CN1071749A - The annealing device of bulk or granular material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the vertical kiln equipment that material and solid fuel mixture are heat-treated at fine and close gravity mobile layer, it is characterized in that being provided with in the preheating zone by one group of annular feed leakage bucket and comply with the matched heat exchanger of forming on the support that is packed in of level with coaxial inner conductor, the distributing trough of distributing device links in its upper end first order annular feed leakage bucket and the material storing room.This heat exchanger essence is individual exactly can to make furnace gas motion multithread skewing mechanism, when material passes through therein, just can fully contact preheating and evaporate moisture with furnace gas, avoid directly falling into clinkering zone and caused explosion and spallation, reduce EGT and dust, saving energy consumption, increased output, product quality height.

Description

The annealing device of bulk or granular material

The present invention relates to mineral material (hereinafter to be referred as material), after solid fuel mixes, the vertical kiln equipment of in the gravity mobile layer of densification, heat-treating, particularly a kind of heat-treating apparatus to bulk or granular material.

Usually, material in the annealing device of packing into, relies on its gravity with after solid fuel mixes, and successively experiences preheating successively, burns till, sintering and to the air-blast cooled heat treatment process of its finished product.The common device that bulk or pellet are heat-treated all includes charging, cloth, preheating, burns till and salband (seeing Zhang Baihon " cement " 12 phase of nineteen ninety 34-36 page or leaf, Chinese edition).The problem of its existence is: in order to improve output, be when guaranteeing that the crosspiece face speed of burning till is more evenly strengthened air blast increasing intake in the stove, clinkering zone just prolongs and moves to the top of device, the result will cause the height of preheating zone to shorten, be difficult to make full use of the waste heat of waste gas, cause the temperature of the waste gas of discharging to rise, expend fuel, and increase pernicious gas and emitting of dust and contaminated air.In this case, the material of being packed into will inevitably fall into high temperate zone immediately, make the rapid evaporation of moisture in the material and cause bulk or granular material explosion and spallation, formed fine powder, as easy as rolling off a logly cram gap between bulk materials, the moving power of material bed hollow air-flow sharply increases in the device thereby cause, and has reduced the circulation amount of contact of the air that blasts and material, has influenced the production capacity of installing on the contrary.In order to utilize waste heat, control dust and discharge of harmful gases are just had to increase and are adorned expensive Special Equipment, add expansion chamber, cyclone dust collectors or electric cleaner etc.

Task of the present invention, be to disclose a kind ofly can reduce explosion and spallation to dropping into block or granular material in the stove, the exhaust gas discharged temperature is low, dust is few, save energy consumption, product quality height, can increase the novel material annealing device of output.

The material annealing device that the present invention mentions is the same with common shaft kiln, also be partly to constitute by material storing room, preheating zone, clinkering zone, salband and discharger etc., different is: be provided with heat exchanger in the preheating zone, this heat exchanger is made up of according to matched being packed on the support of level with same axial line one group of annular feed leakage bucket, and the first order annular feed leakage bucket of heat exchanger upper part and the distributing trough of the distributing device in the material storing room are matched.Install to the block or granular material in the material storing room, leak the hopper mouth by the annular on material storing room's bottom part, flow to the first order annular feed leakage bucket at position, heat exchanger upper end, begin by first order annular feed leakage bucket again, fall next stage annular feed leakage bucket successively step by step, fall into clinkering zone at last, so just prolonged material and fallen clinkering zone, i.e. time of the process by the preheating zone from material storing room.

Because between per two annular feed leakage buckets, the intracavity space that all leaves space and heat exchanger is directly spacious logical, so in fact this heat exchanger is exactly one can make the device that hot gas motion multithread intersects in the stove.Material is when the preheating zone, just can be repeatedly with stove in rise, pre-hot waste gas of discharging fully contacts, so material is just heated gradually, contained moisture also is evaporated gradually, and the EGT of coming out of the stove also just is lowered greatly.When material fell into clinkering zone, the moisture that body contained is few, and temperature was also quite high to ignoring, and this has just reduced the explosion and the spallation of material, thereby had avoided the formation of producer spray and reduction powder.Meanwhile, because the hole of storeroom is bigger in the stove, the resistance of air movement reduces relatively, so just can strengthen air blast in the stove, and can guarantee the uniformity that material burns till, and improves the quality of product greatly, increases output, reduces the consumption of fuel.

Below, by accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the present invention is described in detail.

Accompanying drawing 1 is a general structure schematic diagram of the present invention.

Bulk or granular material and solid fuel mixture after the material storing room of packing into (1), in stove be move with gravity and successively be dried, preheating, burn till, sintering, cooling etc. be heat treated.The material speed that move (2) in the preheating zone and at the ratio of clinkering zone (3) translational speed, generally be to get 2.0-2.9, and, guarantee that again burning is normal in salband (4) cooling, air pressure by junction pipe (5) blasts generally all is not less than 0.025MPa.The upper limit of blast pressure, the circulation of air condition that must can form according to the hole situation of material compacted zone is determined.

The ratio of the cross section of clinkering zone (4) and annular funnel (8) outlet is preferably got 2.0-6.0.Because the height of heat exchanger in stove is limited, less than lower limit, promptly material is too short by the heat exchanger time as if this ratio, and perhaps material moves down excessive velocities, just is difficult to fully contact with furnace gas in preheating zone (3), obtains adding gentle transpiring moisture; And this ratio then can locate to occur material suspension phenomenon in annular feed leakage bucket (8) greater than 6.0.

The distribution situation of the furnace air resistance of motion is uneven, and the place is bigger in the middle part, and edge is less, and therefore the bed depth that should keep edge as far as possible evenly distributes on the cross section so that furnace gas stream is pressed in the stove greater than middle part in the stove.Suitably choose the average diameter of annular feed leakage bucket (8) and the ratio of clinkering zone (4) diameter, just can guarantee that heat converter structure is reasonable in design, can reach the purpose that makes the even distribution of furnace gas stream pressure in the stove again, the ratio of the average diameter of annular feed leakage bucket (8) and clinkering zone (4) internal diameter is 0.7-1.10 preferably.

For guaranteeing the smooth and easy at different levels annular feed leakage bucket (8) of material energy by heat exchanger, the unlikely again inner chamber and the outside of falling heat exchanger, the interior sidewall surface of annular feed leakage bucket (8) inner ring and outer ring (10) should become 60-80 ° inclination angle with horizontal plane, and the cross section of annular feed leakage bucket (8) is to be down truncated cone shape.The inner ring (9) of annular feed leakage bucket (8) and outer ring (10) all are to make of the material of high temperature resistance, wear-resisting wiping, are separately fixed on the support.The ratio of the pitch between the axial height of annular feed leakage buckets at different levels (8) and the adjacent annular feed leakage bucket (8), preferably get 0.8-1.3, distance is too big between the annular feed leakage buckets at different levels, material is just easily fallen the inner chamber and the outside of heat exchanger, and distance is too little, will influence furnace gas and enter in the bucket, make fully preheating of material.For forcing furnace gas to flow in the annular feed leakage buckets at different levels (8), inner chamber and outside at heat exchanger, horizontal some internal partitions (12) and external partitions (13) adorned at interval brokenly all, internal partition (12) also can increase the rigidity intensity of whole heat exchanger, and external partition (13) can guarantee the installation stability of heat exchanger in stove.The heat exchanger installation site, its axial line overlaps with the axial centerline of clinkering zone (4) and salband (5), and is on the extensions position of latter's axial centerline.After the distributing trough (2) of the distributing device of heat exchanger upper end position first order annular feed leakage bucket (8) and material storing room is matched, should bump and scrape fault.

Discharger (7) is contained in the bottom of whole device, in order to draw off finished product.

Claims (3)

1, the annealing device of a kind of bulk or granular material, it is made of parts such as material storing room (1), preheating zone (3), clinkering zone (4), salband (5) and dischargers (7), it is characterized in that in preheating zone (3), be provided with heat exchanger, heat exchanger is made up of with matched successively being packed on the support (11) of same axial line one group of annular feed leakage bucket (8), and the first order annular feed leakage bucket (8) at position, heat exchanger upper end and the distributing trough (2) of the distributing device in the material storing room (1) are matched.

2, the annealing device of bulk according to claim 1 or granular material, the ratio that it is characterized in that the cross section that clinkering zone (4) and annular feed leakage bucket (8) export is got 2.0-6.0, and the ratio of the average diameter of annular feed leakage bucket (8) and clinkering zone (4) internal diameter is got 0.7-1.10.

3, annealing device according to claim 1 and 2 described bulks or granular material, it is characterized in that: the inner ring (9) of annular feed leakage bucket (8) and the interior sidewall surface of outer ring become the 60-80 inclination angle with horizontal plane, the cross section of annular feed leakage bucket (8) is down truncated cone shape, inner ring (9) and outer ring (10) of annular feed leakage bucket (8) are packed in respectively on the support (11), the ratio of the pitch between the axial height of annular feed leakage buckets at different levels (8) and the adjacent annular feed leakage bucket (8) is to get 0.8-1.3, in the inner chamber and the outside of heat exchanger, at interval horizontal dress person internal partition (12) and external partition (13) brokenly.

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