CN107186382B - High-manganese ultralow-temperature steel welding wire and welding process thereof - Google Patents
High-manganese ultralow-temperature steel welding wire and welding process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107186382B CN107186382B CN201710432013.XA CN201710432013A CN107186382B CN 107186382 B CN107186382 B CN 107186382B CN 201710432013 A CN201710432013 A CN 201710432013A CN 107186382 B CN107186382 B CN 107186382B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/3073—Fe as the principal constituent with Mn as next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-manganese ultralow-temperature steel welding wire which comprises, by mass, 0.2 ~.4% of C, 18.0 ~.0% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.15% of Si, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, less than or equal to 0.02% of P, 1.0 ~.0% of Ni, 2.0 ~.5% of Cr, 0.2 ~.5% of Cu, 0.01 ~.06% of N, and the balance of Fe and residual elements existing in ordinary steel making.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of low-temperature steel welding materials and welding processes, and particularly relates to a high-manganese ultralow-temperature steel welding wire and a welding process thereof.
Background
As a clean and efficient energy source, Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is increasingly regarded as an industrial development. The LNG ship is a special ship for transporting LNG, and since LNG is natural gas cooled to a liquid state of-163 ℃, the LNG ship must maintain it at-163 ℃ during transportation, and thus the working environment of the LNG ship requires excellent low temperature properties of materials for manufacturing the LNG ship. Since the 9% Ni steel has excellent toughness and high strength at very low temperatures, and has the characteristics of low coefficient of thermal expansion, good economy, and a minimum use temperature of-196 ℃ as compared with austenitic stainless steel and aluminum alloy, the 9% Ni steel can be safely used without post-weld stress relief heat treatment as proved by research in 1960, and becomes one of the main materials for manufacturing large LNG storage tanks.
Nowadays, 9% Ni steel is widely applied to cryogenic equipment, 9% Ni steel and matched welding materials thereof are developed relatively mature, but because the usage amount of expensive alloy elements such as Ni is high (the Ni content of 9% Ni steel is about 9%, the Ni content of welding materials is higher than 50%), the cost of steel plates and welding materials is difficult to reduce, therefore, novel ultralow temperature materials are actively developed in many countries, the development of high-manganese ultralow temperature steel is widely concerned in recent years as one of powerful competitors of 9% Ni steel, the Mn element content of the ultralow temperature steel is 20 ~ 28%, and the Ni element is not used as an essential alloy element (yellow dimension, Zhang Shi, high-fidelity phoenix. the steel for petroleum and LNG storage tanks and the recent research progress. Shanghai metal, 2016, 38(2): 74-78).
The Chinese invention with application publication No. CN103978322A discloses a high-efficiency nickel-based welding rod specially used for welding the ultralow-temperature steel of an LNG ship, which comprises a core wire and a coating wrapped on the surface of the core wire, wherein the core wire is a nickel alloy core wire, the chemical components and the weight percentage of the core wire are that C is less than or equal to 0.03%, S is less than or equal to 0.01%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, Mn is 0.5 ~ 1.5.5%, Mo is 4 ~ 9%, Nb is 1.5 ~ 2.5.5%, Si is less than or equal to 0.25%, Fe is less than or equal to 1.0%, Cr is 12 ~ 18%, and the balance is Ni, the total amount of all the components is 100%.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing ultralow temperature steel welding material is high in cost, and provides a welding wire suitable for high-manganese ultralow temperature steel and a welding process thereof aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The invention solves the technical problems in the technical scheme that the high-manganese ultralow-temperature steel welding wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass of 0.2 ~ 0.4.4% of C, 18.0 ~ 27.0.0% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.15% of Si, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, less than or equal to 0.02% of P, 1.0 ~ 3.0.0% of Ni, 2.0 ~ 4.5.5% of Cr, 0.2 ~ 0.5.5% of Cu, 0.01 ~ 0.06.06% of N and the balance of Fe and residual elements existing in common steelmaking.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the ultralow temperature steel welding wire is designed by adopting the alloy with high Mn content, and the Ni content is greatly reduced, so that the cost and the expense are obviously reduced, and the application prospect is good.
The main functions of the chemical components in the invention are as follows:
c can generate solid solution strengthening, improve the stability of austenite, inhibit the formation of epsilon-martensite and improve the low-temperature toughness, but the excessively high content of C obviously increases the stacking fault energy, inhibits the formation of twin crystals and impairs the plasticity, so the content of C is controlled to be 0.2 ~ 0.4.4 percent;
mn can generate solid solution strengthening and can also stabilize austenite, has similar action with Ni, and needs to be added with a large amount of Mn in order to obtain enough stable austenite and inhibit the formation of epsilon-martensite, but Mn content is easy to generate brittle fracture along the crystal and reduce low-temperature toughness, so that the Mn content is controlled to be 18.0-27.0%;
si is subjected to segregation at the grain boundary to weaken the grain boundary and reduce the plasticity and the low-temperature toughness, so that the content of Si is controlled to be 0.15% or less;
s can form MnS, S and P are also subjected to segregation at the grain boundary, so that the grain boundary is weakened, the low-temperature edge brittleness is increased, and the minimum limit is required to be controlled;
ni can generate solid solution strengthening, improve the stability of austenite and obviously improve the low-temperature toughness, but the Ni is expensive, and the cost is overhigh due to the large addition of Ni, so the content of Ni is controlled to be 1.0-3.0%;
cr can generate solid solution strengthening and can strengthen austenite grain boundaries, but the formability is reduced when the content is too high, so that the Cr content is controlled to be 2.0-4.5%;
cu can stabilize austenite phase and can also generate solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening, but the hot brittleness is increased and the processing is not facilitated due to the excessively high content, so the content of Cu is controlled to be 0.2-0.5%;
n can produce solid solution strengthening, segregation at grain boundaries can significantly strengthen the grain boundaries and inhibit low-temperature grain-boundary brittleness, but too high a content easily forms a large amount of nitrides to impair plasticity, so the N content is controlled to 0.01 to 0.06%.
The invention also aims to provide a welding process of the high-manganese ultralow-temperature steel welding wire, so that weld metal can obtain good comprehensive performance.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is that the welding process of the high-manganese ultralow-temperature steel welding wire adopts argon tungsten-arc welding, the groove type is V-shaped, the heat input is 4 ~ 21KJ, and the protective gas adopts high-purity argon.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the welding process does not need pre-welding preheating and post-welding heat treatment, the process is simple and easy to implement, and the formed weld metal has good matching of strength, plasticity and toughness, namely excellent comprehensive performance, and particularly has good toughness in an ultralow temperature environment of-196 ℃.
Detailed Description
Description of the drawings: FIG. 1 is a metallographic structure diagram of weld metal in example 1.
Example 1
A high-manganese ultralow-temperature steel welding wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.33% of C, 24.4% of Mn, 0.05% of Si, 0.002% of S, 0.013% of P, 1.6% of Ni, 3.1% of Cr, 0.2% of Cu, 0.035% of N, and the balance of Fe and residual elements normally present in steel making.
The welding wire is used for welding high-manganese ultralow-temperature steel, argon tungsten-arc welding is adopted, the groove type is V-shaped, the heat input is 4KJ, and the protective gas is high-purity argon.
The metallographic structure of the weld metal is shown in the attached figure 1, and the microstructure type is austenite. Measuring the specified nonproportional elongation strength R of the weld metalp0.2=551MPa, tensile strength Rm=813MPa, elongation a =44%, impact absorption energy KV of impact test at-196 ℃2=50J。
Example 2
A high-manganese ultralow-temperature steel welding wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.2% of C, 27.0% of Mn, 0.15% of Si, 0.001% of S, 0.02% of P, 1.0% of Ni, 4.5% of Cr, 0.33% of Cu, 0.06% of N, and the balance of Fe and residual elements normally present in steel making.
The welding wire is used for welding high-manganese ultralow-temperature steel, argon tungsten-arc welding is adopted, the groove type is V-shaped, the heat input is 15KJ, and the protective gas is high-purity argon.
The microstructure type of the weld metal is austenite, and the nonproportional elongation strength R is specifiedp0.2=420MPa, tensile strength Rm=680MPa, elongation A =51%, impact absorption energy KV in impact test at-196 DEG C2=92J。
Example 3
A high-manganese ultralow-temperature steel welding wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.4% of C, 18.0% of Mn, 0.07% of Si, 0.001% of S, 0.007% of P, 3.0% of Ni, 2.0% of Cr, 0.5% of Cu, 0.01% of N, and the balance of Fe and residual elements normally present in steel making.
The welding wire is used for welding high-manganese ultralow-temperature steel, argon tungsten-arc welding is adopted, the groove type is V-shaped, the heat input is 21KJ, and the protective gas is high-purity argon.
The microstructure type of the weld metal is austenite, and the nonproportional elongation strength R is specifiedp0.2=486MPa, tensile strength Rm=741MPa, elongation A =40%, impact absorption energy KV in impact test at-196 DEG C2=64J。
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The high-manganese ultralow-temperature steel welding wire comprises, by mass, 0.2 ~ 0.4.4% of C, 18.0 ~ 27.0.0% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.15% of Si, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, less than or equal to 0.02% of P, 1.0 ~ 3.0.0% of Ni, 2.0 ~ 4.5.5% of Cr, 0.2 ~ 0.5.5% of Cu, 0.01 ~ 0.06.06% of N, and the balance of Fe and residual elements normally existing in steel making.
2. A welding process applied to the high-manganese ultralow-temperature steel welding wire disclosed by claim 1 is characterized in that argon tungsten-arc welding is adopted, the groove type is V-shaped, the heat input is 4 ~ 21KJ, and high-purity argon is adopted as protective gas.
3. The welding process of the high-manganese ultralow-temperature steel welding wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: the microstructure type of the weld metal formed by the welding wire is austenite.
4. The welding process of the high-manganese ultralow-temperature steel welding wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: a specified non-proportional elongation strength R of a weld metal formed by the welding wirep0.2Not less than 420MPa, tensile strength RmNot less than 680MPa, elongation A not less than 40%, impact absorption energy KV in-196 ℃ impact test2≥50J。
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| CN107186382B true CN107186382B (en) | 2019-12-31 |
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