CN107194448A - A kind of transmission and localization method based on visible light hidden Quick Response Code - Google Patents
A kind of transmission and localization method based on visible light hidden Quick Response Code Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107194448A CN107194448A CN201710290937.0A CN201710290937A CN107194448A CN 107194448 A CN107194448 A CN 107194448A CN 201710290937 A CN201710290937 A CN 201710290937A CN 107194448 A CN107194448 A CN 107194448A
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- Prior art keywords
- led
- pictures
- dot matrix
- picture
- visible light
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/06009—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking
- G06K19/06037—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking multi-dimensional coding
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C11/00—Photogrammetry or videogrammetry, e.g. stereogrammetry; Photographic surveying
- G01C11/04—Interpretation of pictures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S11/00—Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation
- G01S11/12—Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
- H04B10/114—Indoor or close-range type systems
- H04B10/116—Visible light communication
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of transmission based on visible light hidden Quick Response Code and localization method, LED dot matrix are simply arranged, the information contained in dot matrix is stored with table, indoor visible light positioning, the function of information transfer can be just realized by mobile phone, is that the application of indoor visible light location technology proposes a sets of plan of technical feasibility.When the inventive method mainly solves to meet normal illumination demand indoors, the information transfer that can carry LED dot matrix realizes that the cost that the indoor positionings such as bluetooth or WiFi are unable to reach is low to user, using simple, disturbs small visible light-seeking.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of transmission based on visible light hidden Quick Response Code and localization method, belong to visible light hidden two dimension
Code technical field.
Background technology
Traditional GPS positioning technology, the blind area that there is very large area for indoor positioning, therefore many indoor positioning technologies
Develop in succession, the indoor positioning technologies such as based on bluetooth, WiFi, the accuracy of its indoor positioning will than GPS positioning technology
It is much higher, but these location technologies, there is also many drawbacks, its area coverage is small, and antijamming capability is weak, and confidentiality is poor, cost
It is high；Therefore indoor visible light location technology instead of these location technologies well, as a kind of new indoor positioning skill
Art.The need for having illumination in itself due to interior, LED is recycled to carry out indoor positioning, its cost is substantially reduced, as a kind of efficient
The indoor positioning technologies economized on resources, and widely paid close attention to and studied.
Although traditional Quick Response Code has that information capacity is big, coding range is wide, fault-tolerant error correction is strong, low cost and other advantages,
But many mobile phone viruses and fishing website can be also added in Quick Response Code, and many junk information can be caused to generate, and two dimension
Code causes its form single due to its specific coded format；But if by the original LED for being applied to illumination according to certain
Form is arranged, then while can solving illumination, by embodying information its LED dot matrix, so both can be in megastore
While customer provides illumination, the function of information sifting, and the function that customer positions also are provided to customer, is so saved
While cost, the extension of function is also achieved so that LED lamplight possesses various functions.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：A kind of transmission based on visible light hidden Quick Response Code and positioning side are provided
Method, using the arrangement of certain lamp of visible ray, reads the information hidden on this lamp bank mode for cloth by mobile phone camera, is connecing
Collect mail and realize indoor positioning while breath.
The present invention uses following technical scheme to solve above-mentioned technical problem：
A kind of transmission and localization method based on visible light hidden Quick Response Code, comprise the following steps：
Step 1, the indoor top for needing illumination region is set as horizontal plane, and interior is needed to be divided at the top of illumination region
Several size identical square cell domains, setting quantity is identical on four angles in each square cell domain, phase of arranging
Same LED, in the LED of the rest position arrangement predetermined number in square cell domain, and the LED of predetermined number is arranged
LED dot matrix of the cloth into unsymmetric form；
Step 2, all LEDs are connected in parallel, fixed frequency P, 50Hz is set<P<100Hz, makes all LEDs
Flashed by frequency P；It is 1 to set LED bright, is gone out for 0, by the LED in each square cell domain LED dot matrix according to identical
Order carries out assignment from 1 open numbering, and since numbering 1 to each LED, then in each square cell domain LED dot matrix
The light on and off of LED constitute a string of binary codes；The binary code of each square cell domain composition of synchronization is different, then
Every string binary code is assigned different information and storage of tabulating by each square cell domain to that should have two string binary codes；
Step 3, the recording frequency for setting video record module is P, records some square using video record module small
The video of region LED flicker, at least n cycle of recording time, n is the integer more than or equal to 10；The video recorded is entered
Row cutting, obtains 40*n pictures, to every pictures by image procossing and machine learning algorithm, obtains on picture every
The light on and off state of LED, and then the corresponding binary code of every pictures is restored, by tabling look-up, obtain binary code corresponding
Information is simultaneously shown；
Step 4, from step 3 cuts obtained 40*n pictures, a pictures are randomly selected, according to four angles in picture
The depth of exposure of upper LED obtains position of the photographer relative to picture；Obtained according to size of the LED dot matrix in picture in picture
To photographer and the distance of LED dot matrix；The orientation of photographer indoors is obtained according to position and distance, positioning is realized.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, cutting method described in step 3 is Media Metadata Retriever
The get Frame At Time methods of class.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, image procossing and machine learning are passed through to every pictures described in step 3
Algorithm, obtains the light on and off state of every lamp on picture, and the detailed process for restoring the corresponding binary code of every pictures is：To every
Pictures obtain the pixel matrix block that each LED is occupied on every pictures by loop iteration, then pass through machine learning
In SVM algorithm separate the light on and off state of each piece of pixel matrix block on every pictures, restored by the numbering of every LED
Binary code per pictures.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, according to the depth of exposure of LED is obtained on four angles in picture described in step 4
It is relative to the detailed process of the position of picture to photographer：By the depth of exposure of LED on four angles, LED on some angle
Lamp exposure is bigger, then angular distance photographer is nearer, exposes smaller, then distance is more remote.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, obtained described in step 4 according to size of the LED dot matrix in picture in picture
Photographer and the detailed process of the distance of LED dot matrix are：The light that the LED dot matrix received using light sensor are sent
Intensity RSSI, the distance of photographer and LED is calculated according to the formula of light intensity and distance.
The present invention uses above technical scheme compared with prior art, with following technique effect：
1st, the inventive method can be solved indoors as in large supermarket, using the arrangement of certain lamp of visible ray, passed through
Mobile phone camera reads the information hidden on this lamp bank mode for cloth, while at by the algorithm in terms of image and machine learning
Reason, realizes simple positioning function, while the problems such as ensureing cost, economizing on resources, proposes a kind of stealth two of feasibility
Code transmission and targeting scheme are tieed up, indoor positioning is realized while receive information.
2nd, the present invention is simply simply arranged LED dot matrix, and the information contained in dot matrix is stored with table, passes through hand
Machine can just realize indoor visible light positioning, the function of information transfer, be that the application of indoor visible light location technology proposes skill
One sets of plan of art feasibility.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic flow sheet of transmission and localization method based on visible light hidden Quick Response Code of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the arrangement block diagram of indoor each square cell domain LED in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 (a), Fig. 3 (b) are that the embodiment of the present invention carries out cutting obtain two kinds of demodulation schematic diagrames to video.
Fig. 4 is schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention by the SVM light light and shades that picture is classified.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings.Below by
The embodiment being described with reference to the drawings is exemplary, is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the claims.
As shown in figure 1, being the flow signal of the present invention a kind of transmission and localization method based on visible light hidden Quick Response Code
Figure.The transmitting terminal of visible ray alignment system indoors, by LED according to Fig. 2 form arrangement after so that 40 LED are pressed all the time
According to frequency P alternately flash, formed a LED dot matrix, be arranged on the ceiling of large supermarket there is provided illumination, transmission information and
The need for positioning.
The receiving terminal of visible ray alignment system, by adjusting the frequency of mobile phone camera, is adjusted to tranmitting frequency indoors
P, reads the video of LED flickers, and the video of shooting wants long enough (to ensure that follow-up cutting video can cut out 400 frame pictures, this 400
Pictures just only have two states), video is cut according to frequency P, picture one by one is cut out, 400 are taken out
Picture is handled for classification, and by the SVM algorithm of machine learning, picture is classified so that each LED in per pictures
Information that is bright or going out obtain (i.e. 1 or 0), then by picture by clock-wise order read, obtain two kind of 40 bit, pass through
Look-up table inquires about the corresponding information of both binary codes, completes information transfer capability；Choose 400 pictures again wherein 1,
Because lamp is in arrangement, there is the LED of four all lights on four angles of dot matrix, we can be by graphical analysis by photographer's
Determine in orientation；Because photographer station is in different angle shot LED, then the LED squares on four angles of dot matrix have not
Same exposure, exposes big in picture, i.e. the relatively bright angle of picture, is exactly the angle nearest from photographer, and opposite angles
It is then different；With a distance from can confirm that dot matrix from photographer by size of the LED dot matrix in picture again, such as dot matrix accounts for figure
Area is big, then photographer may be near from dot matrix, conversely then remote, then by angle and distance, we can just substantially obtain
The general position of consumer, can include what is finished in advance in mobile phone after graphical analysis terminates by coordinate substantially
On map, the function of positioning is completed.
As shown in Fig. 2 indoors mounted LED lamp when, according to Fig. 2 arrangement mode carry out LED lamplight arrangement, if each
Block region all disposes LED in the way of Fig. 2, then each piece of region can deposit substantial amounts of information and be stored in stealthy two dimension
In code, because every lamp has two kinds of situations of on and off, if setting up a table by 40 LED (in addition to four angles) all light on and off
The permutation and combination of (bright represent 1, expression 0 of going out) is all recorded, then will form 2 40 power kind situations, be so enough by
The information that one supermarket has all is deposited into invisible two-dimensional codes；For example in supermarket need to represent property in fresh area and fresh area
The information of product needs to be represented with invisible two-dimensional codes, then can with 01,110,101 00,110,111 00,110,001 01100110 come
Represent these three words of fresh area, in deposit table, then by its opposite binary system be 10,001,010 11,001,000 11001110
10011001 represent the information of all kinds of articles in fresh area, yuan/jin of 6 yuan/jin crab of fish, 30 yuan/jin squid 12.It is so hidden in LED
Shape Quick Response Code transmitting terminal need to only modulate all lamps and be connected with parallel form, by a certain frequencies of lamp uniform modulation 100Hz once,
It is recorded as P so that all LED is unified to be flashed with frequency P, and each lamp two is entered with what first character string was represented
Code processed initializes the state of lamp, and such as first lamp, first state is bright.
After the LED to be installed modulated well, when barcode scanning indoors, certain block LED dot matrix are shot with mobile phone camera, one is recorded
The video of section LED flickers, the frequency that the recordings frequency of mobile phone camera is transferred to and lamp is modulated before consistent keeps P, it is ensured that record
The time of system, which can meet LED and flash 10 cycles, obtains more than 400 frames video, and the video recorded is cut,
Video is cut by light flash frequency P, picture one by one can be cut out, should be had more than 400 pictures here, but
It is that the state of this 400 pictures only has two kinds of forms, shown in such as Fig. 3 (a), Fig. 3 (b), this 400 pictures is passed through into image procossing
Every image is cut into Fig. 4 form, by the pixel value of each lamp by carrying out machine learning calculation after normalized again
Method sorts out the state of light on and off, is each lamp assignment (bright expression 1, expression 0 of going out), according still further to starting point by reading phase clockwise
The implicit binary code of dot matrix is answered, then is obtained the corresponding text information of binary code by the method tabled look-up, hand is shown in
On machine, that is, realize the function that invisible two-dimensional codes carry information transfer.
Cut when by video, when obtaining 400 pictures, by one photo of random arbitrarily selection, because LED is in row
During cloth, there is the LED of four all lights on four angles of dot matrix, for distinguishing the direction of photographer, we can pass through image point
The orientation of photographer is determined in analysis；Because photographer station is in different angle shot LED, then on four angles of dot matrix
LED squares have different exposures, expose big in picture, i.e. the relatively bright angle of picture, are exactly the angle nearest from photographer
Degree, and opposite angles are then different；With a distance from can confirm that dot matrix from photographer by size of the LED dot matrix in picture again,
The area that such as dot matrix accounts for figure is big, then photographer may be near from dot matrix, conversely then remote, then by angle and distance, we
The general position of consumer can be just substantially obtained, can be included coordinate substantially after graphical analysis terminates
On the map that mobile phone is finished in advance.
It is of the invention main that LED is arranged into certain latticed form, form stealthy Quick Response Code, then by mobile phone camera with
And the related algorithm of image procossing analyzes the implicit information of specific dot matrix, two big functions of transmission and positioning are completed, in LED sheets
Body is realized outside illumination functions, it is not necessary to add the expense of any extras, and information is met in the case of most simple as far as possible passes
The need for defeated and positioning.
The technological thought of above example only to illustrate the invention, it is impossible to which protection scope of the present invention is limited with this, it is every
According to technological thought proposed by the present invention, any change done on the basis of technical scheme each falls within the scope of the present invention
Within.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of transmission and localization method based on visible light hidden Quick Response Code, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, the indoor top for needing illumination region is set as horizontal plane, and interior is needed to be divided into some at the top of illumination region
Individual size identical square cell domain, setting quantity is identical on four angles in each square cell domain, identical of arranging
LED, in the LED of the rest position arrangement predetermined number in square cell domain, and the LED of predetermined number is arranged into
The LED dot matrix of unsymmetric form；
Step 2, all LEDs are connected in parallel, fixed frequency P, 50Hz is set<P<100Hz, makes all LEDs by frequency
Rate P flashes；It is 1 to set LED bright, is gone out for 0, by the LED in each square cell domain LED dot matrix in that same order
Assignment is carried out to each LED from 1 open numbering, and since numbering 1, then LED in each square cell domain LED dot matrix
Light on and off constitute a string of binary codes；The binary code of each square cell domain composition of synchronization is different, then each
Every string binary code is assigned different information and storage of tabulating by square cell domain to that should have two string binary codes；
Step 3, the recording frequency for setting video record module is P, and some square cell domain is recorded using video record module
The video of LED flicker, at least n cycle of recording time, n is the integer more than or equal to 10；The video recorded is cut
Cut, obtain 40*n pictures, to every pictures by image procossing and machine learning algorithm, obtain every LED on picture
Light on and off state, and then restore the corresponding binary code of every pictures, by tabling look-up, obtain the corresponding information of binary code simultaneously
Display；
Step 4, from step 3 cuts obtained 40*n pictures, a pictures are randomly selected, according in picture on four angles
The depth of exposure of LED obtains position of the photographer relative to picture；Obtained according to size of the LED dot matrix in picture in picture
Photographer and the distance of LED dot matrix；The orientation of photographer indoors is obtained according to position and distance, positioning is realized.
2. transmission and localization method according to claim 1 based on visible light hidden Quick Response Code, it is characterised in that step 3
The cutting method is the get Frame At Time methods of Media Metadata Retriever classes.
3. transmission and localization method according to claim 1 based on visible light hidden Quick Response Code, it is characterised in that step 3
It is described to every pictures by image procossing and machine learning algorithm, obtain the light on and off state of every lamp on picture, restore
Often the detailed process of the corresponding binary code of pictures is：Each small cup on every pictures is obtained by loop iteration to every pictures
The pixel matrix block that LED is occupied, then each piece of pixel value square on every pictures is separated by the SVM algorithm in machine learning
The light on and off state of battle array block, the binary code of every pictures is restored by the numbering of every LED.
4. transmission and localization method according to claim 1 based on visible light hidden Quick Response Code, it is characterised in that step 4
It is described according to the depth of exposure of LED obtains photographer relative to the detailed process of the position of picture and is on four angles in picture：
By the depth of exposure of LED on four angles, LED exposes bigger on some angle, then angular distance photographer is nearer, and exposure is got over
Small, then distance is more remote.
5. transmission and localization method according to claim 1 based on visible light hidden Quick Response Code, it is characterised in that step 4
It is described according to size of the LED dot matrix in picture obtains photographer in picture and the detailed process of the distance of LED dot matrix is：Utilize
The intensity RSSI for the light that the LED dot matrix that light sensor is received are sent, calculates according to the formula of light intensity and distance and shoots
Person and the distance of LED.
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| CN108471329A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-08-31 | 杭州电子科技大学 | A kind of system architecture in visible light communication system based on LED and mobile phone camera |
| CN108551366A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-09-18 | 杭州电子科技大学 | A kind of visible light communication method based on LED and mobile phone camera |
| CN110012448A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-07-12 | 中国银联股份有限公司 | Vehicle end communication means based on light |
| CN111161449A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-15 | 东南大学 | Vehicle large-scale parking lot interior positioning method based on automobile data recorder image |
| CN111191645A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-22 | 东南大学 | Vehicle tunnel positioning method based on automobile data recorder image |
| CN113674362A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-19 | 北京理工大学 | Indoor imaging positioning method and system based on spatial modulation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108471329A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-08-31 | 杭州电子科技大学 | A kind of system architecture in visible light communication system based on LED and mobile phone camera |
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| CN111191645A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-22 | 东南大学 | Vehicle tunnel positioning method based on automobile data recorder image |
| CN113674362A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-19 | 北京理工大学 | Indoor imaging positioning method and system based on spatial modulation |
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