CN107171527B - Excitation topological structure of non-uniform block type permanent magnet linear synchronous motor and design method - Google Patents
Excitation topological structure of non-uniform block type permanent magnet linear synchronous motor and design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107171527B CN107171527B CN201710435868.8A CN201710435868A CN107171527B CN 107171527 B CN107171527 B CN 107171527B CN 201710435868 A CN201710435868 A CN 201710435868A CN 107171527 B CN107171527 B CN 107171527B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
- H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
- H02K41/03—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors
- H02K41/031—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors of the permanent magnet type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/03—Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/06—Magnetic cores, or permanent magnets characterised by their skew
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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Abstract
The invention provides a non-uniform sectional type permanent magnet linear synchronous motor excitation topological structure which comprises a secondary magnetic yoke, wherein permanent magnets are arranged on the secondary magnetic yoke, and the permanent magnets in one polar distance are alternately arranged in an N pole and an S pole; the lower permanent magnet of each pole adopts a non-uniform block structure, and adjacent permanent magnet blocks are separated by magnetic isolation blocks. The width of each permanent magnet block under each pole is sequentially decreased from the middle to the two ends according to an equal ratio sequence. The permanent magnet adopts a non-uniform even-number block topological structure or a non-uniform odd-number block topological structure. The invention also provides a design method of the excitation topological structure of the uniform block type permanent magnet linear synchronous motor. The non-uniform block type topological structure has the characteristics of improved air gap magnetic density sine, small output voltage harmonic content, small electromagnetic force fluctuation and stable motor operation; according to the method, an optimization interval is obtained by adopting an orthogonal optimization method for design variables, and an optimal solution of an optimization target is obtained through the limitation of constraint conditions; the algorithm is simple and reliable, and has high speed and high precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optimization design of permanent magnet linear motors, and relates to a non-uniform block type permanent magnet linear synchronous motor excitation topological structure and an optimization design method thereof.
Background
In recent years, due to the rapid development of the modern precision manufacturing industry, the microelectronic manufacturing industry and other industries, multiple requirements of high acceleration, high speed and high precision are put forward for the modern numerical control machine tool. The direct drive by adopting a permanent magnet synchronous linear motor (PMLSM) is one of necessary ways for realizing high acceleration, high speed and high precision of a numerical control machine tool. At present, the design variable optimization of a general permanent magnet motor is mainly to determine the initial values of the design variables according to the performance requirements of the motor and a size power equation, and then to select the design variable optimization interval according to design experience and reference documents.
However, the existing permanent magnet synchronous linear motor has the following problems:
1. the inherent thrust fluctuation weakening method reduces the thrust fluctuation, simultaneously reduces the power density of the motor, influences the performance of a motor system and weakens the advantages of the motor in engineering application.
2. Compared with a rotating motor, the permanent magnet synchronous linear motor can generate heat more easily, the air gap of the motor is small, and the heat generated by the primary winding is easy to conduct to the permanent magnet, so that the working temperature of the permanent magnet is higher. The long-term operation can even cause the problems of the damage of the motor insulation, the reduction of the maximum rated thrust of the motor, the small overload capacity and the like.
3. In the optimization design of the permanent magnet motor partitioning technology, when the number of design variables and the number of constraint conditions are large and each design variable is possibly correlated with each other, the accuracy of design calculation needs to be further improved.
2. In the optimization design process, in order to obtain the optimal value of the design variable, the initial optimization interval of the design variable is generally selected greatly, which results in the consumption of a large amount of calculation time, the influence on the optimization efficiency, the large step length and the reduction of the accuracy of the optimization value of the design variable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of reducing the influence of thrust fluctuation on the running stability of a motor, improving the air gap flux density sine characteristic, reducing the content of the ratio of higher harmonics to fundamental waves and improving the efficiency and the response speed of the motor.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is to provide an excitation topological structure of a non-uniform sectional type permanent magnet linear synchronous motor, which is characterized in that: the permanent magnet motor comprises a secondary magnetic yoke, wherein permanent magnets are arranged on the secondary magnetic yoke, and the permanent magnets in one polar distance are alternately arranged in an N pole and an S pole; the method is characterized in that: the lower permanent magnet of each pole adopts a non-uniform block structure, and adjacent permanent magnet blocks are separated by magnetic separation blocks.
Preferably, the width of each permanent magnet block under each pole is gradually reduced from the middle to the two ends.
Preferably, the width of each permanent magnet block under each pole is sequentially reduced from the middle to the two ends according to an equal ratio sequence.
Preferably, the permanent magnet adopts a non-uniform odd block topology, namely: under each pole, the width of the permanent magnet block at the middle is the largest, and the width of each permanent magnet block is gradually reduced from the middle to the two ends.
Preferably, the permanent magnet adopts a non-uniform even-numbered block topology, namely: under each pole, the width of the two permanent magnet blocks at the middle is equal and the maximum, and the width of each permanent magnet block is gradually reduced from the middle to the two ends.
Preferably, an air gap is arranged between the permanent magnet and the primary stator of the motor on the corresponding side.
Preferably, the permanent magnet is connected to an external drive device for effecting the axial reciprocating movement.
Preferably, the magnetic field of the permanent magnet forms a loop through a primary stator core of the motor and is linked with a primary winding of the motor, and the air gap magnetic field is distributed in a sine shape along the axial direction; the permanent magnet adopts a non-uniform block structure to adjust the air gap flux density.
The invention also provides a design method of the excitation topological structure of the non-uniform block type permanent magnet linear synchronous motor, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(A) For a non-uniform odd-numbered blocking topology of the permanent magnet, namely: under each pole, the width of the most middle permanent magnet block is the largest, and the widths of the permanent magnet blocks are sequentially decreased from the middle to the two ends; the method comprises the following steps:
step A1: design variable for constructing permanent magnet linear motor excitation topological structure
Let the width of the central permanent magnet block be a 0 Permanent magnet pole pitch of τ p ；
The width of each permanent magnet block extending to the two ends is a 1 、a 2 、......、a n ；a i ＝a 0 *q i I =1, 2,3, ·.. N, n being a positive integer, 0 < q < 1;
from the middle to the two ends, the width of each magnetic separation block is t 1 、t 2 、......、t n ；
Step A2: determining an optimization objective
The ratio content THD of the higher harmonics of the magnetic field between the air gaps is taken as an optimization target, and the lower the content of the higher harmonics, the better the stability of the motor;
wherein, B j M, m being an odd number, is the effective value of the j harmonic, j =1,3,5.. M;
step A3: establishing design variable intervals by orthogonal optimization
τ p Has an interval of [ tau ] b ，τ c ]，0＜τ b ＜τ c ；
a 0 Has an interval of [ a d ，a e ]，0＜a d ＜a e ；
Width t of magnetic isolation block 1 ～t n Has an interval of [ t f ，t g ]，0＜t f ＜t g ；
The basic tool of the orthogonal optimization method is an orthogonal table, wherein the orthogonal table reflects a mathematical model of an optimization problem, and in the orthogonal table, an experiment index is used for reflecting an experiment effect and corresponds to a target function of the optimization problem, namely a THD value; experiment factors can influence the experiment indexes, and the design variable corresponding to the optimization problem is tau p 、a 0 、t 1 ～t n Q; the factor level is a numerical value taken by experimental factors and corresponds to a constraint condition of an optimization problem;
calculating a THD value according to the orthogonal table, optimally selecting a THD minimum value, and gradually reducing the change range of the topological size;
step A4: solving THD optimal solution through constraint conditions
Constraint a according to factor level 0 ＜τ p (ii) a When the pole pitch tau of the permanent magnet p Is a constant value in the interval [ a d ，a e ]Interior selection of a 0 Is taken in the interval [ t ] f ，t g ]Inner selection of t 1 ～t n Is reduced step by step according to an orthogonal optimization method 0 、t 1 ～t n Q, and finally obtaining the value range of a under the condition of the optimal solution of THD 0 、t 1 ～t n Q, value of.
(B) For a non-uniform even number of blocked topologies of permanent magnets, namely: under each pole, the widths of the two permanent magnet blocks at the middle are equal and maximum, and the widths of the permanent magnet blocks are sequentially decreased from the middle to the two ends; the method comprises the following steps:
step B1: construction of permanent magnet linear motor excitation topological structure design variable
Let the width of the two permanent magnets at the middle be a 0 The permanent magnet has a polar distance of tau p ；
The width of each permanent magnet extending to both ends is a 1 、a 2 、......、a n ；a i ＝a 0 *q i I =1, 2,3, ·.. N, n being a positive integer, 0 < q < 1;
from the middle to the two ends, the width of each magnetic separation block is t 1 、t 2 、......、t n+1 ；
And step B2: determining an optimization objective
The ratio content THD' of the higher harmonics of the magnetic field between the air gaps is used as an optimization target, the lower the higher harmonic content is, the better the motor stability is:
wherein, B j ' is the effective value of the j harmonic, j =1,3,5.. M; m is an odd number;
and step B3: shortening design variable interval by orthogonal optimization method
τ p Interval [ tau ] of b ，τ c ]，0＜τ b ＜τ c ；
a 0 Has an interval of [ a d ，a e ]，0＜a d ＜a e ；
Width t of magnetic isolation block 1 ～t n Has an interval of [ t f ，t g ]，0＜t f ＜t g ；
The basic tool of the orthogonal optimization method is an orthogonal table, wherein the orthogonal table reflects a mathematical model of an optimization problem, and in the orthogonal table, an experiment index is used for reflecting an experiment effect and corresponds to a target function of the optimization problem, namely a THD value; experiment factors can influence the experiment indexes, and the design variable corresponding to the optimization problem is tau p 、a 0 、t 1 ～t n Q; the factor level is a numerical value taken by experimental factors and corresponds to a constraint condition of an optimization problem;
calculating a THD value according to the orthogonal table, optimally selecting a THD minimum value, and gradually reducing the change range of the topological size;
and step B4: solving THD optimal solution through constraint condition
Constraint a according to factor level 0 ＜τ p (ii) a When the pole pitch τ of the permanent magnet p At a certain value, in the interval [ a ] d ，a e ]Interior selection of a 0 Is taken in the interval [ t ] f ，t g ]Inner selection of t 1 ～t n Is reduced step by step according to an orthogonal optimization method 0 、t 1 ～t n Q, and finally obtaining the value range of a under the condition of the optimal solution of THD 0 、t 1 ～t n Q, value of q.
Aiming at the excitation topological structure of the secondary non-uniform block type permanent magnet, the invention considers the problem that the interval of the design variable directly affects the accuracy of the optimization target, obtains the optimization interval by adopting an orthogonal optimization method on the design variable, and obtains the optimal solution of the optimization target by the limitation of constraint conditions. The non-uniform sectional type permanent magnet excitation topological structure has the characteristics of improved air gap flux density sine, low output voltage harmonic content, low electromagnetic force fluctuation and stable motor operation. The method can simply and conveniently obtain unknown data, reduce the calculation time and improve the data accuracy.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the non-uniform sectional type mixed permanent magnet structure is adopted, the air gap flux density is adjusted by adjusting the size of each permanent magnet block, the sine property of the air gap flux density is improved, and the induced electromotive force harmonic content and the fluctuation of electromagnetic thrust are further reduced;
2. the method takes the high-order harmonic ratio content in the air gap magnetic field as an optimization target, designs the widths of each permanent magnet block and each magnetic isolating block, shortens the variable interval of the topological structure design by an orthogonal optimization method, overcomes the defects of repeated optimization and repeated trial and error in the selection of the conventional variable optimization interval, can shorten the design period, reduces the design cost, and is simple to operate;
3. the orthogonal optimization table can be used for optimizing a plurality of performance indexes with a plurality of factors and levels, a part of optimization schemes with the characteristics of uniform dispersion and neatness and comparability are selected from comprehensive experimental data according to orthogonality to carry out specific tests, more target motor performance indexes can be designed, the workload is reduced, the design efficiency is improved, the optimization direction is determined, and the optimization speed is greatly accelerated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of an excitation topology of a non-uniform odd-numbered block type permanent magnet linear synchronous motor provided in embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a design method of a non-uniform block type permanent magnet linear synchronous motor excitation topological structure;
fig. 3 is a sectional view of an excitation topology of a non-uniform even-numbered segmented permanent magnet linear synchronous motor provided in embodiment 2;
wherein: 1-inner layer primary iron core, 2-inner layer armature winding, 3-secondary magnetic yoke, 4-outer layer armature winding, 5-outer layer primary iron core, 6-magnetic isolating block and 7-permanent magnet.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Example 1
The motor mainly comprises a primary, a secondary and an air gap.
As shown in fig. 1, the primary of the double-sided cylindrical permanent magnet linear synchronous motor is divided into an inner and an outer double-layer structure, and is composed of an inner stator and an outer stator.
The outer stator includes an outer primary core 5 and an outer armature winding 4. The outer primary iron core 5 is positioned at the outermost side of the motor and is of a tubular structure, and the outer armature winding 4 is tightly fixed at the inner side of the outer primary iron core 5.
The inner stator includes an inner primary core 1 and an inner armature winding 2. The inner primary iron core 1 is positioned at the innermost side of the motor and is also in a tubular structure, and the inner armature winding 2 is tightly fixed at the outer side of the inner primary iron core 1.
The inner layer armature winding 2 and the outer layer armature winding 4 are connected in series, and the inner layer primary iron core and the outer layer primary iron core are both composed of silicon steel sheets.
The secondary motor mainly comprises a secondary magnetic yoke 3, a permanent magnet 7 and a magnetic isolating block 6.
The permanent magnet 7 is of a double-layer structure and consists of an inner permanent magnet and an outer permanent magnet, and the inner permanent magnet and the outer permanent magnet are symmetrically arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the secondary magnetic yoke 3. Air gaps are arranged between the inner layer armature winding 2 and the inner permanent magnet and between the outer layer armature winding 4 and the outer permanent magnet.
In one polar distance, the permanent magnets are alternately arranged in an N pole and an S pole, the adjacent permanent magnets are oppositely magnetized, and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnets is the radial direction. The lower inner permanent magnet and the outer permanent magnet of each pole are in non-uniform block structures, and adjacent permanent magnet blocks are separated by a magnetic separation block 6. Under each pole, the width of the permanent magnet blocks is gradually reduced from the middle to the two ends, and the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnet blocks are the same.
In this embodiment, the permanent magnet is a radially magnetized rare earth neodymium iron boron permanent magnet block.
The permanent magnetic field forms a loop through the inner primary iron core and the outer primary iron core and is linked with the inner double-layer primary winding and the outer double-layer primary winding at the same time, and the air gap magnetic field is distributed in a sine mode along the axial direction.
The design method of the excitation topological structure of the bilateral cylindrical non-uniform block type permanent magnet linear synchronous motor comprises the following steps:
firstly, design variables of the permanent magnet linear motor are constructed.
Aiming at the non-uniform odd-numbered block topological structure of the permanent magnet, the width of the middle permanent magnet block is set as a 0 The pole pitch of the permanent magnet blocks is tau p (ii) a The width of each permanent magnet block extending to the two ends is a 1 、a 2 、......、a n ；a i ＝a 0 *q i I =1, 2,3, ·.. N, n being a positive integer, 0 < q < 1; from the middle to the two ends, the width of each magnetic separation block is t 1 、t 2 、......、t n ；
The ratio content THD of the high order harmonics of the magnetic field between the air gaps is used as an optimization target, the lower the high order harmonic content is, the better the motor stability is:
wherein, B j M, m being an odd number, is the effective value of the j harmonic, j =1,3,5.
In the present embodiment, n =2 is taken as an example for explanation.
Establishing a design variable interval, tau, by orthogonal optimization p In the interval of [ tau ] b ，τ c ]，0＜τ c ＜τ 0 ；a 0 Has an interval of [ a d ，a e ]，0＜a d ＜a e (ii) a Width t of magnetic isolation block 1、 t 2 Has an interval of [ t f ，t g ]，0＜t f ＜t g . The basic tool of the orthogonal optimization method is an orthogonal table, which reflects a mathematical model of the optimization problem. In the orthogonal table, the experiment index is used for reflecting the experiment effect and corresponds to the target function of the optimization problem, namely the value of THD; experiment factors can influence the experiment indexes and correspond to the design variable of the optimization problem, namely tau p 、a 0 、t 1 、t 2 Q; the factor level is a numerical value taken by experimental factors and corresponds to a constraint condition of an optimization problem.
Orthogonal table is of general type L r (s y ) Where r denotes the number of optimization schemes (row number), s denotes the number of levels, and y denotes the number of factors (column number), which means a table of r rows to y columns, consisting of the numbers 1,2,3, … …, r. Such as L 25 (5 5 ) The number consists of 1,2,3,4,5, which represents y =5 factors, each factor taking s =5 values (called horizontal), is a table of 25 rows and 5 columns, each factor taking a complete combination of 5 variations, for a total of 5 5 =3125 level matches, only 25 representative groups of level number matches are given in table 2, the calculation is performed according to the 25 level number matches, and the best level number match is selected from the 25 level number matches, so that the objective function (motor performance indicator THD value) is minimized as the optimization result, thus no full calculation is requiredThe 3125 horizontal numbers are matched to reduce the calculation amount, and according to the "uniform dispersion and neatness and comparability" characteristics of the orthogonal table, it can be ensured that the optimal result obtained by matching and calculating the 25 groups of horizontal numbers is better in the 3125 groups in the statistical sense, and the greater the factor y and the horizontal number s are, the better the calculation is according to the orthogonal table, the type of the orthogonal table can be changed, the THD value is calculated, and the THD minimum value is selected.
When the pole pitch tau of the permanent magnet p A is a certain value because a 0 ＜τ p Selecting a 0 、t 1 、t 2 And q, designing a factor level table shown in table 1 according to variables of the block topology structure of the permanent magnet linear motor, wherein the corresponding orthogonal table and the mapping constraint conditions are shown in table 2. Using 5-factor 5 level L 25 (5 5 ) Orthogonal design is carried out on the orthogonal table, THD values of 25 groups of test times in the orthogonal table are calculated, the test times are not in actual operation sequence and can be randomly carried out in the optimization process, then, the THD result values of the orthogonal test are analyzed, so that the interval range of each factor is judged, different orthogonal tables are selected in each round, and a is gradually reduced 0 、t 1 、t 2 Q, and finally obtaining the value range of a under the condition of the optimal solution of THD 0 、t 1 、t 2 Q, value of q.
TABLE 1 factor and factor horizon for permanent magnet motor topology design
TABLE 2 orthogonal Table design and design optimization specific use case
According to the specific design optimization case in the table 2, the value of the motor performance index THD is obtained, the optimal value of the THD is selected, different orthogonal tables are adopted in each round, and a is gradually reduced 0 、t 1 、t 2 Q, and finally obtaining the THDIn the case of the optimal solution, a 0 、t 1 、t 2 Q, the value of; tau is p ＝60mm，a 0 ＝23.37mm，t 1 ＝0.3mm，t 2 ＝1.6mm，q＝0.27，THD＝18.9％。
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the permanent magnet is in a non-uniform even number block topological structure.
Let the width of the two permanent magnet blocks in the middle be a 0 (ii) a The width of each permanent magnet block extending to the two ends is a 1 、a 2 、......、a n ；a i ＝a 0 *q i I =1, 2,3, n being a positive integer, 0 < q < 1; from the middle to the two ends, the width of each magnetic separation block is t 1 、t 2 、......、t n+1 (ii) a The relationship between the harmonic content and the design variable is as follows:
For the example of fig. 3, n =2 is taken as an example for explanation.
Constraint a according to factor level 0 ＜τ p (ii) a When the pole pitch tau of the permanent magnet p Is a constant value in the variable interval [ a ] d ，a e ]Interior selection of a 0 Is taken in the interval [ t ] f ，t g ]Selecting t 1 、t 2 Taking different orthogonal tables in each turn, and gradually reducing a 0 、t 1 、t 2 Q, and finally obtaining the value range of a under the condition of the optimal solution of THD 0 、t 1 、t 2 Q, the value of; tau is p ＝60mm，a 0 ＝17.97mm，t 1 ＝0.1mm，t 2 ＝1.6mm，q＝0.11，THD＝19.27％。
Claims (8)
1. A design method of a non-uniform sectional type permanent magnet linear synchronous motor excitation topological structure is characterized by comprising the following steps: the excitation topological structure of the non-uniform sectional type permanent magnet linear synchronous motor comprises a secondary magnetic yoke (3), permanent magnets (7) are arranged on the secondary magnetic yoke (3), and the permanent magnets (7) in one polar distance are alternately arranged in an N pole and an S pole; the lower permanent magnet (7) of each pole adopts a non-uniform block structure, and adjacent permanent magnet blocks are separated by a magnetic separation block (6);
(A) For a non-uniform odd-numbered blocking topology of the permanent magnet, namely: under each pole, the width of the permanent magnet block at the middle is the largest, and the width of each permanent magnet block is gradually reduced from the middle to the two ends; the method comprises the following steps:
step A1: design variable for constructing permanent magnet linear motor excitation topological structure
Let the width of the central permanent magnet block be a 0 Permanent magnet pole pitch of τ p ；
The width of each permanent magnet block extending to the two ends is a 1 、a 2 、……、a n ；a i ＝a 0 *q i I =1, 2,3, … … n, n is a positive integer, 0<q<1；
From the middle to the two ends, the width of each magnetic separation block is t 1 、t 2 、……、t n ；
Step A2: determining an optimization objective
The ratio content THD of the higher harmonics of the magnetic field between the air gaps is taken as an optimization target, and the lower the content of the higher harmonics, the better the stability of the motor;
wherein, B j M, m being an odd number, is the effective value of the j harmonic, j =1,3,5.. M;
step A3: establishing design variable intervals by orthogonal optimization
τ p Has an interval of [ tau ] b ,τ c ]，0<τ b <τ c ；
a 0 In the interval of [ a ] d ,a e ]，0<a d <a e ；
Width t of magnetic isolation block 1 ～t n Has an interval of [ t f ,t g ]，0<t f <t g ；
The basic tool of the orthogonal optimization method is an orthogonal table, and the orthogonal table reflects a mathematical model of an optimization problem, wherein in the orthogonal table, an experiment index is used for reflecting an experiment effect and corresponds to a target function of the optimization problem, namely a THD value; experiment factors can influence the experiment indexes, and the design variable corresponding to the optimization problem is tau p 、a 0 、t 1 ～t n Q; the factor level is a numerical value taken by experimental factors and corresponds to a constraint condition of an optimization problem;
calculating a THD value according to the orthogonal table, optimally selecting a THD minimum value, and gradually reducing the change range of the topological size;
step A4: solving THD optimal solution through constraint condition
Constraint a according to factor level 0 <τ p (ii) a When the pole pitch tau of the permanent magnet p Is a certain value, in the intervala d ,a e ]Interior selection of a 0 Is taken in the interval [ t ] f ,t g ]Inner selection of t 1 ～t n Is reduced step by step according to an orthogonal optimization method 0 、t 1 ～t n Q, and finally obtaining the value range of a under the condition of the optimal solution of THD 0 、t 1 ～t n Q, the value of;
(B) For a non-uniform even number of blocked topologies of permanent magnets, namely: under each pole, the widths of the two permanent magnet blocks at the middle are equal and maximum, and the widths of the permanent magnet blocks are sequentially decreased from the middle to the two ends; the method comprises the following steps:
step B1: design variable for constructing permanent magnet linear motor excitation topological structure
Let the width of the two permanent magnets at the middle be a 0 The permanent magnet has a polar distance of tau p ；
The width of each permanent magnet extending to both ends is a 1 、a 2 、……、a n ；a i ＝a 0 *q i I =1, 2,3, … … n, n is a positive integer, 0<q<1；
From the middle to the two ends, the width of each magnetic separation block is t 1 、t 2 、……、t n+1 ；
And step B2: determining an optimization objective
The ratio content THD' of the higher harmonics of the magnetic field between the air gaps is used as an optimization target, the lower the higher harmonic content is, the better the motor stability is:
wherein, B j ' is the effective value of the j harmonic, j =1,3,5.. M; m is an odd number;
and step B3: shortening design variable interval by orthogonal optimization method
τ p In the interval of [ tau ] b ,τ c ]，0<τ b <τ c ；
a 0 Has an interval of [ a d ,a e ]，0<a d <a e ；
Width t of magnetic isolation block 1 ～t n Has an interval of [ t f ,t g ]，0<t f <t g ；
The basic tool of the orthogonal optimization method is an orthogonal table, and the orthogonal table reflects a mathematical model of an optimization problem, wherein in the orthogonal table, an experiment index is used for reflecting an experiment effect and corresponds to a target function of the optimization problem, namely a THD value; experiment factors can influence the experiment indexes and correspond to the design variable of the optimization problem, namely tau p 、a 0 、t 1 ～t n Q; the factor level is a numerical value taken by experimental factors and corresponds to a constraint condition of an optimization problem;
calculating a THD value according to the orthogonal table, optimally selecting a THD minimum value, and gradually reducing the change range of the topological size;
and step B4: solving THD optimal solution through constraint condition
Constraint a according to factor level 0 <τ p (ii) a When the pole pitch tau of the permanent magnet p Is a constant value in the interval [ a d ,a e ]Interior selection of a 0 Is taken in the interval [ t ] f ,t g ]Inner selection of t 1 ～t n Is progressively reduced by a according to an orthogonal optimization method 0 、t 1 ～t n Q, and a under the condition of finally obtaining the optimal solution of THD 0 、t 1 ～t n Q, value of q.
2. The method for designing the excitation topology structure of the non-uniform segmented permanent magnet linear synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the width of each permanent magnet block under each pole is gradually reduced from the middle to the two ends.
3. The method for designing the excitation topology structure of the non-uniform segmented permanent magnet linear synchronous motor according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the width of each permanent magnet block under each pole is sequentially decreased from the middle to the two ends according to an equal ratio sequence.
4. The design method of the excitation topological structure of the non-uniform segmented permanent magnet linear synchronous motor according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by comprising the following steps: the permanent magnet (7) adopts a non-uniform odd block topology structure, namely: under each pole, the width of the permanent magnet block at the middle is the largest, and the width of each permanent magnet block is gradually reduced from the middle to the two ends.
5. The design method of the excitation topology structure of the non-uniform segmented permanent magnet linear synchronous motor according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the permanent magnet (7) adopts a non-uniform even number block topological structure, namely: under each pole, the widths of the two permanent magnet blocks at the middle part are equal and are the largest, and the widths of the permanent magnet blocks are sequentially decreased from the middle part to the two ends.
6. The method for designing the excitation topology structure of the non-uniform segmented permanent magnet linear synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and an air gap is arranged between the permanent magnet (7) and the primary stator of the motor on the corresponding side.
7. The method for designing the excitation topology structure of the non-uniform segmented permanent magnet linear synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the permanent magnet (7) is connected with an external driving device for realizing axial reciprocating motion.
8. The method for designing the excitation topology structure of the non-uniform segmented permanent magnet linear synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the magnetic field of the permanent magnet (7) forms a loop through a primary stator core of the motor and is linked with a primary winding of the motor, and an air gap magnetic field is distributed in a sine shape along the axial direction; the permanent magnet (7) adopts a non-uniform block structure to adjust the air gap flux density.
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| JPH10146039A (en) * | 1996-11-13 | 1998-05-29 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Movable coil type linear motor |
| CN1933304A (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2007-03-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Horizontal flux flat-plate type permanent-magnetic linear electric machine |
| RU2393615C1 (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2010-06-27 | Владимир Михайлович Чернухин | Single-phase contact-free electromagnetic generator |
| CN102013785A (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2011-04-13 | 江苏大学 | Thrust optimization design method for tubular permanent magnet synchronous linear motor |
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| EP1516407B1 (en) * | 2002-05-24 | 2006-08-23 | Velocity Magnetics, Inc. | Primary member of a linear synchronous permanent magnet motor |
| JP4102708B2 (en) * | 2003-05-27 | 2008-06-18 | オークマ株式会社 | Motor using permanent magnet |
| DE102006035676A1 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2008-02-14 | Siemens Ag | Linear motor with force ripple compensation |
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| JPH10146039A (en) * | 1996-11-13 | 1998-05-29 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Movable coil type linear motor |
| CN1933304A (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2007-03-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Horizontal flux flat-plate type permanent-magnetic linear electric machine |
| RU2393615C1 (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2010-06-27 | Владимир Михайлович Чернухин | Single-phase contact-free electromagnetic generator |
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