CN107192625B - Heat engine fatigue testing method and heat engine fatigue testing machine using same - Google Patents
Heat engine fatigue testing method and heat engine fatigue testing machine using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN107192625B CN107192625B CN201710392990.1A CN201710392990A CN107192625B CN 107192625 B CN107192625 B CN 107192625B CN 201710392990 A CN201710392990 A CN 201710392990A CN 107192625 B CN107192625 B CN 107192625B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
- G01N3/36—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0005—Repeated or cyclic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0226—High temperature; Heating means
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Abstract
The invention relates to a thermal engine fatigue test method and a thermal engine fatigue test machine using the method, the thermal engine fatigue test machine comprises a frame, a male die mounting seat for mounting a simulation male die, a female die mounting seat for mounting the simulation female die, a driving device for driving the female die mounting seat and the male die mounting seat to generate relative motion so as to enable the simulation male die and the simulation female die to press a blank, a heating device for heating the blank, a feeding device for continuously feeding the heating device, and a feeding and discharging device for feeding the heated blank between the simulation male die and the simulation female die and discharging the pressed blank from the simulation male die and the simulation female die, so that the requirement of the actual service condition of a thermal working die is completely and effectively met in the actual forming process of the blank by heating and then moving the blank to the die and forming through the mutual extrusion action of the female die and the male die, the thermal engine fatigue result of the hot working die can be accurately tested.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a thermal engine fatigue testing method and a thermal engine fatigue testing machine using the same.
Background
The hot working die is under the action of both force and temperature during working. It involves the effects of many factors, such as load cycling, temperature cycling, creep, frictional wear, and environmental effects, which complicate the operating conditions of hot-work dies. One of the main failure modes of the hot working die during working is thermal engine fatigue failure, and under the thermal engine load working condition of alternating cycle, due to the combined action of alternating thermal stress and mechanical stress, some points (particularly points on the working surface of the hot working die) generate local permanent structural changes, and after a certain cycle number, heat cracks, tearing, bonding or fracture occurs, so that fatigue damage can be caused. The complexity of the service working condition increases the difficulty of analyzing the fatigue mechanism of the heat engine, and if the fatigue performance test of the hot working die is directly detected in the actual production, the test period is long and the cost is high, so that the device for accurately predicting the fatigue life of the heat engine of the hot working die is very important.
The Chinese patent document with the publication number of CN104568570A discloses a thermal machine fatigue test device for hot-work die materials, which comprises a power system, a heating system, a transmission system, a recovery system and a control test system, wherein the hot-work die is directly heated by a plurality of electric heating pipes, and the hot-work die meets the temperature cycle working condition through cooling water; meanwhile, the hot working die meets the working condition of load circulation through the power system, the transmission system and the recovery system, and the temperature data information and the stress data information of the hot working die are analyzed and processed through the control test system. However, in the test device, the punch on the hydraulic press directly applies pressure to the hot working die, only the stress of the hot working die subjected to load circulation in the hot stamping process can be simulated, and the stress change of a forging die and a die-casting die subjected to load circulation cannot be simulated; the hot working die is directly heated through the heat conduction pipe, so that the condition that the hot working die is heated through heat conduction between the heated preformed material and the hot working die in actual production is not met; and the actual pressure condition is realized by mutual extrusion between the male die and the female die in the hot working die, so that the actual pressure condition cannot effectively and completely meet the service working condition of the actual hot working die, and the accuracy effect of predicting the thermal engine fatigue life of the hot working die is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a thermal engine fatigue test method, which aims to solve the problem that the test device in the prior art cannot effectively meet the actual service working condition of a hot working die because the test device directly extrudes the die through a punch; the invention also aims to provide a thermal engine fatigue testing machine using the testing method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the heat engine fatigue test method is as follows:
the thermal engine fatigue test method is to continuously feed the heated blanks one by one between a male die and a female die and utilize a simulation male die and a simulation female die to apply pressure one by one to simulate the actual service working condition of a hot working die.
The technical scheme of the heat engine fatigue testing machine is as follows:
the heat engine fatigue testing machine comprises a rack, wherein a male die mounting seat used for mounting a simulation male die, a female die mounting seat used for mounting a simulation female die and a driving device used for driving the female die mounting seat and the male die mounting seat to generate relative motion so as to enable the simulation male die and the simulation female die to apply pressure to a blank are arranged on the rack, the testing machine further comprises a heating device used for heating the blank, a feeding device used for continuously feeding the heating device, and a feeding and discharging device used for feeding the heated blank into a space between the male die and the female die and unloading the pressed blank from the space between the male die and the female die.
The heating device is an induction heating device which comprises an induction coil arranged on the rack and a power supply used for supplying power to the induction coil.
The feeding device comprises a material supporting mechanism arranged on one axial side of the induction coil, the material supporting mechanism comprises a material supporting rod used for enabling the blank to pass through the induction coil along the axial direction of the induction coil, and the material supporting rod is provided with a feeding position used for enabling the blank to be placed on the material supporting rod and a heating position used for enabling the blank to pass through the induction coil to achieve heating in the axial movement process.
The feeding device further comprises a conveying belt arranged on the rack and used for placing blanks in rows to realize continuous feeding, and the pushing rod is provided with a pushing end which is flush with the conveying plane of the conveying belt when being at a feeding position.
The blanks are of columnar structures, and the sizes of the blanks are consistent.
The thermal engine fatigue testing machine further comprises a grating ruler which is arranged on the rack and used for detecting the relative distance between the female die mounting seat and the male die mounting seat.
The die mounting seat is fixed on the frame through a workbench, an inverted T-shaped groove is formed in the workbench, and a bolt for fixing the die mounting seat is clamped in the inverted T-shaped groove.
The thermal engine fatigue testing machine further comprises an ejection mechanism used for pushing the extruded blank out of the simulation female die, the ejection mechanism comprises an ejection rod arranged on one side of the axial direction of the female die mounting seat, and a guide hole for the ejection rod to guide and penetrate through the blank after the blank is pressed is arranged on the female die mounting seat.
The thermal engine fatigue testing machine further comprises a detection system, and the detection system comprises a pressure sensor arranged on the female die mounting seat and/or the male die mounting seat.
The detection system also comprises an infrared thermometer arranged on the rack and a thermocouple arranged on the female die.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the thermal engine fatigue testing machine provided by the invention has the advantages that the male die mounting seat for mounting the simulation male die, the female die mounting seat for mounting the simulation female die, the driving device for driving the female die mounting seat and the male die mounting seat to generate relative motion so as to enable the simulation male die and the simulation female die to press the blank, the heating device for heating the blank, the feeding device for continuously feeding the heated blank to the heating device, the feeding and discharging device for feeding the heated blank between the simulation male die and the simulation female die and discharging the pressed blank from the space between the simulation male die and the simulation female die are further included, so that the condition that the blank is heated firstly and then moved to the space between the female die and the male die in the actual forming process of the blank, the high-temperature blank is formed through the mutual extrusion effect of the female die and the male die, and the actual service working condition of a thermal working die is completely and effectively satisfied, the thermal engine fatigue result of the hot working die can be accurately tested.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the thermal engine fatigue testing machine of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a control schematic of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the punch and die fixing system of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
The specific embodiment of the thermal engine fatigue testing machine disclosed by the invention is used for testing the thermal engine fatigue influence of a hot working die and comprises a frame, wherein a power system, a heating system, a male die and female die fixing system and a control testing system are arranged on the frame, as shown in figures 1 to 3. The die and punch fixing system comprises a punch mounting seat 1 and a die mounting seat 2, wherein the punch mounting seat 1 is arranged on the upper side of a rack from top to bottom, the die mounting seat 2 is arranged on the lower side of the rack, a simulation punch 9 is arranged on the punch mounting seat 1, a simulation die 8 is arranged on the die mounting seat 2, the rack comprises a workbench 27 and guide pillars 6 arranged on the workbench 27, the guide pillars 6 are provided with four vertically extending guide pillars arranged on the periphery of the punch mounting seat 1 and the die mounting seat 2, the guide pillars 6 have good rigidity and strength and can play an accurate guiding role, the rack further comprises an upper template 3 arranged at the upper end of the guide pillars 6 and a lower template 4 arranged at the lower end of the guide pillars 6, and an extrusion hydraulic press 7 for driving the punch mounting seat 1 to move downwards is arranged on. A middle template 5 is arranged between the male die mounting seat 1 and the extrusion hydraulic machine 7, a guide hole matched with the guide post 6 is formed in the surface of the middle template 5 in an up-and-down extending mode, and the male die mounting seat 1 is guided to move up and down through the guide matching of the middle template 5 and the guide post 6. The female die mounting seat 2 is fixed on the workbench 27 through a fixing nut 31 and a fixing bolt 32, specifically, a crisscross inverted T-shaped groove 30 is arranged on the workbench 27, the T-shaped groove 30 is matched with the female die mounting seat 2 and fixed through the fixing bolt 32, and a heat insulation plate 23 is arranged between the workbench 27 and the lower template 4.
The testing machine further comprises a heating device for heating the blank, the heating device is arranged on the induction coil 10 extending up and down on the axis of the machine frame, and the heating device further comprises a high-frequency power supply electrically connected with the induction coil 10.
The heat engine fatigue testing machine further comprises a feeding device, the feeding device comprises a material supporting mechanism arranged below the induction coil on the rack, the material supporting mechanism comprises a material supporting rod 11 which is used for enabling a blank to be extruded to penetrate through the induction coil along the axis direction of the induction coil, the lower side of the material supporting rod 11 is provided with a material supporting motor 12 which is used for driving the material supporting rod 11 to move up and down to penetrate through the induction coil 10, and the material supporting rod 11 can rise to the position, higher than the upper end face of the simulation female die 8, of the upper end face of the material supporting rod 11 under the driving of the material supporting motor 12. The heating device further comprises an infrared temperature detector, and temperature signals collected by the infrared temperature detector are transmitted to a temperature control system through a circuit integrator and used for monitoring the temperature of the extruded blank in real time.
The feeding device also comprises a conveyor belt 15 which is arranged on one side of the material supporting rod 11 and is used for providing unheated blank to be extruded to the material supporting rod 11 and a feeding motor which drives the conveyor belt 15 to move. The blanks are of columnar structures and are arranged on the conveyor belt 15 side by side, the blanks are supported and placed on the conveyor belt through the lower end faces of the blanks, and the subsequent material supporting mechanism, the subsequent material loading mechanism and the subsequent material unloading mechanism can be designed according to the size of a columnar workpiece.
The testing machine further comprises a feeding mechanism which moves the heated high-temperature blank to be extruded 13 from the material supporting rod 11 to the simulation female die 8, the feeding mechanism comprises a manipulator 16 transversely arranged on the frame and a driving motor 17 driving the manipulator 16 to stretch, the manipulator 16 is positioned above the upper end face of the simulation female die 8, and the manipulator and the material supporting rod 11 are respectively arranged on two sides of the simulation female die 8.
The running speeds of the feeding motor, the material supporting motor 12 and the driving motor 17 are cooperatively regulated by a control system, so that the heated high-temperature blank to be extruded 13 can be orderly conveyed into the die cavity of the simulation female die 8.
The testing machine further comprises an ejection mechanism arranged below the lower template 4, the ejection mechanism comprises an ejection hydraulic machine 18 and an ejection rod 19 arranged on the ejection hydraulic machine 18, the ejection rod 19 can move upwards under the driving of the ejection hydraulic machine 18 and extend into the simulation female die 8, so as to eject the deformed blank out of the simulation female die 8, the ejection hydraulic machine 18 is arranged on an ejection fixing plate 20 on the lower side of the lower template 4 and connected with a support column 21 between the lower template 4, a thread structure is arranged at the lower end of the support column 21, and the lower end of the support column 21 is connected with a fixing nut 22 used for fixing the ejection hydraulic machine 18 on the ejection fixing plate 20.
The testing machine further comprises a pushing mechanism, namely a blanking mechanism, the pushing mechanism comprises a pushing rod 28 arranged on one side of the rack and a pushing motor 29 driving the pushing rod 28 to move, a certain included angle is formed between the pushing direction of the pushing rod 28 and the moving direction of the manipulator 16, the height of the pushing rod 28 is higher than that of the upper end face of the simulation female die 8, and the deformed ejected blank can be pushed out of the simulation male die 9.
The testing machine also comprises a detection system, wherein the detection system comprises a thermocouple arranged on the simulation female die 8 and used for detecting the temperature in the die cavity and feeding the temperature back to the computer host in real time, and the thermocouple respectively extends into the simulation female die 8 and the simulation male die 9 through a tiny hole but does not penetrate through the die cavity; the detection system also comprises a pressure sensor 24 arranged on the middle template 5 and used for measuring the loading force of the extrusion hydraulic machine 7 in the process of loading the blank to be extruded and feeding the loading force back to the computer host through a transmission line 26 in real time; the detection system also comprises a grating ruler 25 vertically arranged between the upper template 3 and the lower template 4 and used for recording the position of the middle template 5 in the extrusion process.
The use method of the fatigue testing machine comprises the following steps: the manufactured blank 14 to be extruded at the normal temperature is sent to a material supporting rod 11 through a feeding mechanism, the blank 14 to be extruded at the normal temperature is slowly lifted by the material supporting rod 11 under the driving of a material supporting motor 12 and is heated by an induction coil 10, so that the blank 14 to be extruded at the normal temperature is gradually changed into a blank 13 to be extruded at the high temperature at the preset temperature, and at the moment, the material supporting rod 11 is lifted to a position flush with a manipulator 16; the manipulator 16 grasps the high-temperature blank to be extruded 13 and drives the high-temperature blank to be extruded to reach the position right above the die cavity of the simulation female die 8 under the drive of the drive motor 17, the manipulator 16 opens to enable the high-temperature blank to be extruded 13 to fall into the die cavity of the simulation female die 8, and the material supporting rod 11 descends to the initial position while the manipulator 16 moves; the mechanical arm 16 continuously retreats for a certain distance to avoid contacting with the descending simulation male die 9, at the moment, the extrusion hydraulic machine 7 drives the simulation male die 9 to descend, the high-temperature blank to be extruded 13 is extruded and is kept pressure for a period of time, then the extrusion hydraulic machine 7 drives the simulation male die 9 to ascend to an initial position, the ejection hydraulic machine 18 drives the ejection rod 19 to move upwards, the deformed extruded blank is ejected to a position which is flush with the upper surface of the simulation female die 8, at the moment, the ejection rod 28 pushes the extruded blank out under the driving of the ejection motor 29, then, the ejection rod 28 retreats to the initial position under the driving of the ejection motor 29, in the whole process, the thermocouple, the grating ruler 25 and the pressure sensor 24 record in real time, data are transmitted to a computer terminal to display in real time, the process is a cycle, a counter records, and after a test of a certain period, the male die and the simulation female die 8 are detached for surface observation.
In other embodiments, the male and female dies may be reversed; or the extrusion hydraulic press is arranged at the lower side to push the female die mounting seat to move upwards; the heating device can be a furnace which is directly arranged beside the frame and is used for the normal temperature blank to pass through and be heated; the feeding mechanism and the discharging mechanism can be controlled by the same manipulator through a plurality of motors.
The specific implementation process of the thermal engine fatigue testing method is consistent with the use method of the thermal engine fatigue testing machine, and the detailed development is omitted.
Claims (6)
1. Heat engine fatigue testing machine, its characterized in that: the testing machine comprises a rack, wherein a male die mounting seat used for mounting a simulation male die, a female die mounting seat used for mounting a simulation female die, a driving device used for driving the female die mounting seat and the male die mounting seat to move relatively so as to enable the simulation male die and the simulation female die to apply pressure to a blank are arranged on the rack, the testing machine further comprises a heating device used for heating the blank, a feeding device used for continuously feeding the blank to the heating device, and a feeding and discharging mechanism used for feeding the heated blank between the male die and the female die and used for discharging the pressed blank from between the male die and the female die, the heating device is an induction heating device, the induction heating device comprises an induction coil arranged on the rack and a power supply used for supplying power to the induction coil, the feeding device comprises a material supporting mechanism arranged on one axial side of the induction coil, the material supporting mechanism comprises a material supporting rod used for enabling the blank to pass through the induction coil along the axial direction, the feeding device comprises a feeding rod, a feeding motor, a supporting rod, a driving motor, a simulation die and a feeding mechanism, wherein the feeding rod is used for feeding blanks to the supporting rod and heating the blanks through the induction coil in the axial movement process, the feeding rod is arranged on a rack and used for placing the blanks in rows to realize continuous feeding, the supporting rod is provided with a pushing end which is parallel to the conveying plane of the conveying belt when being positioned at the feeding position, the lower side of the supporting rod is provided with a supporting motor used for driving the supporting rod to move up and down through the induction coil, the supporting rod can rise to the position where the upper end surface of the supporting rod is higher than the upper end surface of the simulation die under the driving of the supporting motor, the feeding mechanism comprises a manipulator and a driving motor, the manipulator is transversely arranged on the rack, the manipulator is positioned above the upper end surface of the simulation die and is respectively arranged on two sides of the simulation die together with the supporting rod, the supporting rod enables the blanks to be extruded at normal temperature, and receiving the heating of the induction coil, so that the blank to be extruded at normal temperature gradually becomes a blank to be extruded at high temperature at a preset temperature, and at the moment, the material supporting rod is lifted to a position flush with the manipulator; the manipulator grasps the high-temperature blank to be extruded and reaches the position right above the die cavity of the simulation female die under the driving of the driving motor, the manipulator opens to enable the high-temperature blank to be extruded to fall into the die cavity of the simulation female die, and the material supporting rod descends to the initial position while the manipulator moves.
2. A thermal engine fatigue testing machine according to claim 1, wherein: the blanks are of columnar structures, and the sizes of the blanks are consistent.
3. A thermal engine fatigue testing machine according to claim 1, wherein: the thermal engine fatigue testing machine further comprises a grating ruler which is arranged on the rack and used for detecting the relative distance between the female die mounting seat and the male die mounting seat.
4. A thermal engine fatigue testing machine according to claim 1, wherein: the die mounting seat is fixed on the frame through a workbench, an inverted T-shaped groove is formed in the workbench, and a bolt for fixing the die mounting seat is clamped in the inverted T-shaped groove.
5. A thermal engine fatigue testing machine according to claim 1, wherein: the heat engine fatigue testing machine further comprises an ejection mechanism used for pushing the extruded blank out of the simulation female die, the ejection mechanism comprises an ejection rod arranged on one side of the axial direction of the female die mounting seat, and a guide hole for guiding the ejection rod to penetrate through the blank ejected out after the blank is pressed is formed in the female die mounting seat.
6. A thermal engine fatigue testing machine according to claim 1, wherein: the heat engine fatigue testing machine further comprises a detection system, and the detection system comprises a pressure sensor arranged on the female die mounting seat and/or the male die mounting seat.
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| CN201710392990.1A CN107192625B (en) | 2017-05-27 | 2017-05-27 | Heat engine fatigue testing method and heat engine fatigue testing machine using same |
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| CN201710392990.1A CN107192625B (en) | 2017-05-27 | 2017-05-27 | Heat engine fatigue testing method and heat engine fatigue testing machine using same |
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| CN107192625B true CN107192625B (en) | 2020-04-10 |
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| CN107907563B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2023-08-29 | 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 | Hot stamping measurement tool and application method thereof |
| CN112129631B (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2024-07-30 | 浙江久立特材科技股份有限公司 | Cold deformation mold working curve design method based on full-size strain reinforcement |
| DE202024104319U1 (en) | 2024-08-01 | 2024-09-17 | Zwickroell Gmbh & Co. Kg | Articulated arm robot and testing machine with such a |
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| CN101811147A (en) * | 2010-04-16 | 2010-08-25 | 常州威诺德机械制造有限公司 | Numerical control double acting hydraulic press |
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