CN107167428B - Absorption tank for gas detection - Google Patents

Absorption tank for gas detection Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107167428B
CN107167428B CN201710580841.8A CN201710580841A CN107167428B CN 107167428 B CN107167428 B CN 107167428B CN 201710580841 A CN201710580841 A CN 201710580841A CN 107167428 B CN107167428 B CN 107167428B
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module
cavity
optical fiber
gas
light
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CN107167428A (en
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陈银龙
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Shanghai Hekai Electric Technology Co ltd
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Shanghai Hekai Electric Technology Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/35Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
    • G01N21/3504Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing gases, e.g. multi-gas analysis

Abstract

The invention discloses an absorption cell for gas detection, which comprises: the optical fiber collimator comprises an optical fiber collimator, a focusing module and a cavity positioned between the optical fiber collimator and the focusing module, wherein the optical fiber collimator comprises an optical fiber collimator, a precise dimming structure and an optical fiber collimator fixed end; the focusing module comprises a focusing lens and a focusing module fixing end, and the optical axis of the focusing lens coincides with the central axis of the cavity air chamber and the optical axis of the optical fiber collimation module; the two ends of the cavity are respectively connected with the optical fiber collimation module fixing end and the focusing module fixing end in a sealing way, the hollow part of the cavity is an air chamber for containing air to be measured, the side surface of the cavity is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the top of the cavity is provided with a screw hole for installing at least one sensor for detecting parameters such as temperature, pressure and the like of the air chamber. The gas absorption tank has the advantages of small volume, short optical path, simple structure, convenient installation, debugging and maintenance, and the like, and can be used for detecting dissolved gas in the transformer oil of ppm level.

Description

Absorption tank for gas detection
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of precise detection instruments, and particularly relates to an absorption tank for gas detection, in particular to a gas absorption tank for detecting dissolved gas in transformer oil.
Background
The use of spectrometry to measure single or multi-component gases is becoming increasingly widespread in industry. Such as laser spectroscopy instruments, can be used to monitor dissolved gases in transformer oil. Due to the "fingerprint" nature of gas absorption, after passing through an absorption cell filled with the gas under test, light of a single frequency is absorbed by the gas in the cell, the single frequency reflects the gas composition, and the change in light intensity of the single frequency reflects the concentration of the gas under test. The detection process of the gas component is widely applied to the fields of industrial production and environmental monitoring. There are many detection techniques currently, mainly using mid-infrared and near-infrared spectrum detection techniques. Since the cross-sectional area of gas absorption is small, it is generally necessary to increase the gas detection sensitivity by increasing the optical path length.
The gas absorption cell in the prior art mainly comprises a long optical path cell and an adjustable optical path cell. The long optical path cell is characterized in that a plurality of reflectors are arranged in an air chamber in the absorption cell, so that light can be reflected for multiple times in the air chamber, the optical path is increased by utilizing a short distance, and the detection sensitivity is improved. The structure of the adjustable optical path pool is basically the same as that of the long optical path pool, except that the change of the optical path can be controlled by adjusting the reflection times. Both by controlling the optical path in order to achieve the target detection sensitivity.
The optical elements in the long optical path pool and the adjustable optical path pool are more, and the dimming structure is complex, so that the volume of the optical element is relatively larger. In addition, the long optical path pool and the adjustable optical path pool have high requirements on the coating process of the reflector, are difficult to install and maintain, have high cost and poor shock resistance, and therefore have poor environmental adaptability.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of the long optical path pool and the adjustable optical path pool in the prior art, the invention provides a small-volume short optical path gas absorption pool, which changes the complex structure of the existing long optical path pool and overcomes the defects of high optical path adjustment difficulty, poor shock resistance and the like. The specific technical scheme is as follows.
A gas absorption cell for gas detection, comprising: the optical fiber collimation module is used for collimating light of the light source, the focusing module is used for focusing the light passing through the cavity air chamber after collimation and emitting focused light, and the cavity is positioned between the optical fiber collimation module and the focusing module and used for introducing and exhausting gas to be measured, wherein the optical fiber collimation module comprises an optical fiber collimator, a precise light modulation structure used for adjusting an optical path, and an optical fiber collimation module fixed end used for hermetically fixing the precise light modulation structure and one end of the cavity together, and a collimation lens end of the optical fiber collimator is inserted into a central through hole of the precise light modulation structure and is fixed; the focusing module comprises a focusing lens and a focusing module fixing end which is used for fixing the focusing lens and is tightly fixed with the other end of the cavity, and the optical axis of the focusing lens coincides with the central axis of the cavity air chamber and the optical axis of the optical fiber collimation module; the two ends of the cavity are respectively connected with the fixed end of the optical fiber collimation module and the fixed end of the focusing module in a sealing way, the hollow part of the cavity is an air chamber for containing gas to be detected, the collimated light beam is transmitted to the focusing module through the air chamber, an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged on the side face of the light beam, a connecting hole such as a screw hole and/or a jack is arranged on the wall surface of the air chamber, such as the top of the air chamber, and the connecting hole is used for installing at least one sensor, preferably more than two sensors are used for detecting parameters such as the temperature and the pressure of the air chamber, so that the detection result is corrected.
The gas absorption tank does not contain the reflecting mirror for realizing light reflection, so that the gas absorption tank is simple in structure, easy to mount and dismount and capable of being mounted and dismounted for many times, the detection precision is not affected, the simple structure without the reflecting mirror enhances the shock resistance and environmental adaptability of the gas absorption tank, and meanwhile, the through type and short-optical-path air chamber structure design enables the air chamber volume of the absorption tank to be small, and accordingly the volume of the gas absorption tank is reduced. Preferably, the gas absorption tank can achieve very high detection precision under the conditions of small volume and short optical path, for example, the application of the gas absorption tank in detection of dissolved gas in transformer oil is superior to the minimum detection limit specified by national power grid enterprise standards.
According to one aspect of the invention, the light of the above-described light source may be any light useful for detecting gases, having a wavelength in the range of 200-6000nm, preferably 200-1800nm, including but not limited to visible, ultraviolet, infrared and/or near infrared light. Further, it is preferable that the light emitted from the light source is a laser.
According to one aspect of the invention, the optical fiber collimation module further comprises an optical fiber collimation module protective shell for covering the optical fiber collimator, the precise dimming structure and the fixed end of the optical fiber collimation module, and protecting the components from the external environment and objects.
According to one aspect of the invention, the gas absorption tank further comprises a first bracket for fixing the optical fiber collimation module protective shell and the front end of the cavity, and a second bracket for fixing the rear end of the cavity, wherein the first bracket and the second bracket are respectively connected and fixed with two ends of the cavity.
Further, the gas absorption cell also comprises a light inlet for accessing the light source. In one embodiment, the light inlet is located on the first support. For example, the light inlet is provided with a flange for connecting the light source and the optical fiber collimation module.
According to one aspect of the invention, the fixed end of the focusing module is provided with a light outlet (namely a focusing lens outlet), and the optical axis of the focusing lens coincides with the central axis of the cavity air chamber and the optical axis of the optical fiber collimation module. For example, the light outlet is arranged on the fixed end of the focusing module.
According to one aspect of the invention, the fiber optic collimating module has a central through hole on its fixed end, in which a slanted louver is fixed for reducing optical etalon interference.
According to one aspect of the present invention, the rear part of the fixed end of the focusing module may be further connected to a photo detection module for receiving the light transmitted from the light outlet and converting the light into an electrical signal.
The invention also provides application of the gas absorption tank in gas detection.
According to one aspect of the invention, the gas absorption cell described above may be used to detect dissolved gases in transformer oil.
In a preferred embodiment, the dissolved gas in the transformer oil is selected from N 2 、O 2 、H 2 、CH 4 、C 2 H 2 、C 2 H 4 、C 2 H 6 、CO、CO 2 One or two or more of them.
The gas absorption tank has the advantages of simple cavity structure, short optical path and small volume, so that the whole absorption tank has compact structure, good air tightness, easy installation and disassembly and convenient maintenance; and has the advantages of good shock resistance and strong environmental practicability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of an embodiment of a gas absorption cell according to the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a gas absorption cell; 2. an optical fiber collimation module; 3. a focusing module; 4. a cavity; 21. an optical fiber collimator; 22. a precise light adjusting structure; 23. a fixed end of the optical fiber collimation module; 24. a first bracket; 25. an optical fiber collimation module protective shell; 241. a light inlet; 31. a focusing lens; 32. a light outlet; 33. a focusing module fixed end; 34. a second bracket; 41. a cavity air chamber; 42. an air inlet; 43. a sensor; 44. a bolt; 45. and an air outlet.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, of the implementations of the present application; and the structures shown in the drawings are merely schematic and do not represent a physical object. It is intended that all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on these embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of the present application.
In the present invention, the terms "gas absorption cell" and "absorption cell" mean the same meaning, and are interchangeable.
Herein, the term "front" means a positional relationship along the upstream of the gas absorption cell of the present invention in the beam direction, but does not mean that it is necessary to face a certain fixed direction in the actual mounting operation, only for the purpose of showing the positional relationship or the connection relationship between the respective components. Similarly, the terms "rear," "upper," "lower," and the like do not constitute an absolute spatial relationship limitation, but are merely relative concepts. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. Sometimes, for convenience of description in the text, the upstream side in the beam direction will be referred to as "left" and the downstream side in the beam direction will be referred to as "right", but a relative concept, which will be understood by those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, a gas absorption cell 1 of the present invention mainly includes three parts, namely an optical fiber collimation module 2, a focusing module 3, and a cavity 4. The optical fiber collimation module 2 is used for collimating light of a light source and then making the light enter the air chamber 41 of the cavity 4 so as to facilitate absorption of gas to be detected in the air chamber 41. The optical fiber alignment module 2 mainly comprises an optical fiber collimator 21, a precise light adjusting structure 22 for adjusting the optical path so that the light beam is coaxial with the optical axis of a focusing lens 31 described below, and an optical fiber alignment module fixing end 23 for hermetically fixing the precise light adjusting structure 22 and one end (i.e., the front end) of the cavity 4 together. Preferably, the fiber alignment module 2 further comprises a fiber alignment module protective housing 25, and the protective housing 25 is used for covering the fiber collimator 21, the precise dimming structure 22, and the fiber alignment module fixing end 23, and protecting these components from the external environment and objects. In a preferred embodiment, to support the entire absorption cell 1 and maintain the structural stability of the absorption cell 1, the fiber alignment module 2 may further comprise a first bracket 24 for fixing the front end of the cavity 4 and the protective housing 25 of the fiber alignment module. Preferably, the collimating lens end of the fiber collimator 21 is inserted into the central through hole of the fine dimming structure 22 and fixed. In one embodiment, the first bracket 24 may be provided with a light inlet 241, and the light inlet 241 is provided with a flange for connecting with a light source.
The optical fiber collimation module fixed end 23 is provided with a central through hole, and an inclined window sheet can be fixed in the central through hole for reducing interference of an optical etalon and ensuring gas detection accuracy.
The focusing module 3 mainly comprises a focusing lens 31 and a focusing module fixing end 33 which is used for fixing the focusing lens 31 and is tightly fixed with the other end of the cavity 4, wherein the optical axis of the focusing lens 31 coincides with the central axis of the cavity air chamber 41 and the optical axis of the optical fiber collimation module 2. In a preferred embodiment, in order to support the entire absorption cell 1 and maintain the structural stability of the absorption cell 1, a second support 34 for fixing may be further disposed at the rear end of the cavity 4, and the first support 24 and the second support 34 together fix and support the entire gas absorption cell. The focusing module fixed end 33 is provided with a light outlet 32 (i.e. a focusing lens outlet 32), and the optical axis of the focusing lens 31 coincides with the central axis of the cavity air chamber 41 and the optical axis of the optical fiber collimation module 2.
The two ends of the cavity 4 are respectively connected with the optical fiber collimation module fixing end 23 and the focusing module fixing end 33 in a sealing way, the hollow part of the cavity 4 is a gas chamber 41 for containing gas to be detected, collimated light beams are transmitted to the focusing module 3 through the gas chamber 41, an air inlet 42 and an air outlet 45 are arranged on the side surface of the gas chamber 41, and connecting holes such as screw holes and/or jacks are arranged at proper parts of the wall surface of the gas chamber, such as the top, for installing at least one sensor 43, preferably more than two sensors 43 for detecting the temperature and pressure parameters of the gas chamber, so as to correct the detection result. It will be appreciated that the positions of the air inlet 42 and the air outlet 45 may be switched as desired. Because the air chamber 41 does not need to be provided with a reflecting mirror or a reflecting mirror group for reflecting light for multiple times, the gas absorption tank 1 has a simple structure, is easy to install and detach, does not influence the detection precision, the simple structure of the reflecting mirror or the reflecting mirror group is not needed to enhance the shock resistance and the environmental adaptability of the gas absorption tank 1, and meanwhile, the air chamber 41 of the absorption tank 1 has a small volume due to the through air chamber structural design with a short optical path, and accordingly the volume of the gas absorption tank 1 is reduced. Preferably, the gas absorption tank 1 can achieve very high detection accuracy under the conditions of small volume and short optical path, for example, the application in the detection of dissolved gas in transformer oil is superior to the minimum detection limit specified by national power grid enterprise standards. The simple structure also makes the overhaul and maintenance of the gas absorption tank 1 more convenient.
In the gas absorption cell 1 of the present invention, it is important to maintain a tight fixation between the fiber collimation module 2 and the cavity 4, and between the cavity 4 and the focusing module 3. For example, two ends of the cavity 4 can be respectively and hermetically fixed with the optical fiber collimating module fixing end 23 and the focusing module fixing end 33 in a nested manner. In a preferred embodiment, when the cavity 4 is a cylinder with a smooth inner wall, the front end of the cavity 4 is provided with a threaded hole and a circular groove, and the threaded hole and the circular groove are tightly connected with the fixed end 23 of the optical fiber collimation module and the first bracket 24; the rear end of the cavity 4 is also provided with a threaded hole and a circular groove which are tightly connected with the fixed end 33 of the focusing module and the second bracket 34. Meanwhile, the joints at the front end and the rear end of the cavity 4 can be respectively fixed with the optical fiber collimation module fixing end 23 and/or the focusing module fixing end 33 through sealing glue and/or raw material belts and bolts 44 if necessary, and the sealing structure can fully ensure the air tightness of the air chamber 41 and also ensure that the gas absorption tank 1 is more convenient to overhaul and maintain.
In a preferred embodiment, the precise dimming structure 22 can utilize the principle of triangle stability, and adopts a double triangle nested structure to realize precise adjustment of the light path, so that the light path is simple to adjust, stable in structure and good in shock resistance.
In one embodiment, the first bracket 24 and the second bracket 34 may be respectively provided with a threaded structure to form a threaded connection with two ends of the cavity 4, so as to fixedly connect the cavity 4.
Preferably, the first bracket 24 and the second bracket 34 may be respectively provided with a threaded hole, and are fixedly connected with the workbench through threads, so as to ensure the shock resistance of the absorption tank 1.
The rear part of the focusing module 3 may be further connected to a photoelectric detection module (not shown) for receiving the light emitted from the light outlet 32 and converting the light into an electrical signal.
The gas absorption cell 1 described above can be applied to detect a gas. For example, can be used for detecting dissolved gas in transformer oil.
The gas components and the concentration in the transformer oil reflect the thermoelectric fault degree and the service life of the transformer to a great extent, and the gas analysis in the transformer oil becomes an effective technical means for detecting the latent faults in the transformer. The research and development of multi-component gas in transformer oil and on-line detection technology have important theoretical and practical significance. The dissolved gas component in the transformer oil mainly comprises N 2 、O 2 、H 2 、CH 4 、C 2 H 2 、C 2 H 4 、C 2 H 6 、CO、CO 2 And (3) waiting for gas. Under the combined action of heat and electricity, the oil and insulating paper materials in the oil immersed power transformer can be gradually aged and decomposed to generate a small amount of low-molecular hydrocarbons and CO 2 Gases such as CO. If a overheat, discharge or damp condition occurs inside the transformer, the production of these gases increases rapidly. Therefore, the operation condition of the transformer can be reflected by monitoring the gas types and the gas contents in the transformer oil on line, and the latent fault of the power transformer can be timely and accurately detected.
It has been found through experiments that the gas absorption cell 1 of the present invention is used for detecting dissolved gas components such as N in transformer oil by laser light of infrared light and/or near infrared light 2 、O 2 、H 2 、CH 4 、C 2 H 2 、C 2 H 4 、C 2 H 6 、CO、CO 2 When the gas is equal, the detection sensitivity and reliability are extremely high, for example, the lower detection limit of the gas absorption tank 1 on the gas is lower than the lowest detection limit specified by the national power grid company enterprise standard, so that the online detection can be effectively realized, and the false alarm rate of transformer faults is reduced.
It is noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention patent, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A gas absorption cell for gas detection, comprising: the optical fiber collimation module is used for collimating the light of the light source, the focusing module is used for focusing the light which passes through the cavity air chamber after being collimated and emitting the focused light, the cavity is positioned between the optical fiber collimation module and the focusing module and used for introducing and discharging the gas to be measured,
the optical fiber collimation module comprises an optical fiber collimator, a precise light modulation structure for adjusting an optical path and an optical fiber collimation module fixed end for hermetically fixing the precise light modulation structure and one end of the cavity together, wherein a collimation lens end of the optical fiber collimator is inserted into a central through hole of the precise light modulation structure and is fixed;
the focusing module comprises a focusing lens and a focusing module fixing end which is used for fixing the focusing lens and is tightly fixed with the other end of the cavity, and the optical axis of the focusing lens coincides with the central axis of the cavity air chamber and the optical axis of the optical fiber collimation module;
the two ends of the cavity are respectively connected with the fixed end of the optical fiber collimation module and the fixed end of the focusing module in a sealing way, the hollow part of the cavity is an air chamber for containing gas to be detected, collimated light beams are transmitted to the focusing module through the air chamber, an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged on the side face of the cavity, and a connecting hole is arranged for installing at least one sensor for detecting the temperature and pressure parameters of the air chamber;
the wavelength range of the light source is 200-6000nm.
2. The gas absorption cell of claim 1, wherein the fiber optic collimating module further comprises a fiber optic collimating module protective housing for housing the fiber optic collimator, the precision dimming structure, and the fiber optic collimating module fixed end, protecting these components from the external environment and objects.
3. The gas absorbing cell of claim 2, further comprising a first bracket for securing the fiber optic collimating module protective housing and the front end of the cavity, and a second bracket for securing the rear end of the cavity, the first and second brackets together securing and supporting the entire gas absorbing cell.
4. The gas absorbing cell of claim 1, further comprising a light inlet for accessing a light source.
5. The gas absorbing cell of claim 4, wherein the light inlet is located on the first support.
6. The gas absorption cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fixed end of the focusing module is provided with a light outlet, namely an outlet of the focusing lens, and the optical axis of the focusing lens coincides with the central axis of the cavity air chamber and the optical axis of the optical fiber collimation module.
7. The gas cell of claim 1, wherein the fiber optic collimation module has a central through hole in the fixed end, wherein a slanted window is secured in the central through hole for reducing optical etalon interference.
8. The gas absorption cell of claim 6, wherein the focusing module fixed end is further connected to a photo detection module for receiving light exiting the light outlet and converting the light into an electrical signal.
9. Use of a gas absorption cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8 for the detection of dissolved gases in transformer oil.
10. The use according to claim 9, wherein the gas is selected from N 2 、O 2 、H 2 、CH 4 、C 2 H 2 、C 2 H 4 、C 2 H 6 、CO、CO 2 One or two or more of them.
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