CN107188184A - The hydrothermal preparing process of porous silica material and the preparation method of gas fluorescent optical sensor - Google Patents

The hydrothermal preparing process of porous silica material and the preparation method of gas fluorescent optical sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107188184A
CN107188184A CN201710293877.8A CN201710293877A CN107188184A CN 107188184 A CN107188184 A CN 107188184A CN 201710293877 A CN201710293877 A CN 201710293877A CN 107188184 A CN107188184 A CN 107188184A
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solution
porous silica
silica material
hydrothermal
silicon piece
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CN107188184B (en
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程露丹
张冉
马辉
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Finder Detection Technologies Co ltd
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Hangzhou Finder Detection Technology Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B33/00Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B33/02Silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C30CRYSTAL GROWTH
    • C30BSINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C30B29/00Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
    • C30B29/02Elements
    • C30B29/06Silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C30CRYSTAL GROWTH
    • C30BSINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C30B33/00After-treatment of single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure
    • C30B33/08Etching
    • C30B33/10Etching in solutions or melts
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/6428Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
    • G01N21/643Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes" non-biological material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/01Particle morphology depicted by an image
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/01Particle morphology depicted by an image
    • C01P2004/03Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM

Abstract

It is used for explosive fluoroscopic examination material preparation method, more particularly to a kind of hydrothermal preparing process of porous silica material the present invention relates to one kind, the hydrothermal preparing process of porous silica material comprises the following steps:Monocrystalline silicon piece is fixed in the liner of hydrothermal reaction kettle after over cleaning, injects etchant solution within the liner, and etchant solution is the HF solution of mass fraction 30% 50% and the 1mol/L of concentration 0.3 zinc nitrate solution, and the volume ratio of HF solution and zinc nitrate solution is 2.5:1‑6:1;Liner is put in hydrothermal reaction kettle shell, hydrothermal reaction kettle is placed in baking oven and carries out heating response, question response terminates to be cooled to after room temperature, monocrystalline silicon piece is taken out and rinses well, drying is taken out after hydrogen peroxide dipping;The present invention has the advantages that high porosity, luminous intensity height, surface apertures are homogeneous as a result of above technical scheme, the porous silica material of preparation;The porous silicon prepared using technical solution of the present invention has fluorescence intensity high as the gas fluorescent optical sensor of substrate, and film forming is homogeneous, reference area is high, excellent adsorption the advantages of.

Description

The hydrothermal preparing process of porous silica material and the preparation method of gas fluorescent optical sensor
Technical field
Hydro-thermal the present invention relates to one kind for explosive fluoroscopic examination material preparation method, more particularly to porous silica material The preparation method of preparation method and gas fluorescent optical sensor.
Background technology
As the attack of terrorism is more and more fiery, terrorist activity seriously threatened social safety, people's property safety, life Safety etc., therefore, if we can effectively detect explosive, it will to society, the life security and property safety of the people Bigger guarantee is provided.The various technologies such as police dog, ion mobility spectrometry, x-ray imaging, mass spectrum all apply to detect explosive, but It is that police dog is due to its work fatigue, and instrument is existed again to be had the shortcomings that radioactive source, volume are big and limit it in real life In use.It is emerging technology that harmful influence is detected by fluorescence quenching method, and it is without radioactive source, small volume, spirit The advantages of sensitivity is high attracts increasing researcher.At present, the explosive detection technology by principle of fluorescent quenching is being just In continue to develop improve during, its highly sensitive gas fluorescent optical sensor mainly has following several:1st, unimolecule is passed through Different fluorescent small molecules and different length, the linking arm of structure are grown on tabular quartz glass by self assembly, so as to obtain Studies of Fluorescent Film Sensors.2nd, fluorescence molecule is prepared into solution, obtained by the siphonage of capillary quartz glass tube with hair Fine quartz glass tube is the Studies of Fluorescent Film Sensors that substrate inwall has fluorescence molecule.
Above-mentioned fluorescent optical sensor all uses quartz glass as substrate, and quartz substrate surface does not all have porous knot Structure, simply simply make use of its smooth surface, for loose structure, the small adsorptivity of its specific surface area is poor.Porous silicon Be one kind using nanometer silicon atom as skeleton, structure is loose spongiform semi-conducting material, with specific surface area it is big (>500m2/ Cm3), the outstanding advantage such as luminescence generated by light.Therefore, the fluorescent optical sensor and above-mentioned fluorescence being prepared from using porous silicon as substrate Sensor is compared, convenient with preparing, simple to operate, and sensitivity is high, prepare low cost and other advantages.
Anodic attack method is the most common method for preparing porous silicon, and using silicon chip as anode, platinum electrode is used as negative electrode, HF Electrochemical corrosion is carried out as electrolyte.People's solution ratio different by adjusting, different corrosion currents, different corrosion Time and the porous silicon that different pore size is obtained using different types of silicon chip, and aperture can be from micropore to mesoporous to big Hole is adjustable.But this method has the following disadvantages:1. the porous silicon of generation is more easily damaged.2. silicon chip is easy in corrosion process It is destroyed.3. poor repeatability.However, hydro-thermal method solves these problems well.
At present, the method preparation process that a kind of hydro-thermal method excessively that Chinese University of Science and Technology announces prepares porous silicon is as follows:1.p type silicon chips (resistivity is 0.005 Ω .cm-1) is positioned in polytetrafluoroethyllining lining.2. in a reservoir add 0.2mol/LLiF and 4.0mol/LHNO3 mixed solutions, filling rate is 70%.3. liner is put into rustless steel container, baking oven is transferred to, 160 degree, 6H.Obtain that surface apertures are homogeneous, stable luminescence porous silicon by this method, but there is showing for blue shift in the porous silicon prepared As, and luminous intensity is inadequate.
The content of the invention
There is the phenomenon of blue shift for the porous silicon for preparing in the prior art in the present invention, and luminous intensity not enough there is provided A kind of hydrothermal preparing process of porous silica material.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is addressed by following technical proposals:The hydro-thermal of porous silica material Preparation method, comprises the following steps:
Cleaned after monocrystalline silicon piece ethanol, acetone soak;
Monocrystalline silicon piece is placed in the liner of hydrothermal reaction kettle after cleaning, etchant solution is injected within the liner;
Liner is put in hydrothermal reaction kettle shell, hydrothermal reaction kettle is placed in baking oven and carries out heating response, treats that its is anti- It should terminate to be cooled to after room temperature, take out monocrystalline silicon piece and rinse well;
The monocrystalline silicon piece rinsed well takes out drying after hydrogen peroxide dipping;
The etchant solution injected in liner is mass fraction 30%-50% HF solution and concentration 0.3-1mol/L nitric acid The volume ratio of zinc solution, HF solution and zinc nitrate solution is 2.5:1-6:1;The raw material of etchant solution is selected, matched and reaction bar The part difference that to be the technical program maximum with prior art, using the composition of raw materials of art solutions etchant solution of the present invention It is intended that expectation generates zinc oxide in porous silicon surface, increases the induction sensitivity to explosive, but obtain in many experiments Porous silicon finished product detection have been surprisingly found that, using technical solution of the present invention, because of corruption of the zinc ion to monocrystalline silicon piece in etchant solution Catalytic action is lost to obtain, the porous silicon of generation is provided with the advantages of high porosity, luminous intensity are high, surface apertures are homogeneous.
Preferably, baking oven heating-up temperature is 130 DEG C -160 DEG C, the time is 1-2 hours.
Preferably, the mass fraction 3% of hydrogen peroxide, soak time 1-3 days.
Preferably, monocrystalline silicon piece is the p type single crystal silicon piece of single-sided polishing, resistivity is 0.001-2 Ω/cm3.
The present invention is as a result of above technical scheme, and the porous silica material of preparation has significant technique effect:It is made Porous silicon have the advantages that high porosity, luminous intensity be high, surface apertures are homogeneous;Rapid thermal oxidation need not be carried out, directly With regard to obvious photic feux rouges phenomenon can be seen under uviol lamp.
The invention further relates to the preparation method of gas fluorescent optical sensor, for the porous of prior art gas fluorescent optical sensor The phenomenon of blue shift occurs in silicon, and there is provided the preparation method of gas fluorescent optical sensor for the inadequate defect of luminous intensity.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is addressed by following technical proposals:By fluorescence polymer solution It is spun on the porous silica material that claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 is prepared, and 70 DEG C -100 DEG C dry 1-5 hours, fluorescence is high Molecular solution is that fluorescence polymer material mixes to the solution obtained by dissolving, the matter of fluorescence polymer solution with chloroformic solution It is 0.5-5mg/ml's to measure volume ratio.
Preferably, fluorescence polymer material using poly- [2- methoxyl groups -5- (2- ethyl hexyl oxies)-Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-phenylacetylene], Poly- [2- methoxyl groups -5- (3 ', 7 '-dimethyl-octa epoxide) -1,4- phenylacetylenes], it is poly- [2,5- double (3 ', 7 '-dimethyl-octa epoxide) - 1,4- phenylenevinylenes], it is any in poly- [2- methoxyl groups -5- (2- ethyl hexyl oxies) -1,4- styrene].
The present invention is as a result of above technical scheme, and having obtained can be for the gas fluorescence sense that detects explosive Device.The gas fluorescent optical sensor has following advantage:1st, the photoluminescence spectra of the hydro-thermal porous silicon is just high with fluorescence The absorption spectrum of molecule is overlapping, occurs FRET phenomenons, as a result causes porous silicon light intensity to die down, the light intensity of fluorescence polymer increases By force.2nd, the nano-pore aperture of hydro-thermal porous silicon surface is homogeneous, and the fluorescence for greatly adding the spin-coating film as substrate is passed The homogeneity of sensor.3rd, the high-specific surface area of hydro-thermal porous silicon surface, high adsorption are that Fluorescent gas sensor is added and treated The area of gas contact is surveyed, nano-porous surface also provides siphonage simultaneously so that the rate of adsorption is speeded.
In a word, the porous silicon prepared using technical solution of the present invention has fluorescence intensity as the gas fluorescent optical sensor of substrate Height, film forming is homogeneous, and reference area is high, excellent adsorption, and with making that simple, cost is low, sensitivity is high, that reaction rate is fast is excellent Point.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of porous silicon made from the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is luminescence generated by light phenomenon comparison diagram of the porous silicon made from the embodiment of the present invention 1 under uviol lamp.
Fig. 3 is porous silicon pl figures made from the embodiment of the present invention 1 and gas Fluorescent gas sensor pl figures.
Fig. 4 is the pl figures of the TNT reactions of gas fluorescent optical sensor made from the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of hydrothermal preparing process of porous silica material, preparation process is as follows:
Cleaned after monocrystalline silicon piece ethanol, acetone soak;In the present embodiment, monocrystalline silicon piece is 0.001-2 Ω/cm3 list The p-type of mirror polish<100>Monocrystalline silicon piece, cleaning way is ultrasonic cleaning 10 minutes, then is rinsed 3-5 times repeatedly with distilled water.
Monocrystalline silicon piece is placed in the liner of hydrothermal reaction kettle after cleaning, etchant solution is injected within the liner;The present embodiment In, mass fraction is 40% HF solution 30-50ml, and concentration is 0.3-1mol/L zinc nitrate 5-20ml etchant solutions.
Liner is put in hydrothermal reaction kettle shell, covers, tighten, hydrothermal reaction kettle is placed in baking oven and heat instead Should, temperature is 140 DEG C, and the time is 1-2 hour, after its reaction end is cooled to room temperature, takes out monocrystalline silicon piece and rinses well; Backwashing manner is to be rinsed repeatedly with distilled water.
The monocrystalline silicon piece rinsed well takes out drying after hydrogen peroxide dipping;The mass fraction of hydrogen peroxide is 3%, during immersion Between be 1 day.
The preparation method of gas fluorescent optical sensor:Take poly- [2- methoxyl groups -5- (the 2- ethyl hexyls of appropriate high molecular fluorescent material Epoxide)-Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-phenylacetylene], dissolved with chloroform solvent, mass volume ratio is 0.5-5mg/ml;Treat the poly- [2- of high molecular fluorescent material Methoxyl group -5- (2- ethyl hexyl oxies) -1,4- phenylacetylenes] dissolve and completely afterwards revolved high molecular fluorescent material solvent using sol evenning machine It is coated on porous silica material prepared by above-mentioned hydrothermal preparing process, is subsequently placed in 70-100 degree in baking oven, 1-5 hour.Produce Gas fluorescent optical sensor by substrate of hydro-thermal porous silicon.
As Figure 1-4, it is the experimental result test chart of the present embodiment hydro-thermal porous silica material and gas fluorescent optical sensor, As shown in figure 1, porous silicon surface has high porosity, the homogeneous advantage in nano-pore aperture;As shown in Fig. 2 through this patent skill Porous silicon prepared by art scheme need not carry out rapid thermal oxidation, with regard to that can see that obvious photic feux rouges shows directly under uviol lamp As;Experimental result as in Figure 2-4 shows, the absorption of the photoluminescence spectra of the hydro-thermal porous silicon just with fluorescence polymer Spectra overlapping, occurs FRET phenomenons, as a result causes porous silicon light intensity to die down, the light intensity of fluorescence polymer is greatly enhanced, and hydro-thermal is more High-specific surface area, the high adsorption of hole silicon face are that Fluorescent gas sensor adds the area contacted with test gas, nanometer Porous surface also provides siphonage simultaneously so that the rate of adsorption is speeded.
Embodiment 2
Substantially the same manner as Example 1, it is quality point that it, which distinguishes the etchant solution for being to be injected in the liner of hydrothermal reaction kettle, Number is 30% HF solution 50ml, and concentration is 0.3mol/L zinc nitrate 20ml;The temperature of baking oven heating hydrothermal reaction kettle is 160 DEG C, the time is 1 hour;Take out monocrystalline silicon piece to rinse well, flushing, which is put into after terminating in the hydrogen peroxide of mass fraction 3%, soaks Drying is taken out after 2 days;High molecular fluorescent material is poly- [2- methoxyl groups -5- (3 ', 7 '-dimethyl-octa epoxide) -1,4- phenylacetylenes].
The technique effect of the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1.
Embodiment 3
Substantially the same manner as Example 1, it is quality point that it, which distinguishes the etchant solution for being to be injected in the liner of hydrothermal reaction kettle, Number is 30% HF solution 60ml, and concentration is 1mol/L zinc nitrate 10ml;The temperature of baking oven heating hydrothermal reaction kettle is 130 DEG C, the time is 2 hours;Reaction end is cooled to after room temperature, is taken out monocrystalline silicon piece and is rinsed well, flushing is put into quality after terminating Drying is taken out after being soaked 3 days in the hydrogen peroxide of fraction 3%;High molecular fluorescent material is poly- [double (3 ', the 7 '-dimethyl-octa oxygen of 2,5- Base) -1,4- phenylenevinylenes].
The technique effect of the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1.
In a word, presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all equalizations made according to scope of the present invention patent be the foregoing is only Change and modification, should all belong to the covering scope of patent of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. the hydrothermal preparing process of porous silica material, comprises the following steps:
Cleaned after monocrystalline silicon piece ethanol, acetone soak;
Monocrystalline silicon piece is placed in the liner of hydrothermal reaction kettle after cleaning, etchant solution is injected within the liner;
Liner is put in hydrothermal reaction kettle shell, hydrothermal reaction kettle is placed in baking oven and carries out heating response, its reaction knot is treated Beam is cooled to after room temperature, is taken out monocrystalline silicon piece and is rinsed well;
The monocrystalline silicon piece rinsed well takes out drying after hydrogen peroxide dipping;
It is characterized in that:Etchant solution is that mass fraction 30%-50% HF solution and concentration 0.3-1mol/L zinc nitrate are molten The volume ratio of liquid, HF solution and zinc nitrate solution is 2.5:1-6:1.
2. the hydrothermal preparing process of porous silica material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Baking oven heating-up temperature is 130 DEG C -160 DEG C, the time is 1-2 hours.
3. the hydrothermal preparing process of porous silica material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The mass fraction of hydrogen peroxide For 3%, soak time 1-3 days.
4. the hydrothermal preparing process of porous silica material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Monocrystalline silicon piece is thrown for one side The p type single crystal silicon piece of light, resistivity is 0.001-2 Ω/cm3.
5. the preparation method of gas fluorescent optical sensor, it is characterised in that:Fluorescence polymer solution is spun to claim 1 or 2 Or 3 or 4 on the porous silica material prepared, and 70 DEG C -100 DEG C dry 1-5 hours, fluorescence polymer solution is fluorescence high score Sub- material mixes to the solution obtained by dissolving with chloroformic solution, and the mass volume ratio of fluorescence polymer solution is 0.5-5mg/ ml。
6. the preparation method of gas fluorescent optical sensor according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:Fluorescence polymer material is adopted With poly- [2- methoxyl groups -5- (2- ethyl hexyl oxies) -1,4- phenylacetylenes], poly- [2- methoxyl groups -5- (3 ', 7 '-dimethyl-octa oxygen Base) -1,4- phenylacetylenes], poly- [2,5- double (3 ', 7 '-dimethyl-octa epoxide) -1,4- phenylenevinylenes], it is poly- [2- methoxyl groups - 5- (2- ethyl hexyl oxies) -1,4- styrene] in it is any.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111172597A (en) * 2020-01-21 2020-05-19 河南理工大学 Preparation method of luminescent porous silicon
CN113638053A (en) * 2021-08-09 2021-11-12 杭州芬得检测技术有限公司 Preparation method of porous black silicon material, preparation method of fluorescent sensor and method for detecting explosive by using fluorescent sensor

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US20080069756A1 (en) * 2005-01-27 2008-03-20 Fumitaka Kume Preferential Etching Method and Silicon Single Crystal Substrate
US20100301276A1 (en) * 2009-05-27 2010-12-02 Joong Kee Lee Method of preparing bundle type silicon nanorod composite through electroless etching process using metal ions and anode active material for lithium secondary cells comprising the same
CN102391014A (en) * 2011-08-12 2012-03-28 华北水利水电学院 Active substrate with surface enhanced Raman scattering effect
CN103865180A (en) * 2012-12-12 2014-06-18 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Luminescent composite material and preparation method thereof
CN105970278A (en) * 2016-04-27 2016-09-28 杭州芬得检测技术有限公司 Preparation method of porous silicon material

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1241611A (en) * 1998-07-09 2000-01-19 中国科学技术大学 Hydrothermal preparation process of luminous iron-deactivated porous silicon
US20080069756A1 (en) * 2005-01-27 2008-03-20 Fumitaka Kume Preferential Etching Method and Silicon Single Crystal Substrate
US20100301276A1 (en) * 2009-05-27 2010-12-02 Joong Kee Lee Method of preparing bundle type silicon nanorod composite through electroless etching process using metal ions and anode active material for lithium secondary cells comprising the same
CN102391014A (en) * 2011-08-12 2012-03-28 华北水利水电学院 Active substrate with surface enhanced Raman scattering effect
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111172597A (en) * 2020-01-21 2020-05-19 河南理工大学 Preparation method of luminescent porous silicon
CN111172597B (en) * 2020-01-21 2021-03-26 河南理工大学 Preparation method of luminescent porous silicon
CN113638053A (en) * 2021-08-09 2021-11-12 杭州芬得检测技术有限公司 Preparation method of porous black silicon material, preparation method of fluorescent sensor and method for detecting explosive by using fluorescent sensor

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