CN107186261B - High-speed flat cutter head with small structure - Google Patents

High-speed flat cutter head with small structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107186261B
CN107186261B CN201710457081.1A CN201710457081A CN107186261B CN 107186261 B CN107186261 B CN 107186261B CN 201710457081 A CN201710457081 A CN 201710457081A CN 107186261 B CN107186261 B CN 107186261B
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China
Prior art keywords
ring
rear end
cutter
hole
milling head
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CN201710457081.1A
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CN107186261A (en
Inventor
赵岩
盛孝勇
黄文东
陈宗
张向良
刘杰
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Ningbo Haitian Precision Machinery Co Ltd
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Ningbo Haitian Precision Machinery Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C9/00—Details or accessories so far as specially adapted to milling machines or cutter
    • B23C9/005—Details or accessories so far as specially adapted to milling machines or cutter milling heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/157—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/02—Driving main working members
    • B23Q5/04—Driving main working members rotary shafts, e.g. working-spindles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

Abstract

The invention discloses a compact high-speed flat milling head which comprises a box body, a taper shank, a flat milling head main shaft and a transmission mechanism arranged between the taper shank and the flat milling head main shaft, wherein the box body comprises an upper box body and a lower box body which are arranged up and down, a plurality of pull head oil cylinder pull nails are fixed at the top of the upper box body, the upper box body is connected with a ram oil receiving disc through the plurality of pull head oil cylinder pull nails, the upper end of the taper shank is in threaded connection with the main shaft pull nails, the transmission mechanism comprises a transmission ring, a transmission shaft, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear and a straight gear which are sequentially arranged in the upper box body and the lower box body and are sequentially connected, the flat milling head main shaft is a gear shaft which is horizontally arranged, the flat milling head main shaft is arranged at the bottom of the lower box body and meshed with the straight gear, and a cutter beating mechanism is arranged on the flat milling head main shaft. The actual output torque of the flat milling head is 100 NM-200 NM, the structure is small and exquisite, the rotating speed is high, the high-speed processing at 4000 rpm can be realized, and the flat milling head is particularly suitable for processing the inner wall of a deep cavity of a light-weight cylindrical part.

Description

High-speed flat cutter head with small structure
Technical Field
The invention relates to a flat milling head, in particular to a high-speed flat milling head with a small structure.
Background
The flat milling head is one of accessory heads of a numerical control machine tool, is suitable for completing workpiece processing tasks in a narrow space, and is suitable for processing in the narrow space, and the appearance size of the flat milling head is required to be narrow. The flat milling head has the characteristics of small volume and large height, is mainly used for machining the side wall of the deep cavity of a workpiece, and has lower rotating speed. For the inner wall processing of cylindrical parts (such as the inner wall processing of missile shell parts) made of some aluminum alloy materials, the requirements on the finish of the processing surface are high because of small openings of the parts, and the requirements on the processing of the external dimensions and the rotating speed of the parts cannot be met by a common flat milling head. In addition, the existing flat milling head is large in size in the height direction, the structure is not compact enough, and the multi-stage spur gear is adopted to transmit the power of the main shaft of the machine tool, so that the rotating speed of the flat milling head is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the high-speed flat milling head with a small structure is provided.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a small and exquisite high-speed flat cutter head of structure, includes box, taper shank, flat cutter head main shaft and sets up the drive mechanism between taper shank and flat cutter head main shaft, the box include the last box and the lower box that set up from top to bottom, the top of last box be fixed with a plurality of pull head cylinder blind bolts, a plurality of pull head cylinder blind bolts respectively with install a plurality of pull head hydro-cylinder looks adaptations on the ram connects the food tray, the ram connect the food tray to install in the bottom of lathe ram, the last box pass through a plurality of pull head hydro-cylinder blind bolts with the ram connects the food tray to link to each other, the upper end threaded connection of taper shank have the main shaft blind bolt, the main shaft blind bolt be used for connecting the lathe main shaft blind bolt of installing on the lathe main shaft, drive mechanism including set gradually from top to bottom the last box with the lower box in the transmission ring, first bevel gear, second bevel gear and straight bevel gear, the transmission ring fixed on the transmission ring the top of the transmission ring be in the transmission ring the straight bevel gear the end down the straight bevel gear the end of the straight bevel gear sets up down the bevel gear the end down the bevel gear, the straight bevel gear is connected with the straight bevel gear, the down bevel gear and the end down the bevel gear, the straight bevel gear, the bevel gear and the down.
When the high-speed flat milling head works, the main shaft pull claw of the machine tool grasps the main shaft pull nail, the pull nails of the plurality of pull head oil cylinders on the upper box body are grasped by the plurality of pull head oil cylinders on the ram oil receiving disc, at the moment, the flat milling head is grasped by the machine tool, the power of the machine tool is transmitted to the driving ring through the main shaft of the machine tool, the driving ring transmits the power to the transmission shaft, the power is transmitted to the first bevel gear through the rectangular spline, the power is transmitted to the second bevel gear and the straight gear, and finally the power is transmitted to the main shaft of the flat milling head through the straight gear, so that the processing function of the main shaft of the flat milling head is realized.
Different from the traditional multi-stage spur gear transmission mechanism, the high-speed flat milling head adopts the design of the transmission shaft, the power of the main shaft of the machine tool is transmitted through the transmission shaft, the bottom of the transmission shaft is provided with a pair of bevel gears to change the power transmission direction, and meanwhile, the lower part of the bevel gears is additionally provided with a one-stage spur gear transmission, so that the problem that the width size of the main shaft of the flat milling head is increased because the bevel gears are directly sleeved on the main shaft of the flat milling head is avoided, and the design requirements of smaller structure and higher rotating speed of the flat milling head are met.
The high-speed flat milling head has the actual output torque of 100 NM-200 NM, small structure and high rotating speed, can realize high-speed processing at 4000 rpm, and is particularly suitable for processing the inner wall of a deep cavity of a light-weight cylindrical part.
The cutter beating mechanism comprises a first cutter beating component and a second cutter beating component, the first cutter beating component is arranged on the flat milling head main shaft, and the second cutter beating component is externally arranged on one side of a machine tool upright post; the first cutter assembly comprises a cutter claw, a cutter holder, a cutter piston, a first rectangular spring and a first rear end cover, wherein the cutter claw, the cutter holder, the cutter piston, the first rectangular spring and the first rear end cover are arranged in an inner cavity of the flat cutter head main shaft, the cutter claw and a taper hole of the flat cutter head main shaft are coaxially arranged, the front end of the cutter holder is in threaded connection with the rear end of the cutter claw, the cutter piston is sleeved on the outer side of the cutter claw and is fixed at the rear end of the cutter holder, the first rectangular spring is tightly pressed on the front side of the cutter piston, the first rear end cover is sleeved on the rear end of the cutter piston, the first rear end cover is fixed on the lower box body, a transverse through hole is formed in the first rear end cover, the rear end of the cutter holder is positioned in the transverse through hole, and a first buckling part is arranged at the rear end of the first rear end cover; the second knife beating assembly comprises a cylindrical fixing seat, a second rectangular spring, a knife beating piston, a knife beating block and a second rear end cover, wherein the fixing seat is fixedly connected to one side of a machine tool upright post, the front end of the fixing seat is provided with a second buckling part used for being connected with the first buckling part, the knife beating piston is arranged in the fixing seat, the knife beating block transversely penetrates through the fixing seat, the knife beating piston is sleeved on the knife beating block, the rear end of the knife beating block is fixed on the knife beating piston, the second rectangular spring is tightly pressed and arranged on the front side of the knife beating piston, the second rectangular spring is arranged on a spring seat, the spring seat is fixed on the inner side of the fixing seat, the second rear end cover is fixed at the rear end of the fixing seat, and the knife beating piston, the fixing seat and the second rear end cover enclose an oil cavity to form a knife beating, and the fixing seat is provided with an oil duct communicated with the oil cavity. The design of dividing the cutter beating mechanism into the first cutter beating component and the second cutter beating component which are arranged outside can further reduce the occupied space of the flat cutter head, so that the whole structure is smaller and more exquisite, and the functions of automatic cutter loosening and automatic cutter pulling of the flat cutter head are realized. When the flat milling head needs to be changed, the machine tool moves to the second milling head assembly, the first buckling part on the first rear end cover is buckled with the second buckling part on the fixing seat, the milling block is in butt joint with the milling seat, at the moment, the milling oil cavity is filled with oil, the milling piston and the milling block are pushed to move forward, the milling block pushes the milling seat and the broach claw forward, and the milling function of the flat milling head is realized. When the oil in the cutter beating oil cavity returns, the cutter beating piston is reset under the thrust action of the second rectangular spring, the cutter beating block is separated from the cutter beating seat, and the first rectangular spring pushes the cutter pulling piston to drive the cutter beating seat to move backwards, so that the cutter pulling claw is driven to realize the automatic cutter grabbing function.
The broach claw in set up first central through-hole, open in the blade holder with the communicating second central through-hole of first central through-hole, the sword piece of beating in set up the third central through-hole, the second rear end cover on set up with the communicating air flue of third central through-hole, first rear end cover with the fixing base dock after, the second central through-hole with third central through-hole position relative. And when the flat milling head performs tool forging, compressed air of about 0.8 MPA is blown in through the air passage, the third central through hole, the second central through hole and the first central through hole, so that the central blowing function in the tool changing process is realized.
The outer side wall of the rear end of the broach piston is provided with a concave ring surface and a convex ring surface, the concave ring surface is positioned at the front side of the convex ring surface, a first gap is formed between the concave ring surface and the inner side surface of the first rear end cover, a second gap is formed between the convex ring surface and the inner side surface of the first rear end cover, the first gap is communicated with the second gap, the width of the first gap is smaller than that of the second gap, a gram ring is arranged on the inner side wall of the first rear end cover, the gram ring is positioned at the rear side of the convex ring surface when the first rectangular spring is reset, the inner ring surface of the gram ring is higher than the inner side surface of the first rear end cover and is positioned in the transverse through hole, and the inner ring surface of the gram ring is flush with the convex ring surface. When the main shaft of the flat milling head rotates, the gram ring is not contacted with the concave ring surface; when the flat milling head punches a cutter, the cutter pulling piston moves forwards, and the gram ring contacts with the convex ring surface, so that the cutter punching and sealing effects are achieved.
The upper end and the lower end of the transmission shaft are respectively arranged on a first deep groove ball bearing and a second deep groove ball bearing, the first deep groove ball bearing is pressed by a first pressing ring, the second deep groove ball bearing is pressed by a second pressing ring, and the first pressing ring and the second pressing ring are respectively fixed on the upper box body; the first bevel gear is arranged on a first angular contact bearing, the inner ring and the outer ring of the first angular contact bearing are respectively pressed by a third pressing ring and a fourth pressing ring which are fixed on the lower box body, and a first adjusting pad is arranged between the lower end of the first angular contact bearing and the lower box body; the two ends of the intermediate shaft are respectively arranged on a second angular contact bearing and a third angular contact bearing, the inner ring and the outer ring of the second angular contact bearing are respectively pressed by a fifth pressing ring and a sixth pressing ring which are fixed on the lower box body, and the inner ring and the outer ring of the third angular contact bearing are respectively pressed by a seventh pressing ring and an eighth pressing ring which are fixed on the lower box body; the two ends of the flat milling head spindle are respectively arranged on a fourth angle contact bearing and a fifth angle contact bearing, the inner ring and the outer ring of the fourth angle contact bearing are respectively pressed by a ninth pressing ring and a tenth pressing ring, a labyrinth cavity is formed between the ninth pressing ring and the tenth pressing ring, a front protective cover is fixed on the outer side of the ninth pressing ring and the outer side of the tenth pressing ring, two ends of the fifth angle contact bearing are respectively clamped by a second adjusting pad and a second rear end cover, and a rear protective cover is arranged on the second rear end cover. In the flat milling head knife forging process, on the basis of knife forging sealing of the gram ring, the design of the front protective cover, the rear protective cover and the labyrinth cavity can play a role in further preventing water and scraps for the main shaft of the flat milling head. The first adjusting pad is convenient for realizing the fine adjustment of the height position of the first bevel gear, and the second adjusting pad is convenient for realizing the fine adjustment of the front and back positions of the main shaft of the flat milling head.
The first buckling part comprises a concave cavity and a convex ring which are arranged on the peripheral wall of the first rear end cover, the convex ring is positioned at the rear side of the concave cavity, a T-shaped radial through hole which is arranged along the radial direction of the fixing seat and is in a horizontal T shape is arranged on the second buckling part, the T-shaped radial through hole is matched with the concave cavity and the convex ring, and when the first rear end cover is in butt joint with the fixing seat, the first rear end cover moves along the T-shaped radial through hole radially relative to the fixing seat until the convex ring enters the T-shaped radial through hole, so that the butt joint of the first rear end cover and the fixing seat is completed.
The lower end of the driving ring is provided with a key groove with an opening at the lower end, the upper end of the driving shaft is integrally provided with a key block matched with the key groove, and the key block is inserted into the key groove.
The lower extreme of transmission ring seted up first pinhole and first spring hole, first pinhole first spring hole with the keyway set up and switch on with one another concentrically from top to bottom in proper order, the key piece on set up second spring hole and second pinhole, second spring hole with the second pinhole set up and switch on with one another concentrically from top to bottom, first pinhole with the second pinhole concentric and the aperture is the same, first pinhole with second pinhole interpolation be equipped with the cylindric lock, the outside cover of cylindric lock be equipped with the spring, upper portion and the lower part of spring be located respectively first spring hole with the second spring hole in. The arrangement of the cylindrical pin can ensure concentricity of the drive ring and the drive shaft; the spring can make the transmission ring float upwards, so that the spindle of the machine tool can conveniently grasp the spindle blind rivet.
And the taper hole of the main shaft of the flat milling head is matched with the BT40 cutter handle. The flat milling head main shaft adopts the output mode of the BT40 cutter handle, so that the outline dimension of the flat milling head main shaft can be further reduced, and the structure is smaller.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the high-speed flat milling head with the compact structure adopts the design of the transmission shaft, the power of the main shaft of the machine tool is transmitted through the transmission shaft, the bottom of the transmission shaft is provided with a pair of bevel gears to change the power transmission direction, and meanwhile, the lower part of the bevel gears is additionally provided with a first-stage straight gear transmission, so that the problem that the width size of the main shaft of the flat milling head is increased because the bevel gears are directly sleeved on the main shaft of the flat milling head is avoided, and the design requirements of smaller structure and higher rotating speed of the flat milling head are met. The high-speed flat milling head has the actual output torque of 100 NM-200 NM, small structure and high rotating speed, can realize high-speed processing at 4000 rpm, and is particularly suitable for processing the inner wall of a deep cavity of a light-weight cylindrical part.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the structural connection of a compact high-speed flat milling head with a machine tool spindle in an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 at A;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 at B;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 at C;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of FIG. 4 at D;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural connection diagram of the first and second knife assemblies after the first rear end cover is abutted with the fixing base in the embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments of the drawings.
The embodiment of the small-sized high-speed flat milling head comprises a box body, a taper shank 13, a flat milling head spindle 3 and a transmission mechanism arranged between the taper shank 13 and the flat milling head spindle 3, wherein the box body comprises an upper box body 11 and a lower box body 12 which are arranged up and down, four pull head cylinder nails (not shown in the figure) are fixed at the top of the upper box body 11, the four pull head cylinder nails are respectively matched with four pull head cylinders (not shown in the figure) arranged on a ram oil pan 42, the ram oil pan 42 is arranged at the bottom of a machine tool ram 41, the upper box body 11 is connected with the ram oil pan 42 through the four pull head cylinder nails, the upper end of the taper shank 13 is in threaded connection with a spindle nail 14, the spindle nail 14 is used for connecting a machine tool spindle nail 44 arranged on the machine tool spindle 43, the transmission mechanism comprises a transmission ring 21, a transmission shaft 22, a first bevel gear 23, a second bevel gear 24 and a bevel gear 25 which are respectively arranged in the upper box body 11 and the lower box body 12, the upper end of the transmission ring 21 is provided with a key block 21, the lower end of the transmission ring 21 is arranged at the upper end of the upper box body 11 is in a threaded connection with the key block 211, and the transmission ring 211 is arranged at the end of the key groove 21 is arranged at the end of the lower end of the transmission ring 21 in the transmission ring 21, and the transmission ring 21 is arranged at the end of the key 21, and the end 211 is arranged at the end of the key block 21, and is connected with the key groove 21, and is connected with the key head ring 21; the lower extreme of driving ring 21 has seted up first pinhole 212 and first spring hole 213, first pinhole 212, first spring hole 213 and keyway 211 are concentric from top to bottom in proper order and are put through, set up second spring hole 222 and second pinhole 223 on the keypiece 221, second spring hole 222 and second pinhole 223 are concentric from top to bottom and are put through, first pinhole 212 and second pinhole 223 are concentric and the aperture is the same, first pinhole 212 and second pinhole 223 interpolation are equipped with cylindric lock 26, the outside cover of cylindric lock 26 is equipped with spring 27, upper portion and the lower part of spring 27 are located first spring hole 213 and second spring hole 222 respectively, first bevel gear 23 is connected in the lower extreme of transmission shaft 22 through rectangular spline, the inner wall of second bevel gear 24 is connected with a jackshaft 28 that sets up decumbently through the plain key, second bevel gear 24 meshes with first bevel gear 23, the outer wall of second bevel gear 24 is connected with straight gear 25 through the plain key, flat milling head main shaft 3 is the gear shaft that sets up decumbently, flat milling head main shaft 3 sets up in the bottom of lower box 12, flat gear main shaft 3 sets up on flat milling head 3 and flat cutter mechanism is provided with flat cutter mechanism.
In this embodiment, the tool setting mechanism includes a first tool setting component and a second tool setting component, the first tool setting component is disposed on the flat milling head spindle 3, and the second tool setting component is externally mounted on one side of a machine tool upright (not shown in the figure); the first cutter assembly comprises a cutter claw 51, a cutter seat 52, a cutter piston 53, a first rectangular spring 54 and a first rear end cover 55 which are arranged in the inner cavity of the flat cutter head spindle 3, the cutter claw 51 and a taper hole 31 of the flat cutter head spindle 3 are coaxially arranged, the taper hole 31 of the flat cutter head spindle 3 is matched with a BT40 cutter handle (not shown in the figure), the front end of the cutter seat 52 is in threaded connection with the rear end of the cutter claw 51, the cutter piston 53 is sleeved outside the cutter claw 51 and is fixed at the rear end of the cutter seat 52, the first rectangular spring 54 is tightly pressed and arranged at the front side of the cutter piston 53, the first rear end cover 55 is sleeved at the rear end of the cutter piston 53, the first rear end cover 55 is fixed on the lower box body 12, a transverse through hole 553 is arranged in the first rear end cover 55, the rear end of the cutter seat 52 is positioned in the transverse through hole 553, and the rear end of the first rear end cover 55 is provided with a first buckling part; the second knife assembly comprises a cylindrical fixing seat 61, a second rectangular spring 62, a knife piston 63, a knife block 64 and a second rear end cover 65, the fixing seat 61 is fixedly connected to one side of a machine tool upright, a second buckling part for connecting a first buckling part is arranged at the front end of the fixing seat 61, the knife piston 63 is arranged in the fixing seat 61, the knife block 64 transversely penetrates through the fixing seat 61, the knife piston 63 is sleeved on the knife block 64, the rear end of the knife block 64 is fixed on the knife piston 63, the second rectangular spring 62 is tightly pressed and arranged on the front side of the knife piston 63, the second rectangular spring 62 is arranged on a spring seat 66, the spring seat 66 is fixed on the inner side of the fixing seat 61, the second rear end cover 65 is fixed at the rear end of the fixing seat 61, the knife piston 63, the fixing seat 61 and the second rear end cover 65 enclose a knife oil cavity 67, and an oil duct 68 communicated with the knife oil cavity 67 is formed in the fixing seat 61; the outer side wall of the rear end of the broach piston 53 is provided with a concave ring surface 531 and a convex ring surface 532, the concave ring surface 531 is positioned at the front side of the convex ring surface 532, a first gap 533 is formed between the concave ring surface 531 and the inner side surface of the first rear end cover 55, a second gap 534 is formed between the convex ring surface 532 and the inner side surface of the first rear end cover 55, the first gap 533 is communicated with the second gap 534, the width of the first gap 533 is smaller than that of the second gap 534, a gram ring 56 is arranged on the inner side wall of the first rear end cover 55, the first rectangular spring 54 is reset Shi Gelan, the ring 56 is positioned at the rear side of the convex ring surface 532, the inner ring surface of the gram ring 56 is higher than the inner side surface of the first rear end cover 55 and positioned in the transverse through hole 553, and the inner ring surface of the gram ring 56 is flush with the convex ring surface 532; the broach claw 51 is internally provided with a first central through hole 511, the broach base 52 is internally provided with a second central through hole 521 communicated with the first central through hole 511, the broach block 64 is internally provided with a third central through hole 641, the second rear end cover 65 is provided with an air flue 651 communicated with the third central through hole 641, and after the first rear end cover 55 is butted with the fixing seat 61, the second central through hole 521 is opposite to the third central through hole 641.
In this embodiment, the upper end and the lower end of the transmission shaft 22 are respectively mounted on a first deep groove ball bearing 224 and a second deep groove ball bearing 225, the first deep groove ball bearing 224 is pressed by a first pressing ring 226, the second deep groove ball bearing 225 is pressed by a second pressing ring 227, and the first pressing ring 226 and the second pressing ring 227 are respectively fixed on the upper case 11; the first bevel gear 23 is mounted on a first angular contact bearing 231, the inner ring and the outer ring of the first angular contact bearing 231 are respectively pressed by a third pressing ring 232 and a fourth pressing ring 233 which are fixed on the lower box body 12, and a first adjusting pad 234 is mounted between the lower end of the first angular contact bearing 231 and the lower box body 12; the two ends of the intermediate shaft 28 are respectively arranged on a second angular contact bearing 281 and a third angular contact bearing 282, the inner ring and the outer ring of the second angular contact bearing 281 are respectively pressed by a fifth pressing ring 283 and a sixth pressing ring 284 which are fixed on the lower box body 12, and the inner ring and the outer ring of the third angular contact bearing 282 are respectively pressed by a seventh pressing ring 285 and an eighth pressing ring 286 which are fixed on the lower box body 12; two ends of the flat milling head spindle 3 are respectively arranged on a fourth angle contact bearing 32 and a fifth angle contact bearing 33, an inner ring and an outer ring of the fourth angle contact bearing 32 are respectively pressed by a ninth pressing ring 34 and a tenth pressing ring 35, a labyrinth cavity 36 is formed between the ninth pressing ring 34 and the tenth pressing ring 35, a front protection cover 37 is fixed on the outer sides of the ninth pressing ring 34 and the tenth pressing ring 35, two ends of the fifth angle contact bearing 33 are respectively clamped by a second adjusting pad 38 and a second rear end cover 65, and a rear protection cover 39 is arranged on the second rear end cover 65.
In this embodiment, the first fastening portion includes a concave cavity 551 and a convex ring 552 disposed on the peripheral wall of the first rear end cap 55, the convex ring 552 is located at the rear side of the concave cavity 551, a T-shaped radial through hole 611 with a horizontal longitudinal section is formed in the second fastening portion along the radial direction of the fixing seat 61, the T-shaped radial through hole 611 is adapted to the concave cavity 551 and the convex ring 552, and when the first rear end cap 55 is in butt joint with the fixing seat 61, the first rear end cap 55 moves radially relative to the fixing seat 61 along the T-shaped radial through hole 611 until the convex ring 552 enters the T-shaped radial through hole 611, that is, the butt joint of the first rear end cap 55 and the fixing seat 61 is completed.
When the high-speed flat milling head works, the main shaft pull claw 44 of the machine tool grasps the main shaft pull nail 14, the four pull head oil cylinder pull nails on the upper box 11 are grasped by the four pull head oil cylinders on the ram oil receiving disc 42, at the moment, the flat milling head is grasped by the machine tool, the power of the machine tool is transmitted to the transmission ring 21 through the main shaft 43 of the machine tool, the transmission ring 21 transmits the power to the transmission shaft 22, then the power is transmitted to the first bevel gear 23 through the rectangular spline, and then transmitted to the second bevel gear 24 and the spur gear 25, and finally transmitted to the main shaft 3 of the flat milling head through the spur gear 25, so that the processing function of the main shaft 3 of the flat milling head is realized. When the flat milling head needs to be changed, the machine tool moves to a second milling component with the flat milling head, a first buckling part on the first rear end cover 55 is buckled with a second buckling part on the fixed seat 61, the milling block 64 is in butt joint with the milling seat 52, at the moment, a milling oil cavity 67 is filled with oil, a milling piston 63 and the milling block 64 are pushed to move forward, and the milling block 64 pushes the milling seat 52 and the broach claw 51 forward, so that the milling function of the flat milling head is realized; when the oil in the tool-setting oil cavity 67 is fed, compressed air of about 0.8 MPA is blown in through the air channel 651, the third central through hole 641, the second central through hole 521 and the first central through hole 511, so that the central blowing function in the tool changing process is realized; when the cutter oil cavity 67 returns oil, the cutter piston 63 resets under the thrust of the second rectangular spring 62, the cutter block 64 is separated from the cutter seat 52, the first rectangular spring 54 pushes the cutter piston 53 to drive the cutter seat 52 to move backwards, and accordingly the cutter claw 51 is driven to realize the automatic cutter grabbing function.
The actual output torque of the high-speed flat milling head is 100 NM-200 NM, the structure is small and exquisite, the rotating speed is high, can realize high-speed processing at 4000 rpm, and is particularly suitable for processing the inner wall of a deep cavity of a light-weight cylindrical part.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a small and exquisite high-speed flat cutter head of structure, includes box, taper shank, flat cutter head main shaft and sets up the drive mechanism between taper shank and flat cutter head main shaft, the box include upper box and lower box that sets up from top to bottom, the top of upper box be fixed with a plurality of pull head cylinder blind bolts, a plurality of pull head cylinder blind bolts respectively with install a plurality of pull head hydro-cylinders looks adaptation on the ram oil pan, the ram oil pan install in the bottom of lathe ram, the upper box pass through a plurality of pull head hydro-cylinder blind bolts with the ram oil pan link to each other, the upper end threaded connection of taper shank have the main shaft blind bolt, the main shaft blind bolt be used for connecting the lathe main shaft blind bolt of installing on the lathe main shaft, characterized in that drive mechanism include upper box and lower box in proper order set up and transmission ring, transmission shaft, first bevel gear, second bevel gear and straight gear, the transmission ring is fixed on the upper part of the upper box body, the lower end of the taper shank is in threaded connection with the upper end of the transmission ring, the lower end of the transmission ring is connected with the upper end of the transmission shaft, the first bevel gear is connected with the lower end of the transmission shaft through rectangular splines, the inner wall of the second bevel gear is connected with a horizontally arranged intermediate shaft through a flat key, the second bevel gear is meshed with the first bevel gear, the outer wall of the second bevel gear is connected with the spur gear through a flat key, the flat milling head main shaft is a horizontally arranged gear shaft, the flat milling head main shaft is arranged at the bottom of the lower box body and is meshed with the spur gear, the flat milling head main shaft is provided with a knife striking mechanism;
the cutter beating mechanism comprises a first cutter beating component and a second cutter beating component, the first cutter beating component is arranged on the flat milling head main shaft, and the second cutter beating component is externally arranged on one side of a machine tool upright post; the first cutter assembly comprises a cutter claw, a cutter holder, a cutter piston, a first rectangular spring and a first rear end cover, wherein the cutter claw, the cutter holder, the cutter piston, the first rectangular spring and the first rear end cover are arranged in an inner cavity of the flat cutter head main shaft, the cutter claw and a taper hole of the flat cutter head main shaft are coaxially arranged, the front end of the cutter holder is in threaded connection with the rear end of the cutter claw, the cutter piston is sleeved on the outer side of the cutter claw and is fixed at the rear end of the cutter holder, the first rectangular spring is tightly pressed on the front side of the cutter piston, the first rear end cover is sleeved on the rear end of the cutter piston, the first rear end cover is fixed on the lower box body, a transverse through hole is formed in the first rear end cover, the rear end of the cutter holder is positioned in the transverse through hole, and a first buckling part is arranged at the rear end of the first rear end cover; the second knife beating assembly comprises a cylindrical fixing seat, a second rectangular spring, a knife beating piston, a knife beating block and a second rear end cover, wherein the fixing seat is fixedly connected to one side of a machine tool upright post, the front end of the fixing seat is provided with a second buckling part used for being connected with the first buckling part, the knife beating piston is arranged in the fixing seat, the knife beating block transversely penetrates through the fixing seat, the knife beating piston is sleeved on the knife beating block, the rear end of the knife beating block is fixed on the knife beating piston, the second rectangular spring is tightly pressed and arranged on the front side of the knife beating piston, the second rectangular spring is arranged on a spring seat, the spring seat is fixed on the inner side of the fixing seat, the second rear end cover is fixed at the rear end of the fixing seat, and the knife beating piston, the fixing seat and the second rear end cover enclose an oil cavity to form a knife beating, and the fixing seat is provided with an oil duct communicated with the oil cavity.
2. The small-sized high-speed flat milling head according to claim 1, wherein the broach claw is internally provided with a first central through hole, the broach seat is internally provided with a second central through hole communicated with the first central through hole, the broach block is internally provided with a third central through hole, the second rear end cover is provided with an air passage communicated with the third central through hole, and the second central through hole is opposite to the third central through hole after the first rear end cover is in butt joint with the fixing seat.
3. The small-sized high-speed flat milling head according to claim 1, wherein the outer side wall of the rear end of the broach piston is provided with a concave ring surface and a convex ring surface, the concave ring surface is positioned at the front side of the convex ring surface, a first gap is formed between the concave ring surface and the inner side surface of the first rear end cover, a second gap is formed between the convex ring surface and the inner side surface of the first rear end cover, the first gap is communicated with the second gap, the width of the first gap is smaller than that of the second gap, a gram ring is mounted on the inner side wall of the first rear end cover, the gram ring is positioned at the rear side of the convex ring surface when the first rectangular spring is reset, the inner ring surface of the gram ring is higher than the inner side surface of the first rear end cover and is positioned in the transverse through hole, and the inner ring surface of the gram ring is flush with the convex ring surface.
4. The high-speed flat milling head with a small structure according to claim 1, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the transmission shaft are respectively arranged on a first deep groove ball bearing and a second deep groove ball bearing, the first deep groove ball bearing is pressed by a first pressing ring, the second deep groove ball bearing is pressed by a second pressing ring, and the first pressing ring and the second pressing ring are respectively fixed on the upper box body; the first bevel gear is arranged on a first angular contact bearing, the inner ring and the outer ring of the first angular contact bearing are respectively pressed by a third pressing ring and a fourth pressing ring which are fixed on the lower box body, and a first adjusting pad is arranged between the lower end of the first angular contact bearing and the lower box body; the two ends of the intermediate shaft are respectively arranged on a second angular contact bearing and a third angular contact bearing, the inner ring and the outer ring of the second angular contact bearing are respectively pressed by a fifth pressing ring and a sixth pressing ring which are fixed on the lower box body, and the inner ring and the outer ring of the third angular contact bearing are respectively pressed by a seventh pressing ring and an eighth pressing ring which are fixed on the lower box body; the two ends of the flat milling head spindle are respectively arranged on a fourth angle contact bearing and a fifth angle contact bearing, the inner ring and the outer ring of the fourth angle contact bearing are respectively pressed by a ninth pressing ring and a tenth pressing ring, a labyrinth cavity is formed between the ninth pressing ring and the tenth pressing ring, a front protective cover is fixed on the outer side of the ninth pressing ring and the outer side of the tenth pressing ring, two ends of the fifth angle contact bearing are respectively clamped by a second adjusting pad and a second rear end cover, and a rear protective cover is arranged on the second rear end cover.
5. The high-speed flat milling head with a small structure according to claim 1, wherein the first buckling part comprises a concave cavity and a convex ring which are arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the first rear end cover, the convex ring is positioned at the rear side of the concave cavity, a T-shaped radial through hole which is horizontally arranged along the radial direction of the fixing seat and is longitudinally arranged in the transverse section is arranged on the second buckling part, the T-shaped radial through hole is matched with the concave cavity and the convex ring, and when the first rear end cover is in butt joint with the fixing seat, the first rear end cover moves along the radial direction of the T-shaped radial through hole relative to the fixing seat until the convex ring enters the T-shaped radial through hole, so that the butt joint of the first rear end cover and the fixing seat is completed.
6. The small-sized high-speed flat milling head according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the transmission ring is provided with a key slot with an opening at the lower end, the upper end of the transmission shaft is integrally provided with a key block matched with the key slot, and the key block is inserted into the key slot.
7. The small-sized high-speed flat milling head of claim 6, wherein the lower end of the transmission ring is provided with a first pin hole and a first spring hole, the first pin hole, the first spring hole and the key slot are sequentially arranged up and down concentrically and communicated, the key block is provided with a second spring hole and a second pin hole, the second spring hole and the second pin hole are vertically arranged concentrically and communicated, the first pin hole and the second pin hole are concentric and have the same aperture, cylindrical pins are inserted in the first pin hole and the second pin hole, springs are sleeved outside the cylindrical pins, and the upper part and the lower part of each spring are respectively positioned in the first spring hole and the second spring hole.
8. The high-speed flat milling head with a small structure according to claim 1, wherein the taper hole of the main shaft of the flat milling head is matched with the BT40 cutter handle.
CN201710457081.1A 2017-06-16 2017-06-16 High-speed flat cutter head with small structure Active CN107186261B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107791044B (en) * 2017-10-31 2023-03-03 宁波海天精工股份有限公司 High-speed deep boring and milling head with C-axis indexing at any angle
CN107971548B (en) * 2017-11-20 2019-10-18 首都航天机械公司 A kind of quick broaching tool of angular milling head

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CN201659449U (en) * 2010-02-04 2010-12-01 纽威数控装备（苏州）有限公司 Water supply knife machining mechanism of high-speed central water outlet main shaft
CN103286611B (en) * 2013-05-08 2016-12-28 宁波海天精工股份有限公司 A kind of High-Speed Automatic right-angle head of compact structure
CN104551811B (en) * 2014-12-29 2017-01-25 宁波海天精工股份有限公司 Universal side milling head for milling square rams
CN104551849B (en) * 2014-12-29 2017-01-25 宁波海天精工股份有限公司 High-speed automatic right-angle head
CN105665809B (en) * 2016-03-14 2018-01-05 宁波海天精工股份有限公司 A kind of two-part deep boring and milling head outer automatically
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CN105817936B (en) * 2016-04-26 2017-11-17 宁波海天精工股份有限公司 A kind of automatic right-angle head for carrying middle position
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