CN1071744A

CN1071744A - A kind of burner apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN1071744A
Application number: CN92111684.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 约翰尼斯·将
Original assignee: D & C Engineering Bv
Current assignee: D & C Engineering Bv
Priority date: 1991-10-11
Filing date: 1992-10-12
Publication date: 1993-05-05
Also published as: MY108051A; GB2263758A; ATE154684T1; GB9121648D0; DE69220446D1; WO1993007421A1; GB2263758B; EP0537027B1; EP0607239A1; GB2263758A8; GB9221245D0; NZ244662A; TW218033B; AU670248B2; EP0537027A1; AU2694492A

Abstract

A kind of burner apparatus that utilizes the waste material energy, it comprises: the vaporizer and combustion chamber (2 and 3) that are connected by a medial compartment (4), at least the surrounding air of burning usefulness is imported the inlet (5) of medial compartment (4), and as the device (6) for the surrounding air of burning usefulness in the passage of this burner apparatus inside and outside wall of cooling and heating inlet port (5).

Description

A kind of burner apparatus

The present invention relates to a kind of burner apparatus, particularly a kind of combustion residue that is used for is with the heat that utilizes its generation burner apparatus as a heat energy.

Inexpensive and handle waste material effectively with the protection environment and as aspect a kind of energy, the use of this burner all is very important to the third world and developed country.Unfortunately, this burner of the prior art solid fuel of utmost point limited kinds that only can burn.Therefore, only there is the minority user can utilize the waste material of handling to make fuel, perhaps in order to provide the required fuel of generation heat must buy this class waste material.

Therefore the objective of the invention is to attempt to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming.

Burner apparatus provided by the invention comprises: the vaporizer and the combustion chamber that are connected by a medial compartment, and the inside and outside wall of cooling combustion apparatus and heating enter the device for the environmental chamber gas of burning usefulness in the passage of inlet.

The device of described cool burner comprises a chuck by air.This just provides the suitable simple but effective method of a kind of cooling combustion apparatus and heating environment air.

Described inlet comprises a louver board, and this structure just provides a kind of controlled air inlet of regulating according to required air quantity.This louver board can be positioned in the suitable position that is adjacent to the charging aperture in the fuel feeder.This just provides a kind of very compact structure.

Described vaporizer comprises the dark chamber of a well formula, a grid is arranged in its bottom.

Described combustion chamber comprises that one is used for the cylindrical chamber of Cyclonic burning, and it can make the fuel completing combustion of being supplied with.

Described vaporizer and combustion chamber can adapt to expansion or the contraction that thermal change causes; This is to solve by this arrangement that above-mentioned chamber is installed on the slide device.So just can guarantee when existence between the described chamber produces the difference expansion owing to thermal change or shrinks, can not damage burner apparatus.

Therefore this slide device comprises that one is bearing in the frame base of the burner apparatus on the roller that is fixed, and described roller is fixed on the basis, expands and when shrinking, said apparatus is moved with respect to the basis.This is a kind of quite simply and effectively mounting means.

Described burner apparatus also further comprises an air inlet that the air of third level burning usefulness is provided.This structure provides condition for increase the combustion air amount in needs.

Most combustion air can be inhaled into the intermediate combustion chamber and be provided with making at least temperature maintenance in vaporizer than low value.Can avoid the distortion of device like this and make it to be kept perfectly harmless.

In use, can to maintain than its core be on the low temperature to the wall temperature of combustion chamber.This has just been avoided the distortion of device once more.

Device also is provided with one makes air enter the air conduit that vaporizer is positioned at the grid upstream.

This conduit can comprise the manifold of a bifurcated, and this is for making manufacturing and installing more or less freely.

The part of described manifold is to tilt to the air inlet pipe of grid upstream, and this is for air supply more easily.

Thereby a sensor also can be set be used to detect the air capacity of the variation control of the flame color on grid along the conduit supply.Sensor is used to control burner apparatus.By the control assembly of device, this sensor not only can be controlled the quantity delivered of air but also can control the burnt fuel amount and fuel drops to exact position on the grid.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the most preferred embodiment of burner apparatus of the present invention is done concrete description.

Fig. 1 is the side view of first embodiment of apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the vertical view of the device of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the view of arrow ' A ' the direction gained at Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are respectively the side view and the vertical views of the part of the second embodiment of the present invention.

With reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 3, wherein identical parts all adopt identical label.Burner apparatus 1 shown in the figure comprises vaporizer 2 and the burner 3 that is linked by a medial compartment 4, and cools off the outer wall of described device 1 and the interior device 6 that supplies the surrounding air of burning usefulness of passage of heating inlet port 5.

The described vaporizer or first Room 2 are the chambers that a deep-well shape of the solid-fuelled grid 7 that can accept different shape and size is arranged in its bottom.Described grid 7 is grids of being made up of two parts flat rod, and grid has the pipeline that single or double joint is used to supply with elementary air.The main air inflow of air is regulated by this way: controlling the temperature of first combustion phases and remaining on alap temperature value is like this when using agriculture material to make fuel especially with the sintering of the ash content that prevents to produce in the combustion process.So just can produce gasification.

The device 1 have one so as to fuel feed to grid 7 often drive into the mouth 8 and one the grid bottom in order to ash content is sent from the conveyer 9 of device 1.Described medial compartment 4 is the transition chambers between first Room 2 and second Room 3, and it is horizontally disposed and feed-in tangentially is essentially in second combustion chamber 3 of tubular.This medial compartment 4 is injection second combustion chamber 3 on whole length almost.

Air inlet 5 is used for the air that is used to burn is imported medial compartment 4, and it is a louver board that is adjacent to fuel inlet 8.The outlet 10 that to discharge from the heat of second Room 3 and flame is arranged, and outlet 10 is coaxial with chamber 3.Described

combustion chamber

2,3 and 4 is packaged in the housing 11, in housing by from but air of the environment of the work of cooling fan 12 cooling usefulness.This device 1 also is mounted in one can be when thermal expansion and contraction on the transportable frame base 13, this moving is achieved by being arranged on the slide device 14 that comprises a footing 15 on the roller 16, promptly footing can move on roller when expanding with heat and contract with cold, therefore and, say that it fixes because roller 16 is fastened on the base (as the base of a bracket).Contiguous this outlet has an air inlet 17 that third level air capacity is provided, and it comprises an automatic damper of adjusting according to concrete fuel type.

Described outlet 10 also can be connected with the heat that utilizes burner apparatus to be produced with other device.For example outlet 10 can comprise that the power set of steam boiler or crops drying system link to each other with one, and the two all has blower fan that combustion gas is taken out through said system, and provides second level combustion air for installing 1 interior fuel phase I and second stage burning.Burner apparatus itself does not just need chimney or air inducing fan like this, yet this fan also can be used on the occasion that this device only is used as combustion residue.

When operative installations, fuel is to be added on the grid 7 by its charging aperture 8, and elementary air inlet is partly passed through at this, makes the fuel on the grid 7 become fluid bed.Fuel is to ignite removable burning torch when seeing flame front by the burning torch that inserts.Illustrated fan 12 is above-mentioned air inducing fans.After flame front was set up, red-hot gasification gas thing was just vertically upward by transition chamber 4.The flame heat locular wall, and locular wall is by the cooling of the cooling air in chuck 6, cool off air itself and be heated this moment.Heated air is inhaled into through louver board 5, because the temperature of this air ratio flame is low, it just forms a protective layer around between flame and device wall, and protective bulkhead makes it to avoid being exposed under the too much heat.Meanwhile heated air helps burning and particulate matter is remained in the flame, so particulate matter just can also also not protected device by the described wall of brushing thus.

Before combustion gas and flame feed second combustion chamber 3,, in the 2nd combustion chamber, there be the air inlet 17 of more incandescent chamber gas by third level air to enter and promote completing combustion correspondingly at medial compartment generating unit divided combustion.Combustion system in second combustion chamber is a Cyclonic, and it has the passage of flame of a length and produces quite high temperature (more than 2000 ℃) at its core.This has just guaranteed particulate matter completing combustion effectively; Particulate matter is to screw in the bottom in the cyclone type flame and continued to be retained in indoor, and therefore, particulate matter can not flow out outlet 10, so just can not damage the equipment in downstream.When the burning that is used for as the boiler of upstream device, the downstream of this second combustion chamber 3 is equipped with an open type fire of introducing or enter above-mentioned generator tube and is fallen into nozzle.Fire falls into just to spiral along the generator tube length direction by nozzle and enters, and produces the combustion that is similar to fuel nozzle or jet for gas thus.

Described chamber the 2,3, the 4th is made by high-quality stainless steel, and chuck is the mild steel chuck 6 of an external insulation, and ambient, cool air is introduced into described chuck 6 before flowing through louver board.Because the protective layer effect of the cooling air that was preheated that burns efficiently and enter,

chamber

2,3,4 does not just need the inwall of refractory lining.

The air of most of burning usefulness is supplied with by shutter 5, and remainder is by air inlet, grid 7 and guarantees that combustion process finishes the required third level air inlet 17 as the replenish air amount of completing combustion and provide, through only staying carbon monoxide and the unburned material in flame minute quantity, in passage and/or the flue gas after the completing combustion.

Described burner 1 comprises a console panel 18.

Now see also another embodiment 100 shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, everyly all represent with identical numbering with the identical parts shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 3.Fig. 4 and Figure 5 shows that one leads to the intake mechanism of vaporizer 2, it is to constitute by a carrier pipe or as the primary air air inlet pipe 110 of gasification, and combustion, air inlet pipe 110 is from the basic component 103 of air inlet 102 bifurcateds to walk around device 100; Later on bifurcated pipe 104 and 105 reconsolidates and enters into air inlet pipe 106; This air inlet pipe extends on the whole width of grid 7 of vaporizer 2 basically, can see particularly from Fig. 4, it is level basically that described bifurcated pipe begins to have one section pipeline 107 from air inlet pipe 102, and it stretches to tilting section 108, and 108 sections stretch to air inlet 106 more then; Pipeline section 108 is with respect to be inclined upwardly 17 ° inclination angle of horizontal direction in the present embodiment.

Described air inlet pipe 101 is come adiabatic by outsourcing heat guard such as glass fibre, refractory material and similar material.Air inlet pipe 102, pipeline 101 and air inlet pipe 106 are by rights as link together with nut, bolt and flange 110.

In use, the primary air that is used for gasification, and combustion arrives air inlet pipe 106 from air inlet pipe 102 by bifurcated pipe 101, is supplied to grid 7 and lowly then rises, and (from Fig. 4) is by the grid 7 of vaporizer 2.Gasification rate be by the flame in the vaporizer 2 color determined, be by the air capacity control by grid 7 upwards.And flame color is to depend on by fuel inlet 8 to join fuel quantity on the grid 7.Flame color is measured by a color electronic sensor, this sensor and then control an air feeder such as fan and control the air capacity that enters.If the color of flame is Huang/blueness, represent that then the oxidation of air feed burning is too many, at this moment controller just works to reduce the chamber throughput.If flame color takes on a red color, survey oxygen that expression supplies with very little, and need to increase air inflow.With this control mode indoor temperature is controlled in 700 ℃ of-800 ℃ of scopes that are fit to the gasification needs.(burning generally occurs in about 1100 ℃.）

If when using cold air as the feeding air, just can avoid actual burning and realize gasification, be understood that the starting stage just burning will produce too high temperature.

Like this, in all embodiments, material of being supplied with such as available wooden splint are example, and burning divides three phases to carry out.In the phase I, be the gasifying stage in chamber 2, at this moment, give out the solid fuel of gaseous mixture from (steel) grid 7.In the 2nd stage, described all gases mixes mutually with the surrounding air that has been preheated and above at the bottom of the grid and/or in described medial compartment 4 internal combustion.In the phase III, in combustion chamber 3, carry out the completing combustion of fuel and immobilized particles in the cyclone mode, in fact it is a fluid bed.The primary air charge flow rate as described in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 embodiment, is conditioned continuously; Second level air stream is determined with the fuel feed amount of mixing mutually around the ambient, cool air of combustion chamber 4.In the phase III, can provide third level air inlet by a stream of ambient air control valve 17 obviously.Like this, utilize the process of three phases to finish burning, its final stage is that cyclone type carries out, and like this, efficiency of combustion can bring up to almost 100%, and its advantage is to make exhaust phase when purifying.This is to be realized by second level high-temp combustion and the residence time that is extended in cyclone chamber, so for example when using plastics and polyvinyl chloride to make raw material, just can guarantee to destroy PCB wherein.Describe as top,, this means any device that is positioned at the downstream because its combustion process is controlled, also can be correspondingly controlled as heated boiler.

Claims

1, a kind of burner apparatus that utilizes the waste material energy, it is characterized in that comprising vaporizer (2) and combustion chamber (3) that link to each other by a medial compartment (4), at least an import (5) that enters the surrounding air that supplies burning usefulness of medial compartment (4), and lead to device in import (5) passage for the surrounding air of burning usefulness in order to the inside and outside wall that cools off described device (1,100) and heating.

2, burner apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described device (6) comprises one in order to the chuck by air.

3, burner apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, this import (5) comprises a louver board.

4, burner apparatus as claimed in claim is characterized in that described louver board (5) is adjacent to one the charging aperture of fuel supply system (8).

5, burner apparatus as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, this vaporizer (2) comprises a shaft furnace chamber that has grid (4) in its bottom.

6,, it is characterized in that this combustion chamber 3 comprises that one is used for the cylindrical chamber of cyclone type burning as claim 4 or 5 described burner apparatus.

7, the described burner apparatus of arbitrary as described above claim is characterized in that expansion and contraction that described vaporizer (2) and combustion chamber (3) are adapted to be produced by the variation of heat.

8, burner apparatus as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, this vaporizer (2) and combustion chamber (3) are installed on the slide device (13) of expansion that adaptation causes by thermal change or contraction.

9, burner apparatus as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that this slide device (13) comprises that one is bearing in the fixing base (15) of the framework of the device (1,100) on the roller (16).

10, the described burner apparatus of arbitrary as described above claim is characterized in that the air inlet (17) of the third level air that in addition aftercombustion is used.

11, the described burner apparatus of arbitrary as described above claim, the air of the major part of the usefulness that it is characterized in that burning are inhaled into described medial compartment (4) thereby make temperature maintenance in the vaporizer in a lower value at least.

12, burner apparatus as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that in use, and the wall temperature that the quilt in combustion chamber (3) is kept is low than core temperature.

13, the described burner apparatus of arbitrary as described above claim is characterized in that comprising that the upstream of a grid in vaporizer (2) (7) introduces air the air conduit (101) of vaporizer (2).

14, burner apparatus as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that this air conduit (101) comprises the pipeline (104,105) of bifurcated.

15, burner apparatus as claimed in claim 14, a section (108) that it is characterized in that air conduit (101) are that the air inlet pipe (106) to the upstream that is positioned at grid (7) tilts.

16, burner apparatus as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that comprising a flame color that is used to detect grid top, with the sensor of control along the air capacity of air hose supply.