CN107202646A - A kind of temp difference measurer for microwave black-body surface - Google Patents
A kind of temp difference measurer for microwave black-body surface Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107202646A CN107202646A CN201710545745.XA CN201710545745A CN107202646A CN 107202646 A CN107202646 A CN 107202646A CN 201710545745 A CN201710545745 A CN 201710545745A CN 107202646 A CN107202646 A CN 107202646A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- thermocouple
- measurement
- body surface
- temperature
- black
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/14—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of temp difference measurer for microwave black-body surface, including collecting unit, fixed cell and measuring unit.Wherein, collecting unit at least includes a thermocouple, and thermocouple one end is provided for measuring the first measurement end of first position, and the other end is provided for measuring the second measurement end of the second place；Fixed cell at least includes being used to fix the first measurement end to the first fixed part of first position and for fixing the second measurement end to the second fixed part of the second place；Measuring unit is connected with thermocouple two ends, the magnitude of voltage between measurement thermocouple two ends.Instant invention overcomes adhesive means it is easily damaged to temperature sensor the problem of, the problem of thermometric regional temperature field distortion that a large amount of coated with thermally conductive fat are caused, and temperature sensor can not be fixed to the infull influence of thermometric region overlay caused by black matrix tip and rib portion, so as to realize the flexibly and fast measurement of the temperature difference between black matrix any two points.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of temperature measurement.More particularly, to a kind of periodic array structure microwave black-body surface
The measurement apparatus of the temperature difference.
Background technology
Microwave remote sensing technique is to be detected with microwave equipment, receive testee microwave band (wavelength is 1mm~1m)
Electromagnetic radiation and scattering properties to recognize the technology of remote object.It is compared with visible ray, infrared remote sensing technology, and microwave is distant
Sense technology has：Round-the-clock work double tides ability；Cloud layer can be penetrated, is difficult to be influenceed by meteorological condition and sunshine level；It can wear
Saturating vegetation, the ability with target under detection earth's surface；The microwave image of acquisition has obvious third dimension, can provide visible ray photograph
With the information beyond infrared remote sensing, with great military affairs and economic implications, it is increasingly subject to pay attention to.With microwave passive remote sensing skill
Art is continued to develop, and the performance of passive remote sensing equipment is more and more paid attention to, and the demand of calibration of radiometer precision is also increasingly
Lifting.
Both at home and abroad, generally radiometer is calibrated using periodic array structure blackbody calibration source.Periodic array structure
The structure with go-no-go that black matrix is made up of metallic matrix and antiradar coatings, the coefficient of heat conduction of its antiradar coatings is usual
It is very poor, and based on the reason for blackbody temperature control technology, black-body surface certainly exists certain temperature difference.The temperature difference will be determined black matrix
The technical indicator in mark source is assessed and impacted, so needing accurately to survey the periodic array structure microwave black-body surface temperature difference
Amount.
In the prior art, generally the microwave black-body surface temperature difference is measured using measurement apparatus shown in Fig. 1.During measurement,
Multiple mini-temperature sensors, which are pasted on, needs the black-body surface region of thermometric, and temperature sensor gathers thermometric region respectively
Temperature is simultaneously transferred on temperature measurer, and the temperature value that multiple temperature sensors are gathered, two different temperature are read by temperature measurer
Temperature difference measured by sensor is the microwave black-body surface temperature difference in two regions of the correspondence.
There is following defect and deficiency in the metering system：
1st, the general a diameter of millimeter magnitude of temperature sensor, height is also millimeter magnitude.Even if mini-temperature sensor, phase
Volume is also excessive for the tip and rib portion of black matrix, is only suitable for installing on a flat surface, and it is black not to be suitable for measurement
Any part in body surface face；
2nd, in existing metering system by the way of gluing fixed temperature sensor, and adhesive means are finished in measurement
Easily temperature sensor is caused in unloading process to damage；
3rd, fixed temperature sensor is typically to use thermal grease conduction, although thermal grease conduction is easily cleaned, and needs a large amount of coatings
Temperature sensor can be fixedly secured, and excessive thermal grease conduction can destroy black-body surface temperature field so that the temperature difference data of measurement are lost
Very.
In industrial processes, temperature is to need one of measurement and the important parameter controlled.In temperature survey, thermoelectricity
The application of even (thermocouple) is extremely wide.Thermocouple is the temperature element commonly used in a kind of temperature measuring instrument, and it is straight
Measurement temperature is connect, and temperature signal is converted into thermo-electromotive force signal, tested Jie is converted into by electric meter (secondary meter)
The temperature of matter.The application of thermocouple is extremely wide, and it has, and simple in construction, easily manufactured, measurement range is wide, precision is high, inertia
Many advantages, such as small and output signal is easy to teletransmission.Further, since thermocouple is a kind of active sensor, it is not required to during measurement additional
Power supply, using very convenient, so being often used as measuring the temperature and the surface temperature of solid of stove, the gas in pipeline or liquid
Degree.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a kind of temp difference measurer for microwave black-body surface based on thermocouple.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome at least one of drawbacks described above, the present invention utilizes the characteristic of absorbing material itself, using magnetic material
A kind of fixture, it is proposed that temp difference measurer for microwave black-body surface, solves temperature in traditional temperature test method and passes
Sensor is easy to install, dismounting and the incomplete problem in thermometric region, reached it is quick, neatly measure black-body surface any two points
Between the temperature difference effect.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention uses following technical proposals：
A kind of temp difference measurer for microwave black-body surface, including
Collecting unit, at least including a thermocouple, thermocouple one end is provided for measuring the first survey of first position
End is measured, the other end is provided for measuring the second measurement end of the second place；
Fixed cell, at least including for fixing the first measurement end to the first fixed part of first position and for fixing
Second fixed part of two measurement ends to the second place；
Measuring unit, is connected with thermocouple two ends, the magnitude of voltage between measurement thermocouple two ends.
Optionally, the first fixed part and the second fixed part are magnetic material fixture in fixed cell, for adsorbing in microwave
Black-body surface.
Optionally, measured in fixed cell in the first fixed part and/or the second fixed part close to microwave black-body surface correspondence
Position is provided with the groove for being embedded in thermocouple end points.
Optionally, thermocouple includes the first metallic conductor and the second metallic conductor being connected in parallel.
Optionally, measuring unit includes the voltmeter for being used to measure thermocouple both end voltage.
Optionally, temp difference measurer includes switch, for controlling thermocouple to access measuring unit.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
A kind of temp difference measurer for microwave black-body surface of the present invention, using containing in most absorbing materials
There is iron powder, multiple clamping apparatus is fabricated to using patch magnetic material, and based on the temperature difference of thermocouple measurement different zones.The present invention gram
Taken adhesive means it is easily damaged to temperature sensor the problem of, the thermometric regional temperature field distortion that a large amount of coated with thermally conductive fat are caused
The problem of, and temperature sensor can not be fixed to the infull influence of thermometric region overlay caused by black matrix tip and rib portion, so that
Realize the flexibly and fast measurement of the temperature difference between black matrix any two points.
Brief description of the drawings
The embodiment to the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of existing microwave black-body surface temp difference measurer.
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of microwave black-body surface temp difference measurer in the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows to set the schematic diagram of reeded microwave black-body surface temp difference measurer in the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram of microwave black-body surface differential temperature survey in embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 shows the schematic diagram of microwave black-body surface differential temperature survey in embodiment 2.
Embodiment
In order to illustrate more clearly of the present invention, the present invention is done further with reference to preferred embodiments and drawings
It is bright.Similar part is indicated with identical reference in accompanying drawing.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that institute is specific below
The content of description is illustrative and be not restrictive, and should not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
Belong to " first ", " second " etc. in description and claims of this specification and above-mentioned accompanying drawing are to be used to distinguish
Different objects, rather than for describing particular order.In addition, term " comprising " and " having " and their any deformations, meaning
Figure is to cover non-exclusive include.For example contain some row steps or process, method, system, product or the equipment of unit
The step of being not limited to list or unit, but alternatively also include the step of do not list or unit, or alternatively also
Including for these processes, method or the intrinsic gas step of equipment or unit.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of temp difference measurer for microwave black-body surface of present invention offer, including collecting unit 1,
Fixed cell 2 and measuring unit 3.Wherein, collecting unit 1 at least includes a thermocouple, and thermocouple one end is provided for surveying
The first measurement end 1-1 of first position is measured, the other end is provided for measuring the second measurement end 1-2 of the second place；It is fixed single
Member 2 at least includes being used to fix the first measurement end to the first fixed part 2-1 of first position and arrive for fixing the second measurement end
Second fixed part 2-2 of the second place；Measuring unit 3 is connected with thermocouple two ends, the magnitude of voltage between measurement thermocouple two ends.
In the present invention, first fixed part 2-1 and the second fixed part 2-2 is magnetic material fixture in fixed cell 2, for inhaling
It is attached to microwave black-body surface.Thermocouple includes the first metallic conductor and the second metallic conductor being connected in parallel.Measuring unit 3 includes
Voltmeter for measuring thermocouple both end voltage.
It should be noted that in temp difference measurer in the present invention, collecting unit can be with multiple thermocouples, for measuring
The multizone differential temperature survey of microwave black-body surface.Temp difference measurer includes switch, for controlling different zones thermocouple to access
Measuring unit.
As shown in Fig. 2 preferably, the first fixed part 2-1 and/or the second fixed part in fixed cell 2 in the present invention
Close microwave black-body surface correspondence measurement position is provided with the groove for being embedded in thermocouple end points in 2-2.The groove can guarantee that
Fixed cell is fitted with microwave black-body surface, improves measurement accuracy, lifting measurement device stability.
Thermocouple operation principle is as follows：
When the conductor or semiconductor contact of two kinds of different materials of A and B, due to the free electron of both internal unit volumes
Number is different (i.e. electron density is different), and therefore, the speed that electronics spreads in the two directions is just different.It is now assumed that conductor A
Free electron density be more than conductor B free electron density, then conductor A is diffused into conductor B electron number and spread than conductor B
Electron number to conductor A is more.So to lose electronics positively charged by conductor A, conductor B obtains that an electron is negatively charged lotus, then, in A, B
Just an electric field by A to B is formed on the contact interface of two conductors.The direction of the electric field is in opposite direction with diffusion progress, it
The electro transfer of opposite direction will be caused, proceeding for diffusion is hindered.When diffusion is equal with hindering diffusion,
Conductor B free electron number is diffused into from conductor A equal with the free electron number from conductor B to conductor A under electric field action
When, just in a kind of dynamic balance state.In this state, A and the conductors of B two contact position just generate potential difference, are referred to as
Contact electromotive force.The size of contact electromotive force is relevant with the temperature of the material of conductor, contact, with the diameter of conductor, length and several
What shape is unrelated.
In the present invention, when constituting a loop by two kinds of different conductors or the interconnection of semiconductor A and B two ends, only
Want temperature at two tie points different, will produce an electromotive force in loop, and the direction of the electromotive force and size and conductor
The temperature of material and two tie points is relevant.Wherein, one end temperature is T, referred to as working end or hot junction, and other end temperature is T0, claim
For free end (also referred to as reference edge) or cold end.This phenomenon is referred to as pyroelectric effect, and the loop of two kinds of conductor compositions is referred to as thermocouple,
Both conductors are referred to as thermode, and the electromotive force of generation is then referred to as thermo-electromotive force.After the electrode material of thermocouple two is fixed, thermoelectricity
Kinetic potential is two tie point temperature T and T0Difference of function, thermocouple point can be made into according to the functional relation of thermo-electromotive force and temperature
Spend table.After temperature 2 thermo-electromotive forcves of difference are measured, 2 temperature can be directly determined by inquiring about thermocouple indexing table
Difference, completes differential temperature survey.
The present invention is utilized containing this phenomenon of iron powder in most absorbing materials, first using patch magnetic material making
Into multiple clamping apparatus；Then the thermocouple of differential temperature survey region area very little is used, thermometric region is exactly the connection of two kinds of wires
Point, the length of side is hundred micron dimensions；Using magnetic clamp, thermoelectric measured zone is pressed in appointing for black matrix wedge using magnetic force
Meaning position.Such a mode overcome adhesive means it is easily damaged to temperature sensor the problem of, what a large amount of coated with thermally conductive fat were caused
The problem of thermometric regional temperature field distortion, also temperature sensor, can not be fixed to thermometric region caused by black matrix tip and rib portion
The infull influence of covering, so as to realize the flexibly and fast measurement of the temperature difference between black matrix any two points.
Further illustrate technical scheme below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and by embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the microwave black-body surface differential temperature survey of first embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 4.This implementation
The object that example is used is the microwave black matrix 4 containing iron powder composition antiradar coatings, and this kind of black matrix is widely used.The present embodiment is at least
Need two magnetic clamps 2-1 and 2-2.Fixture uses magnetic material, processes a groove respectively on magnetic material.Thermoelectricity
Even 1 is joined end to end by two kinds of different wires is constituted, as shown in 1-3,1-4 in Fig. 4, the tie point of two of which wire
The length of side of 1-1 and 1-2 area is only hundred micron dimensions.In the groove that tie point 1-1 is embedded in magnetic material 2-1, it will connect
In point 1-2 insertion magnetic materials 2-2 groove.When having the temperature difference between two tie points 1-1 and 1-2 of thermocouple, from two
A voltage can be produced on the wire that tie point 1-1 and 1-2 are drawn, this voltage is read using voltmeter 3, and according to thermocouple
Thermoelectric Power can be obtained by the temperature difference between two tie points 1-1 and 1-2.
The connection in thermocouple and thermometric region utilizes the magnetic force between fixture and black matrix absorbing material only by magnetic clamp
It is fixed, it is highly susceptible to dismantling and moves.
The present embodiment, using magnetic material fixture, solves traditional temperature difference and surveyed by using the characteristic of absorbing material itself
Temperature sensor is not easy to install in method for testing, dismantle and the incomplete problem in thermometric region, has reached and quickly, has neatly measured black
Temperature difference effect between any two points of body surface face.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is by installing the surface temperature difference measurement apparatus in multiple Fig. 4 kinds, it is possible to achieve black-body surface multizone
Differential temperature survey.The shape of fixture can be designed according to the shape in measured region, realize the temperature difference between black-body surface any two points
Measurement.
It should be noted that the thermocouple that can not gone the same way with switch switching in the present invention accesses voltmeter.
As shown in figure 5, the object that the present embodiment is used is the microwave black matrix 4 containing iron powder composition antiradar coatings, this kind black
Body is widely used.Four magnetic clamps 2-1,2-2,5-1 and 5-2 are at least needed in the present embodiment.Fixture uses magnetic material,
Process a groove respectively on magnetic material.Surface temperature difference measurement apparatus during two Fig. 4 are planted is installed in the present embodiment：
First thermocouple is joined end to end by two kinds of different wires and constituted, as shown in 1-3,1-4 in Fig. 5, wherein two
The length of side for planting the tie point 1-1 and 1-2 of wire area is only hundred micron dimensions.By tie point 1-1 insertion magnetic materials 2-1
Groove in, in the groove that tie point 1-2 is embedded in magnetic material 2-2.When between two tie points 1-1 and 1-2 of thermocouple
When having the temperature difference, a voltage can be produced from the wire that two tie points 1-1 and 1-2 are drawn, this electricity is read using voltmeter 3
Pressure, and the temperature difference between two tie points 1-1 and 1-2 can be obtained by according to the Thermoelectric Power of thermocouple.
Second thermocouple is joined end to end by two kinds of different wires and constituted, as shown in 5-3,5-4 in Fig. 5, wherein two
The length of side for planting the tie point 5-1 and 5-2 of wire area is only hundred micron dimensions.By tie point 5-1 insertion magnetic materials 6-1
Groove in, in the groove that tie point 5-2 is embedded in magnetic material 6-2.When between two tie points 5-1 and 5-2 of thermocouple
When having the temperature difference, a voltage can be produced from the wire that two tie points 5-1 and 5-2 are drawn, this electricity is read using voltmeter 7
Pressure, and the temperature difference between two tie points 5-1 and 5-2 can be obtained by according to the Thermoelectric Power of thermocouple.
In the present invention, the connection in thermocouple and thermometric region utilizes fixture and black matrix absorbing material only by magnetic clamp
Between magnetic force fix, be highly susceptible to dismantling and move.By using the characteristic of absorbing material itself, pressed from both sides using magnetic material
Tool, solves temperature sensor in traditional temperature test method not easy to install, dismounting and the incomplete problem in thermometric region, reaches
Quick, neatly temperature difference effect between measurement black-body surface any two points.
" multiple " referred in the embodiment of the present invention refer to two or more."and/or", describes the pass of affiliated partner
Connection relation, expression may have three kinds of relations, for example, A and/or B, can be represented：Individualism A, while there is A and B, individually
There are these three situations of B.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and is not pair
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the field, may be used also on the basis of the above description
To make other changes in different forms, all embodiments can not be exhaustive here, it is every to belong to this hair
Row of the obvious changes or variations that bright technical scheme is extended out still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of temp difference measurer for microwave black-body surface, it is characterised in that including
Collecting unit, at least including a thermocouple, described thermocouple one end is provided for measuring the first survey of first position
End is measured, the other end is provided for measuring the second measurement end of the second place；
Fixed cell, at least including for fixing the first measurement end to the first fixed part of first position and for fixing the second survey
End is measured to the second fixed part of the second place；
Measuring unit, is connected with the thermocouple two ends, measures the magnitude of voltage between the thermocouple two ends.
2. temp difference measurer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first fixed part and in the fixed cell
Two fixed parts are magnetic material fixture, for adsorbing in microwave black-body surface.
3. temp difference measurer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in the fixed cell the first fixed part and/
Or second be provided with groove for being embedded in thermocouple end points in fixed part close to microwave black-body surface correspondence measurement position.
4. temp difference measurer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thermocouple includes first be connected in parallel
Metallic conductor and the second metallic conductor.
5. temp difference measurer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the measuring unit includes being used to measure thermoelectricity
The voltmeter of even both end voltage.
6. temp difference measurer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the temp difference measurer includes switch, is used
The measuring unit is accessed in control thermocouple.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2016111512712 | 2016-12-14 | ||
| CN201611151271 | 2016-12-14 |
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| CN107202646A true CN107202646A (en) | 2017-09-26 |
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| CN201710545745.XA Pending CN107202646A (en) | 2016-12-14 | 2017-07-06 | A kind of temp difference measurer for microwave black-body surface |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108593146A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-09-28 | 中国计量大学 | U-shaped positive and negative temperature difference exciting bank |
| CN114489178A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-05-13 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Satellite-borne infrared radiation calibration source large-range temperature change control device for sun synchronous orbit satellite |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108593146A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-09-28 | 中国计量大学 | U-shaped positive and negative temperature difference exciting bank |
| CN114489178A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-05-13 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Satellite-borne infrared radiation calibration source large-range temperature change control device for sun synchronous orbit satellite |
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