CN107192263A - Vacuum melting furnace - Google Patents

Vacuum melting furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107192263A
CN107192263A CN201710305311.2A CN201710305311A CN107192263A CN 107192263 A CN107192263 A CN 107192263A CN 201710305311 A CN201710305311 A CN 201710305311A CN 107192263 A CN107192263 A CN 107192263A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
main shaft
crucible
melting furnace
working chamber
vacuum melting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201710305311.2A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王海波
孔令鸿
高玉来
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenzhen Micro Nazeng Material Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shenzhen Micro Nazeng Material Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shenzhen Micro Nazeng Material Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Shenzhen Micro Nazeng Material Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN201710305311.2A priority Critical patent/CN107192263A/en
Publication of CN107192263A publication Critical patent/CN107192263A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/04Crucible or pot furnaces adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/10Crucibles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/14Arrangements of heating devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/20Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or like devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/04Crucible or pot furnaces adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
    • F27B2014/045Vacuum

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to 3D printing increasing material manufacturing and metallurgical technology field, there is provided a kind of vacuum melting furnace.The vacuum melting furnace includes controller, motor, main shaft, working chamber and the crucible being arranged in working chamber;One end of main shaft is connected with motor, the other end passes through the side wall of working chamber and is connected with crucible, crucible is provided with heater block, and heater block and motor are connected with controller, and the inside of main shaft has the passage for leading to the power circuit of heater block outside melting room.This vacuum melting furnace realizes the automatic turning of crucible by the cooperation of motor and main shaft, not only solve the problem of manual operation is inconvenient, and additionally use the main shaft with inner passage, formed and sealed with working chamber using the outside of main shaft, and the passage inside main shaft can also completely cut off the connection line of heater block in it, thus it will can be both arranged on for the mechanism for driving crucible to overturn outside melting room, it is to avoid influenceed by high temperature, good sealing can be accomplished again.

Description

Vacuum melting furnace
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3D printing increasing material manufacturing and metallurgical technology field, and in particular to a kind of vacuum melting furnace.
Background technology
Metal material is always the important materials needed for social and economic development, is occupied always predominantly in material industry Position.In the middle of the 19th century, after the appearance of open hearth and converter steeling technology, the mankind have really stepped into the steel epoch.In the 1940s, Vacuum melting technology comes out, and the technology is applied to high-quality melting, high-purity, the metal of infusibility.Metal dust is material production The important branch of industry, using metal dust, can prepare the workpiece of excellent performance.In recent years, with the leather of 3D printing technique Newly, industrial circle is more urgent to the demand of metal dust, and suitable for 3D printing metal dust, it is necessary to possess high-purity, The features such as low oxygen content.Therefore, the first choice of 3D printing metal dust preparation section link is turned into using vacuum melting technology.
At present, high pressure gas atomization is to prepare one of conventional method of 3D printing metal dust, the high pressure gas with crucible Atomization equipment investment is small, production cost is relatively low, it is adaptable to the most of metal dust of production.The metal of existing this method Melting process, after molten metal fusing is uniform, rotates melting kettle by artificial operation and forms potting syrup, operator is in rotating crucible During also to observe the cast situation of melting intracavitary molten metal simultaneously, once molten steel leakage or poured to heater block, part Or cavity will be burned, and need emergent stopping to operate.
Therefore, existing method has the following disadvantages:One is that process hand labor intensity is big, and the big crucible duration of pouring exists Between 15~30 minutes, in this period, operator will switching handle always, labor intensity is than larger;Two be prolonged people Work intensive work, operator can not maintain the angle of potting syrup stream always, it is impossible to realize stability contorting;Three be in emergency Under, operator is because carrying out two work simultaneously, it is difficult to by predetermined processing, easily trigger security incident.
Although there is also the vacuum melting furnace that some can realize crucible automatic turning in existing technology, due to vacuum melting The melting indoor temperature of stove is higher, and also needs to ensure that working chamber has enough seals, if will so be used to drive earthenware The motor of crucible upset is arranged in working chamber, then motor, each connection line and pipeline etc. are all highly susceptible to the shadow of high temperature Ring and break down;And if will for drive crucible overturn motor be arranged on outside melting room, then can not ensure well again The sealing of working chamber, so the vacuum melting furnace with crucible self-turnover more of the prior art is upper all in use In the presence of certain defect.
The content of the invention
(1) technical problem to be solved
The vacuum melting furnace of crucible automatic turning can be realized it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of.
(2) technical scheme
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of vacuum melting furnace, the vacuum melting furnace includes controller, electricity Machine, main shaft, working chamber and the crucible being arranged in the working chamber;One end of the main shaft is connected with the motor, separately One end passes through the side wall of the working chamber and is connected with the crucible, and the crucible is provided with heater block, the heater block It is connected with motor with the controller, the inside of the main shaft has leads to described melt by the power circuit of the heater block Refine outdoor passage.
It is preferred that, the main shaft is provided with lip ring, and the lip ring is used to melt with described in the main shaft Refine formation sealing between the side wall of room.
It is preferred that, the lip ring is located at the outside of the working chamber.
It is preferred that, the motor is connected by gearbox with the spindle drive;The gearbox has shift fork, described group Pitch for controlling the clutch between the gear on the gear and the motor in the gearbox;The main shaft is provided with handle.
It is preferred that, the handle has counterweight.
It is preferred that, support is provided with the working chamber, the support is used to the heater block being fixed on the crucible, The main shaft is connected by the support with the crucible.
It is preferred that, the induction coil is provided with water-cooling structure, and the power circuit includes at least two water-cooled coppers, two Inlet pipeline and water return pipeline of the water-cooled copper respectively as the water-cooling structure.
It is preferred that, the heater block is resistance.
It is preferred that, the controller has remote control.
It is preferred that, the main shaft is connected with the middle and upper part of the crucible.
(3) beneficial effect
A kind of vacuum melting furnace that the present invention is provided, the automatic turning of crucible is realized by the cooperation of motor and main shaft, no The problem of manual operation is inconvenient is address only, and additionally uses the main shaft with inner passage, using the outside of main shaft with melting Refine room and form sealing, and passage inside main shaft can also completely cut off the connection line of heater block in it, thus both can be with It will be arranged on for the mechanism for driving crucible to overturn outside melting room, it is to avoid influenceed by high temperature, and can accomplish good close again Envelope.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of vacuum melting furnace of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of workflow diagram of vacuum melting furnace of the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure:
1st, working chamber;2nd, support;3rd, crucible;4th, heat-insulation layer;5th, heater block;6th, lip ring;7th, main shaft;8th, hand Handle;9th, shaft coupling;10th, gearbox;11st, motor;12-1, controller;12-3, point driving switch;12-4, linked switch.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is A part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ordinary skill people The every other embodiment that member is obtained on the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of vacuum melting furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including controller 12-1, motor 11, main shaft 7th, working chamber 1 and the crucible being arranged in working chamber 1;Crucible, which is provided with, is used for adding to the metal material base formation heating in crucible Thermal part 5, the heater block 5 both can be induction coil or resistance, and the present embodiment uses induction coil, because For the mode of heating not only thermal efficiency height, and heat-insulation layer 4 can also be set up between induction coil and crucible of electromagnetic induction, profit The surrounding of crucible and bottom are wrapped up with heat-insulation layer 4, the thermal efficiency so can be further improved;Motor 11 is located at outside working chamber 1, Motor 11 can realize the drive connection between main shaft 7 by reductor and shaft coupling 9;The other end of main shaft 7 passes through working chamber 1 Side wall and be connected by induction coil with crucible, so will pass through the rotation of motor 11 and realize the upset of crucible.
Controller 12-1 can be PLC control system, be connected respectively with motor 11 and heater block 5, by motor Control and realize the automatic turning of crucible;The inside of main shaft 7 has channel design, for accommodating heater block 5 and controller 12- Connection line between 1, and the end of main shaft 7 is then tightly connected with heater block 5;Controller 12-1 can integrated power supply module, Power module is connected by circuit with heater block 5, and such controller 12-1 need to only be realized by the control to power module The start and stop of heater block 5.
The vacuum melting furnace of the present embodiment realizes the automatic turning of crucible by the cooperation between motor 11 and main shaft 7, no Address only the problem of manual operation is inconvenient, and additionally use the main shaft 7 with inner passage, using main shaft 7 outside with Working chamber 1 forms sealing, and the passage inside main shaft 7 can also completely cut off the power circuit of heater block 5 in it, thus both It will can be arranged on for the mechanism for driving crucible to overturn outside working chamber 1, it is to avoid influenceed by high temperature, can accomplish good again Sealing.
Lip ring 6 can also be set on above-mentioned main shaft 7, the lip ring 6 can be tightly connected disk, for Sealing is formed between main shaft 7 and the side wall of working chamber 1;And the lip ring 6 is preferably located at the outside of working chamber 1, so For the working chamber 1 under environment under low pressure, lip ring 6 by negative pressure due to being acted on, and sealing effectiveness can be more preferable.
Support 2 can also be set in working chamber 1 and positioned at the side of crucible, the support 2 can be distributed in the two of crucible 3 Side, for heater block 5 to be fixed on into crucible 3, main shaft 7 is connected by support 2 with the side of crucible 3;The branch of the opposite side of crucible 3 Frame 2 can also be rotated with the side wall of working chamber 1 by rotating shaft and is connected, to ensure that main shaft 7 being capable of smooth rotation.
Main shaft 7 is preferably to be connected with the middle and upper part of crucible 3, and such crucible rotates close to original position, the melting gold in crucible Category is not susceptible to vibration during upset, and the amplitude of fluctuation of crucible opening also will not be excessive.
Motor 11 can be connected by gearbox 10 with main shaft 7, and gearbox has shift fork, and shift fork is used to control gearbox The clutch between gear on interior gear and motor 11, main shaft 7 be provided with handle 8, thus can realize manual mode with it is electronic Switching between pattern.
Heater block 5 can include induction coil, and induction coil is provided with water-cooling structure, and the power circuit of induction coil is extremely Include two water-cooled coppers less, two water-cooled coppers respectively as the water-cooling structure inlet pipeline and water return pipeline, without Again individually in the upper shed of working chamber 1, it is to avoid destroy its sealing.
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 2, whole process of the invention is:1. → 3. reversely charging protective gas feed → is 2. vacuumized → 4. melting → 5. replying state of upset cast → 6., specific implementation step is as follows:
1. feed:Working chamber 1 is opened, metal charge base is loaded into crucible 3.
2. vacuumize:Start mechanical pump to vacuumize working chamber 1, be evacuated to 500Pa;Start lobe pump, working chamber 1 is taken out very Sky, is evacuated to below 5Pa;Start diffusion pump to vacuumize working chamber 1, vacuum is evacuated to 6.63 × 10-3During below Pa, termination of pumping.
3. reversely charging protective gas:Inert gas is filled with into working chamber 1, charge is 0.06MPa.
4. melting:Start heater block 5, start smelting metal material base uniform to molten metal fusing.
5. upset cast, specifically includes following several operator schemes:
5.1 Manual Mode
PLC 12-1 can be furnished with remote control, and remote control is provided with point driving switch 12-3;It is to transfer speed change in crawl operation The shift fork of case 10, makes the gear of motor 11 be engaged with the gear of gearbox 10, presses point driving switch 12-3, and PLC 12-1 is by crawl Instruction is transmitted to motor 11, and the gear rotation of motor 11 drives reducer gear to rotate a certain angle, passes through shaft coupling 9 and master Axle 7, spinning movement is driven to melting kettle 3, realizes the upset of melting kettle 3.Reducer gear upset angle signal by Encoder is gathered and fed back to PLC 12-1, and the crawl of melting kettle 3 completes 0 ° → 90 ° upsets.It is easy to by straighforward operation When operator implements crawl action, the cast situation of the inner metal liquid of working chamber 1 is observed.Long-press point driving switch 12-3, then melting earthenware Crucible 3 completes 0 ° → 90 ° linkage rotary movements.
5.2 linkage pattern
The shift fork of gearbox 10 is transferred, the gear of motor 11 is engaged with the gear of gearbox 10, presses linked switch 14-4, PLC Linkage instruction is transmitted to motor 11 by controller 12-1, and the rotation of the gear of motor 11 drives reducer gear rotation, reaches controller The maximum of the default reducer gear flip angles of 12-1, and by shaft coupling 9 and main shaft 7, spinning movement is driven to molten Crucible 3 is refined, melting kettle 3 completes 0 ° → 90 ° continual upsets.Linked switch 14-4 is arranged in the distant of PLC 12-1 In control, when being easy to operator's implementation linkage action, the cast situation of the inner metal liquid of working chamber 1 is observed.Melting kettle 30 ° → When 90 ° of upsets are to any angle, linked switch 14-4 is pressed, crucible 3 stops upset, linked switch 14-4, crucible 3 are pressed again The continual rotary movement for being accomplished to 90 ° will be continued.
5.3 artificial inverted patterns
This vacuum melting furnace is provided with artificial inverted pattern, to prevent stopping production that the failures such as motor 11, reductor are caused.Transfer The shift fork of gearbox 10, makes the gear of motor 11 be separated with the gear of gearbox 10, and operator can realize melting kettle by pulling handle 8 3 rotary movements, in 0 ° → 90 ° upsets, can also set one spacing every 10 °, can be fixed on crucible 3 under 9 angles.Handle 8 are provided with counterweight, make artificial operation more laborsaving.
6. replying state:
6.1 Manual Mode
The gear of motor 11 is in engagement with the gear of gearbox 10, and the crawl of melting kettle 3 completes 0 ° → 90 ° upsets, reached To the maximum of the default reducer gear flip angles of controller 12-1, then by point driving switch 12-3, then melting kettle 3 exists 90 ° → 0 ° crawl is replied.Now, long-press point driving switch 12-3, the then complete in 90 ° → 0 ° of linkage reply action of melting kettle 3.
6.2 linkage pattern
The gear of motor 11 is in engagement with the gear of gearbox 10, and melting kettle 3 completes 0 ° → 90 ° upsets, reaches control The maximum of the default reducer gear flip angles of device 12-1 processed, then by linked switch 14-4, then melting kettle 3 is complete in 90 ° → 0 ° of uninterrupted reply.Melting kettle 3 presses linked switch 14-4 when returning back to any angle for 90 ° → 0 °, and crucible 3 stops Reply, linked switch 14-4 is pressed again, crucible 3 will continue the continual complete reply for being angled into 0 ° and act.
6.3 artificial reply patterns
The shift fork of gearbox 10 is transferred, the gear of motor 11 is separated with the gear of gearbox 10, operator can be by pulling handle 8 The rotary movement of melting kettle 3 is realized, in 90 ° → 0 ° reply, has one spacing every 10 °, crucible 3 can be fixed under 9 angles.
Apparatus of the present invention pass through PLC 12-1 motors 11, the rotation of the gear of motor 11 after molten metal fusing is uniform Turn, drive reducer gear rotation, and by shaft coupling 9 and main shaft 7, spinning movement is driven to melting kettle 3, crucible is completed The pouring metal melt action of 3 automatic turnings.During operator without manual overturning crucible 3, can be absorbed in observation melting chamber in Potting syrup situation, so as to reduce labor intensity and reduce potential safety hazard.
Finally it should be noted that:The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations;Although The present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those within the art that:It still may be used To be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitution is carried out to which part technical characteristic; And these modification or replace, do not make appropriate technical solution essence depart from various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme spirit and Scope.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of vacuum melting furnace, it is characterised in that:Including controller, motor, main shaft, working chamber and it is arranged on the working chamber Interior crucible;One end of the main shaft and the motor are connected, the other end through the working chamber side wall and with it is described Crucible is connected, and the crucible is provided with heater block, and the heater block and motor are connected with the controller, the main shaft Inside there is the passage that leads to the power circuit of the heater block outside the melting room.
2. vacuum melting furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The main shaft is provided with lip ring, described Lip ring is used between the side wall of the main shaft and the working chamber form sealing.
3. vacuum melting furnace according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The lip ring is located at the working chamber Outside.
4. vacuum melting furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The motor is passed by gearbox and the main shaft Dynamic connection;The gearbox has shift fork, gear and the tooth on the motor that the shift fork is used to control in the gearbox Clutch between wheel;The main shaft is provided with handle.
5. vacuum melting furnace according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The handle has counterweight.
6. vacuum melting furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Support, the support are provided with the working chamber For the heater block to be fixed on into the crucible, the main shaft is connected by the support with the crucible.
7. vacuum melting furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The heater block includes induction coil, described Induction coil is provided with water-cooling structure, and the power circuit includes at least two water-cooled coppers, and two water-cooled coppers are made respectively For the inlet pipeline and water return pipeline of the water-cooling structure.
8. vacuum melting furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The heater block is resistance.
9. vacuum melting furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The controller has remote control.
10. the vacuum melting furnace according to any one of claim 1 to 9, it is characterised in that:The main shaft and the crucible Middle and upper part is connected.
CN201710305311.2A 2017-05-03 2017-05-03 Vacuum melting furnace Pending CN107192263A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710305311.2A CN107192263A (en) 2017-05-03 2017-05-03 Vacuum melting furnace

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710305311.2A CN107192263A (en) 2017-05-03 2017-05-03 Vacuum melting furnace

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN107192263A true CN107192263A (en) 2017-09-22

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201710305311.2A Pending CN107192263A (en) 2017-05-03 2017-05-03 Vacuum melting furnace

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN107192263A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112692258A (en) * 2021-03-25 2021-04-23 上海鑫蓝海自动化科技有限公司 Automatic fixed-point casting device of vacuum precision casting furnace
CN114485167A (en) * 2022-02-24 2022-05-13 上海元定科技有限公司 Working process of smelting chamber

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105772661A (en) * 2014-12-26 2016-07-20 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 Quick alloy solidification equipment and quick alloy solidification method using same
CN206772000U (en) * 2017-05-03 2017-12-19 深圳微纳增材技术有限公司 Vacuum melting furnace

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105772661A (en) * 2014-12-26 2016-07-20 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 Quick alloy solidification equipment and quick alloy solidification method using same
CN206772000U (en) * 2017-05-03 2017-12-19 深圳微纳增材技术有限公司 Vacuum melting furnace

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112692258A (en) * 2021-03-25 2021-04-23 上海鑫蓝海自动化科技有限公司 Automatic fixed-point casting device of vacuum precision casting furnace
CN112692258B (en) * 2021-03-25 2021-06-08 上海鑫蓝海自动化科技有限公司 Automatic fixed-point casting device of vacuum precision casting furnace
CN114485167A (en) * 2022-02-24 2022-05-13 上海元定科技有限公司 Working process of smelting chamber

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Application publication date: 20170922

RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication