CN107196422B - Nonlinear resonant magnetic field energy acquisition device based on electromagnetic induction principle - Google Patents
Nonlinear resonant magnetic field energy acquisition device based on electromagnetic induction principle Download PDFInfo
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- CN107196422B CN107196422B CN201710500775.9A CN201710500775A CN107196422B CN 107196422 B CN107196422 B CN 107196422B CN 201710500775 A CN201710500775 A CN 201710500775A CN 107196422 B CN107196422 B CN 107196422B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nonlinear resonant magnetic field energy collecting device based on the electromagnetic induction principle, which comprises: a fixed frame; a rotating unit including a rotatable permanent magnet and at least one shaft; at least one set of surrounding coils; the rotatable permanent magnet is restrained at a balance position by at least one fixed permanent magnet, when the rotatable permanent magnet works, the rotatable permanent magnet periodically swings around the balance position under the action of a magnetic field generated by a current-carrying lead, an electric energy enough to support the normal work of the sensing node can be induced in at least one group of surrounding coils by a moving magnetic field generated during the swinging, and the rotatable permanent magnet is enabled to be in a resonance state under the power frequency condition by adjusting the size of a direct current bias magnetic field, wherein the resonance state has a nonlinear characteristic. The collecting device has the advantages of high power density, wide frequency band, high reliability, non-invasive type, low cost and the like, can be more suitable for the application requirement of collecting magnetic field energy around a wire, and can realize reliable energy supply of a sensing device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy acquisition, in particular to a nonlinear resonant magnetic field energy acquisition device based on an electromagnetic induction principle.
Background
The novel smart power grid has the main characteristics of robustness, self-healing, compatibility, economy, integration and optimization, and provides new requirements for technologies such as a fault detection and positioning technology, a power grid dynamic evaluation technology, a wide area monitoring technology, a high-speed real-time communication technology and big data acquisition and analysis. The wireless intelligent sensing node is used as a basic unit for supporting the technology, and plays a vital role in safe and stable operation of a power grid, optimized allocation of system power flow, accumulated analysis of operation data and application of other novel intelligent power grids.
At present, considering the difficulty of installation and maintenance of novel smart grid requirements and sensing nodes, the wireless intelligent sensing node needs to have the following characteristics: self-powered, long service life, high performance and stability, high integration, low cost, capability of remote wireless communication, and non-invasive configuration. The wireless sensing node is generally composed of a sensing module, a wireless communication module and an energy supply module. With the application of new materials, the development of micromachining technology and the practicability of forward-edge physical research, the sensing technology and the wireless communication technology are rapidly developed, and the indexes of performance, reliability, integration level, cost performance, service life and the like of the novel sensor are greatly improved. The development of long-life, highly reliable and non-invasive energy supply technologies is slow. The lack of energy supply means also becomes a major bottleneck limiting the development of intelligent wireless sensing nodes.
In the related art, people aim at the environmental energy collection technology for solving the energy supply problem of the wireless sensing node. The novel sensor is powered by collecting energy such as wind, light, heat, electricity, magnetism, vibration and the like in the environment. Besides the energy of the power frequency electric field and the magnetic field, other energy forms are unstable, and the energy storage elements such as batteries and the like are required to work stably. Considering the limited service life of the battery, the number of sensing nodes and the maintenance difficulty, the energy acquisition technology of other energy forms which needs to be used together with the battery is difficult to fit with the actual requirement of the smart grid monitoring. Conventional sensor energy supply methods include capacitive divider bus energy extraction and CT bus energy extraction. Although the two energy supply modes fully utilize the power frequency electric field and magnetic field energy which are widely dispersed and very stable around the power transmission system, the two energy supply modes also have inherent defects which are difficult to overcome. The capacitive voltage divider bus energy taking mode has the defects of low power density and intrusive energy collection; the CT bus energy-taking mode has the disadvantages of inconvenient installation (needing to be configured around a wire), easy damage under transient high current, and the like.
Therefore, the energy supply technology of the wireless sensing node is still an open hotspot issue. The advanced sensor energy supply technology with non-invasion, miniaturization, high power density, reliability, stability and low cost needs to be researched urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application is based on the recognition and discovery by the inventors of the following problems:
compared with a non-resonant energy collection mode (output is in direct proportion to input) represented by CT bus energy taking, the resonant energy collection mode has strong resistance to high-frequency transient current. Resonant energy collection methods include linear resonant and nonlinear resonant energy collection. The nonlinear resonant energy collection mode has higher power density and wider bandwidth (a typical frequency response curve diagram of the nonlinear resonant energy collection mode and the resonant energy collection mode is shown in fig. 1), and can better adapt to amplitude and frequency fluctuation of power grid current. Therefore, the nonlinear resonant energy acquisition device can well adapt to the energy supply requirement of the wireless sensing node of the smart grid.
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a nonlinear resonance type magnetic field energy acquisition device based on the electromagnetic induction principle, which can be more suitable for the application requirement of acquiring magnetic field energy around a conducting wire and can realize reliable energy supply of a sensing device.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a non-linear resonant magnetic field energy collecting apparatus based on electromagnetic induction principle, including: a fixed frame; a rotating unit embedded in the fixed frame, the rotating unit including a rotatable permanent magnet and at least one shaft; at least one set of wrap coils wound on the stationary frame; the rotatable permanent magnet is restrained and stabilized at the balance position by a direct current bias magnetic field generated by the at least one fixed permanent magnet when the rotatable part is static, the rotatable permanent magnet can periodically swing around the balance position under the action of a magnetic field generated by the current-carrying lead when the rotating unit works, the rotatable permanent magnet can reach a resonance state under a power frequency condition by adjusting the size of the direct current bias magnetic field, the swing amplitude reaches the maximum value under the resonance state, electric energy enough for supporting normal work of the sensing node can be induced in the at least one group of surrounding coils by a moving magnetic field generated during swing, and the energy acquisition device has an extremely wide frequency band due to nonlinear frequency response.
According to the nonlinear resonance type magnetic field energy collecting device based on the electromagnetic induction principle, when the device works, the rotatable permanent magnet is driven by an alternating current external magnetic field generated by the current-carrying conducting wire to swing around a balance position to a large extent, and electric energy is induced in the surrounding coil.
In addition, the nonlinear resonant magnetic field energy harvesting device based on the electromagnetic induction principle according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
further, in an embodiment of the present invention, since the torque of the dc bias magnetic field provided by the fixed permanent magnet of the at least one fixed permanent magnet acting on the rotatable permanent magnet varies non-linearly with the rotation angle, the typical frequency response of the energy harvesting device exhibits a non-linear characteristic.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the constraint conditions of the current carrying wire configuration are: when the current carrying wires are arranged, the wires are required to be arranged in the central section of the energy collecting device along the y axis.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the rotation unit further includes: the bearing comprises a plurality of bearing fixing pieces and a plurality of bearings, wherein the rotatable permanent magnet, the at least one shaft and the inner rings of the bearings are rotatable parts, the bearing fixing pieces and the outer rings of the bearings are fixed parts, the at least one shaft is one or two, and the bearing fixing pieces and the bearings are two.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the at least one fixed permanent magnet is one or two.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the at least one shaft and the plurality of bearing mounts are both non-magnetically conductive materials, and the mounting frame is made of a material that is neither magnetically conductive nor electrically conductive to suppress eddy current effects.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, a method of manufacturing a rotary unit includes: manufacturing the rotatable permanent magnet by adopting a sintering or bonding process, and punching holes with the same size at the center positions of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the rotatable permanent magnet before electroplating and magnetizing the rotatable permanent magnet; if the central hole of the rotatable permanent magnet is through, a shaft is manufactured, the outer diameter of the middle section of the shaft is consistent with the inner diameter of the hole, and the shaft is tightly matched with the central hole of the rotatable permanent magnet in a compression joint mode; if the central hole of the rotatable permanent magnet is not communicated, manufacturing two shafts, wherein the outer diameters of one ends of the two shafts are consistent with the inner diameter of the hole and are tightly matched with the central hole of the rotatable permanent magnet in a compression joint mode, and the outer diameters of the other ends of the two shafts are consistent with the size of an inner ring of a bearing and are tightly matched with the inner ring of the bearing in the compression joint mode; two bearing fixing pieces are manufactured, the width of the outer dimension of each bearing fixing piece is smaller than that of the square through hole in the fixing frame, the inner diameter of each bearing fixing piece is consistent with the outer diameter of the bearing outer ring, and the two bearing fixing pieces are respectively in tight fit with the bearings at the two ends in a compression joint mode.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing the fixing frame includes: drilling a through square hole in the center of a square non-conductive non-magnetic material, milling a step at the middle part of the outer side of the fixed frame along the through direction of the square hole, and chamfering the outer contour of the fixed frame; if the bearing fixing pieces are manufactured in a single manufacturing mode, the rotating unit obtained after the two bearing fixing pieces are matched with the bearings in a compression joint mode is arranged in the center of the square through hole of the fixing frame; if the bearing fixing piece is directly manufactured on the fixing frame, a circular through hole is formed in the center of the upper bottom surface and the center of the lower bottom surface of the fixing frame along the direction perpendicular to the square through hole, the inner diameter of the circular through hole is consistent with the outer diameter of the bearing outer ring, and after the rotatable permanent magnet with the bearings pressed at two ends is placed in the center of the square through hole of the fixing frame, the two ends of the bearing are respectively pressed into the circular through holes of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface in a compression joint mode.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the winding method of the surrounding coil includes: the multiple groups of surrounding coils are respectively wound on the fixed frame in a grouping mode of layers or in a grouping mode along the y direction, and each group is connected in series or in parallel.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, the number of winding layers around the coil, the number of winding turns per layer, the diameter of the coil, and the material of the coil are all adjustable.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram comparing a typical non-linear frequency response plot (left) with other linear frequency response plots (right) in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a nonlinear resonant magnetic field energy harvesting device based on the electromagnetic induction principle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
the method comprises the steps of 1-a rotatable permanent magnet, 2-an axis, 3-a surrounding coil, 4-a fixed frame, 5-a fixed permanent magnet, 6-a bearing, 7-a bearing fixing piece, 8-a direct current bias magnetic field and 9-a current-carrying lead to generate an alternating current bias magnetic field.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The following describes a non-linear resonant magnetic field energy harvesting device based on the electromagnetic induction principle according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a nonlinear resonant magnetic field energy harvesting device based on the electromagnetic induction principle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the nonlinear resonant magnetic field energy harvesting apparatus based on the electromagnetic induction principle includes: a rotatable permanent magnet 1, at least one shaft (shown as shaft 2), at least one set of encircling coils (shown as encircling coils 3), a stationary frame 4, at least one stationary permanent magnet (shown as stationary permanent magnet 5).
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the rotation unit further includes: a plurality of bearing mounts and a plurality of bearings. Wherein the rotatable permanent magnet, the at least one shaft and the inner rings of the plurality of bearings are rotatable parts, and the outer rings of the plurality of bearing fixtures and the plurality of bearings are fixed parts.
It can be understood that the acquisition device of the embodiment of the present invention further includes: a plurality of bearings (shown as bearings 6) and a plurality of bearing mounts (shown as bearing mounts 7). It should be noted that, although the following embodiments take the bearing and the bearing fixing part as examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any energy harvesting device may not have the bearing and the bearing fixing part, and only needs to be configured in a similar manner, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
Specifically, fig. 2(a) is a top sectional view of the apparatus, and fig. 2(b) is a front sectional view of the apparatus, wherein a rotating unit is embedded in a fixed frame 4, the rotating unit includes a rotatable permanent magnet 1, at least one shaft, a plurality of bearing holders and a plurality of bearings, wherein inner rings of the rotatable permanent magnet 1, the at least one shaft and the plurality of bearings are rotatable parts, and outer rings of the plurality of bearing holders and the plurality of bearings are fixed parts. At least one set of encircling coils is wound on the fixed frame 4. When the rotatable part is static, the rotatable part is restrained and stabilized at a balance position by a direct current bias magnetic field 8 generated by at least one fixed permanent magnet, and when the rotatable part works, a magnetic field 9 generated by a current-carrying lead swings around the balance position periodically, and the rotatable permanent magnet 1 can reach a resonance state under a power frequency condition by adjusting the size of the direct current bias magnetic field 8. In a resonance state, the swinging amplitude reaches a maximum value, the moving magnetic field generated during swinging can induce electric energy which is enough to support the normal operation of the sensing node in at least one group of surrounding coils 3, and the energy acquisition device has an extremely wide frequency band due to the nonlinear frequency response. The device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of high power density, wide frequency band, high reliability, non-intrusive mode, low cost and the like, can be more suitable for the application requirement of collecting magnetic field energy around a wire, and can realize reliable energy supply of a sensing device.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the number of the at least one shaft may be one or two, the number of the bearing fixing members and the number of the bearings may be two, and the number of the at least one fixing permanent magnet may be one or two, that is, one, or both sides as shown in the drawing. For example, the device may include 1 rotatable permanent magnet, 1 or 2 shafts, 1 or more sets of surrounding coils, 1 fixed frame, 2 fixed permanent magnets, 2 bearings, and 2 bearing fixtures, which are not particularly limited herein.
It can be understood that, as shown in fig. 2, the non-linear resonant magnetic field energy harvesting apparatus based on the electromagnetic induction principle according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: rotatable permanent magnet 1, shaft 2, surrounding coil 3, fixed frame 4, fixed permanent magnet 5, bearing 6 and bearing fixing 7. The rotatable permanent magnet 1, the shaft 2, the bearing fixing piece 7 and the bearing 6 jointly form a rotating unit, the rotating unit is embedded into the fixed frame 4, and the surrounding coil 3 is wound on the fixed frame 4. The stationary permanent magnet 5 provides a bias magnetic field 8 that constrains the rotatable permanent magnet 1 in an equilibrium position. When the device works, the rotatable permanent magnet 1 is driven by an alternating current bias magnetic field 9 generated by the current-carrying conducting wire to greatly swing around a balance position, and electric energy is induced in a surrounding coil.
For example, as shown in fig. 2, the rotatable permanent magnet 1, the shaft 2, the bearing 6 and the bearing fixture 7 together constitute a rotating unit. The center of the rotatable permanent magnet 1 is provided with a cylindrical hole, and the shaft 2 passes through the center hole of the rotatable permanent magnet 1 and is tightly pressed and matched with the rotatable permanent magnet 1. The two ends of the shaft are respectively in close compression joint fit with the inner rings of the two bearings 6. The outer rings of the two bearings 6 are respectively in close press fit with the two bearing fixing pieces 7. The fixed frame 4 is square in shape (xz section) size, a square through hole is formed in the middle, square steps are arranged at two ends (along the y axis) of the fixed frame 4, and the edge of the outer size of the fixed frame 4 is an arc-shaped chamfer. The surrounding coil 3 is uniformly wound under the outer step of the fixed frame 4. The rotating unit is in close press fit with the inner square through hole of the fixed frame 4. After crimping, the center of the shaft 2 is located at the very center of the square through hole inside the fixed frame 4 in the xy section of the device. The fixed permanent magnets 5 are fixed to both sides of the fixed frame 4 along the x-axis.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, since the moment of the dc bias magnetic field 8 provided by the fixed permanent magnet 5 in the at least one fixed permanent magnet acting on the rotatable permanent magnet 1 varies nonlinearly with the rotation angle, the typical frequency response of the energy harvesting device exhibits a nonlinear characteristic.
It will be appreciated that since the moment of the dc bias field 8 provided by the stationary permanent magnet 5 acting on the rotatable permanent magnet 1 varies non-linearly with the angle of rotation, the typical frequency response of the device exhibits a non-linear characteristic as shown in fig. 1 (a). The moving magnetic field generated when the rotatable permanent magnet 1 swings in the resonance state induces electric energy sufficient to support the normal operation of the sensing node in the surrounding coil, and the energy harvesting device has an extremely wide frequency band due to the nonlinear frequency response.
Specifically, when the device works, the rotatable permanent magnet 1, the shaft 2 and the inner ring of the bearing 6 are rotatable parts, and other parts of the device are fixed parts. The fixed permanent magnet 5 provides a dc bias magnetic field 8 for the rotating unit, and the equilibrium position of the rotatable permanent magnet 1 is shown in fig. 2 under the action of the dc bias magnetic field 8. When the current carrying wires are arranged to supply the energy harvesting device with magnetic field energy, the wires have to be arranged in a central cross section of the energy harvesting device along the y-axis, i.e. the wires have to be arranged in the xz cross section of fig. 2 (b). The direction of the alternating magnetic field 9 generated by the current carrying wire passes through the central through hole of the fixed frame 4 in the y-direction. Under the drive of the alternating-current magnetic field 9, the rotatable permanent magnet 1 periodically swings around the balance position, the swinging mode of the rotatable permanent magnet 1 is marked in fig. 2(a), and the rotatable permanent magnet 1 periodically swings according to the sequence of the first to the fourth under the action of the alternating-current magnetic field 9. By adjusting the size of the direct-current bias magnetic field (realized by adjusting the distance between the fixed permanent magnet and the rotatable permanent magnet or the size of the fixed permanent magnet or the magnetization intensity of the fixed permanent magnet), the rotatable permanent magnet can reach a resonance state under a power frequency condition, and the swing amplitude reaches the maximum value at the moment. Since the moment of the dc bias field 8 provided by the fixed permanent magnet 5 acting on the rotatable permanent magnet 1 varies non-linearly with the angle of rotation, the typical frequency response of the device exhibits non-linear characteristics as shown in fig. 1 (a). The moving magnetic field generated when the rotatable permanent magnet 1 swings in the resonance state induces electric energy sufficient to support the normal operation of the sensing node in the surrounding coil 3, and the energy harvesting device has an extremely wide frequency band due to the nonlinear frequency response.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the constraint conditions of the current carrying wire configuration are: when the current carrying wires are arranged, the wires must be arranged in a central section of the energy harvesting device along the y-axis, i.e. the wires must be arranged in the xz cross-section of fig. 2 (b).
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the shaft and the plurality of bearing fixtures is made of a non-magnetic conductive material, and the fixing frame 4 is made of a material that is neither magnetic nor conductive to suppress eddy current effects.
That is, the shaft 2, the bearing holder 7 and the fixing frame 4 are all made of a non-magnetic conductive material, wherein the fixing frame 4 is made of a material that is neither magnetic nor conductive in order to suppress eddy current effects.
For example, the rotatable permanent magnet 1 is made of a conventional material (such as neodymium iron boron or samarium cobalt) by customization, and the magnetization direction is along the x-axis in fig. 2; the shaft 2 is customized through a finish machining process and is made of non-magnetic materials (aluminum, copper and the like); the surrounding coil is a conventional product and can be made by spirally winding high-conductivity conducting wires such as enameled wires and silver wires, and the fixed frame 4 is customized by a finish machining process and is made of conventional non-conductive and non-magnetic materials (organic glass, polyformaldehyde and the like); the fixed permanent magnet 5 is a conventional product and is made of magnetic materials such as neodymium iron boron and the like; the bearing 6 is a conventional product and is made of materials such as steel or ceramics; the bearing fixing piece 7 is customized through a finish machining process and is made of non-magnetic materials (organic glass, polyformaldehyde, aluminum, copper and the like).
The method of manufacturing the device of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, a method of manufacturing a rotary unit includes: manufacturing the rotatable permanent magnet by adopting a sintering or bonding process, and punching holes with the same size at the center positions of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the rotatable permanent magnet before electroplating and magnetizing the rotatable permanent magnet; if the central hole of the rotatable permanent magnet is through, a shaft is manufactured, the outer diameter of the middle section of the shaft is consistent with the inner diameter of the hole, and the shaft is tightly matched with the central hole of the rotatable permanent magnet in a compression joint mode; if the central hole of the rotatable permanent magnet is not communicated, two shafts are manufactured, the outer diameters of one ends of the two shafts are consistent with the inner diameter of the hole and are tightly matched with the central hole of the rotatable permanent magnet in a compression joint mode, and the outer diameters of the other ends of the two shafts are consistent with the size of the inner ring of the bearing and are tightly matched with the inner ring of the bearing in a compression joint mode; two bearing fixing pieces are manufactured, the width of the outer dimension of each bearing fixing piece is smaller than that of the inner square through hole of the fixing frame, the inner diameter of each bearing fixing piece is consistent with the outer diameter of the outer ring of the bearing, and the two bearing fixing pieces are tightly matched with the bearings at the two ends in a compression joint mode.
It will be appreciated that the preparation of the rotating unit of the magnetic field energy harvesting device comprises:
(1) the rotatable permanent magnet is manufactured by adopting a conventional sintering or bonding process, and can be in a cubic shape or other axisymmetrical shapes such as a cylinder. Before the rotatable permanent magnet is electroplated and magnetized, holes with the same size are punched in the center positions of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the rotatable permanent magnet, and the holes can be selectively through or not through (the holes are through in the condition shown in figure 2). The holes punched on the upper and lower bottom surfaces are strictly coaxial and are positioned in the center of the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the rotatable permanent magnet. And electroplating and magnetizing the rotatable permanent magnet after punching. The magnetizing direction is shown in FIG. 2;
(2) if the center hole of the rotatable permanent magnet is through, a shaft can be manufactured by adopting a finish machining process, the outer diameter of the middle section of the shaft is consistent with the inner diameter of the hole, and the shaft is tightly matched with the center hole of the rotatable permanent magnet in a compression joint mode. The outer diameters of the two end sections of the shaft are consistent with the sizes of the inner rings of the bearings, and the outer diameters of the two end sections of the shaft are tightly matched with the inner rings of the two bearings in a compression joint mode. If the central holes of the rotatable permanent magnets are not communicated, only two shafts can be manufactured by adopting a finish machining process, the outer diameter of one end of each shaft is consistent with the inner diameter of each hole and is tightly matched with the central holes of the rotatable permanent magnets in a compression joint mode, and the outer diameter of the other end of each shaft is consistent with the size of the inner ring of each bearing and is tightly matched with the inner rings of the two bearings in a compression joint mode;
(3) two bearing fixing pieces are manufactured by adopting a finish machining process, and the bearing fixing pieces can be directly manufactured on the fixing frame or can be manufactured independently (fig. 2 is the case of independent manufacture). The outer dimension width of the bearing fixing pieces needs to be smaller than the width of the inner square through hole of the fixing frame, the inner diameter of the bearing fixing pieces is consistent with the outer diameter of the bearing outer ring, and the two bearing fixing pieces are respectively in close fit with the bearings at the two ends in a compression joint mode.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, a method of preparing a fixing frame includes: drilling a through square hole in the center of the square non-conductive non-magnetic-conductive material, milling a step at the middle part of the outer side of the fixed frame along the through direction of the square hole, and chamfering the outer contour of the fixed frame; if the bearing fixing pieces are manufactured in a single manufacturing mode, the rotating unit obtained after the two bearing fixing pieces are matched with the bearings in a compression joint mode is arranged in the center of the square through hole of the fixed frame; if the bearing fixing piece is directly manufactured on the fixing frame, a circular through hole is formed in the center of the upper bottom surface and the center of the lower bottom surface of the fixing frame along the direction perpendicular to the square through hole, the inner diameter of the circular through hole is consistent with the outer diameter of the bearing outer ring, and after the rotatable permanent magnet with the bearings pressed at two ends is placed in the center of the square through hole of the fixing frame, the two ends of the bearing are respectively pressed into the circular through holes of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface in a compression joint mode.
It is understood that the manufacturing of the fixing frame includes: a square hole is drilled through the center of the square non-conductive non-magnetic conductive material, and a step is milled on the outer side of the fixed frame along the middle part of the through direction of the square hole as shown in fig. 2. And chamfering the outer contour of the fixed frame. If the bearing fixing pieces are manufactured in a single manufacturing mode, the rotating unit obtained after the two bearing fixing pieces and the bearing are in compression joint fit needs to be installed in the center of the square through hole of the fixing frame in a compression joint mode. If the bearing fixing piece is directly manufactured on the fixing frame, a circular through hole is formed in the center of the upper bottom surface and the center of the lower bottom surface of the fixing frame along the direction perpendicular to the square through hole, the inner diameter of the circular through hole needs to be consistent with the outer diameter of the bearing outer ring, and after the rotatable permanent magnet with the bearings pressed at two ends is placed in the center of the square through hole of the fixing frame, the two ends of the bearing are respectively pressed into the circular through holes of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface in a compression joint mode. The stationary permanent magnets are fixed to the housing or the support on both sides of the stationary frame, respectively, in the manner shown in fig. 2.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, a winding method of a surrounding coil includes: and multiple groups of surrounding coils are respectively wound on the fixed frame in a layer grouping mode or a grouping mode along the y direction, and each group is connected in series or in parallel.
In one embodiment of the invention, the number of winding layers of the surrounding coil, the number of winding turns of each layer, the diameter of the coil and the material of the coil are all adjustable.
It is understood that winding the surrounding coil includes: the surrounding coils are wound on the fixed frame in the manner as shown in fig. 2, the surrounding coils may be wound on the fixed frame in a grouped manner, respectively, and each group may be connected in series or in parallel. When grouped, the packets may be grouped in layers or in the y direction as shown in fig. 2. The number of winding layers of the surrounding coil, the number of winding turns of each layer, the diameter of the coil and the coil material are all adjustable.
In summary, the nonlinear resonant magnetic field energy collecting device based on the electromagnetic induction principle of the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the device of the embodiment of the invention has flexible configuration mode, is different from the traditional current transformer, does not need to be configured around a lead, can be used far away from a current-carrying lead, and has the advantages of convenient installation and maintenance and the like;
2. when the device is manufactured, the core components are made of the universal permanent magnet, the common bearing and the enameled wire which are made of common materials, the fixed frame, the shaft and the bearing fixing piece are made of common non-conductive non-magnetic-conductive materials by utilizing a finish machining process, the manufacturing cost is low, and the structure is simple;
3. when the device provided by the embodiment of the invention works, resonance can be achieved under a power frequency condition, the permanent magnet swings around the balance position in a large angle under a resonance state, the device has great input power, and the mechanical efficiency of the device is ensured by considering that the bearing element is adopted in the rotating unit. The device therefore has an extremely large output power in the resonance state (output power x input power x efficiency);
4. the appearance of the device of the embodiment of the invention depends on the size of the fixed frame, the device has the advantages of small volume and low cost, and has strong resistance to the external severe environment and severe weather under the protection of the fixed frame;
5. because the device of the embodiment of the invention has resonance characteristics, the device only has a single resonance peak at 50Hz, and the amplitude of the output voltage is extremely small when the device is far away from the resonance frequency. Therefore, the device has extremely strong resistance to high-frequency transient impact current, the frequency of the transient impact current in a power system is usually kHz, and compared with a current transformer and a capacitive voltage divider, the secondary side of the device does not need to be provided with complex protective measures. Meanwhile, mechanical coupling (permanent magnet rotation) is introduced in the conversion process between the input magnetic field energy and the output electric energy of the device, and due to the natural amplitude limiting effect of the mechanical coupling of the intermediate link, overvoltage cannot be induced on the secondary side even for power frequency impact current, so that the device has extremely strong natural resistance to the power frequency impact current;
6. the device of the embodiment of the invention has a nonlinear frequency response characteristic, as shown in fig. 1(a), and is different from a linear frequency response (as shown in fig. 1(b), in the linear frequency response, the output amplitude in the vicinity of the resonance frequency is rapidly reduced along with the deviation of the applied magnetic field frequency from the resonance frequency), and the nonlinear frequency response has an extremely wide frequency band in the vicinity of the resonance frequency.
According to the nonlinear resonance type magnetic field energy collecting device based on the electromagnetic induction principle, when the device works, the rotatable permanent magnet is driven by an alternating current external magnetic field generated by the current-carrying conducting wire to swing around a balance position to a large extent, and electric energy is induced in the surrounding coil.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A nonlinear resonance type magnetic field energy collecting device based on the electromagnetic induction principle is characterized by comprising:
a fixed frame;
a rotating unit embedded in the fixed frame, the rotating unit including a rotatable permanent magnet and at least one shaft;
at least one set of wrap coils wound on the stationary frame;
at least one fixed permanent magnet, when the rotatable permanent magnet is static, the direct current bias magnetic field generated by the at least one fixed permanent magnet is restrained and stabilized at a balance position as a nonlinear spring, when the rotating unit works, the magnetic field generated by the current-carrying lead swings periodically around the balance position, by adjusting the magnitude of the direct current bias magnetic field, the rotatable permanent magnet can reach a resonance state under a power frequency condition, the swing amplitude reaches a maximum value under the resonance state, and a moving magnetic field generated during swinging can induce electric energy enough to support normal work of a sensing node in the at least one group of surrounding coils, and the energy collecting device has an extremely wide frequency band due to nonlinear frequency response, wherein the restraint condition of the current-carrying lead configuration is as follows: when the current carrying lead is configured, the lead is configured in the central section of the energy acquisition device along the y axis;
the moment of the direct-current bias magnetic field provided by the fixed permanent magnet in the at least one fixed permanent magnet and acting on the rotatable permanent magnet changes nonlinearly with the rotation angle, so that the typical frequency response of the energy acquisition device has a nonlinear characteristic.
2. The electromagnetic induction principle-based nonlinear resonant magnetic field energy harvesting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotating unit further comprises:
the bearing comprises a plurality of bearing fixing pieces and a plurality of bearings, wherein the rotatable permanent magnet, the at least one shaft and the inner rings of the bearings are rotatable parts, the bearing fixing pieces and the outer rings of the bearings are fixed parts, the at least one shaft is one or two, and the bearing fixing pieces and the bearings are two.
3. A non-linear resonant magnetic field energy harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one fixed permanent magnet is one or two.
4. The device for collecting energy from a non-linear resonant magnetic field according to claim 1, wherein the at least one shaft and the plurality of bearing mounts are made of non-magnetic material, and the fixing frame is made of non-magnetic and non-electric material to suppress eddy current effect.
5. The device for collecting energy of a non-linear resonant magnetic field according to claim 1, wherein the method for manufacturing the rotating unit comprises:
manufacturing the rotatable permanent magnet by adopting a sintering or bonding process, and punching holes with the same size at the center positions of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the rotatable permanent magnet before electroplating and magnetizing the rotatable permanent magnet;
if the central hole of the rotatable permanent magnet is through, a shaft is manufactured, the outer diameter of the middle section of the shaft is consistent with the inner diameter of the hole, and the shaft is tightly matched with the central hole of the rotatable permanent magnet in a compression joint mode; if the central hole of the rotatable permanent magnet is not communicated, manufacturing two shafts, wherein the outer diameters of one ends of the two shafts are consistent with the inner diameter of the hole and are tightly matched with the central hole of the rotatable permanent magnet in a compression joint mode, and the outer diameters of the other ends of the two shafts are consistent with the size of an inner ring of a bearing and are tightly matched with the inner ring of the bearing in the compression joint mode;
the manufacturing method comprises the steps of manufacturing two bearing fixing pieces, wherein the width of the outer dimension of each bearing fixing piece is smaller than that of the square through hole in the fixing frame, the inner diameters of the two bearing fixing pieces are consistent with the outer diameter of the bearing outer ring, and the two bearing fixing pieces are respectively in tight fit with bearings at two ends in a compression joint mode.
6. The device for collecting energy from a non-linear resonant magnetic field according to claim 5, wherein the method for preparing the fixing frame comprises:
drilling a through square hole in the center of a square non-conductive non-magnetic material, milling a step at the middle part of the outer side of the fixed frame along the through direction of the square hole, and chamfering the outer contour of the fixed frame;
if the bearing fixing pieces are manufactured in a single manufacturing mode, the rotating unit obtained after the two bearing fixing pieces are matched with the bearings in a compression joint mode is arranged in the center of the square through hole of the fixing frame;
if the bearing fixing piece is directly manufactured on the fixing frame, a circular through hole is formed in the center of the upper bottom surface and the center of the lower bottom surface of the fixing frame along the direction perpendicular to the square through hole, the inner diameter of the circular through hole is consistent with the outer diameter of the bearing outer ring, and after the rotatable permanent magnet with the bearings pressed at two ends is placed in the center of the square through hole of the fixing frame, the two ends of the bearing are respectively pressed into the circular through holes of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface in a compression joint mode.
7. The device for collecting energy from a non-linear resonant magnetic field according to claim 6, wherein the winding method of the surrounding coil comprises:
and a plurality of groups of the surrounding coils are respectively wound on the fixed frame in a layer grouping mode or a grouping mode along the y direction, and each group is connected in series or in parallel.
8. The device for collecting energy of a non-linear resonant magnetic field according to claim 7, wherein the number of winding layers around the coil, the number of winding turns per layer, the diameter of the coil, and the material of the coil are adjustable.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710500775.9A CN107196422B (en) | 2017-06-27 | 2017-06-27 | Nonlinear resonant magnetic field energy acquisition device based on electromagnetic induction principle |
| PCT/CN2018/092247 WO2019001343A1 (en) | 2017-06-27 | 2018-06-21 | Electromagnetic induction principle based nonlinear resonance type magnetic field energy collecting device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710500775.9A CN107196422B (en) | 2017-06-27 | 2017-06-27 | Nonlinear resonant magnetic field energy acquisition device based on electromagnetic induction principle |
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| CN107196422B true CN107196422B (en) | 2021-02-23 |
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| CN107196422B (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2021-02-23 | 清华大学 | Nonlinear resonant magnetic field energy acquisition device based on electromagnetic induction principle |
| CN114970433B (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-01 | 国网智能电网研究院有限公司 | Non-invasive magnetic field energy taking device and output power improving method |
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| CN101141093A (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2008-03-12 | 上海交通大学 | Minisize electromagnetic low-frequency vibration energy collecting device |
| CN105471006A (en) * | 2014-08-31 | 2016-04-06 | 由国峰 | Sensor power management circuit |
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| JP2005218203A (en) * | 2004-01-28 | 2005-08-11 | Shinkawa Ltd | Actuator and bonding apparatus |
| EP2188863A1 (en) * | 2007-09-13 | 2010-05-26 | QUALCOMM Incorporated | Maximizing power yield from wireless power magnetic resonators |
| CN104038102B (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2016-06-29 | 清华大学 | A kind of device of collecting energy from wire magnetic fields based on compound magneto-coupling effect |
| CN106160395B (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-08-28 | 清华大学 | A kind of wire magnetic fields energy taking device that the PCB based on electromagnetic induction principle is integrated |
| CN107196422B (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2021-02-23 | 清华大学 | Nonlinear resonant magnetic field energy acquisition device based on electromagnetic induction principle |
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| CN101141093A (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2008-03-12 | 上海交通大学 | Minisize electromagnetic low-frequency vibration energy collecting device |
| CN105471006A (en) * | 2014-08-31 | 2016-04-06 | 由国峰 | Sensor power management circuit |
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| WO2019001343A1 (en) | 2019-01-03 |
| CN107196422A (en) | 2017-09-22 |
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