CN107178649B - 汽车转向阀用整体式电控比例阀及其控制方法 - Google Patents

汽车转向阀用整体式电控比例阀及其控制方法 Download PDF

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CN107178649B
CN107178649B CN201710560484.9A CN201710560484A CN107178649B CN 107178649 B CN107178649 B CN 107178649B CN 201710560484 A CN201710560484 A CN 201710560484A CN 107178649 B CN107178649 B CN 107178649B
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electromagnetic coil
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陈强
杨发东
翟旭军
朱永
崔勇
石博文
贺志浪
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Jiangsu Agri Animal Husbandry Vocational College
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0675—Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
    • B62D5/06—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle
    • B62D5/08—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle characterised by type of steering valve used
    • B62D5/087—Sliding spool valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K3/00—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing
    • F16K3/22—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with sealing faces shaped as surfaces of solids of revolution
    • F16K3/24—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with sealing faces shaped as surfaces of solids of revolution with cylindrical valve members
    • F16K3/26—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with sealing faces shaped as surfaces of solids of revolution with cylindrical valve members with fluid passages in the valve member
    • F16K3/262—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with sealing faces shaped as surfaces of solids of revolution with cylindrical valve members with fluid passages in the valve member with a transverse bore in the valve member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K3/00—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing
    • F16K3/22—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with sealing faces shaped as surfaces of solids of revolution
    • F16K3/24—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with sealing faces shaped as surfaces of solids of revolution with cylindrical valve members
    • F16K3/26—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with sealing faces shaped as surfaces of solids of revolution with cylindrical valve members with fluid passages in the valve member
    • F16K3/265—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with sealing faces shaped as surfaces of solids of revolution with cylindrical valve members with fluid passages in the valve member with a sleeve sliding in the direction of the flow line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0644—One-way valve
    • F16K31/0668—Sliding valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
    • F15B13/044—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor operated by electrically-controlled means, e.g. solenoids, torque-motors
    • F15B2013/0448—Actuation by solenoid and permanent magnet

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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种汽车转向器用整体式电控比例阀及其控制方法，包括罩壳、定滑芯、油口法兰和电磁线圈；所述电磁线圈固定在所述罩壳内部；所述罩壳、电磁线圈和所述油口法兰形成一个密封腔体；所述定滑芯顶部固定在所述油口法兰的中间；所述密封腔体内还包括调整座、调整螺钉、调整弹簧、弹簧座、动铁芯和隔磁套；所述调整座安装在所述空腔底部，固定在所述电磁线圈中间，底面固定在所述罩壳的底面上；调整螺钉固定在所述调整座中间；所述调整弹簧的一端固定在所述调整螺钉的顶部；所述调整弹簧的顶部固定有弹簧座；所述隔磁套安装在所述电磁线圈的内壁上。本发明提供的比例阀，结构紧凑，成本低，稳定性高。

Description

汽车转向阀用整体式电控比例阀及其控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车零部件，具体涉及一种汽车液压循环球转向器用整体式电控比例阀。
背景技术
普通汽车液压循环球转向器，在汽车高速行驶时易出现转向发飘现象，严重影响汽车的高速稳定性。现有方案都是利用步进伺服电机或者外置的流量调节阀进行控制，前者成本高，发热严重；后者结构庞大不便于整车布置，利用率极低。
发明内容
为解决以上问题，本发明提供一种汽车转向器用整体式电控比例阀，包括罩壳、定滑芯、油口法兰和电磁线圈；所述电磁线圈固定在所述罩壳内部；所述罩壳、电磁线圈和所述油口法兰形成一个密封腔体；所述定滑芯顶部固定在所述油口法兰的中间；所述密封腔体内还包括调整座、调整螺钉、调整弹簧、弹簧座、动铁芯和隔磁套；所述调整座安装在所述密封腔体底部，固定在所述电磁线圈中间，底面固定在所述罩壳的底面上；调整螺钉固定在所述调整座中间；所述调整弹簧的一端固定在所述调整螺钉的顶部；所述调整弹簧的顶部固定有弹簧座；所述动铁芯中间设有第一通孔；所述弹簧座固定在所述动铁芯的第一通孔的底部；所述定滑芯的下部位于所述动铁芯的第一通孔内；所述定滑芯的外圆直径与所述动铁芯的第一通孔的直径相等；所述隔磁套安装在所述电磁线圈的内壁上；所述定滑芯、油口法兰、动铁芯、调整座、调整弹簧、调整螺钉和弹簧座全部同轴。
更进一步的，所述定滑芯中间有空腔，所述空腔从所述定滑芯的顶端向下延伸至距离所述定滑芯底面1/6处；所述空腔的顶端为出油口。
更进一步的，所述定滑芯上设有第二通孔，所述第二通孔位于所述空腔的底部，贯穿所述定滑芯的空腔的腔壁；所述第二通孔与所述定滑芯的轴向方向垂直。
更进一步的，所述油口法兰上设有进油口，所述进油口与所述油口法兰的轴向方向垂直；所述进油口贯穿所述油口法兰的侧壁。
更进一步的，所述动铁芯上设有阀口和进油槽；所述阀口位于所述动铁芯的内壁上，所述进油槽的顶端位于所述动铁芯的顶面上；所述阀口与所述进油槽连通。
更进一步的，所述进油槽与所述密封腔体连通；所述阀口位于所述定滑芯上的第二通孔的上方。
更进一步的，所述定滑芯和所述动铁芯采用间隙配合。
汽车转向器用整体式电控比例阀的控制方法，包括位移传感器和PCB板；所述PCB板包括CPU模块、车速信号处理模块、电源模块和电磁阀驱动模块；所述电磁阀驱动模块与所述电磁线圈连接；所述位移传感器安装在所述动铁芯上的阀口上；所述位移传感器与所述CPU模块连接；所述电源模块连接所述CPU模块、所述车速信号处理模块和所属电磁阀驱动模块；所述车速信号处理模块与所述CPU模块连接。
更进一步的，所述电磁阀驱动模块的驱动信号为PWM信号。
汽车转向器用整体式电控比例阀的控制方法，步骤为：
（1）、所述电磁阀驱动模块向所述电磁线圈通入所述PWM信号，在所述电磁线圈上形成周期一定、脉冲宽度可调的矩形波；从而电磁线圈上的电流变化；
（2）、当电流变化造成所述阀口运动时，所述位移传感器将阀口方位移信号传送到所述CPU模块中，所述车辆速度处理模块将车速信号传送到所述CPU模块中；
（3）、车速信号作为指令信号，调节器和比例放大器对指令信号进行加工、整形和功率放大，经过加工后的信号经过电磁线圈实现电信号→电磁力→阀位移。
本发明提供的汽车转向器用整体式电控比例阀，整体安装在转向阀上，集成度高，整体液压回路短，压力损失小；阀口为常闭式，在该装置失效时，不影响转向器的整体运行；整体布置紧凑，装配工序少，制造成本低。
附图说明
图1是本发明提供的比例阀的侧面剖视结构示意图。
图2是本发明提供的比例阀的动铁芯的俯视图。
图3是本发明提供的比例阀的PCB板的结构示意图。
图4是本发明提供的比例阀的控制方式的原理示意图。
图5是本发明提供的比例阀的PWM信号的示意图。
图中：1、罩壳；12、密封腔体；2、定滑芯；21、空腔；22、出油口；23、第二通孔；3、油口法兰；31、进油口；4、电磁线圈；5、动铁芯；6、弹簧座；7、调整弹簧；8、调整螺钉；9、调整座；10、隔磁套。
具体实施方式
实施例一
如图1和图2所示，本发明提供的汽车转向器用整体式电控比例阀，包括罩壳1、定滑芯2、油口法兰3和电磁线圈4；所述电磁线圈4固定在所述罩壳1内部；所述罩壳1、电磁线圈4和所述油口法兰3形成一个密封腔体12；所述定滑芯2顶部固定在所述油口法兰3的中间；所述密封腔体12内还包括调整座6、调整螺钉8、调整弹簧7、弹簧座9、动铁芯5和隔磁套10；所述调整座9安装在所述密封腔体12底部，固定在所述电磁线圈4中间，底面固定在所述罩壳1的底面上；调整螺钉8固定在所述调整座9中间；所述调整弹簧7的一端固定在所述调整螺钉8的顶部；所述调整弹簧7的顶部固定有弹簧座6；所述动铁芯5中间设有第一通孔51；所述弹簧座6固定在所述动铁芯5的第一通孔51的底部；所述定滑芯2的下部位于所述动铁芯5的第一通孔51内；所述定滑芯2的外圆直径与所述动铁芯5的第一通孔51的直径相等；所述隔磁套10安装在所述电磁线圈4的内壁上；所述定滑芯2、油口法兰3、动铁芯5、调整座9、调整弹簧7、调整螺钉8和弹簧座6全部同轴。
具体的，所述定滑芯2中间有空腔21，所述空腔21从所述定滑芯2的顶端向下延伸至距离所述定滑芯2底面1/6处；所述空腔21的顶端为出油口22。
具体的，所述定滑芯2上设有第二通孔23，所述第二通孔23位于所述空腔21的底部，贯穿所述定滑芯2的空腔21的腔壁；所述第二通孔23与所述定滑芯2的轴向方向垂直。
具体的，所述油口法兰3上设有进油口31，所述进油口31与所述油口法兰3的轴向方向垂直；所述进油口31贯穿所述油口法兰3的侧壁。
具体的，所述动铁芯5上设有阀口52和进油槽53；所述阀口52位于所述动铁芯5的内壁上，所述进油槽53的顶端位于所述动铁芯5的顶面上；所述阀口52与所述进油槽53连通。
具体的，所述进油槽53与所述密封腔体12连通；所述阀口52位于所述定滑芯5上的第二通孔23的上方。
具体的，所述定滑芯2和所述动铁5芯采用间隙配合。
本发明提供的比例阀工作原理是，当汽车行驶时，改变通过所述电磁线圈4的电流的大小，从而调整所述电磁线圈4 的磁力。当通过所述电磁线圈4的电流增大时，电磁线圈4的吸力大于所述调整弹簧7的弹性，从而将所述调整弹簧7向下运动，因为所述调整弹簧7上固定有弹簧座6，所述弹簧座6与所述动铁芯5固定连接，则所述调整弹簧7的运动带动所述动铁芯5向下运动，从而所述动铁芯5上的阀口52向下运动。当所述阀口52运动到与所述定滑芯2上的第二通孔23平行时，从所述油口法兰3上的进油口31进入方油液流经所述动铁芯5上的进油槽53进入，然后经过所述阀口52经过所述定滑芯2上的第二通孔23进入所述空腔21内，然后从所述空腔21顶端的出油口22流出。则油液被旁通，减少了转向液压助力。在车辆高速行驶时，能够改善汽车的高速行驶发飘问题。
当汽车从高速变成低速行驶，不需要解决发飘问题时，减小通过所述电磁线圈4的电流，则所述电磁线圈4的磁力减小，所述调整弹簧7逐渐回复原状，则所述动铁芯5向上运动，所述动铁芯5上的阀口52也向上运动，离开所述定滑芯2上的第二通孔23，则油液无法通过所述动铁芯5进入所述定滑芯2中，油路被切断，转向器恢复液压助力，进入正常工作模式。因为所述动铁芯5上的阀口52是常闭模式，所以当本装置失效时，转向器依旧可以正常运动，不影响汽车的行驶。
如图3和图4所示，本发明提供的比例阀的控制方法为：包括位移传感器和PCB板；所述PCB板包括CPU模块、车速信号处理模块、电源模块和电磁阀驱动模块；所述电磁阀驱动模块与所述电磁线圈4连接；所述位移传感器安装在所述动铁芯上5的阀口52上；所述位移传感器与所述CPU模块连接；所述电源模块连接所述CPU模块、所述车速信号处理模块和所属电磁阀驱动模块；所述车速信号处理模块与所述CPU模块连接。
更进一步的，所述电磁阀驱动模块的驱动信号为PWM信号。
控制步骤为：
（1）、所述电磁阀驱动模块向所述电磁线圈通入所述PWM信号，在所述电磁线圈4上形成周期一定、脉冲宽度可调的矩形波；从而电磁线圈上的电流变化；因为脉冲周期远小于所述阀口5的响应周期，所以阀口52的运动只响应所述PWM 信号的电流平均值。
（2）、当电流变化造成所述阀口52运动时，所述位移传感器将阀口52方位移信号传送到所述CPU模块中，所述车辆速度处理模块将车速信号传送到所述CPU模块中；
（3）、车速信号作为指令信号，调节器和比例放大器对指令信号进行加工、整形和功率放大，经过加工后的信号经过电磁线圈实现电信号→电磁力→阀位移。
比例电磁铁和先导滑阀作为主阀的控制回路；所述主阀就是所述动铁芯5上的阀口52；所述比例电磁铁就是电磁线圈4。
以上仅为本发明较佳的实施例，故不能依此限定本发明实施的范围，即依本发明说明书内容所作的等效变化与装饰，皆应属于本发明覆盖的范围内。

Claims (6)

1.一种汽车转向器用整体式电控比例阀，其特征在于：包括罩壳、定滑芯、油口法兰和电磁线圈；所述电磁线圈固定在所述罩壳内部；所述罩壳、电磁线圈和所述油口法兰形成一个密封腔体；所述定滑芯顶部固定在所述油口法兰的中间；所述密封腔体内还包括调整座、调整螺钉、调整弹簧、弹簧座、动铁芯和隔磁套；所述调整座安装在所述密封腔体底部，固定在所述电磁线圈中间，底面固定在所述罩壳的底面上；调整螺钉固定在所述调整座中间；所述调整弹簧的一端固定在所述调整螺钉的顶部；所述调整弹簧的顶部固定有弹簧座；所述动铁芯中间设有第一通孔；所述弹簧座固定在所述动铁芯的第一通孔的底部；所述定滑芯的下部位于所述动铁芯的第一通孔内；所述定滑芯的外圆直径与所述动铁芯的第一通孔的直径相等；所述隔磁套安装在所述电磁线圈的内壁上；所述定滑芯、油口法兰、动铁芯、调整座、调整弹簧、调整螺钉和弹簧座全部同轴，所述定滑芯中间有空腔，所述空腔从所述定滑芯的顶端向下延伸至距离所述定滑芯底面，从定滑芯底面向上至定滑芯总长度的1/6处；所述空腔的顶端为出油口，所述定滑芯上设有第二通孔，所述第二通孔位于所述空腔的底部，贯穿所述定滑芯的空腔的腔壁；所述第二通孔与所述定滑芯的轴向方向垂直，所述油口法兰上设有进油口，所述进油口与所述油口法兰的轴向方向垂直；所述进油口贯穿所述油口法兰的侧壁，所述动铁芯上设有阀口和进油槽；所述阀口位于所述动铁芯的内壁上，所述进油槽的顶端位于所述动铁芯的顶面上；所述阀口与所述进油槽连通。
2.如权利要求1所述的汽车转向器用整体式电控比例阀，其特征在于：所述进油槽与所述密封腔体连通；所述阀口位于所述定滑芯上的第二通孔的上方。
3.如权利要求1所述的汽车转向器用整体式电控比例阀，其特征在于：所述定滑芯和所述动铁芯采用间隙配合。
4.一种如权利要求1-3任一所述的汽车转向器用整体式电控比例阀的控制方法，其特征在于：包括位移传感器和PCB板；所述PCB板包括CPU模块、车速信号处理模块、电源模块和电磁阀驱动模块；所述电磁阀驱动模块与所述电磁线圈连接；所述位移传感器安装在所述动铁芯上的阀口上；所述位移传感器与所述CPU模块连接；所述电源模块连接所述CPU模块、所述车速信号处理模块和所述电磁阀驱动模块；所述车速信号处理模块与所述CPU模块连接。
5.如权利要求4所述的汽车转向器用整体式电控比例阀的控制方法，其特征在于：所述电磁阀驱动模块的驱动信号为PWM信号。
6.如权利要求5所述的汽车转向器用整体式电控比例阀的控制方法，其特征在于：步骤为：
(1)所述电磁阀驱动模块向所述电磁线圈通入所述PWM信号，在所述电磁线圈上形成周期一定、脉冲宽度可调的矩形波；从而电磁线圈上的电流变化；
(2)当电流变化造成所述阀口运动时，所述位移传感器将阀口方位移信号传送到所述CPU模块中，所述车速信号处理模块将车速信号传送到所述CPU模块中；
(3)车速信号作为指令信号，调节器和比例放大器对指令信号进行加工、整形和功率放大，经过加工后的信号经过电磁线圈实现电信号→电磁力→阀位移。
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