CN107187126B - 一种过滤用的环保滤材 - Google Patents

一种过滤用的环保滤材 Download PDF

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CN107187126B
CN107187126B CN201710405798.1A CN201710405798A CN107187126B CN 107187126 B CN107187126 B CN 107187126B CN 201710405798 A CN201710405798 A CN 201710405798A CN 107187126 B CN107187126 B CN 107187126B
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silk
environmentally friendly
filter material
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CN107187126A (zh
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单素梅
朱彦加
朱靓靓
吴健健
张瑜
李素英
付译鋆
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Jiangsu Lvdi Environmental Protection Filter Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种过滤用的环保滤材，它包括由纳米聚苯硫醚丝、纳米玄武岩纤维丝、纳米碳纤维丝和纳米芳纶纤维丝混纺得到的纺织布，针刺在纺织布上下表面的氟美斯针刺毡，针刺在氟美斯针刺毡表面的玻璃纤维水针毡，涂覆在玻璃纤维水针毡表面的带微孔的薄膜；粘结在带微孔薄膜表面的二氧化硅气凝胶，粘结在二氧化硅气凝胶表面的HEPA高效滤网。本发明通过大量实验筛选得到最佳的纤维材料，制备得到的环保滤材结构设计合理，过滤性能好，并且具有优异的阻燃、耐腐蚀、耐高温、防油污防水和抗拉力性强等综合性能，并且使用寿命长，可广泛应用于钢铁、水泥、石油化工、垃圾焚烧和电石厂等不同的行业，是一种新型的过滤材料，应用前景广泛。

Description

一种过滤用的环保滤材
技术领域
本发明涉及一种环保滤材，具体涉及一种环保性强，过滤性能好，耐腐蚀，耐高温，抗拉力性强的过滤用的环保滤材。
背景技术
在钢铁、水泥、石油化工、垃圾焚烧、电石厂等行业，生产过程中易产生大量的粉尘或烟雾等，需要过滤除尘处理，但是现有技术的滤材料，耐腐蚀，耐高温，抗拉力性强和防油污性能弱，过滤效果差，易出现堵袋等问题，使用寿命较短，耐用性能差。
因此，很有必要在现有技术的基础之上，设计研发一种结构设计合理，过滤性能好，耐腐蚀、耐高温和抗拉力性强，使用寿命长，应用范围广泛的工业滤材。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术的不足，提供一种结构设计合理，过滤性能好，耐腐蚀、耐高温、防油污和抗拉力性强，使用寿命长，应用范围广泛的工业滤材。
技术方案：为了实现以上目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：
一种过滤用的环保滤材，它包括由聚苯硫醚丝、玄武岩纤维丝、碳纤维丝和芳纶纤维丝混纺得到的纺织布，针刺在纺织布上下表面的氟美斯针刺毡，针刺在氟美斯针刺毡表面的玻璃纤维水针毡，涂覆在玻璃纤维水针毡表面的带微孔的薄膜；粘结在带微孔薄膜表面的二氧化硅气凝胶，粘结在二氧化硅气凝胶表面的HEPA高效滤网；
所述的聚苯硫醚丝表面经过聚氨酯溶液浸渍处理；
所述的玄武岩纤维丝表面经过有机硅树脂浸渍处理；
所述的玻璃纤维丝和芳纶纤维丝的表面经过聚四氟乙烯树脂浸渍处理；
所述的聚苯硫醚丝、玄武岩纤维丝、碳纤维丝和芳纶纤维丝的体积比为1～3:2～6:3～9:1～4；
所述的带微孔的薄膜为热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、聚四氟乙烯薄膜或酚醛环氧树脂薄膜。
作为优选方案，以上所述的过滤用的环保滤材，所述的聚苯硫醚丝为纳米聚苯硫醚丝、玄武岩纤维丝为纳米玄武岩纤维丝、碳纤维丝为纳米碳纤维丝和芳纶纤维丝为纳米芳纶纤维丝。
作为优选方案，以上所述的过滤用的环保滤材，所述的纺织布的厚度为2～6毫米，平方米的重量为800～1200克。
作为优选方案，以上所述的过滤用的环保滤材，所述的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、聚四氟乙烯薄膜和酚醛环氧树脂薄膜的微孔直径为2～10微米。
作为优选方案，以上所述的过滤用的环保滤材，所述的HEPA高效滤网呈褶叠状。
HEPA(High efficiency particulate air Filter)，中文意思为高效空气过滤器，达到HEPA标准的过滤网，对于0.1微米和0.3微米的有效率达到99.7％，HEPA过滤网的特点是可以高效过滤空气中细小的微粒，对直径为0.3微米(头发直径的1/200)以上的微粒去除效率可达到98％以上，是烟雾、灰尘以及细菌等污染物最有效的过滤媒介。本发明采用HEPA高效滤网呈褶叠状，可以增大过滤面积，风阻小，容尘量大，过滤精度高，对粉尘进行前期初步过滤优异性能。
作为优选方案，以上所述的过滤用的环保滤材，所述的二氧化硅气凝胶为纳米级二氧化硅气凝胶。本发明通过大量实验筛选，采用特有的二氧化硅气凝胶具有大的比表面积和高的孔洞率，对粉尘具有高的过滤性能。
作为优选方案，以上所述的过滤用的环保滤材，所述的二氧化硅气凝胶内填充有质量体积比1:5～50的纳米银抗菌剂。本发明根据实际需要在二氧化硅气凝胶内填充有纳米银抗菌剂，在过滤粉尘的同时，不仅具有良好的过滤性能，且具有优异的抗菌性能，取得很好的技术效果。
作为优选方案，以上所述的过滤用的环保滤材，所述的纺织布与氟美斯针刺毡之间设有压力传感器，压力传感器与报警器相连。所述的纺织布与氟美斯针刺毡之间设有温度传感器。本发明设置有压力传感器和温度传感器，可以实时监控滤料使用过程中的压力和温度，当压力达到较大值时，及时清理和更换，保证过滤效能和安全性，具有较好的自动化性能。
在化纤领域，单种纤维的纺织布性能并不全面，如在保持良好抗拉力和硬度同时，弹性模量较低，另外单个纤维纺织布在抗氧化、耐腐蚀，耐酸碱、拒油性防水等性能不全，因此，如何创造出耐腐蚀、耐高温、防油污、耐酸碱、抗拉力性强等性能全面的纺织布，用于过滤材料具有重要意义，本发明通过大量实验筛选，对单种纤维进行化学处理，提高其性能，优选采用纳米级的聚苯硫醚丝，在其表面经过聚氨酯溶液浸渍处理；并选择纳米级的玄武岩纤维丝，并对其表面经过有机硅树脂浸渍处理；并采用力学性能优的纳米级碳纤维丝和纳米芳纶纤维丝的表面经过聚四氟乙烯树脂浸渍处理；本发明通过大量实验选，先在单个纤维表面处理得到薄膜，这种处理方式可以最大程度的提高单个纤维的表面性能，相比现有技术先纺织得到织物再进行表面化学处理具有更加优越的理化性能，取得了非常好的技术效果。本发明通过以上4种经过化学溶剂处理的纤维采用机织等方式进行纺织得到耐高温、耐腐蚀、抗拉力、韧性好、抗氧化和耐酸碱的纺织布。
作为更加优选的方案，所述的纳米聚苯硫醚丝、纳米玄武岩纤维丝、纳米碳纤维丝和纳米芳纶纤维丝的体积比为1～3:2～6:3～9:1～4。采用以上体积比的4种纤维材料制得的纺织布，可以综合得到各种单个纤维的优异力学性能，并且同时综合有各纤维的化学性质的优点。
并且本发明通过大量实验筛选，在纺织布上下表面针刺有氟美斯针刺毡(氟美斯针刺毡以100％无碱玻璃纤维为原料，采用高支数玻璃纤维丝分丝成绒针刺而成，具有良好的耐热，阻燃，防腐效果、气体过滤阻力小、除尘效率超过机织滤料)，并在氟美斯针刺毡表面针刺弹性模量好的玻璃纤维水针毡，并且在玻璃纤维水针毡表面涂覆带微孔的薄膜，可以在保证优异的机械力学性能的同时，最大程度的提高过滤性能。
有益效果：本发明提供的过滤用的环保滤材和现有技术相比具有以下优点:
本发明提供的过滤用的环保滤材，通过大量实验筛选得到最佳的纤维材料，制备得到的环保滤材结构设计合理，过滤性能好，并且具有优异的阻燃、耐腐蚀、耐高温、防油污防水和抗拉力性强等综合性能，并且使用寿命长，可广泛应用于钢铁、水泥、石油化工、垃圾焚烧和电石厂等不同的行业，是一种新型的过滤材料，应用前景广泛。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐明本发明，应理解这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围，在阅读了本发明之后，本领域技术人员对本发明的各种等价形式的修改均落于本申请所附权利要求所限定的范围。
实施例1
1、一种过滤用的环保滤材，它包括由聚苯硫醚丝、玄武岩纤维丝、碳纤维丝和芳纶纤维丝混纺得到的纺织布，针刺在纺织布上、下表面的氟美斯针刺毡，针刺在氟美斯针刺毡表面的玻璃纤维水针毡，涂覆在玻璃纤维水针毡表面的带微孔的薄膜；粘结在带微孔薄膜表面的二氧化硅气凝胶，粘结在二氧化硅气凝胶表面的HEPA高效滤网；
所述的聚苯硫醚丝表面经过聚氨酯溶液浸渍处理；
所述的玄武岩纤维丝表面经过有机硅树脂浸渍处理；
所述的碳纤维丝和纳米芳纶纤维丝的表面经过聚四氟乙烯树脂浸渍处理；
所述的聚苯硫醚丝、玄武岩纤维丝、碳纤维丝和芳纶纤维丝的体积比为2:4:6:2；
所述的带微孔的薄膜为热塑性聚氨酯弹性体。
以上所述的过滤用的环保滤材，所述的纺织布的厚度为2～6毫米，每平方米的重量为800～1200克。
以上所述的过滤用的环保滤材，所述的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的微孔直径为2～10微米。
以上所述的过滤用的环保滤材，所述的HEPA高效滤网呈褶叠状。
以上所述的过滤用的环保滤材，其特征在于：所述的二氧化硅气凝胶为纳米级二氧化硅气凝胶。所述的二氧化硅气凝胶内填充有质量体积比1:10的纳米银抗菌剂。
以上所述的过滤用的环保滤材，所述的纺织布与氟美斯针刺毡之间设有压力传感器和温度传感器，压力传感器与报警器相连。
2、性能检测
取上述过滤用的环保滤材进行基本力学和化学性能检测，检测结果如下：
由以上检测结果表明，本发明提供的过滤用的环保滤材具有优异的过滤性能，并且具有优异的力学性能，是一种新型环保过滤材料，应用范围非常广泛。
实施例2
一种过滤用的环保滤材，它包括由纳米聚苯硫醚丝、纳米玄武岩纤维丝、纳米碳纤维丝和纳米芳纶纤维丝混纺得到的纺织布，针刺在纺织布上、下表面的氟美斯针刺毡，针刺在氟美斯针刺毡表面的玻璃纤维水针毡，涂覆在玻璃纤维水针毡表面的带微孔的薄膜；粘结在带微孔薄膜表面的二氧化硅气凝胶，粘结在二氧化硅气凝胶表面的HEPA高效滤网；
所述的纳米聚苯硫醚丝表面经过聚氨酯溶液浸渍处理；
所述的纳米玄武岩纤维丝表面经过有机硅树脂浸渍处理；
所述的纳米碳纤维丝和纳米芳纶纤维丝的表面经过聚四氟乙烯树脂浸渍处理；
所述的纳米聚苯硫醚丝、纳米玄武岩纤维丝、纳米碳纤维丝和纳米芳纶纤维丝的体积比为1:3:6:2；
所述的带微孔的薄膜为聚四氟乙烯薄膜。
以上所述的过滤用的环保滤材，所述的纺织布的厚度为2～6毫米，每平方米的重量为800～1200克。
以上所述的过滤用的环保滤材，所述的聚四氟乙烯薄膜的微孔直径为2～10微米。
以上所述的过滤用的环保滤材，所述的HEPA高效滤网呈褶叠状。
以上所述的过滤用的环保滤材，其特征在于：所述的二氧化硅气凝胶为纳米级二氧化硅气凝胶。所述的二氧化硅气凝胶内填充有质量体积比1:20的纳米银抗菌剂。
以上所述的过滤用的环保滤材，所述的纺织布与氟美斯针刺毡之间设有压力传感器和温度传感器，压力传感器与报警器相连。
2、性能检测
取上述过滤用的环保滤材进行基本力学和化学性能检测，检测结果如下：
由以上检测结果表明，本发明提供的过滤用的环保滤材具有优异的过滤性能，并且具有优异的力学性能，是一种新型环保过滤材料，应用范围非常广泛。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种过滤用的环保滤材，其特征在于：它包括由聚苯硫醚丝、玄武岩纤维丝、碳纤维丝和芳纶纤维丝混纺得到的纺织布，针刺在纺织布上下表面的氟美斯针刺毡，针刺在氟美斯针刺毡表面的玻璃纤维水针毡，涂覆在玻璃纤维水针毡表面的带微孔的薄膜；粘结在带微孔薄膜表面的二氧化硅气凝胶，粘结在二氧化硅气凝胶表面的HEPA过滤网；
所述的聚苯硫醚丝表面经过聚氨酯溶液浸渍处理；
所述的玄武岩纤维丝表面经过有机硅树脂浸渍处理；
所述的碳纤维丝和芳纶纤维丝的表面经过聚四氟乙烯树脂浸渍处理；
所述的聚苯硫醚丝、玄武岩纤维丝、碳纤维丝和芳纶纤维丝的体积比为1～3:2～6:3～9:1～4；
所述的带微孔的薄膜为热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、聚四氟乙烯薄膜或酚醛环氧树脂薄膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的过滤用的环保滤材，其特征在于：所述的聚苯硫醚丝为纳米聚苯硫醚丝、玄武岩纤维丝为纳米玄武岩纤维丝、碳纤维丝为纳米碳纤维丝和芳纶纤维丝为纳米芳纶纤维丝。
3.根据权利要求1所述的过滤用的环保滤材，其特征在于：所述的纺织布的厚度为2～6毫米，每平方米的重量为800～1200克。
4.根据权利要求1所述的过滤用的环保滤材，其特征在于：所述的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、聚四氟乙烯薄膜和酚醛环氧树脂薄膜的微孔直径为2～10微米。
5.根据权利要求1所述的过滤用的环保滤材，其特征在于：所述的HEPA高效过滤网呈褶叠状。
6.根据权利要求1所述的过滤用的环保滤材，其特征在于：所述的二氧化硅气凝胶为纳米级二氧化硅气凝胶。
7.根据权利要求1至6任一项所述的过滤用的环保滤材，其特征在于：所述的纺织布与氟美斯针刺毡之间设有压力传感器，压力传感器与报警器相连。
8.根据权利要求7所述的过滤用的环保滤材，其特征在于：所述的纺织布与氟美斯针刺毡之间设有温度传感器。
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