆山市大金机械设备厂 | Dome polishing device |
| TWI548488B (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2016-09-11 | jun-hui Jiang | Adjustable processing angle of the acrylic polishing machine |
| TWI689378B (en) * | 2013-10-04 | 2020-04-01 | 日商福吉米股份有限公司 | Polishing apparatus, method for machining polishing member, method for modifying polishing member, cutting tool for machining shape, and tool for modifying surface |
| JP6378626B2 (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2018-08-22 | オリンパス株式会社 | Optical element processing tool and optical element manufacturing method |
| FR3059921B1 (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2019-05-24 | Essilor International | SURFACE TOOL WITH OPTICAL QUALITY |
| JP6517873B2 (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2019-05-22 | ファナック株式会社 | Mirror surface processing method and method of manufacturing mirror surface processing tool |
| CN107243798A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-10-13 | 福建福光光电科技有限公司 | The small raw edges polishing tool in concave surface |
| CN107984331A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-04 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of five axis series-parallel connection photo process equipments and its method of work |
| CN110480454B (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2021-01-22 | 杰讯光电(福建)有限公司 | Preparation method of C-Lens for optical fiber collimator |
| CN113853270B (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2024-04-30 | 麦格纳国际公司 | Optical wheel assembly for laser transmission welding apparatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58192742A (en) * | 1982-05-01 | 1983-11-10 | Haruchika Seimitsu:Kk | Lens grinding apparatus |
| JPS5993261A (en) * | 1982-11-16 | 1984-05-29 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Mirror-surface polishing apparatus |
| CN1005185B (en) * | 1985-07-26 | 1989-09-20 | 奥普蒂米德公司 | Method for manufacturing a spectacle-glass for myopes |
-
1995
- 1995-11-08 JP JP29006495A patent/JPH08206953A/en active Pending
- 1995-11-21 TW TW84112369A patent/TW308562B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-11-28 CN CN95120260A patent/CN1072089C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58192742A (en) * | 1982-05-01 | 1983-11-10 | Haruchika Seimitsu:Kk | Lens grinding apparatus |
| JPS5993261A (en) * | 1982-11-16 | 1984-05-29 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Mirror-surface polishing apparatus |
| CN1005185B (en) * | 1985-07-26 | 1989-09-20 | 奥普蒂米德公司 | Method for manufacturing a spectacle-glass for myopes |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100591478C (en) * | 2008-06-16 | 2010-02-24 | 中国航空工业第一集团公司第六一三研究所 | Method for controlling central thickness dimension of hollow lens |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH08206953A (en) | 1996-08-13 |
| CN1132133A (en) | 1996-10-02 |
| TW308562B (en) | 1997-06-21 |
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