CN107197884A - 一种植物杀虫剂 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种植物杀虫剂,所述植物杀虫剂的组成按重量份计为:牛蒡10~15份、韭菜3~8份、酸模2~9份、樟脑1~5份、苦瓜5~10份、蛇床子1~4份、百部8~12份、烟碱2~7份、抗冻剂1~3份、增效剂4~10份、溶剂20~50份;该植物杀虫剂以牛蒡、韭菜、酸模、樟脑、苦瓜、蛇床子、百部、烟碱为原料制成对人畜无害、加入了多种植物成分可以扩大杀菌杀虫谱,加入芸苔素内酯,提高了果蔬结果率和品质,更重量的是加入抗冻剂可以有效的增强植物的防寒抗冻性。同时,对果蔬不产生药害、杀虫效果好,制作简单、成本低廉的环境友好型植物杀虫剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农药领域,特别地,涉及一种植物杀虫剂。
背景技术
目前,人工合成的化学农药约500余种,这些农药的广泛使用,不仅造成环境的严重污染,同时对人体健康造成危害,农药主要由三条途径进入人体内:一是偶然大量接触,如误食;二是长期接触一定量的农药,如农药厂的工人、周围居民和使用农药的农民;三是日常生活接触环境和食品、化妆品中的残留农药,后者是大量人群遭受农药污染的主要原因,环境中大量的残留农药可通过食物链经生物富集作用,最终进入人体,农药对人体的危害主要表现为三种形式:急性中毒、慢性危害和″三致″危害。
由于长期不合理使用已导致害虫产生抗药性,且有些害虫已发展到难以防治的地步,严重影响作物的产量和质量。在越来越注重环境质量的今日,人们对杀虫剂高效、低毒、低残留品质的要求也越来越高。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种植物杀虫剂,该植物杀虫剂以牛蒡、韭菜、酸模、樟脑、苦瓜、蛇床子、百部、烟碱为原料制成对人畜无害、对果蔬不产生药害、杀虫效果好,制作简单、成本低廉的环境友好型植物杀虫剂。
具体地,本发明通过以下技术方案实现:
一种植物杀虫剂,所述植物杀虫剂的组成按重量份计为:牛蒡10~15份、韭菜3~8份、酸模2~9份、樟脑1~5份、苦瓜5~10份、蛇床子1~4份、百部8~12份、烟碱2~7份、抗冻剂1~3份、增效剂4~10份、溶剂20~50份;
进一步地,所述抗冻剂为乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、聚乙二醇、异丙醇、丁醇、尿素、硫酸铵、氯化钠、氯化钙中的至少一种;
进一步地,所述增效剂为丰加霉素或芸苔素内酯;
进一步地,所述溶剂为水或乙醇;
进一步地,所述的植物杀虫剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按重量份配比称取牛蒡、韭菜、酸模、樟脑、苦瓜、蛇床子、百部、烟碱,放入粉碎机中粉碎,充分均匀搅拌;
(2)将步骤(1)所得的混合粉末加入到浸取釜中,按配比加入防冻剂、增效剂和溶剂,加热充分搅拌均匀;
(3)将步骤(2)所得混合物降温后,再进行高速离心分离;
(4)制成体积浓度为40~50%的植物杀虫剂;
进一步地,步骤(1)粉碎的细粉为60目以上;
进一步地,步骤(2)加热温度为60~80℃;
进一步地,步骤(3)温度降至室温;
进一步地,所述步骤(3)高速离心采用每分钟5000转的离心机进行离心分离;
进一步地,所述植物杀虫剂在果木、蔬菜中进行杀菌、灭虫和除害的应用。
本发明具有以下有益效果:
(1)本发明一种植物杀虫剂,以牛蒡、韭菜、酸模、樟脑、苦瓜、蛇床子、百部、烟碱为原料制成对人畜无害、对果蔬不产生药害、杀虫效果好,制作简单、成本低廉的环境友好型植物杀虫剂。
(2)本发明加入了多种植物成分可以扩大杀菌杀虫谱,加入芸苔素内酯,提高了果蔬结果率和品质,更重量的是加入抗冻剂可以有效的增强植物的防寒抗冻性。
(3)本发明的原料价格低廉、生产工艺简单,同时,制得杀虫剂具有杀虫效果良好、不污染环境、杀虫持效期长等多种优势。
除了上面所描述的目的、特征和优点之外,本发明还有其它的目的、特征和优点。下面结合实施例,对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的实施例进行详细说明,但是本发明可以根据权利要求限定和覆盖的多种不同方式实施。
实施例1
配方:
一种植物杀虫剂,所述植物杀虫剂的组成按重量份计为:牛蒡10份、韭菜4份、酸模5份、樟脑3份、苦瓜6份、蛇床子2份、百部9份、烟碱3份、丙二醇1份、丙三醇1份、芸苔素内酯6份、水30份;
制备方法:
所述的植物杀虫剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按重量份配比称取牛蒡、韭菜、酸模、樟脑、苦瓜、蛇床子、百部、烟碱,放入粉碎机中粉碎成细粉为60目以上,充分均匀搅拌;
(2)将步骤(1)所得的混合粉末加入到浸取釜中,按配比加入丙二醇、丙三醇、芸苔素内酯、水,加热至温度为60℃;充分搅拌均匀;
(3)将步骤(2)所得混合物降至室温后,再放置在每分钟5000转的离心机中进行高速离心分离;
(4)制成体积浓度为40~50%的植物杀虫剂。
应用:
一种植物杀虫剂在果木、蔬菜中进行杀菌、灭虫和除害方面的应用
实施例2
配方:
一种植物杀虫剂,所述植物杀虫剂的组成按重量份计为:牛蒡11份、韭菜4份、酸模4份、樟脑3份、苦瓜6份、蛇床子2份、百部5份、烟碱4份、氯化钠1份、氯化钙1份、丰加霉素6份、乙醇30份;
制备方法:
所述的植物杀虫剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按重量份配比称取牛蒡、韭菜、酸模、樟脑、苦瓜、蛇床子、百部、烟碱,放入粉碎机中粉碎成细粉为80目以上,充分均匀搅拌;
(2)将步骤(1)所得的混合粉末加入到浸取釜中,按配比加入氯化钠、氯化钙、丰加霉素、乙醇,加热至温度为70℃;充分搅拌均匀;
(3)将步骤(2)所得混合物降至室温后,再放置在每分钟5000转的离心机中进行高速离心分离;
(4)制成体积浓度为40~50%的植物杀虫剂。
应用:
所述植物杀虫剂在果木、蔬菜中进行杀菌、灭虫和除害的应用。
实施例3
配方:
一种植物杀虫剂,所述植物杀虫剂的组成按重量份计为:牛蒡13份、韭菜6份、酸模6份、樟脑5份、苦瓜7份、蛇床子3份、百部10份、烟碱4份、丙二醇1份、丙三醇1份、聚乙二醇1份、芸苔素内酯6份、乙醇40份;
制备方法:
(1)按重量份配比称取牛蒡、韭菜、酸模、樟脑、苦瓜、蛇床子、百部、烟碱,放入粉碎机中粉碎成细粉为80目以上,充分均匀搅拌;
(2)将步骤(1)所得的混合粉末加入到浸取釜中,按配比加入丙二醇、丙三醇、聚乙二醇、芸苔素内酯、乙醇,加热至温度为80℃;充分搅拌均匀;
(3)将步骤(2)所得混合物降至室温后,再放置在每分钟5000转的离心机中进行高速离心分离;
(4)制成体积浓度为40~50%的植物杀虫剂。
应用:
所述植物杀虫剂在果木、蔬菜中进行杀菌、灭虫和除害的应用。
实施例4
配方:
一种植物杀虫剂,所述植物杀虫剂的组成按重量份计为:牛蒡15份、韭菜7份、酸模8份、樟脑5份、苦瓜8份、蛇床子3份、百部11份、烟碱6份、聚乙二醇1份、异丙醇1份、丁醇1份、丰加霉素8份、水45份;
制备方法:
所述的植物杀虫剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按重量份配比称取牛蒡、韭菜、酸模、樟脑、苦瓜、蛇床子、百部、烟碱,放入粉碎机中粉碎成细粉为80目以上,充分均匀搅拌;
(2)将步骤(1)所得的混合粉末加入到浸取釜中,按配比加入聚乙二醇、异丙醇、丁醇、丰加霉素、水,加热至温度为80℃;充分搅拌均匀;
(3)将步骤(2)所得混合物降至室温后,再放置在每分钟5000转的离心机中进行高速离心分离;
(4)制成体积浓度为40~50%的植物杀虫剂。
应用:
所述植物杀虫剂在果木、蔬菜中进行杀菌、灭虫和除害的应用。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种植物杀虫剂,其特征在于,所述植物杀虫剂的组成按重量份计为:牛蒡10~15份、韭菜3~8份、酸模2~9份、樟脑1~5份、苦瓜5~10份、蛇床子1~4份、百部8~12份、烟碱2~7份、抗冻剂1~3份、增效剂4~10份、溶剂20~50份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的植物杀虫剂,其特征在于,所述抗冻剂为乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、聚乙二醇、异丙醇、丁醇、尿素、硫酸铵、氯化钠、氯化钙中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的植物杀虫剂,其特征在于,所述增效剂为丰加霉素或芸苔素内酯。
4.根据权利要求1所述的植物杀虫剂,其特征在于,所述溶剂为水或乙醇。
5.根据权利要求1~4所述的植物杀虫剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按重量份配比称取牛蒡、韭菜、酸模、樟脑、苦瓜、蛇床子、百部、烟碱,放入粉碎机中粉碎,充分均匀搅拌;
(2)将步骤(1)所得的混合粉末加入到浸取釜中,按配比加入防冻剂、增效剂和溶剂,加热充分搅拌均匀;
(3)将步骤(2)所得混合物降温后,再进行高速离心分离;
(4)制成体积浓度为40~50%的植物杀虫剂。
6.根据权利要求5所述的植物杀虫剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)粉碎的细粉为60目以上。
7.根据权利要求5所述的植物杀虫剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)加热温度为60~80℃。
8.根据权利要求5所述的植物杀虫剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)温度降至室温。
9.根据权利要求5所述的植物杀虫剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)高速离心采用每分钟5000转的离心机进行离心分离。
10.根据权利要求1所述的植物杀虫剂在果木、蔬菜中进行杀菌、灭虫和除害的应用。
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