CN107176647B - Microwave photocatalysis-ceramic membrane coupling purifier - Google Patents
Microwave photocatalysis-ceramic membrane coupling purifier Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/34—Organic compounds containing oxygen
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2101/38—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
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- C02F2101/40—Organic compounds containing sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/32—Details relating to UV-irradiation devices
- C02F2201/326—Lamp control systems
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts
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Abstract
The invention provides a microwave photocatalysis-ceramic membrane coupling water purifying device, and relates to the technical field of water treatment. A microwave photocatalysis-ceramic membrane coupling water purifying device comprises: a waste water circulating system, a microwave instrument, a waste water reaction chamber and a microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor. The microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor comprises a ceramic membrane tube, an electrodeless ultraviolet lamp arranged in the ceramic membrane tube channel and a photocatalyst coated on the inner surface of the ceramic membrane tube. The wastewater is simultaneously acted by a microwave field, ultraviolet light, a photocatalyst and a ceramic membrane, and the wastewater circularly flows in the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor through a wastewater circulating system, so that a good water purification effect is achieved. The microwave photocatalytic water treatment system has the advantages that microwave photocatalysis is combined with the ceramic membrane, the microwave field, the ultraviolet light and the catalyst are cooperated, and the ceramic membrane separation technology is combined, so that the microwave photocatalytic water treatment system has a remarkable effect on removing organic pollutants difficult to degrade in the wastewater, can be used for various fields of wastewater and drinking water treatment and the like, and guarantees the water quality safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water treatment, in particular to a microwave photocatalysis-ceramic membrane coupling water purifying device.
Background
With the rapid development of industry and agriculture, industries such as printing and dyeing, papermaking, coking, plastics, synthetic fibers and the like generate more and more organic matters which are difficult to degrade, and the problem of serious environmental pollution is caused. The pollutants comprise organic dyes, surfactants, antibiotics and the like, and have the characteristics of high toxicity, complex components, high chemical oxygen consumption and high degradation difficulty.
The photocatalysis technology becomes one of the research hotspots for treating the organic wastewater difficult to degrade. Under the irradiation of ultraviolet light or sunlight, the semiconductor catalyst can generate holes, the action of the holes and water molecules, generate hydroxyl radicals with strong oxidizing property, and effectively oxidize various organic matters in the wastewater. The inventor researches and discovers that the treatment efficiency of the photocatalytic technology can not reach the practical application level all the time. This is because the wide band gap semiconductor material is used as a photocatalyst, and it needs to absorb a large amount of energy to excite the electron transition of the valence band, so that the quantum efficiency is not high in the conventional photocatalysis.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a microwave photocatalysis-ceramic membrane coupling water purifying device which achieves a good water purifying effect by a synergistic degradation reaction of a microwave field, ultraviolet light and a catalyst and by combining a separation effect of a nanofiltration ceramic membrane.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a microwave photocatalysis-ceramic membrane coupling water purifying device, which comprises:
a wastewater circulation system for forming a wastewater circulation loop;
a microwave instrument for generating microwaves;
the waste water reaction chamber is arranged in the cavity of the microwave instrument and is provided with a water inlet for the waste water to enter and a water outlet for the purified waste water to discharge;
the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor is arranged in the wastewater reaction chamber and comprises a ceramic membrane tube and an electrodeless ultraviolet lamp arranged in a channel of the ceramic membrane tube, wherein the inner surface of the ceramic membrane tube is coated with a photocatalyst;
wastewater flows in the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor in a circulating way through a wastewater circulating system.
The microwave photocatalysis-ceramic membrane coupling water purifying device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
microwave irradiation is applied to the reaction device, so that the device not only can be used for lightening the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp, but also can utilize the microwave and other wastewater degradation means to form a synergistic effect, shorten the reaction time and improve the reaction efficiency.
The electrodeless ultraviolet lamp tubes are directly placed in each ceramic membrane tube by adopting an ultraviolet internal radiation mode, and the inner wall of each ceramic membrane tube is coated with the photocatalyst, so that each ceramic membrane tube becomes an independent microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor, the light collecting effect of the device is better, the catalyst can receive more sufficient ultraviolet radiation, and the photocatalytic efficiency is higher.
The wastewater circulating system enables wastewater to continuously circulate in the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor, thereby achieving good purification effect.
The microwave photocatalysis-ceramic membrane coupling water purifying device simultaneously carries out microwave photocatalysis and membrane separation treatment on the wastewater, and various degradation means are synergistic to achieve excellent treatment efficiency. And the design can realize microwave photocatalysis and ceramic membrane separation simultaneously in one set of device, the equipment integration level is high, the treatment effect is good, and the device has better application prospect in the fields of water plants, sewage plants, aquaculture, poultry farming, hospitals, pharmaceutical factories and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave photocatalytic-ceramic membrane coupled water purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of the wastewater reaction chamber of fig. 1.
The reference numerals are summarized as follows: 100-microwave photocatalysis-ceramic membrane coupling water purifying device; 10-a wastewater circulation system; 11-a water storage tank; 12-a circulation pump; 13-water outlet pipeline; 14-a water inlet pipeline; 15-a valve; 20-microwave instrument; 21-a magnetron; 30-a wastewater reaction chamber; 31-a water inlet; 32-a water outlet; 33-a flow distribution plate; 34-a through hole; 35-a cover plate; 36-a water outlet; 37-a flange; 40-microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor; 41-ceramic membrane tube; 42-electrodeless ultraviolet lamps; 43-photocatalyst.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the present invention, those whose specific conditions are not specified in the examples are conducted under the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The following describes a microwave photocatalytic-ceramic membrane coupled water purification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a microwave photocatalytic-ceramic membrane coupled water purification apparatus 100, including: a wastewater circulating system 10, a microwave instrument 20, a wastewater reaction chamber 30 and a microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40.
The waste water circulation system 10 includes a storage tank 11, a circulation pump 12, a water outlet pipe 13 and a water inlet pipe 14 for forming a circulation loop of waste water. The circulating pump 12 is disposed on the water inlet pipeline 14 or the water outlet pipeline 13 for providing power for the circulating flow of the wastewater. A valve 15 is arranged on the water outlet pipeline 13. When the valve 15 is opened, the wastewater in the storage tank 11 flows through the water outlet pipe 13 under the action of the circulating pump 12 and then enters the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40. The wastewater from the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40 enters the water inlet pipeline 14 and returns to the water storage tank 11 for circulating flow.
Make waste water form the circulation, waste water carries out dynamic filtration process, can accelerate the degradation rate of pollutant, and the circulation process can make waste water carry out degradation process many times, guarantees good water purification effect.
The microwave instrument 20 is a microwave generating device for providing microwaves to the reaction system. Specifically, a magnetron 21 is provided in the microwave apparatus 20, so that the cavity of the microwave apparatus 20 becomes a resonant cavity of the microwave. The frequency of the microwave is about 300MHz-300GHz, and the microwave has the property of electromagnetic wave. And microwave irradiation is applied, on one hand, the microwave irradiation is used for lightening the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 42, and no additional power supply device is needed to be added, so that the stable output of the ultraviolet light source is ensured. On the other hand, a microwave field is formed in the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40 to enhance the degradation effect on wastewater.
The waste water reaction chamber 30 is installed in the cavity of the microwave instrument 20 and is used for containing waste water to form a container for water purification reaction. In the embodiment of the present invention, the wastewater reaction chamber 30 is a transparent container, which facilitates observation of the water purification process and effective monitoring of the reaction process. Further preferably, the waste water reaction chamber 30 is a plexiglass reaction chamber. The organic glass is the most excellent material with the most price in transparent materials, is non-toxic and environment-friendly, has good chemical stability and weather resistance, and can fully meet the requirement of water purification.
The wastewater reaction chamber 30 has a water inlet 31 for allowing wastewater to enter the wastewater reaction chamber 30 and a water outlet 32 for discharging purified water. Preferably, the drain port 32 is provided at a side wall of the wastewater reaction chamber 30 so as to be discharged in time after the wastewater purification is completed. The water inlet 31 is arranged at the bottom of the waste water reaction chamber 30 and enters the waste water reaction chamber 30 under the action of the circulating pump 12. Further, the entire wastewater reaction chamber 30 is cylindrical, and the space can be sufficiently utilized.
The microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40 is installed in the wastewater reaction chamber 30 and includes a ceramic membrane tube 41, an electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 42 and a photocatalyst 43. The electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 42 is installed in the passage of the ceramic membrane tube 41, and the inner surface of the ceramic membrane tube 41 is coated with the photocatalyst 43.
An electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 42 is used as a light source of the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40. In the embodiment of the present invention, the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 42 is not provided with metal electrodes, does not need to be excited by electricity, but is excited by microwaves, and does not need electrodes. Compared with the traditional ultraviolet lamp, the microwave electrodeless ultraviolet lamp has the advantages of miniaturization of a light emitting tube, strong light, high light efficiency, long service life, low manufacturing cost, high design freedom, extremely few required replacement and maintenance times and suitability for occasions with difficult maintenance. In addition, the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 42 is directly excited by microwaves, so that the structure is simplified, the production cost is reduced, and the safety performance of the device is improved. In particular, the microwave electrodeless ultraviolet lamp has high radiation efficiency in an ultraviolet region, and is obviously superior to a common electrode low-pressure mercury lamp. The electrodeless ultraviolet lamp can emit ultraviolet light with main emission wavelength in UV-C wave band and VUV wave band under microwave excitation. The ultraviolet radiation with short wavelength has higher energy, can directly destroy the molecular structure of the pollutant and effectively remove the pollutant. Preferably, in the present embodiment, the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 42 is primarily filled with low pressure mercury vapor.
Meanwhile, an electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 42 excited by microwaves is directly disposed in the passage of the ceramic membrane tube 41. Compared with the prior art that a quartz sleeve needs to be arranged outside the ultraviolet lamp, the arrangement in the embodiment of the invention ensures that the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 42 is directly immersed in the wastewater in the water purification process, and the absorption of the wastewater to the ultraviolet light is promoted. In addition, the waste water in the ceramic membrane tube 41 forms a cooling device of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 42, and the service life of the device is effectively ensured.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 42 has an extension beyond wastewater reaction chamber 30. Further, the length of the extension part is 3-5 cm. The extension part is not contacted with liquid, so that the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 42 is ensured to receive sufficient microwave irradiation and can be stably lightened. Meanwhile, the phenomenon that the lamp cannot be lighted or the brightness of the ultraviolet lamp is low due to the fact that the waste water and the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 42 compete to absorb microwaves is avoided.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ceramic membrane in the ceramic membrane tube 41 is a nanofiltration ceramic membrane, and the pore diameter is less than or equal to 2 nm. The ceramic membrane can effectively carry out membrane separation on the wastewater, and most impurities are intercepted by the ceramic membrane under the action of external force. And the nanofiltration-level ceramic membrane can intercept organic matters and salts with small molecular weight and has good degerming effect.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ceramic membrane tube 41 is a single-channel ceramic membrane tube, and the inner diameter of the ceramic membrane tube 41 is preferably 1-8 cm, and more preferably 2-6 cm.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 42 is located substantially at the axial center of the ceramic membrane tube 41. The radial distance between the surface of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 42 and the inner wall of the ceramic membrane tube 41 is 1-3 cm.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material of the photocatalyst 43 is selected from TiO2ZnO, CdS, doped TiO2One or more of the semiconductor photocatalytic materials of (a). Further, the photocatalyst 43 is coated on the entire inner surface of the ceramic membrane tube 41. The photocatalyst 43 is selected to achieve a better catalytic effect. In particular, TiO2、ZnO、CdS、ZrO2The nano-scale semiconductor photocatalyst is coated on the inner surface of the ceramic membrane tube 41, and besides the photocatalysis function of the photocatalyst 43, a layer of nanofiltration membrane is formed on the inner surface of the ceramic membrane tube 41, so that the ceramic membrane tube 41 reaches the nanofiltration level, and the wastewater is effectively purified.
The electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 42 is disposed at the axial center position of the ceramic membrane tube 41, and the photocatalyst 43 is coated on the inner surface of the ceramic membrane tube 41. Ensuring that the wastewater and the photocatalyst 43 in the ceramic membrane tube 41 can sufficiently receive the radiation of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 42. The photocatalyst 43 can be irradiated by ultraviolet light at the position, and has high ultraviolet irradiation efficiency and high photocatalytic reaction efficiency.
The inventor researches and discovers that the distance between the ceramic membrane tube 41 and the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 42 can obviously influence the photocatalytic reaction efficiency. The too close distance between the two makes the amount of wastewater entering the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40 too small, and the water purification cost is high. If the distance between the two is too long, the ultraviolet irradiation efficiency of the wastewater and the photocatalyst 43 is greatly reduced, and the water purification efficiency is affected. When the radial distance between the surface of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 42 and the inner wall of the ceramic membrane tube 41 is 1-3 cm, the microwave ultraviolet light is ensured to efficiently penetrate through the wastewater, good radiation is formed on the photocatalyst 43, and the water purification efficiency is optimal.
The photocatalyst 43 can generate synergistic effect with the microwave, and the photocatalyst 43 generates more defects under the action of the microwave field. Due to the trap effect, the defects become the trapping centers of electrons or holes, reducing the recombination rate of the electrons and the holes. Meanwhile, the microwave can promote the generation of OH on the surface of the photocatalyst 43, and the photocatalytic efficiency is improved. The microwave field has a polarization effect on the photocatalyst 43, and can effectively enhance the light absorption on the surface of the photocatalyst 43. In addition, hydrogen bonds between water molecules in the microwave field are broken, so that the adsorption of wastewater on the surface of the photocatalyst 43 is inhibited, and the activity of the photocatalyst 43 is improved.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40 is vertically disposed in the wastewater reaction chamber 30, and wastewater enters the channel of the ceramic membrane tube 41 from the water inlet 31 at the bottom of the wastewater reaction chamber 30 under the action of the circulating pump 12, and the wastewater circularly moves in the channel, so that the wastewater forms cross-flow filtration on the inner surface of the ceramic membrane tube 41.
In the cross-flow filtration process, one part of wastewater is filtered in a tangential passing mode, and the other part of wastewater forms turbulence in the channel of the ceramic membrane tube 41, so that the inner surface of the ceramic membrane tube 41 is continuously washed, a small amount of solid matters attached to the membrane are taken away, the blockage of the ceramic membrane is effectively prevented, and the smooth operation of the membrane separation process is ensured.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, 5 to 9 microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactors 40, and more preferably 7 microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactors 40 are disposed in the wastewater reaction chamber 30. More preferably, two adjacent microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactors 40 are equally spaced. The distance between two adjacent microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactors 40 is preferably 2-5 cm.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a distribution plate 33 is disposed near the bottom of the wastewater reaction chamber 30. The microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40 is disposed on the flow distribution plate 33, the flow distribution plate 33 supports the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40, and the flow distribution plate 33 serves as a water inlet end of the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40. The flow distribution plate 33 is provided with through holes 34 for allowing wastewater to enter the ceramic membrane tubes 41.
The flow distribution plate 33 is provided with through holes 34 only at the bottom of the ceramic membrane tube 41, so that wastewater can enter the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40. The distribution plate 33 is otherwise of closed construction. Under this structure, the wastewater reaction chamber 30 forms 3 regions, a wastewater inlet region I located at the bottom of the wastewater reaction chamber 30, a wastewater reaction region II located in the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40, and a purified water holding region III located at the periphery of the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40. The wastewater inlet area I is only communicated with the wastewater reaction area II, and wastewater in the wastewater reaction area II enters the purified water containing area III through the ceramic membrane tube 41. The wastewater inlet zone I and the purified water holding zone III are isolated from each other. Ensuring that the water purified through the ceramic membrane tube 41 is not mixed with the wastewater entering the wastewater reaction chamber 30.
Further, the through-holes 34 are plural and are formed only in the bottom of the ceramic membrane tube 41. The aperture of the through hole 34 is 0.5-1 cm. Wastewater enters the wastewater reaction chamber 30 through the water inlet 31 and enters each microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40 through the through holes 34 only formed in the bottom of the ceramic membrane tube 41.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a cover plate 35 is disposed on the top of the wastewater reaction chamber 30, and the cover plate 35 is the water outlet end of the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40. The cover plate 35 is provided with a water outlet 36 for allowing wastewater to flow out of the ceramic membrane tube 41. The water outlets 36 correspond to the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40 in position and number. The presence of a plurality of microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactors 40 results in the formation of discrete water outlets 36 in the cover plate 35. Each water outlet 36 is connected to the water outlet pipeline 13, and the wastewater enters the water outlet pipeline 13 from the water outlet 36 at the top end of the microwave photocatalytic ceramic film reactor 40, returns to the water storage tank 11, and then enters the next cycle.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cover plate 35 is detachably connected to the waste water reaction chamber 30. In this embodiment, the cover plate 35 and the waste water reaction chamber 30 are connected by a flange 37. It is understood that in other embodiments of the present invention, the detachable connection may be a snap connection, a hinge connection, etc., but is not limited thereto.
The cover plate 35 and the wastewater reaction chamber 30 are detachably connected, so that the device is convenient to detach, clean, inspect and maintain, convenient to use and low in maintenance cost.
Furthermore, the contact positions of the cover plate 35, the ceramic membrane tube 41 and the wall of the wastewater reaction chamber 30 are sealed by rubber rings.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the valve 15 is controlled according to the degradation difficulty of the wastewater, and the residence time of the wastewater in the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40 is adjusted to achieve a better treatment effect. When the concentration of the wastewater is less than 0.4g/L, the flow rate of the wastewater is 12-15L/min; when the concentration of the wastewater is more than or equal to 0.4g/L and less than 0.8g/L, the flow rate of the wastewater is 8-12L/min; when the concentration of the wastewater is more than or equal to 0.8g/L, the flow rate of the wastewater is 4-8L/min.
The reaction process for water purification by using the microwave photocatalytic-ceramic membrane coupling water purification device 100 comprises the following steps:
in a certain amount of wastewater storage tank 11, a valve 15 and a circulating pump 12 are opened, and wastewater enters a channel of a ceramic membrane tube 41 through a water inlet pipeline 14, a water inlet 31 of a wastewater reaction chamber 30 and a flow distribution plate 33 in sequence. When the wastewater is recycled into the water storage tank 11 through a cycle, the microwave instrument 20 is started, and the reaction time is calculated after the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 42 is stably lighted. The wastewater to be treated flows vertically upward in each ceramic membrane tube 41, and a part of the reaction liquid penetrates the ceramic membrane tube 41 into the wastewater reaction chamber 30 and is discharged through the water discharge port 32 of the wastewater reaction chamber 30. The residual wastewater continues to be discharged upwards along the pipe wall of the ceramic film pipe 41 through the dispersion water outlet 36, and then is converged into the water storage tank 11 again through the water outlet pipeline 13 to circularly flow.
To sum up, the microwave photocatalytic-ceramic membrane coupled water purification device 100 is used for water purification, the ceramic membrane tube 41 is set to be in a single-channel form, the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 42 is arranged in the channel of the ceramic membrane tube 41, and the inner surface of the ceramic membrane tube 41 is coated with a photocatalyst layer. Each ceramic membrane tube 41 forms an independent microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40, so that the light collecting effect is better, the photocatalyst can receive more sufficient ultraviolet irradiation, and the photocatalytic effect is obviously improved. And an ultraviolet internal radiation mode is formed in the microwave photocatalytic ceramic film reactor 40, so that the photocatalyst 43 can receive more sufficient ultraviolet irradiation, and the photocatalytic efficiency is high.
The microwave and the ultraviolet have synergistic effect, the formation of hydroxyl free radicals in the reaction process can be accelerated, and the surface activity of the photocatalyst is improved. The microwave and the ultraviolet can simultaneously act on reactants, so that the molecular motion of the reactants is aggravated, the activation energy of the reaction is reduced, and the reaction speed is accelerated. The microwave can also induce the catalytic oxidation reaction of the wastewater, and has the advantages of quick oxidation, no new pollutant, time saving, energy saving and simplified operation procedure.
The microwave field, the ultraviolet light, the catalyst and the membrane separation technology are cooperated to solve the problem of low quantum efficiency of the traditional photocatalyst, promote the ultraviolet light absorption of the photocatalyst and the production of OH in a reaction system, shorten the reaction time and improve the pollutant degradation effect. The wastewater is subjected to microwave field, ultraviolet radiation, photocatalysis and nanofiltration ceramic membrane separation, and is continuously subjected to cyclic degradation, so that a good water purification effect is achieved.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a water purification method based on microwave photocatalysis-ceramic membrane coupling, which comprises the following steps:
s1: wastewater is made to circularly flow between the water storage tank 11 and the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40;
s2: the wastewater in the S1 undergoes a microwave field, ultraviolet light and catalyst synergistic degradation reaction in the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40, and simultaneously undergoes a ceramic membrane separation process;
s4: and (3) purifying part of the wastewater in the S3 by passing through a ceramic membrane, and allowing the rest wastewater to flow out of the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40 and then enter the water storage tank 11.
Specifically, the water purification method is implemented by using the microwave photocatalytic-ceramic membrane coupled water purification device 100. Wastewater circulates between the storage tank 11 and the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40 through the wastewater circulation system 10. The wastewater is filtered through flow distribution plate 33 and then enters microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40. The wastewater is subjected to a microwave field, ultraviolet light and catalyst synergistic degradation reaction in the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor 40, and a ceramic membrane separation process is simultaneously performed. The waste water is partially purified by ceramic membrane separation and discharged from the water outlet 32, and the rest waste water flows out of the distributed water outlet 36 and enters the water storage tank 11.
Further, in the wastewater purification process, the output power of the microwave is 300-700W. Furthermore, the microwave output power is 400-500W. Under the output power, on the one hand, the stable lighting of the inorganic ultraviolet lamp 42 can be ensured, and a good water purification effect is achieved. And under the effect that the good removal rate can be ensured under the power, excessive energy consumption is avoided.
Further, in the wastewater purification process, the ultraviolet light intensity rises along with the rise of the microwave power, and under the microwave power, the ultraviolet light intensity can be ensured to be sufficient, so that a better water purification effect can be achieved.
Test examples
A sulfamethoxazole solution with the initial concentration of 500 mu g/L is used as a reaction solution to simulate the water purification process. When the microwave, the ultraviolet radiation and the photocatalyst are adopted for the synergistic degradation, when the microwave power is 400W, the ultraviolet light intensity is 240 mu W/cm2And in the reaction of 140s, the removal rate of sulfamethoxazole can reach 96.7 percent. And the removal rate of sulfamethoxazole under the same conditions is 75.24 percent by only adopting ultraviolet irradiation without applying a microwave field on a reaction device.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A microwave photocatalysis-ceramic membrane coupling purifier which characterized in that includes:
a wastewater circulation system for forming a wastewater circulation loop;
a microwave instrument for generating microwaves;
the microwave instrument comprises a microwave instrument, a wastewater reaction chamber, a water inlet and a water outlet, wherein the microwave instrument is arranged in a cavity of the microwave instrument, the wastewater reaction chamber is provided with a water inlet for wastewater to enter and a water outlet for purified wastewater to discharge, the water inlet is arranged at the bottom of the wastewater reaction chamber, and the water outlet is arranged on the side wall of the wastewater reaction chamber;
the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactors are arranged in the wastewater reaction chamber and comprise ceramic membrane tubes and electrodeless ultraviolet lamps arranged in channels of the ceramic membrane tubes, and the inner surfaces of the ceramic membrane tubes are coated with photocatalysts; the ceramic membrane in the ceramic membrane tube is a nanofiltration ceramic membrane, and the aperture is less than or equal to 2 nm; the radial distance between the surface of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp and the inner wall of the ceramic membrane tube is 1-3 cm; the distance between every two adjacent microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactors is 2-5 cm;
a flow distribution plate is arranged at a position of the wastewater reaction chamber close to the bottom, the flow distribution plate is formed at the water inlet end of the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor, and the flow distribution plate is provided with a through hole for enabling wastewater to enter the ceramic membrane tube;
the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp is provided with an extension part which exceeds the wastewater reaction chamber, and the extension part is positioned in a cavity of the microwave instrument;
wastewater circularly flows in the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor through the wastewater circulating system, and enters the ceramic membrane tube from a water inlet at the bottom of the wastewater reaction chamber, so that the wastewater forms cross-flow filtration on the inner surface of the ceramic membrane tube;
when the concentration of the wastewater is less than 0.4g/L, setting the flow rate of the wastewater in the reactor to be 12-15L/min; when the concentration of the wastewater is more than or equal to 0.4g/L and less than 0.8g/L, setting the flow rate of the wastewater in the reactor to be 8-12L/min; when the concentration of the wastewater is greater than or equal to 0.8g/L, the flow rate of the wastewater in the reactor is set to be 4-8L/min.
2. The microwave photocatalytic-ceramic membrane coupled water purification device of claim 1, wherein the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactors are vertically arranged, and 5-9 microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactors are arranged in the wastewater reaction chamber.
3. The microwave photocatalytic-ceramic membrane coupled water purification device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ceramic membrane tube is a single-channel ceramic membrane tube, and the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp is located approximately at the axial center of the ceramic membrane tube.
4. The microwave photocatalytic-ceramic membrane coupled water purification device of claim 1, wherein the wastewater reaction chamber is provided with a cover plate, the cover plate is formed at the water outlet end of the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor, and the cover plate is provided with a water outlet for allowing wastewater to flow out of the ceramic membrane tube.
5. The microwave photocatalytic-ceramic membrane coupled water purification device of claim 1, wherein the wastewater circulating system comprises a water storage tank, a circulating pump, a water outlet pipeline connected to the water storage tank, and a water inlet pipeline, wherein wastewater flows through the microwave photocatalytic ceramic membrane reactor from the water outlet pipeline through the circulating pump and then enters the water storage tank through the water inlet pipeline to form a wastewater circulating loop.
6. The microwave photocatalytic-ceramic membrane coupled water purification device of claim 1, wherein the material of the photocatalyst is selected from TiO2ZnO, CdS, doped TiO2One or more of the semiconductor photocatalytic materials of (a).
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| CN109942126A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-06-28 | 陕西青朗万城环保科技有限公司 | A kind of microwave ultraviolet sewage-treatment plant and method |
| CN110092435B (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2024-04-12 | 北京石油化工学院 | Microwave-ultraviolet cooperated organic wastewater treatment system |
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