CN107199713B - A kind of composite material bracket high quality forming method - Google Patents

A kind of composite material bracket high quality forming method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107199713B
CN107199713B CN201710307885.3A CN201710307885A CN107199713B CN 107199713 B CN107199713 B CN 107199713B CN 201710307885 A CN201710307885 A CN 201710307885A CN 107199713 B CN107199713 B CN 107199713B
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China
Prior art keywords
prepreg
lattice chamber
thickness
forming method
bracket
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CN107199713A (en
Inventor
孙文文
赵文宇
郭鸿俊
张蕾
郑红飞
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China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology CALT
Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology
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China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology CALT
Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology
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Priority to CN201710307885.3A priority Critical patent/CN107199713B/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
    • B29C70/342—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using isostatic pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
    • B29C70/345—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using matched moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of composite material bracket high quality forming methods, compression molding, outer former (upper cover plate, lower plate, side baffle) are combined by using formpiston, metal-silicone rubber (metal core) above and below metal laying, form closed cavity, silicon rubber soft mode, metal core collaboration pressurization, solve the problems, such as external pressure can not the gusset of plaid matching chamber apply pressure and gusset dimensional accuracy, guarantee gusset Forming Quality and dimensional accuracy；It is designed by composite plys, solves composite material bracket fiber continuity problem to greatest extent, meet carrying demand；Substituted by medium temperature pre-compacted, mold core, cure process control, solve the problems, such as lattice chamber assembly precision, whole co-curing, realize the high quality molding of composite material bracket, the loss of weight about 30%-50% compared with conventional metal member meets space flight model lighting requirement.

Description

A kind of composite material bracket high quality forming method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite material bracket high quality forming method, especially a kind of big thickness multi-cavity of larger size Flange reinforced structure composite material bracket high quality forming method, belongs to structural composite material and technology field.
Background technique
Currently, space industry proposes new model loss of weight, it is efficient require so that the composite material of high-strength light is answered With increasingly extensively, components in cabin are developed to from large scale structure bay section.Currently, the country has some structure bay sections with mating zero Part has carried out composite material, such as triangle fagging, support, operation lid, regular shape, structure are simple, thickness is smaller, at Type simple process mainly plays certain connection, supporting role.
Composite material bracket is the big thickness abnormal shape multi-cavity component of larger size in cabin, except the supporting role certain to instrument Outside, while it being subjected to the relatively big load generated under certain operating condition, and assembly relation is more, design is to its bearing capacity, internal matter Amount, dimension precision requirement are higher.Therefore how by reasonable mold design, moulding process, it is more to solve the big thickness of larger size Cell method orchid reinforced structure composite material bracket fiber continuity and symmetry laying, pressure effectively apply and uniformly transfer etc. and asks Topic, realizes high quality, the molding of high dimensional accuracy entirety co-curing of composite material bracket, while meeting wanting for structural-load-carrying capacity The technical problem of Seeking Truth urgent need to resolve.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of composite material bracket high quality forming method, by optimization mold design, Composite plys design and medium temperature pre-compacted, mold core replacement, cure process control technology etc., realize composite material bracket High quality entirety co-curing molding, meet model structural weight reduction requirement.
What above-mentioned purpose of the invention was mainly achieved by following technical solution:
A kind of composite material bracket high quality forming method, the molding die of use include under n upper lattice chamber formpistons, m are a Lattice chamber formpiston, n soft mode, side baffle, upper cover plate and lower plate, the upper lattice chamber formpistons of the n, n soft mode shape with wait make The shape of the upper lattice chamber of n of standby bracket matches, the m of the shape of lattice chamber formpiston and bracket to be prepared lower lattice chambers under the m Shape match, specific forming method includes the following steps:
The surface of lattice chamber formpiston under step (1), the surface that prepreg is laid on to n upper lattice chamber formpistons respectively and m；
The prepreg for completing to be laid with is carried out heating pre-compacted by step (2)；
N upper lattice chamber formpistons are removed after step (3), pre-compacted are cooling, form n upper lattice chamber prepreg overlays, it is soft by n Mould is respectively put into the n upper lattice chamber prepreg overlays；
Step (4) assembles the lower lattice chamber formpiston that n upper lattice chamber prepreg overlays are laid with prepreg with m, so that Upper lattice chamber prepreg overlay is contacted and is compressed with lower lattice chamber prepreg overlay；
Lower plate is fixedly connected with the lower lattice chamber formpistons of m and n soft mode by step (5) respectively, side baffle respectively with Upper cover plate, lower plate are fixedly connected, and form closed cavity；
Step (6) is heating and curing, and side baffle, upper cover plate, soft mode and lower plate are removed after the completion of solidification, is answered Condensation material bracket；
Described n, m are positive integer, and n >=2, m >=1.
In above-mentioned forming method, it is laid with prepreg respectively simultaneously in the upper surface of n upper lattice chamber formpistons in the step (1) Under turn to its side surface, lower lattice chamber formpiston is 1, the upper surface of lower lattice chamber formpiston be laid with prepreg and under turn to its side table Face.
In above-mentioned forming method, in step (1) process of deployment, every laying for being laid with 0.5-1mm thickness carries out one It is secondary to vacuumize compacting, the laying degree of packing is improved, extra material side is removed after compacting.
In above-mentioned forming method, pre-compacted in the step (2) method particularly includes: adopt the prepreg for completing to be laid with After successively being wrapped up with isolated material, suction glue material and vacuum bag, pre-compacted is carried out in baking oven, heating platform or autoclave, is protected Temperature is 70-90 DEG C, soaking time 30min-120min.
In above-mentioned forming method, the prepreg be carbon fiber epoxy sweat connecting material, prepreg with a thickness of 0.125-0.20mm, resin quality degree are 30%-38%, volatile content≤1%, fiber areal densities 130- 220g/m2。
In above-mentioned forming method, the soft mode is silicon rubber soft mode, and metal core in silicon rubber soft mode, metal core is under Bottom plate connection.
In above-mentioned forming method, the upper lattice cavity volume V of the bracket to be prepared1With the volume V of silicon rubber soft mode2It Poor Δ V meets: 5% < Δ V/V1< 12%.
In above-mentioned forming method, n upper lattice chamber prepreg overlays and 1 lower lattice chamber prepreg are spread in the step (4) When layer is assembled, the upper lattice chamber prepreg overlay of n of built-in n soft mode is placed sequentially in the lower lattice chamber of built-in lower lattice chamber formpiston Prepreg overlay top, and the upper surface of n upper lattice chamber prepreg overlays contacts simultaneously with the upper surface of lower lattice chamber prepreg overlay It compresses, forms the web of bracket to be prepared, the outer surface and lower lattice chamber prepreg of the upper lattice chamber prepreg overlay of 2 of both ends are spread The outer surface of layer is aligned respectively, forms the listrium of bracket to be prepared, the side surface between adjacent 2 upper lattice chamber prepreg overlays Laying forms the gusset of bracket to be prepared；The upper lattice chamber prepreg overlays of n of the built-in n soft mode be placed side by side on built under The lower lattice chamber prepreg overlay top of lattice chamber formpiston.
In above-mentioned forming method, if the web thickness of bracket to be prepared is H1, listrium is with a thickness of H2, gusset is with a thickness of H3, Then the overlay thickness of prepreg is H1, H2, H3The half of middle minimum value, i.e. overlay thickness are 1/2MIN { H1, H2, H3}。
In above-mentioned forming method, if web thickness H1, listrium thickness H2, gusset thickness H3Midfield plate thickness H1For maximum Value, that is, meet H1≥MAX{H2, H3, then it needs to increase laying web sandwich material, is laid with before assembly；If web thickness H1, listrium thickness H2, gusset thickness H3Midfield plate thickness H1For minimum value, that is, meet H1≤MIN{H2, H3, then it needs to increase paving If gusset sandwich material, is laid with before assembly.
In above-mentioned forming method, the step (4) spreads n upper lattice chamber prepreg overlays and 1 lower lattice chamber prepreg After layer is assembled, if the outside table of the outer surface of the upper lattice chamber prepreg overlay of 2 of both ends and lower lattice chamber prepreg overlay Overlay thickness after face is aligned respectively then increases the prepreg paving of outer surface less than listrium (11) thickness of bracket to be prepared Layer, to meet the thickness requirement of the listrium (11) of bracket to be prepared.
In above-mentioned forming method, the side baffle is two, is U-shaped structure, is formed after the end face alignment of U-shaped structure Annular housing.
It in above-mentioned forming method, is solidificated in baking oven or autoclave and carries out in the step (6), solidification heating rate is 10~40 DEG C/h, solidification temperature is 150 DEG C~185 DEG C, and curing time is 3h~8h.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1), the present invention carries out the preparation of composite material bracket using the molding die of special designing, spreads by using metal Formpiston, metal-silicone rubber (metal core) combine compression molding, outer former (upper cover plate, lower plate, side baffle) to layer up and down, are formed Closed cavity, and by silicon rubber soft mode, metal core collaboration pressurization, solve external pressure can not the gusset of plaid matching chamber apply pressure and muscle Board size precision problem ensure that the molding quality of bracket web, listrium, especially gusset and dimensional accuracy；
(2), the present invention is designed by prepreg overlay using formpiston above and below metal laying, is solved composite material bracket Fiber continuity problem to greatest extent, meets carrying demand；
(3), the present invention is substituted by the control of medium temperature process for pre-compacting, mold core, cure process controls, and solves lattice chamber group Precision, whole co-curing problem are filled, realizes the high quality molding of composite material bracket；
(4), the present invention designs during laying according to the size relationship of the web of bracket to be prepared, listrium and gusset Increase web sandwich material or gusset sandwich material, meets the formed precision and quality of composite material bracket.
(5), the present invention is by optimizing soft mode structural material, and soft mode uses silicon rubber, and soft mode includes gold Belong to core, metal core is connect by screw or pin with lower plate, and gives the lattice cavity volume V of bracket to be prepared1With silicon rubber (metal core) volume V2Difference Δ V need the condition that meets, further ensure the molding quality of gusset and dimensional accuracy.
(6), bracket of the present invention loss of weight about 30%-50% compared with conventional metal member meets space flight model lighting and wants It asks.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is composite material bracket high quality forming method flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is rack forming mold schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is side baffle schematic diagram in molding die of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is composite material bracket laying schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is rack forming mold assembling schematic diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments:
It is as shown in Figure 1 composite material bracket high quality forming method flow chart of the present invention, composite material branch of the invention The forming method of frame specifically comprises the following steps:
1, molding die manufactures and designs
Composite material bracket relies on metal-silicone rubber composable mold, and using integral shaping method, it is special-shaped more to reach big thickness Cavity (lattice chamber side by side, it is non-side by side and deposit) composite material bracket one-pass molding, solve the big thickness multi-cavity flange reinforcement of larger size Structural composite material scaffold fibers continuity and symmetry laying, the problems such as effectively applying and uniformly transfer of pressure, meet knot Structure bearing capacity, high quality, high-precision design requirement.
Mold design is closing, combined type hard mold, in composite material bracket lattice chamber or the intracavitary placement silicon of non-lattice side by side side by side Rubber soft mode, metal core in silicon rubber soft mode solidified composite material by silicon rubber soft mode, metal core collaboration pressurization The uniform effective stress in each side in journey ensure that high quality product molding and dimensional homogeneity.Composite material bracket to be prepared includes Web, listrium, gusset and the lattice chamber up and down of formation.
Molding die includes type metal hard die and silicon rubber soft mode (metal core):
(1) type metal hard die
According to product structure form, type metal hard die is designed, including (n are divided valve to upper lattice chamber formpiston 1, are 3 in the present embodiment Point valve), lower lattice chamber formpiston 2 (entirety or m divide valve, are whole in the present embodiment), side baffle 4 (p block side baffle, side baffle number Amount is designed and divides valve according to product shape face demand, is 2 in the present embodiment), upper cover plate 5, lower plate 6, as shown in Figure 2 For rack forming mold schematic diagram of the present invention, wherein lower lattice chamber formpiston 2 can be the integrated design with lower plate 6, upper cover plate 5, Lower plate 6, side baffle 4 are mechanically connected by bolt, and the housing depth that upper cover plate 5, lower plate 6 are formed after connecting meets to be prepared The requirement of composite material bracket height dimension.
Upper lattice chamber formpiston 1 carries out symmetrical expression with lower lattice chamber formpiston 2 with web thickness position of center line and divides valve, then upper formpiston Divided valve again again with lattice chamber, dividing valve principle is to carry out symmetrical expression with gusset mid-depth line position to divide valve.Guarantee gusset and abdomen The fiber continuity laying of plate.Upper lattice chamber formpiston 1 is only used for laying, and lower lattice chamber formpiston 2 is used for laying and solidification.
If Fig. 3 is side baffle schematic diagram in molding die of the present invention, side baffle 4 is two in the embodiment of the present invention, is U-shaped Structure forms annular housing after the end face alignment of U-shaped structure, and upper cover plate 5 and lower plate 6 are located at the upper surface of annular housing With lower end surface, the inner mold face of side baffle 4 can be curved baffle 4-1, waveform baffle according to the configuration design of bracket to be prepared 4-2 etc., as shown in Figure 3.
(2) silicon rubber soft mode (metal core)
3 size design of silicon rubber soft mode is according to lattice chamber size, shape, composite material bracket briquetting pressure and silicon rubber expansion Characteristic carries out.According to a large number of experiments and research, bracket lattice cavity volume V to be formed1With the volume of silicon rubber soft mode 3 (metal core) V2Difference Δ V meet: 5% < Δ V/V1< 12% provides briquetting pressure P, 0.4MPa < P < 1.5MPa.In silicon rubber soft mode 3 Metal core 3-1, metal core 3-1 are connect by screw or pin 3-2 with lower plate 6.
The upper lattice chambers of n divide the shape of n of valve formpiston 1, the shape of n silicon rubber soft mode 3 and bracket to be prepared upper lattice chambers Shape matches, and the shape of the lower lattice chamber of the shape and bracket to be prepared of lower lattice chamber formpiston 2 matches.
2, prepared by prepreg
Carbon fiber/epoxy resin sweat connecting material is prepared, the quality index of sweat connecting material is prepreg thickness 0.125- 0.20mm, resin quality degree 30%-38%, volatile content≤1%, fiber areal densities 130-220g/m2。
3, prepreg blanking
According to stent size to be prepared, cutting blanking is carried out to prepreg using automatic blanking machine.
4, formpiston laying
It is illustrated in figure 4 composite material bracket laying schematic diagram of the present invention；Divide the upper surface of valve formpiston 1 in n upper lattice chambers Be laid with respectively prepreg and under turn to and be laid on its side surface, the upper surface of lower lattice chamber formpiston 2 be laid with prepreg and under turn to It is laid on its side surface.I.e. laying when formed under the prepreg of web and turn to listrium, guarantee web prepreg and listrium prepreg Fiber is continuous.As shown in figure 4, including upper lattice chamber formpiston laying 20, lower formpiston laying 21, listrium laying 22, web sandwich material paving Layer 23, gusset sandwich material laying 24.
Every laying for being laid with 0.5-1mm thickness carries out once vacuumizing compacting, the laying degree of packing is improved, to extra after compacting Material side be removed.
It is illustrated in figure 5 rack forming mold assembling schematic diagram of the present invention；Prepreg overlay and 1 lower lattice chamber prepreg are spread When layer is assembled, the upper lattice chamber prepreg of n of built-in n soft mode 3 is successively placed side by side on the lower lattice of built-in lower lattice chamber formpiston 2 Chamber prepreg overlay top, and the upper surface of n upper lattice chamber prepreg overlays is contacted with the upper surface of lower lattice chamber prepreg overlay And compress, the web 10 of bracket to be prepared is formed, the outer surface and lower lattice chamber of the upper lattice chamber prepreg overlay of 2 of both ends presoak The outer surface of material laying is aligned respectively, the listrium 11 of bracket to be prepared is formed, on adjacent 2 between lattice chamber prepreg overlays Side surface laying forms the gusset 12 of bracket to be prepared.As shown in Figure 5.
If the web 10 of bracket to be prepared with a thickness of H1, listrium 11 with a thickness of H2, gusset 12 with a thickness of H3, then in advance The overlay thickness of leaching material is H1, H2, H3The half of middle minimum value, i.e. overlay thickness are 1/2MIN { H1, H2, H3}。
If web thickness H1, listrium thickness H2, gusset thickness H3Midfield plate thickness H1For maximum value, that is, meet H1≥MAX {H2, H3, then it needs to increase laying web sandwich material, is laid with before assembly；If web thickness H1, listrium thickness H2, muscle Plate thickness H3Midfield plate thickness H1For minimum value, that is, meet H1≤MIN{H2, H3, then need to increase laying gusset sandwich material, in group It is laid with before dress.
When composite material bracket laying, according to web, listrium, gusset thickness feature, as far as possible the continuity of guarantee fiber and Symmetry laying improves product bearing capacity, as shown in Figure 4.If composite material bracket web thickness H1(4mm≤H1≤ 20mm), Listrium thickness H2, gusset thickness H3, by web and gusset thickness difference Δ H1Individually it is coated with into sandwich material, 1/2MIN { H1, H2, H3Abdomen The continuous laying of prepreg, 1/2MIN { H are carried out with supramarginal plate and gusset above plate1, H2, H3Carry out with inframarginal below web it is pre- Continuous laying is expected in leaching.If H1≥MAX{H2, H3, then sandwich material is web sandwich material, it can be achieved that gusset and web fiber 100% connect It is continuous, web and listrium fiber H2/H1* 100% is continuous；If H1For minimum thickness, H1≤MIN{H2, H3, then sandwich material is gusset folder Core material is, it can be achieved that gusset and web fiber H1/H3* 100% is continuous, web and listrium fiber 100% are continuous.
5, medium temperature pre-compacted
The big thickness of product, which is coated with, easily causes prepreg compaction insufficient, product type face is poor before solidifying, decrement compared with Greatly (15-25%), solidification when extra material squeeze out and generate aerial etc., cause pressure when solidification not transmit effectively uniformly, cause to produce There is large area defect (percentage of defects is greater than 3.5%) in product, thickness deviation is greater than 10%, are unable to satisfy designing technique index and want It asks.In addition, the assembling of the replacement qualifying chamber of lattice chamber formpiston involved in forming process and silicon rubber soft mode, due to laying material pre-polymerization journey It spends low, expects partially soft, demoulding is difficult, and expects that compaction is poor, easily causes assembled position deviation, the problems such as assembling quality is poor, seriously Influence the Forming Quality of product.Therefore pre-compacted must be carried out to product in forming process.
By product using isolated material, inhale glue material, vacuum bag package after, in baking oven, heating platform or autoclave into Row pre-compacted, 70-90 DEG C of holding temperature, soaking time 30min-120min.
6, mold core substitutes
Pre-compacted after cooling, removes n upper lattice chambers and divides valve formpiston 1, form lattice on n prepreg after pre-compacted is cooling N silicon rubber mantle 3 is respectively put on n prepreg in lattice chamber by chamber, shape between lattice chamber on silicon rubber soft mode 3 and prepreg At gap 3-3, as shown in Figure 5.It when necessary, will be upper after first valve formpiston laying material product being divided to freeze 1-2h upper lattice chamber laying Lattice chamber divides valve formpiston 1 to deviate from.Silicon rubber soft mode 3 (metal core) is put into lattice chamber.
7, cavity assembles
Upper lattice chamber laying material and lower lattice chamber laying material are assembled according to drawing, side alignment compresses.Specific assembling ginseng Step 4 is seen, if H1、H2、H3Be not completely equivalent, then specifically described according in step 4, by web sandwich material or gusset sandwich material into After row laying, then assembled.
8, listrium remaining material laying
After assembling, if the outermost surfaces of 2 of both ends upper lattice chamber prepreg overlays and lower lattice chamber prepreg overlay is outer Overlay thickness after side surface is aligned respectively then increases the preimpregnation of outer surface less than the thickness of the listrium 11 of bracket to be prepared Laying is expected, to meet the thickness requirement of the listrium 11 of bracket to be prepared.
9, mold assembles
Two pieces of side baffles 4, upper cover plate 5 are connect with lower plate 6 using screw, i.e., by lower plate 6 and lower lattice chamber formpiston 2 into Row is fixedly connected, and lower plate 6 is fixedly connected with n mantle 3, and side baffle 4 is fixedly connected with upper cover plate 5, lower plate 6 respectively；By Product decrement is larger before solidifying, and carries out 2-4 group using the external former of cramp frame ((upper cover plate, lower plate, side baffle)) Dress is compacted, and removes extra material side, is compressed outer former (upper cover plate, lower plate, side baffle) before solidifying sufficiently, is assembled in place, Form closed cavity 18.
10, heating or heat-pressure curing
It is sent into baking oven or autoclave and solidifies after assembling.Curing process is 10~40 DEG C/h of heating rate in the present embodiment, 150 DEG C~185 DEG C of solidification temperature, curing time 3h~8h.
11, it demoulds
Two pieces of side baffles 4, upper cover plate 5, silicon rubber soft mode 3 are successively removed, product is deviate from from lower plate 6, cleaning is dry The flash of net surrounding, obtains composite material bracket.
The composite material bracket that the present invention is prepared loss of weight about 30%-50% compared with conventional metal member meets boat Its model lighting requirement.
Embodiment 1
Name of product: four cell method orchid reinforced composite material brackets
Product size: arc length 1000mm, web thickness H1For 10mm, gusset thickness H3For 8mm, listrium thickness H2For 8mm. Lay up design is that gusset and web fiber 100% are continuous, and web and listrium fiber 80% are continuous.Laying prepreg with a thickness of 1/ 2MIN{H1, H2, H3, i.e., overlay thickness is 4mm.And meet H1≥MAX{H2, H3, need to increase laying web sandwich material, in group It is laid with before dress.
Implementation steps are as follows:
Mold design is closed metal-rubber composition mold, and upper lattice chamber formpiston is divided into 3 according to gusset mid-depth line Valve, as shown in Figure 2.Product lattice cavity volume V to be formed1With silicon rubber (metal core) volume V2Difference Δ V=7%V1。
Selection prepreg thickness 0.15mm, resin content 35 ± 3%, volatile content≤1%, fiber areal densities 165 ± 5g/m2。
According to product size, cutting blanking is carried out to prepreg using automatic blanking machine.
Divide on valve formpiston and lower lattice chamber formpiston progress prepreg 4mm laying in upper lattice chamber laying, when laying forms web Listrium is turned under prepreg, guarantees that web prepreg and listrium prepreg fiber are continuous.2mm web sandwich material is spread simultaneously.Often The progress of 0.6mm laying once vacuumizes compacting, is removed after compacting to extra material side.
After product is wrapped up using isolated material, suction glue material, vacuum bag, pre-compacted, holding temperature are carried out in an oven 80-85 DEG C, soaking time 45min.
After pre-compacted, divides upper lattice chamber laying to valve formpiston laying material cooling 1h in icebox, upper lattice chamber formpiston block is deviate from. Silicon rubber soft mode (metal core) is put into lattice chamber.
By web sandwich material laying on lower lattice chamber laying material, then upper lattice chamber laying material and lower lattice chamber are spread according to drawing Layered material is assembled, and side alignment compresses.
It completes listrium residue 4mm and expects laying.
Two pieces of side baffles, upper cover plate and lower plate laying mould are connected using screw.2 are carried out using the external former of cramp frame Secondary assembling compacting, removes extra material side, compresses outer former before solidifying sufficiently, assembling in place, forms closed cavity.
It is sent into baking oven or autoclave and solidifies after assembling.Curing process is 20~30 DEG C/h of heating rate, solidification temperature 165 DEG C~175 DEG C, curing time 6h.
After solidification, two pieces of side baffles, upper cover plate, silicon rubber soft mode are successively removed, product is deviate from from lower plate, cleared up The flash of clean surrounding, obtains product.
Embodiment 2
Name of product: six cell method orchid reinforced composite material brackets
Product size: arc length 1500mm, web thickness H1For 12mm, gusset thickness H3For 14mm, listrium thickness H2For 12mm.Lay up design is that gusset and web fiber 85.7% are continuous, and web and listrium fiber 100% are continuous.Laying prepreg With a thickness of 1/2MIN { H1, H2, H3, i.e., overlay thickness is 6mm.Meet H1≤MIN{H2, H3, then need to increase laying gusset folder Core material is laid with before assembly.
Implementation steps are as follows:
Mold design is closed metal-rubber composition mold, and upper lattice chamber formpiston is divided into 5 valves according to gusset center line. Shaped article lattice cavity volume V1With silicon rubber (metal core) volume V2Difference Δ V=6%V1。
Selection prepreg thickness 0.15mm, resin content 35 ± 3%, volatile content≤1%, fiber areal densities 165 ± 5g/m2。
According to product size, cutting blanking is carried out to prepreg using automatic blanking machine.
Divide on valve formpiston and lower lattice chamber formpiston progress prepreg 6mm laying in upper lattice chamber laying, when laying forms web Listrium is turned under prepreg, guarantees that web prepreg and listrium prepreg fiber are continuous.2mm gusset sandwich material is spread simultaneously.Every 1mm Laying progress once vacuumizes compacting, is removed after compacting to extra material side.
After product is wrapped up using isolated material, suction glue material, vacuum bag, pre-compacted, holding temperature are carried out in an oven 85-90 DEG C, soaking time 30min.
After pre-compacted, divides upper lattice chamber laying to valve formpiston laying material cooling 2h in icebox, upper lattice chamber formpiston block is deviate from. Silicon rubber soft mode (metal core) is put into lattice chamber.
Upper lattice chamber laying material and lower lattice chamber laying material are assembled according to drawing, 2mm gusset sandwich material is sandwiched between gusset, Side alignment, compresses.
It completes listrium residue 6mm and expects laying.
Two pieces of side baffles, upper cover plate and lower plate laying mould are connected using screw.4 are carried out using the external former of cramp frame Secondary assembling compacting, removes extra material side, compresses outer former before solidifying sufficiently, assembling in place, forms closed cavity.
It is sent into baking oven or autoclave and solidifies after assembling.Curing process is 10~15 DEG C/h of heating rate, solidification temperature 170 DEG C~180 DEG C, curing time 6h.
After solidification, two pieces of side baffles, upper cover plate, silicon rubber soft mode are successively removed, product is deviate from from lower plate, cleared up The flash of clean surrounding, obtains product.
The above, optimal specific embodiment only of the invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by anyone skilled in the art, It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
The content that description in the present invention is not described in detail belongs to the well-known technique of professional and technical personnel in the field.

Claims (13)

1. a kind of composite material bracket high quality forming method, it is characterised in that: the molding die of use includes n upper lattice chamber sun Mould (1), m lower lattice chamber formpiston (2), n soft mode (3), side baffle (4), upper cover plate (5) and lower plates (6), the n upper lattice The shape of the upper lattice chambers of n of chamber formpiston (1), the shape of n soft mode (3) and bracket to be prepared matches, the m lower lattice chambers sun The shape of mould (2) and the shape of m lower lattice chambers of bracket to be prepared match, and specific forming method includes the following steps:
The surface of lattice chamber formpiston (2) under step (1), the surface that prepreg is laid on to n upper lattice chamber formpistons (1) respectively and m；
The prepreg for completing to be laid with is carried out heating pre-compacted by step (2)；
N upper lattice chamber formpistons (1) are removed after step (3), pre-compacted are cooling, form n upper lattice chamber prepreg overlays, it is soft by n Mould (3) is respectively put into the n upper lattice chamber prepreg overlays；
Step (4) assembles the lower lattice chamber formpiston (2) that n upper lattice chamber prepreg overlays are laid with prepreg with m, so that Upper lattice chamber prepreg overlay is contacted and is compressed with lower lattice chamber prepreg overlay；
Lower plate (6) is fixedly connected with m lower lattice chamber formpistons (2) and n soft mode, side baffle (4) by step (5) respectively It is fixedly connected respectively with upper cover plate (5), lower plate (6), forms closed cavity；
Step (6) is heating and curing, and side baffle (4), upper cover plate (5), soft mode (3) and lower plate are removed after the completion of solidification (6), composite material bracket is obtained；
Described n, m are positive integer, and n >=2, m >=1.
2. forming method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in n upper lattice chamber formpistons (1) in the step (1) Upper surface be laid with respectively prepreg and under turn to its side surface, lower lattice chamber formpiston (2) is 1, in the upper of lower lattice chamber formpiston (2) Surface be laid with prepreg and under turn to its side surface.
3. forming method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1) process of deployment, every laying 0.5- The laying of 1mm thickness carries out once vacuumizing compacting, improves the laying degree of packing, is removed after compacting to extra material side.
4. forming method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: pre-compacted in the step (2) method particularly includes: To complete the prepreg being laid with using isolated material, inhale after glue material and vacuum bag successively wrap up, in baking oven, heating platform or heat Pre-compacted is carried out in pressure tank, holding temperature is 70-90 DEG C, soaking time 30min-120min.
5. forming method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the prepreg is that carbon fiber epoxy hot melt is pre- Leaching material, prepreg is with a thickness of 0.125-0.20mm, and resin quality degree is 30%-38%, volatile content≤1%, Fiber areal densities are 130-220g/m2。
6. forming method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the soft mode (3) is silicon rubber soft mode, and silicon rubber is soft Metal core in mould, metal core are connect with lower plate (6).
7. forming method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the upper lattice cavity volume V of the bracket to be prepared1With The volume V of silicon rubber soft mode2Difference Δ V meet: 5% < Δ V/V1< 12%.
8. forming method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: n upper lattice chamber prepreg overlays in the step (4) When being assembled with 1 lower lattice chamber prepreg overlay, the upper lattice chamber prepreg overlay of n of built-in n soft mode (3) is placed sequentially in The lower lattice chamber prepreg overlay top of built-in lower lattice chamber formpiston (2), and the upper surface of a upper lattice chamber prepreg overlay of n and lower lattice chamber The upper surface of prepreg overlay contacts and compresses, and forms the web (10) of bracket to be prepared, the upper lattice chamber prepreg paving of 2 of both ends The outer surface of layer is aligned respectively with the outer surface of lower lattice chamber prepreg overlay, forms the listrium (11) of bracket to be prepared, phase Side surface laying between adjacent 2 upper lattice chamber prepreg overlays forms the gusset (12) of bracket to be prepared；The built-in n soft mode (3) the upper lattice chamber prepreg overlay of n is placed side by side on the lower lattice chamber prepreg overlay top of built-in lower lattice chamber formpiston (2).
9. forming method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: set the web (10) of bracket to be prepared with a thickness of H1, edge Plate (11) is with a thickness of H2, gusset (12) is with a thickness of H3, then the overlay thickness of prepreg is H1, H2, H3The half of middle minimum value, that is, spread Layer is with a thickness of 1/2MIN { H1, H2, H3}。
10. forming method according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterised in that: if web thickness H1, listrium thickness H2, gusset Thickness H3Midfield plate thickness H1For maximum value, that is, meet H1≥MAX{H2, H3, then it needs to increase laying web sandwich material, is assembling It is laid with before；If web thickness H1, listrium thickness H2, gusset thickness H3Midfield plate thickness H1For minimum value, that is, meet H1≤ MIN{H2, H3, then it needs to increase laying gusset sandwich material, is laid with before assembly.
11. forming method according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterised in that: the step (4) goes up lattice chamber prepregs for n After laying and 1 lower lattice chamber prepreg overlay are assembled, if the outer surface of the upper lattice chamber prepreg overlay of 2 of both ends is under The outer surface of lattice chamber prepreg overlay be aligned respectively after overlay thickness, less than listrium (11) thickness of bracket to be prepared, then Increase the prepreg overlay of outer surface, to meet the thickness requirement of the listrium (11) of bracket to be prepared.
12. forming method described in one of -7 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the side baffle (4) is two, is U Type structure forms annular housing after the end face alignment of U-shaped structure.
13. forming method described in one of -7 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: be solidificated in the step (6) baking oven or Carried out in autoclave, solidification heating rate be 10~40 DEG C/h, solidification temperature be 150 DEG C~185 DEG C, curing time be 3h~ 8h。
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