CN107185419A - 一种空气净化器用除尘膜及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种空气净化器用除尘膜及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107185419A
CN107185419A CN201710537350.5A CN201710537350A CN107185419A CN 107185419 A CN107185419 A CN 107185419A CN 201710537350 A CN201710537350 A CN 201710537350A CN 107185419 A CN107185419 A CN 107185419A
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parts
dedusting
air purifier
porous
film
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杨自芬
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Hefei Zhuo Zhuo Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种空气净化器用除尘膜及制备方法，所述除尘膜包括如下组分：EVA共聚物、聚乙烯醇、壳聚糖、多孔凹凸棒石粘土、活性炭、竹炭纤维、纳米氧化铝、多孔钛酸铝、玻璃微珠、石灰石、蛭石、发泡剂、醋酸锌、六亚甲基四胺。制备方法包括：先将多孔凹凸棒石粘土、活性炭、竹炭纤维、纳米氧化铝、多孔钛酸铝球磨混合，然后与EVA共聚物、聚乙烯醇、壳聚糖于滚筒中混合后，挤出成型，然后再经发泡、成膜，即得所述除尘膜。所述除尘膜应用于空气净化器中不仅对室内空气具有较好的除尘、吸附有害气体的效果，还具有较好的使用长效性，延长了空气净化器的使用寿命，具有较好的应用价值。

Description

一种空气净化器用除尘膜及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及环保设备技术领域，具体涉及一种空气净化器用除尘膜及制备方法。
背景技术
室内空气质量的好坏直接影响到人们的身心健康和生活舒适感。为了提高室内空气质量，改善居住、办公条件，增进身心健康，必须对室内空气污染进行整治。目前造成室内空气的污染主要来源于以下几个方面：一是人体呼吸、烟气；二是装修材料中的甲醛、氨、苯、甲苯等；三是微生物、病毒、细菌；四是厨房油烟；五是空调综合症。这些污染物随着呼吸道进入人体体内，长期积累，会引发各种潜在疾病，严重时甚至会致癌。目前市场上的空气净化材料种类繁多，然而现有的空气净化材料中，有些产品只能吸附空气污染物有些香精类产品只是掩盖空气污染物的味道，两者均非真正去除空气污染物；有些产品能够去除空气污染物，但其去除效果差，去除率低于50%；有些产品对空气污染物只能进行短期去除，很容易反弹，无法将空气污染物的残留物去除，也容易造成二次污染。
目前，随着科技的不断发展，空气净化器设备以其独特的优点得到广泛的应用，但是现有的空气净化器的净化效能不高，净化长效性不好。
因此，研究开发一种既能够有效去除室内粉尘及污染物质，又具有长效净化作用的净化器用除尘膜成为目前研究的重点，符合目前市场的需求，也具有较好的应用前景及使用价值。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的缺陷，本发明的目的是提供一种空气净化器用除尘膜及制备方法，所述除尘膜应用于空气净化器中不仅对室内空气具有较好的除尘、吸附有害气体的效果，还具有较好的使用长效性，延长了空气净化器的使用寿命，具有较好的应用价值。
本发明解决技术问题采用如下技术方案：
本发明涉及一种空气净化器用除尘膜，所述除尘膜包括如下重量份的各原料：EVA共聚物28~37份、聚乙烯醇10~22份、壳聚糖8~16份、多孔凹凸棒石粘土9~20份、活性炭5~12份、竹炭纤维7~13份、纳米氧化铝3~6份、多孔钛酸铝3~5份、玻璃微珠8~13份、石灰石7~12份、蛭石5~10份、发泡剂1~3份、醋酸锌2~6份、六亚甲基四胺0.5~1.8份。
优选地，所述EVA共聚物32份、聚乙烯醇16份、壳聚糖12份、多孔凹凸棒石粘土18份、活性炭7份、竹炭纤维9份、纳米氧化铝5份、多孔钛酸铝4份、玻璃微珠10份、石灰石9份、蛭石8份、发泡剂2份、醋酸锌4份、六亚甲基四胺1.4份。
优选地，所述多孔凹凸棒石粘土为凹凸棒土原矿经纯化、酸化改性之后得到的产物。
优选地，所述发泡剂包括碳酸钙、碳酸镁、碳酸氢钠、碳化硅中的任一种。
本发明还涉及一种制备空气净化器用除尘膜的方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）按照配比分别称取多孔凹凸棒石粘土、活性炭、竹炭纤维、纳米氧化铝、多孔钛酸铝混合粉碎，然后置于球磨机中球磨1~2h，得到混合物a1；
（2）按照配比称取EVA共聚物、聚乙烯醇、壳聚糖置于滚筒中，加入混合物a1、石灰石、玻璃微珠和蛭石混合搅拌均匀后，将混合物置于螺杆挤出机中挤出成型，切割，冷却即得除尘膜粒料；
（3）将除尘膜粒料和发泡剂混合均匀，然后置于成型模具中进行发泡成型，冷却即得到除尘膜本体；
（4）将步骤（3）制备得到的除尘膜本体加入到含有醋酸锌和六亚甲基四胺水溶液的水热釜中，垂直放置，然后将水热釜置于85~90℃的烘箱中保存4~5h，取出，冷却，即得所述除尘膜。
优选地，所述步骤（1）中多孔凹凸棒石粘土的制备方法包括：将凹凸棒土原矿粉碎并过200目筛，加水，搅拌形成悬浮泥浆，然后置于超声波条件下超声10~20min，取上层悬浊液于2000~3000转/min的离心机中离心处理10~15min，静置后真空抽滤，将滤饼加入到浓度为40%~50%的醋酸中浸泡50~90min，然后将浸泡好的凹凸棒石粘土置于加压机中压片，然后再将片状物置于马弗炉中于800~900℃焙烧3~4h，冷却，粉碎并过80目筛，即得所述多孔凹凸棒石粘土。
优选地，所述步骤（1）中球磨过程中加水，其中加水的量为各固体组分总重量的0.8~1.2倍。
优选地，所述步骤（2）中挤出机挤出温度为130~150℃。
优选地，所述步骤（3）中水热釜中加入水的量使得醋酸锌的浓度为0.06~0.10mol/L，六亚甲基四胺浓度为0.005~0.025mol/L。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下的有益效果：
（1）本发明所述的空气净化器用除尘膜，应用于空气净化器中不仅对室内空气具有较好的除尘、吸附有害气体的效果，还具有较好的使用长效性，延长了空气净化器的使用寿命，有效避免由于室内粉尘及有害气体对人体的伤害，提高了人们居住安全性，具有较好的应用价值及前景。
（2）本发明所述的空气净化器用除尘膜采用在多孔除尘膜本体表面负载纳米氧化锌，使得除尘膜在除尘、吸附有害气体的同时还具有一定有机物分解作用和杀菌作用，不仅能够去空气中的甲醛等有机物组分，还能防止空气净化装置中细菌滋生，延长装置的检修期限。
（3）本发明所述的空气净化器用除尘膜中添加有多孔凹凸棒石粘土，由于凹凸棒石粘土本身具有独特的链层状结构和较大的比表面积，而对其活化改性之后得到多孔结构的凹凸棒石粘土相结合，使得除尘膜具有优异的吸附性能，不仅对粉尘有较好的吸附作用，还对空气中的甲醛等的有害气体具有较好的吸附作用，使得经过除尘膜之后的空气具有较好的净化效果，有效降低了室内环境污染，为人们提供一个安全、干净的生活环境，符合环境友好型生产要求。
（4）本发明所述的空气净化器用除尘膜的制备方法简单，操作方便，工艺条件温和，适合工业化推广生产。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法，通常按照常规条件，例如Sambrook等分子克隆：实验室手册（New York:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press,1989）中所述的条件，或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。
实施例1：
本发明优选实施例的一种空气净化器用除尘膜及制备方法；
所述除尘膜由如下重量份的各原料制备而成：
EVA共聚物32份、聚乙烯醇16份、壳聚糖12份、多孔凹凸棒石粘土18份、活性炭7份、竹炭纤维9份、纳米氧化铝5份、多孔钛酸铝4份、玻璃微珠10份、石灰石9份、蛭石8份、发泡剂2份、醋酸锌4份、六亚甲基四胺1.4份。
所述多孔凹凸棒石粘土为凹凸棒土原矿经纯化、酸化改性之后得到的产物。
所述发泡剂包括碳酸钙。
本发明制备空气净化器用除尘膜的方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）按照配比分别称取多孔凹凸棒石粘土、活性炭、竹炭纤维、纳米氧化铝、多孔钛酸铝混合粉碎，然后置于球磨机中球磨2h，得到混合物a1；
（2）按照配比称取EVA共聚物、聚乙烯醇、壳聚糖置于滚筒中，加入混合物a1、石灰石、玻璃微珠和蛭石混合搅拌均匀后，将混合物置于螺杆挤出机中挤出成型，切割，冷却即得除尘膜粒料；
（3）将除尘膜粒料和发泡剂混合均匀，然后置于成型模具中进行发泡成型，冷却即得到除尘膜本体；
（4）将步骤（3）制备得到的除尘膜本体加入到含有醋酸锌和六亚甲基四胺水溶液的水热釜中，垂直放置，然后将水热釜置于90℃的烘箱中保存4h，取出，冷却，即得所述除尘膜。
步骤（1）中多孔凹凸棒石粘土的制备方法包括：将凹凸棒土原矿粉碎并过200目筛，加水，搅拌形成悬浮泥浆，然后置于超声波条件下超声15min，取上层悬浊液于2000转/min的离心机中离心处理10min，静置后真空抽滤，将滤饼加入到浓度为40%~50%的醋酸中浸泡60min，然后将浸泡好的凹凸棒石粘土置于加压机中压片，然后再将片状物置于马弗炉中于800℃焙烧4h，冷却，粉碎并过80目筛，即得所述多孔凹凸棒石粘土。
步骤（1）中球磨过程中加水，其中加水的量为各固体组分总重量的0.9倍。
步骤（2）中挤出机挤出温度为140℃。
步骤（3）中水热釜中加入水的量使得醋酸锌的浓度为0.08mol/L，六亚甲基四胺浓度为0.015mol/L。
实施例2：
本发明优选实施例的一种空气净化器用除尘膜及制备方法；
所述除尘膜由如下重量份的各原料制备而成：
EVA共聚物28份、聚乙烯醇10份、壳聚糖8份、多孔凹凸棒石粘土9份、活性炭5份、竹炭纤维7份、纳米氧化铝3份、多孔钛酸铝3份、玻璃微珠8份、石灰石7份、蛭石5份、发泡剂1份、醋酸锌2份、六亚甲基四胺0.5份。
所述多孔凹凸棒石粘土为凹凸棒土原矿经纯化、酸化改性之后得到的产物。
所述发泡剂包括碳酸镁。
本发明制备空气净化器用除尘膜的方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）按照配比分别称取多孔凹凸棒石粘土、活性炭、竹炭纤维、纳米氧化铝、多孔钛酸铝混合粉碎，然后置于球磨机中球磨1h，得到混合物a1；
（2）按照配比称取EVA共聚物、聚乙烯醇、壳聚糖置于滚筒中，加入混合物a1、石灰石、玻璃微珠和蛭石混合搅拌均匀后，将混合物置于螺杆挤出机中挤出成型，切割，冷却即得除尘膜粒料；
（3）将除尘膜粒料和发泡剂混合均匀，然后置于成型模具中进行发泡成型，冷却即得到除尘膜本体；
（4）将步骤（3）制备得到的除尘膜本体加入到含有醋酸锌和六亚甲基四胺水溶液的水热釜中，垂直放置，然后将水热釜置于85℃的烘箱中保存5h，取出，冷却，即得所述除尘膜。
步骤（1）中多孔凹凸棒石粘土的制备方法包括：将凹凸棒土原矿粉碎并过200目筛，加水，搅拌形成悬浮泥浆，然后置于超声波条件下超声10min，取上层悬浊液于2000转/min的离心机中离心处理15min，静置后真空抽滤，将滤饼加入到浓度为40%的醋酸中浸泡90min，然后将浸泡好的凹凸棒石粘土置于加压机中压片，然后再将片状物置于马弗炉中于800℃焙烧4h，冷却，粉碎并过80目筛，即得所述多孔凹凸棒石粘土。
步骤（1）中球磨过程中加水，其中加水的量为各固体组分总重量的0.8倍。
步骤（2）中挤出机挤出温度为130℃。
步骤（3）中水热釜中加入水的量使得醋酸锌的浓度为0.06mol/L，六亚甲基四胺浓度为0.005mol/L。
实施例3：
本发明优选实施例的一种空气净化器用除尘膜及制备方法；
所述除尘膜由如下重量份的各原料制备而成：
EVA共聚物37份、聚乙烯醇22份、壳聚糖16份、多孔凹凸棒石粘土20份、活性炭12份、竹炭纤维13份、纳米氧化铝6份、多孔钛酸铝5份、玻璃微珠13份、石灰石12份、蛭石10份、发泡剂3份、醋酸锌6份、六亚甲基四胺1.8份。
所述多孔凹凸棒石粘土为凹凸棒土原矿经纯化、酸化改性之后得到的产物。
所述发泡剂包括碳化硅。
本发明制备空气净化器用除尘膜的方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）按照配比分别称取多孔凹凸棒石粘土、活性炭、竹炭纤维、纳米氧化铝、多孔钛酸铝混合粉碎，然后置于球磨机中球磨2h，得到混合物a1；
（2）按照配比称取EVA共聚物、聚乙烯醇、壳聚糖置于滚筒中，加入混合物a1、石灰石、玻璃微珠和蛭石混合搅拌均匀后，将混合物置于螺杆挤出机中挤出成型，切割，冷却即得除尘膜粒料；
（3）将除尘膜粒料和发泡剂混合均匀，然后置于成型模具中进行发泡成型，冷却即得到除尘膜本体；
（4）将步骤（3）制备得到的除尘膜本体加入到含有醋酸锌和六亚甲基四胺水溶液的水热釜中，垂直放置，然后将水热釜置于90℃的烘箱中保存4h，取出，冷却，即得所述除尘膜。
步骤（1）中多孔凹凸棒石粘土的制备方法包括：将凹凸棒土原矿粉碎并过200目筛，加水，搅拌形成悬浮泥浆，然后置于超声波条件下超声20min，取上层悬浊液于3000转/min的离心机中离心处理10min，静置后真空抽滤，将滤饼加入到浓度为50%的醋酸中浸泡50min，然后将浸泡好的凹凸棒石粘土置于加压机中压片，然后再将片状物置于马弗炉中于900℃焙烧3h，冷却，粉碎并过80目筛，即得所述多孔凹凸棒石粘土。
步骤（1）中球磨过程中加水，其中加水的量为各固体组分总重量的1.2倍。
步骤（2）中挤出机挤出温度为150℃。
步骤（3）中水热釜中加入水的量使得醋酸锌的浓度为0.10mol/L，六亚甲基四胺浓度为0.025mol/L。
综上所述，本发明所述的空气净化器用除尘膜，应用于空气净化器中不仅对室内空气具有较好的除尘、吸附有害气体的效果，还具有较好的使用长效性，延长了空气净化器的使用寿命，有效避免由于室内粉尘及有害气体对人体的伤害，提高了人们居住安全性，具有较好的应用价值及前景，且所述除尘膜的制备方法简单，操作方便，工艺条件温和，适合工业化推广生产。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是，本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式，本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变形或修改，这并不影响本发明的实质内容。

Claims (9)

1.一种空气净化器用除尘膜，其特征在于，所述除尘膜包括如下重量份的各原料：EVA共聚物28~37份、聚乙烯醇10~22份、壳聚糖8~16份、多孔凹凸棒石粘土9~20份、活性炭5~12份、竹炭纤维7~13份、纳米氧化铝3~6份、多孔钛酸铝3~5份、玻璃微珠8~13份、石灰石7~12份、蛭石5~10份、发泡剂1~3份、醋酸锌2~6份、六亚甲基四胺0.5~1.8份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的空气净化器用除尘膜，其特征在于，所述EVA共聚物32份、聚乙烯醇16份、壳聚糖12份、多孔凹凸棒石粘土18份、活性炭7份、竹炭纤维9份、纳米氧化铝5份、多孔钛酸铝4份、玻璃微珠10份、石灰石9份、蛭石8份、发泡剂2份、醋酸锌4份、六亚甲基四胺1.4份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的空气净化器用除尘膜，其特征在于，所述多孔凹凸棒石粘土为凹凸棒土原矿经纯化、酸化改性之后得到的产物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的空气净化器用除尘膜，其特征在于，所述发泡剂包括碳酸钙、碳酸镁、碳酸氢钠、碳化硅中的任一种。
5.一种制备如权利要求1~4任一项所述的空气净化器用除尘膜的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
（1）按照配比分别称取多孔凹凸棒石粘土、活性炭、竹炭纤维、纳米氧化铝、多孔钛酸铝混合粉碎，然后置于球磨机中球磨1~2h，得到混合物a1；
（2）按照配比称取EVA共聚物、聚乙烯醇、壳聚糖置于滚筒中，加入混合物a1、石灰石、玻璃微珠和蛭石混合搅拌均匀后，将混合物置于螺杆挤出机中挤出成型，切割，冷却即得除尘膜粒料；
（3）将除尘膜粒料和发泡剂混合均匀，然后置于成型模具中进行发泡成型，冷却即得到除尘膜本体；
（4）将步骤（3）制备得到的除尘膜本体加入到含有醋酸锌和六亚甲基四胺水溶液的水热釜中，垂直放置，然后将水热釜置于85~90℃的烘箱中保存4~5h，取出，冷却，即得所述除尘膜。
6.根据权利要求5所述的空气净化器用除尘膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（1）中多孔凹凸棒石粘土的制备方法包括：将凹凸棒土原矿粉碎并过200目筛，加水，搅拌形成悬浮泥浆，然后置于超声波条件下超声10~20min，取上层悬浊液于2000~3000转/min的离心机中离心处理10~15min，静置后真空抽滤，将滤饼加入到浓度为40%~50%的醋酸中浸泡50~90min，然后将浸泡好的凹凸棒石粘土置于加压机中压片，然后再将片状物置于马弗炉中于800~900℃焙烧3~4h，冷却，粉碎并过80目筛，即得所述多孔凹凸棒石粘土。
7.根据权利要求5所述的空气净化器用除尘膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（1）中球磨过程中加水，其中加水的量为各固体组分总重量的0.8~1.2倍。
8.根据权利要求5所述的空气净化器用除尘膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（2）中挤出机挤出温度为130~150℃。
9.根据权利要求5所述的空气净化器用除尘膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（3）中水热釜中加入水的量使得醋酸锌的浓度为0.06~0.10mol/L，六亚甲基四胺浓度为0.005~0.025mol/L。
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