CN107177843A - 一种激光熔覆复合粉及应用 - Google Patents
一种激光熔覆复合粉及应用 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;titanium Chemical compound [AlH3].[Ti] UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical group O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Natural products CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 8
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960002523 mercuric chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LWJROJCJINYWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L mercury dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Hg]Cl LWJROJCJINYWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- YNBADRVTZLEFNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl nicotinate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 YNBADRVTZLEFNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
- C23C28/027—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material including at least one metal matrix material comprising a mixture of at least two metals or metal phases or metal matrix composites, e.g. metal matrix with embedded inorganic hard particles, CERMET, MMC.
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种激光熔覆复合粉及应用,属于激光熔覆技术领域。该激光熔覆复合粉为TiO2、SiO2、Al2O3、TiB2、Co、Sn、La、Ce的混合物,其中各组分的质量百分含量为TiO2 39~42%、SiO2 11~15%、Al2O3 17~20%、TiB2 16~21%、Co 6~9.7%、余量为Sn、La、Ce;本发明激光熔覆复合粉能很好减少热膨胀系数带来的裂纹,具有高硬度特点,可运用在制备钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层中。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种激光熔覆复合粉及应用,属于激光熔覆技术领域。
背景技术
Ti合金具有比刚度高、比强度高的优点,特别在汽车行业、航空航天工业运用广泛。其中为了提高Ti合金使用性能,扩大其适用范围,一般向Ti合金材料铸熔合金元素及表面处理调控显微组织来得到优异的高温抗氧化性能、高硬度、高耐磨性能,其中表面处理具有经济性能好、加工方便及表面涂层性能优良的特点,最常用的表面加工方式一般是激光熔覆、电镀、热喷涂、等离子喷涂、物理化学沉积等,通过对表面加工方式相关专利和论文的研究了解得到,现在的表面处理方式单一且工艺参数不稳定,无法得到综合性能优异的涂层。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的问题和不足,本发明提供一种激光熔覆复合粉,该复合粉为TiO2、SiO2、Al2O3、TiB2、Co、Sn、La、Ce的混合物,其中各组分的质量百分含量为TiO2 39~42%、SiO2 11~15%、Al2O3 17~20%、TiB2 16~21%、Co 6~9.7%、余量为Sn、La、Ce;
所述余量的Sn、La、Ce为任意比三种。
所述激光熔覆复合粉在制备钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层中的应用。
激光熔覆复合粉在制备钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层中应用的方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将激光熔覆复合粉细磨至粒径不大于200目,加入粘接剂混合均匀,再压制成型、干燥得到预制层;
(2)将钛铝合金基材的表面进行打磨处理;
(3)将步骤(1)所得预制层置于步骤(2)所得基材上,在真空、300~350℃条件下预热0.5~ 2h,用激光束对预覆预制层进行激光熔覆,激光束垂直扫描并在扫描过程中侧吹N2保护,自然冷却得到钛铝合金表面预熔涂层;
(4)将步骤(3)所得钛铝合金表面预涂层进行擦拭清洗,将复合粉体热喷涂至钛铝合金表面预涂层上面得到热喷涂涂层,其中热喷涂涂层的厚度为0.5~0.8mm;
(5)用激光束对步骤(4)所得热喷涂涂层进行激光重熔,激光束垂直扫描并在扫描过程中侧吹N2保护,自然冷却得到重熔涂层;
(6)在真空条件下,将步骤(5)所得产物进行退火处理,冷却即得钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层;
所述步骤(1)中粘接剂为无水乙醇和/或醋酸与液体聚乙烯醇的混合物;
所述步骤(3)激光熔覆的激光功率为3~5kW,光斑直径为2~3mm,扫描速度为330~460mm·min-1;所述激光熔覆过程中氮气的流速为18~30L·h-1;
所述步骤(4)中复合粉体为B、Al、Ti、Ce的混合物,其中各组分的质量百分含量为B 13%~18%,Al 32%~34.6%,Ti 47%~52%,Ce 2.3%~4.7%;
所述步骤(4)中热喷涂采用超音速煤油火焰热喷涂方式,其中煤油流量3.8~4.2 L·min-1,氧气流量500~700 L·min-1,氢气流量10 L·min-1,送粉速率60g·min-1,喷涂距离控制在400mm,喷涂角70°,喷枪移动速度400mm·min-1;喷涂过程随时监测,控制厚度;
所述步骤(5)中激光重熔的激光功率为6~8kW,光斑直径为2~3mm,扫描速度为670~880mm·min-1,激光重熔过程中氮气的流速为30~40L·h-1;
所述步骤(6)中退火处理的温度为600~800℃,退火处理时间为1~3h;
本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明激光熔覆复合粉采用化合物形态和微量元素混合,且化合物粉末要求在一定的范围内;
(2)本发明采用激光熔覆-热喷涂-退火结合的方法制得钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层具有很高的显微硬度和耐磨性能;
(3)本发明制备的钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层具有稀释率低、气孔率低、结合紧密的特点。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1复合工艺涂层的金相图;
图2为本发明实施例2复合工艺涂层的金相图;
图3为本发明实施例3复合工艺涂层的金相图;
图4为本发明实施例4复合工艺涂层的金相图;
图5为本发明实施例钛铝合金涂层表面的显微硬度图;
图6为本发明实施例钛铝合金涂层表面的磨损失重表。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式,对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1:本实施例的激光熔覆复合粉为TiO2、SiO2、Al2O3、TiB2、Co、Sn、La、Ce的混合物,其中各组分的质量百分含量为TiO2 40%、SiO2 12%、Al2O3 18%、TiB2 21%、Co 8%、Sn0.1%、La 0.7%、Ce 0.2%;
激光熔覆复合粉在制备钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层中应用的方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将激光熔覆复合粉细磨至粒径为180目,加入粘接剂(粘接剂为无水乙醇、液体聚乙烯醇的混合物)混合均匀,再压制成30mm×4mm×2mm的条状、干燥得到预制层;
(2)将尺寸为40mm×10mm×6mm的TC4的表面进行打磨处理,去除表面氧化物等杂质;
(3)将步骤(1)所得预制层置于步骤(2)所得基材上,在真空、350℃条件下预热0.5h,用激光束对预覆预制层进行激光熔覆,激光束垂直扫描并在扫描过程中侧吹N2保护,自然冷却得到钛铝合金表面预熔涂层,其中激光熔覆采用CO2激光器,激光功率为3.6kW,光斑直径为3mm,扫描速度为360mm·min-1,激光熔覆过程中氮气的流速为20L·h-1;
(4)将步骤(3)所得钛铝合金表面预涂层进行擦拭清洗,将复合粉体热喷涂至钛铝合金表面预涂层上面得到热喷涂涂层,其中热喷涂涂层的厚度为0.8mm,复合粉体为B、Al、Ti、Ce的混合物,其中各组分的质量百分含量为B 16%,Al 33%,Ti 48%,Ce 3%;
(5)用激光束对步骤(4)所得热喷涂涂层进行激光熔覆,激光束垂直扫描并在扫描过程中侧吹N2保护,自然冷却得到重熔涂层,其中激光重熔采用CO2激光器,激光功率为7.8kW,光斑直径为3mm,扫描速度为800mm·min-1,激光重熔过程中氮气的流速为35L·h-1;
(6)在真空条件下,将步骤(5)所得产物进行退火处理,冷却即得钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层,其中退火处理的温度为600℃,退火处理时间为1h;
利用线切割机器将本实施例得到的钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层切割成块状,再以双氧树脂进行镶样,用不同粒度的砂纸制得金相试样,并用HF溶液腐蚀,本实施例钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层的SEM图如图1所示,从图1可知,裂纹率和夹杂很少,利用显微硬度仪测量涂层和TC4基材的硬度(如图5所示),从图5可知,本实施例的涂层区的平均硬度为1250HV0.2,是基材的硬度的3倍;并用摩擦磨损机测试耐磨性(如图6所示),从图6可知,本实施例的涂层区的磨损失重为3.91g,而基材的磨损失重为12.47g,涂层的耐磨性能比基材的耐磨性能优越。
实施例2:本实施例的激光熔覆复合粉为TiO2、SiO2、Al2O3、TiB2、Co、Sn、La、Ce的混合物,其中各组分的质量百分含量为TiO2 41%、SiO2 14%、Al2O3 17%、TiB2 17%、Co 9.1%、Sn0.1%、La 1%、Ce 0.8%;
激光熔覆复合粉在制备钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层中应用的方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将激光熔覆复合粉细磨至粒径为160目,加入粘接剂(粘接剂为无水乙醇、液体聚乙烯醇的混合物)混合均匀,再压制成30mm×4mm×2mm的条状、干燥得到预制层;
(2)将尺寸为40mm×10mm×6mm的TC4的表面进行打磨处理,去除表面氧化物等杂质;
(3)将步骤(1)所得预制层置于步骤(2)所得基材上,在真空、300℃条件下预热2.0h,用激光束对预覆预制层进行激光熔覆,激光束垂直扫描并在扫描过程中侧吹N2保护,自然冷却得到钛铝合金表面预熔涂层,其中激光熔覆采用CO2激光器,激光功率为3.0kW,光斑直径为2.5mm,扫描速度为350mm·min-1,激光熔覆过程中氮气的流速为18L·h-1;
(4)将步骤(3)所得钛铝合金表面预涂层进行擦拭清洗,将复合粉体热喷涂至钛铝合金表面预涂层上面得到热喷涂涂层,其中热喷涂涂层的厚度为0.5mm,复合粉体为B、Al、Ti、Ce的混合物,其中各组分的质量百分含量为B 13.5%,Al 34%,Ti 48%,Ce 4.5%;
(5)用激光束对步骤(4)所得热喷涂涂层进行激光熔覆,激光束垂直扫描并在扫描过程中侧吹N2保护,自然冷却得到重熔涂层,其中激光重熔采用CO2激光器,激光功率为8kW,光斑直径为3mm,扫描速度为820mm·min-1,激光重熔过程中氮气的流速为40L·h-1;
(6)在真空条件下,将步骤(5)所得产物进行退火处理,冷却即得钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层,其中退火处理的温度为800℃,退火处理时间为1h;
利用线切割机器将本实施例得到的钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层切割成块状,再以双氧树脂进行镶样,用不同粒度的砂纸制得金相试样,并用HF溶液腐蚀,本实施例钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层的SEM图如图2所示,从图2可知,裂纹夹杂较少,利用显微硬度仪测量涂层和TC4基材的硬度(如图5所示),从图5可知,本实施例的涂层区的平均硬度为1210HV0.2,约是基材的硬度的3倍;并用摩擦磨损机测试耐磨性(如图6所示),从图6可知,本实施例的涂层区的磨损失重为4.05g,而基材的磨损失重为12.47g,涂层的耐磨性能比基材的耐磨性能优越。
实施例3:本实施例的激光熔覆复合粉为TiO2、SiO2、Al2O3、TiB2、Co、Sn、La、Ce的混合物,其中各组分的质量百分含量TiO2 40.5%、SiO2 12.5%、Al2O3 18%、TiB2 16%、Co 9%、Sn2%、La 1%、Ce 1%;
激光熔覆复合粉在制备钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层中应用的方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将激光熔覆复合粉细磨至粒径为150目,加入粘接剂(粘接剂为无水乙醇、液体聚乙烯醇的混合物)混合均匀,再压制成30mm×4mm×2mm的条状、干燥得到预制层;
(2)将尺寸为40mm×10mm×6mm的TC4的表面进行打磨处理,去除表面氧化物等杂质;
(3)将步骤(1)所得预制层置于步骤(2)所得基材上,在真空、310℃条件下预热1.0h,用激光束对预覆预制层进行激光熔覆,激光束垂直扫描并在扫描过程中侧吹N2保护,自然冷却得到钛铝合金表面预熔涂层,其中激光熔覆采用CO2激光器,激光功率为5.0kW,光斑直径为2.0mm,扫描速度为460mm·min-1,激光熔覆过程中氮气的流速为30L·h-1;
(4)将步骤(3)所得钛铝合金表面预涂层进行擦拭清洗,将复合粉体热喷涂至钛铝合金表面预涂层上面得到热喷涂涂层,其中热喷涂涂层的厚度为0.6mm,复合粉体为B、Al、Ti、Ce的混合物,其中各组分的质量百分含量为B 13.0%,Al 32.0%,Ti52.0%,Ce3.0%;
(5)用激光束对步骤(4)所得热喷涂涂层进行激光熔覆,激光束垂直扫描并在扫描过程中侧吹N2保护,自然冷却得到重熔涂层,其中激光重熔采用CO2激光器,激光功率为6.5kW,光斑直径为2.5mm,扫描速度为860mm·min-1,激光重熔过程中氮气的流速为32L·h-1;
(6)在真空条件下,将步骤(5)所得产物进行退火处理,冷却即得钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层,其中退火处理的温度为700℃,退火处理时间为2h;
利用线切割机器将本实施例得到的钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层切割成块状,再以双氧树脂进行镶样,用不同粒度的砂纸制得金相试样,并用HF溶液腐蚀,本实施例钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层的SEM图如图3所示,从图3可知,裂纹夹杂较少,利用显微硬度仪测量涂层和TC4基材的硬度(如图5所示),从图5可知,本实施例的涂层区的平均硬度为1240HV0.2,约是基材的硬度的3倍;并用摩擦磨损机测试耐磨性(如图6所示),从图6可知,本实施例的涂层区的磨损失重为4.28g,而基材的磨损失重为12.47g,涂层的耐磨性能比基材的耐磨性能优越。
实施例4:本实施例的激光熔覆复合粉为TiO2、SiO2、Al2O3、TiB2、Co、Sn、La、Ce的混合物,其中各组分的质量百分含量TiO2 41%、SiO2 13%、Al2O3 18.5%、TiB2 16.5%、Co 9%、Sn1%、La 0.4%、Ce 0.6%;
激光熔覆复合粉在制备钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层中应用的方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将激光熔覆复合粉细磨至粒径为120目,加入粘接剂(粘接剂为无水乙醇、液体聚乙烯醇的混合物)混合均匀,再压制成30mm×4mm×2mm的条状、干燥得到预制层;
(2)将尺寸为40mm×10mm×6mm的TC4的表面进行打磨处理,去除表面氧化物等杂质;
(3)将步骤(1)所得预制层置于步骤(2)所得基材上,在真空、330℃条件下预热1.2h,用激光束对预覆预制层进行激光熔覆,激光束垂直扫描并在扫描过程中侧吹N2保护,自然冷却得到钛铝合金表面预熔涂层,其中激光熔覆采用CO2激光器,激光功率为4.5kW,光斑直径为2.5mm,扫描速度为380mm·min-1,激光熔覆过程中氮气的流速为25L·h-1;
(4)将步骤(3)所得钛铝合金表面预涂层进行擦拭清洗,将复合粉体热喷涂至钛铝合金表面预涂层上面得到热喷涂涂层,其中热喷涂涂层的厚度为0.7mm,复合粉体为B、Al、Ti、Ce的混合物,其中各组分的质量百分含量为B 16.0%,Al 34.6%,Ti 47.1%,Ce 2.3%;
(5)用激光束对步骤(4)所得热喷涂涂层进行激光熔覆,激光束垂直扫描并在扫描过程中侧吹N2保护,自然冷却得到重熔涂层,其中激光重熔采用CO2激光器,激光功率为6kW,光斑直径为2mm,扫描速度为670mm·min-1,激光重熔过程中氮气的流速为30L·h-1;
(6)在真空条件下,将步骤(5)所得产物进行退火处理,冷却即得钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层,其中退火处理的温度为600℃,退火处理时间为3h;
利用线切割机器将本实施例得到的钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层切割成块状,再以双氧树脂进行镶样,用不同粒度的砂纸制得金相试样,并用HF溶液腐蚀,本实施例钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层的SEM图如图4所示,从图4可知,裂纹夹杂较少,利用显微硬度仪测量涂层和TC4基材的硬度(如图5所示),从图5可知,本实施例的涂层区的平均硬度为1230HV0.2,约是基材的硬度的3倍;并用摩擦磨损机测试耐磨性(如图6所示),从图6可知,本实施例的涂层区的磨损失重为4.11g,而基材的磨损失重为12.47g,涂层的耐磨性能比基材的耐磨性能优越。
实施例5:本实施例的激光熔覆复合粉为TiO2、SiO2、Al2O3、TiB2、Co、Sn、La、Ce的混合物,其中各组分的质量百分含量为TiO2 39%、SiO2 15%、Al2O3 20%、TiB2 18%、Co 6%、Sn1%、La 0.5%、Ce 0.5%;
一种微波和超声波协同处理废氯化汞触媒的方法,具体步骤如下:
激光熔覆复合粉在制备钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层中应用的方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将激光熔覆复合粉细磨至粒径为150目,加入粘接剂(粘接剂为醋酸与液体聚乙烯醇的混合物)混合均匀,再压制成30mm×4mm×2mm的条状、干燥得到预制层;
(2)将尺寸为40mm×10mm×6mm的钛铝合金基材的表面进行打磨处理,去除表面氧化物等杂质;
(3)将步骤(1)所得预制层置于步骤(2)所得基材上,在真空、340℃条件下预热0.8h,用激光束对预覆预制层进行激光熔覆,激光束垂直扫描并在扫描过程中侧吹N2保护,自然冷却得到钛铝合金表面预熔涂层,其中激光熔覆采用CO2激光器,激光功率为3.5kW,光斑直径为2.6mm,扫描速度为380mm·min-1,激光熔覆过程中氮气的流速为24L·h-1;
(4)将步骤(3)所得钛铝合金表面预涂层进行擦拭清洗,将复合粉体热喷涂至钛铝合金表面预涂层上面得到热喷涂涂层,其中热喷涂涂层的厚度为0.6mm,复合粉体为B、Al、Ti、Ce的混合物,其中各组分的质量百分含量为B 14.2%,Al 33.5%,Ti 47.6%,Ce 4.7%;
(5)用激光束对步骤(4)所得热喷涂涂层进行激光熔覆,激光束垂直扫描并在扫描过程中侧吹N2保护,自然冷却得到重熔涂层,其中激光重熔采用CO2激光器,激光功率为6.5kW,光斑直径为2.4mm,扫描速度为 880mm·min-1,激光重熔过程中氮气的流速为 32L·h-1;
(6)在真空条件下,将步骤(5)所得产物进行退火处理,冷却即得钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层,其中退火处理的温度为680℃,退火处理时间为1.5h;
利用线切割机器将本实施例得到的钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层切割成块状,再以双氧树脂进行镶样,用不同粒度的砂纸制得金相试样,并用HF溶液腐蚀,从本实施例钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层的SEM图可知,裂纹夹杂较少。
实施例6:本实施例的激光熔覆复合粉为TiO2、SiO2、Al2O3、TiB2、Co、Sn、La、Ce的混合物,其中各组分的质量百分含量为TiO2 42%、SiO2 11%、Al2O3 17%、TiB2 19%、Co 9.7%、Sn0.8%、La 1.0%、Ce 1.0%;
一种微波和超声波协同处理废氯化汞触媒的方法,具体步骤如下:
激光熔覆复合粉在制备钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层中应用的方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将激光熔覆复合粉细磨至粒径为140目,加入粘接剂(粘接剂为醋酸与液体聚乙烯醇的混合物)混合均匀,再压制成30mm×4mm×2mm的条状、干燥得到预制层;
(2)将尺寸为40mm×10mm×6mm的钛铝合金基材的表面进行打磨处理,去除表面氧化物等杂质;
(3)将步骤(1)所得预制层置于步骤(2)所得基材上,在真空、320℃条件下预热1.5h,用激光束对预覆预制层进行激光熔覆,激光束垂直扫描并在扫描过程中侧吹N2保护,自然冷却得到钛铝合金表面预熔涂层,其中激光熔覆采用CO2激光器,激光功率为 4.5kW,光斑直径为 2.7mm,扫描速度为 400mm·min-1,激光熔覆过程中氮气的流速为 25L·h-1;
(4)将步骤(3)所得钛铝合金表面预涂层进行擦拭清洗,将复合粉体热喷涂至钛铝合金表面预涂层上面得到热喷涂涂层,其中热喷涂涂层的厚度为0.7mm,复合粉体为B、Al、Ti、Ce的混合物,其中各组分的质量百分含量为B 15.4%,Al 32.8%,Ti 48%,Ce 3.8%;
(5)用激光束对步骤(4)所得热喷涂涂层进行激光熔覆,激光束垂直扫描并在扫描过程中侧吹N2保护,自然冷却得到重熔涂层,其中激光重熔采用CO2激光器,激光功率为7.5kW,光斑直径为2.8mm,扫描速度为750mm·min-1,激光重熔过程中氮气的流速为36L·h-1;
(6)在真空条件下,将步骤(5)所得产物进行退火处理,冷却即得钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层,其中退火处理的温度为 720℃,退火处理时间为 2.5h;
利用线切割机器将本实施例得到的钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层切割成块状,再以双氧树脂进行镶样,用不同粒度的砂纸制得金相试样,并用HF溶液腐蚀,从本实施例钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层的SEM图可知,裂纹夹杂较少。
以上对本发明的具体实施方式作了详细说明,但是本发明并不限于上述实施方式,在本领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内,还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。
Claims (8)
1.一种激光熔覆复合粉,其特征在于:该复合粉为TiO2、SiO2、Al2O3、TiB2、Co、Sn、La、Ce的混合物,其中各组分的质量百分含量为TiO2 39~42%、SiO2 11~15%、Al2O3 17~20%、TiB2 16~21%、Co 6~9.7%、余量为Sn、La、Ce。
2.如权利要求1所述激光熔覆复合粉在制备钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层中的应用。
3.如权利要求1所述激光熔覆复合粉在制备钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层中应用的方法,其特征在于,具体步骤如下:
(1)将激光熔覆复合粉细磨至粒径不大于200目,加入粘接剂混合均匀,再压制成型、干燥得到预制层;
(2)将钛铝合金基材的表面进行打磨处理;
(3)将步骤(1)所得预制层置于步骤(2)所得基材上,在真空、300~350℃条件下预热0.5~ 2h,用激光束对预覆预制层进行激光熔覆,激光束垂直扫描并在扫描过程中侧吹N2保护,自然冷却得到钛铝合金表面预熔涂层;
(4)将步骤(3)所得钛铝合金表面预涂层进行擦拭清洗,将复合粉体热喷涂至钛铝合金表面预涂层上面得到热喷涂涂层,其中热喷涂涂层的厚度为0.5~0.8mm;
(5)用激光束对步骤(4)所得热喷涂涂层进行激光重熔,激光束垂直扫描并在扫描过程中侧吹N2保护,自然冷却得到重熔涂层;
(6)在真空条件下,将步骤(5)所得产物进行退火处理,冷却即得钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层。
4.根据权利要求3所述激光熔覆复合粉在制备钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层中应用的方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中粘接剂为无水乙醇和/或醋酸与液体聚乙烯醇的混合物。
5.根据权利要求3所述激光熔覆复合粉在制备钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层中应用的方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中激光熔覆的激光功率为3~5kW,光斑直径为2~3mm,扫描速度为330~460mm·min-1,激光熔覆过程中氮气的流速为18~30L·h-1。
6.根据权利要求3所述激光熔覆复合粉在制备钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层中应用的方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中复合粉体为B、Al、Ti、Ce的混合物,其中各组分的质量百分含量为B13%~16%,Al 32%~34.6%,Ti 47%~52%,Ce 2.3%~4.7%。
7.根据权利要求3所述激光熔覆复合粉在制备钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层中应用的方法,其特征在于:步骤(5)中激光重熔的激光功率为6~8kW,光斑直径为2~3mm,扫描速度为670~880mm·min-1,激光重熔过程中氮气的流速为30~40L·h-1。
8.根据权利要求3所述激光熔覆复合粉在制备钛铝合金表面耐磨涂层中应用的方法,其特征在于:步骤(6)中退火处理的温度为600~800℃,退火处理时间为1~3h。
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