CN107167368B - Concrete column pseudo-static test device after non-peripheral fire and implementation method thereof - Google Patents
Concrete column pseudo-static test device after non-peripheral fire and implementation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107167368B CN107167368B CN201710342370.7A CN201710342370A CN107167368B CN 107167368 B CN107167368 B CN 107167368B CN 201710342370 A CN201710342370 A CN 201710342370A CN 107167368 B CN107167368 B CN 107167368B
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Abstract
The invention provides a pseudo-static test device for a concrete column after non-peripheral fire exposure and an implementation method thereof. The furnace body is arranged in the frame body of the reaction frame, and the vertical load loading device is arranged on the bottom surface of the middle transverse steel beam and is used for applying vertical load to the concrete column; the horizontal tension-compression servo loading device is installed on a horizontal counter-force wall, and can apply a push load and a low-cycle horizontal repeated load to a concrete column test piece after being fired. The test device is used for carrying out fire test on the load-bearing concrete column in a non-peripheral fire-receiving mode, and then carrying out pseudo-static test after flameout and cooling, and the data acquisition system is used for acquiring air pressure, temperature, displacement and load of each measuring point. The invention is suitable for the test research of the fire resistance and the post-disaster anti-seismic performance of the concrete column in the non-peripheral fire-receiving modes of three sides, two adjacent sides, one side and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of damage assessment of concrete structures after fire disasters, in particular to a pseudo-static test device capable of considering various concrete columns which are not subjected to fire all around and an implementation method thereof.
Background
Although the mechanical properties of the steel bars and the concrete and the bonding and anchoring properties of the steel bars and the concrete can be damaged to different degrees due to high temperature of fire, most reinforced concrete structures can be normally used after damage assessment and reinforcement repair, thereby exerting great economic benefit. The method has the advantages that the residual mechanical property of the reinforced concrete structure after the fire disaster is scientifically and accurately evaluated, and a repair and reinforcement scheme of the damaged structure is formulated according to the evaluation, so that the method has very important significance for ensuring the safety, the applicability and the durability of the repaired structure after the fire disaster.
At present, the research on the bending bearing performance, the shearing bearing performance and the anti-seismic performance of the concrete column after fire has achieved certain achievements, but the achievements are mostly carried out under the condition of receiving fire on four sides. Concrete columns in building structures are affected by infilled walls, when a fire disaster happens, the concrete columns can be subjected to non-peripheral fire-receiving modes such as three-surface fire-receiving, adjacent-surface fire-receiving and even single-surface fire-receiving, the distribution characteristics of the fire-passing temperature fields of the cross sections of the concrete columns under different fire-receiving modes are different, and the damage degrees of concrete in compression regions and shear-compression regions of the concrete columns after different fire-receiving modes under the action of horizontal load can have great difference, so that the damage characteristics such as the bending bearing performance, the shear bearing performance and the anti-seismic performance of the concrete columns after different fire-receiving modes are different. Obviously, the damage evaluation of the bearing performance of the concrete column (including the special-shaped column, the same below) after the fire disaster in the fire-exposed mode has great influence, and the damage evaluation of the concrete column after the non-surrounding fire disaster cannot be simply applied to the existing research results of the damage evaluation of the concrete column after the surrounding fire disaster. Therefore, the research on the bearing performance and the damage characteristic of the concrete column after non-ambient fire is very important, and the research result has important guiding significance on the damage evaluation and the reinforcement design of the concrete column after fire. However, at present, the experimental research results on the shear bearing performance and the earthquake resistant performance of the concrete column after different fire modes are few.
The conventional post-fire concrete column pseudo-static force test device and the realization method thereof have the following problems: (1) The test device is difficult to perform pseudo-static tests on the concrete columns after non-peripheral fire, the existing pseudo-static test results of the concrete columns are all based on the condition after four-peripheral fire, and the reports of the research results of the pseudo-static tests on the concrete columns after different fire modes are not found yet. In order to examine the influence of different fire receiving modes at high temperature, the existing limited test adopts the mode that a plurality of layers of fireproof cotton are stuck and covered on the surface of a test piece and then the test piece is placed into a hearth to carry out fire test according to the surrounding fire receiving mode to approximately simulate the non-fire receiving surface, and the environmental temperature and the thermal boundary condition of the non-fire receiving surface in the real fire test have larger difference. (2) The existing residual bearing performance test of the post-fire concrete column member usually has the problems that the load is not maintained at high temperature or the load is maintained at high temperature but is unloaded after flameout, the test piece is lifted out of a hearth after being cooled to normal temperature and then is subjected to the post-fire bearing performance test, and the load is maintained in the whole process of temperature rise and temperature fall and the load is discontinuous in the post-fire bearing performance test. However, the concrete columns in actual building structures are subjected to continuous loads both during and after a fire. Whether the load is maintained at high temperature or whether the load is unloaded after flameout or not can influence the initial stress-strain state of the concrete and the steel bar after fire disaster, and further possibly influence the after-disaster bearing performance, and particularly when the load is maintained at high temperature, the influence degree is increased. In order to comprehensively examine the influence of load bearing at high temperature, the continuity of vertical load is necessary to be maintained in open fire tests and pseudo-static tests of post-disaster concrete columns. (3) The periphery of the existing fire-resistant test device is not provided with a reaction wall with enough rigidity, so that a horizontal tension-compression servo loading device cannot be installed, a pseudo-static test can be directly carried out on a concrete column after fire, and only a test piece can be lifted out and then transported to an anti-seismic test room for the pseudo-static test. (4) During the pseudo-static test, the height of the test piece is usually the sum of the distance from the frame column recurve point to the column root under the action of horizontal load and the height of the ground beam. Moreover, during fire test, the enlarged head of the top of the test piece column needs to be exposed outside the hearth space so as to apply vertical load. Therefore, the open fire heating furnace body in the simulated static force test device of the concrete column after being fired is suitable for having a proper furnace chamber height which is reasonable between 1500 mm and 2500 mm. However, the hearth height of the conventional vertical member fire-resistant test furnace is 3000mm, so that the furnace is not suitable for fire tests of test pieces for pseudo-static tests.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a reliable pseudo-static test device for a concrete column after non-peripheral fire and an implementation method thereof, aiming at overcoming the defects and shortcomings of the existing test device, so as to simulate a real fire scene and the action of horizontal load, test the shearing bearing performance and the anti-seismic performance of the concrete column after non-peripheral fire and research the damage mechanism of the concrete column.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following scheme:
a concrete column pseudo-static test device after non-peripheral fire exposure comprises a furnace body, a vertical reaction frame, a horizontal reaction wall, a vertical load loading device, a horizontal tension and compression servo loading device, a fixing device, a foundation platform, a data acquisition system and a control center, wherein the furnace body, the vertical reaction frame, the horizontal reaction wall and the fixing device are arranged on the foundation platform;
the vertical reaction frame comprises two longitudinal rigid frames and a transverse steel beam erected between the two longitudinal rigid frames, the furnace body is arranged in the vertical reaction frame and is surrounded by three fixed furnace walls, one movable furnace wall and a furnace cover, the concrete column test piece is arranged at the movable furnace wall, at least one side surface of the concrete column test piece is exposed to fire in the furnace chamber through the matching of the movable furnace wall, and the furnace cover is provided with a notch so that the top end of the concrete column test piece extends out;
the bottom end of the concrete column test piece is fixed on a foundation platform through the fixing device, the vertical load loading device is installed on the bottom surface of the transverse steel beam and used for applying a vertical load to the top end of the concrete column test piece, and the horizontal tension and compression servo loading device is installed on a horizontal counter-force wall and used for applying a transverse load to the concrete column test piece;
the data acquisition system comprises an air pressure acquisition system for acquiring air pressure in the hearth, a temperature acquisition system for acquiring the internal temperatures of the hearth and the concrete column test piece, a displacement acquisition system for acquiring displacement of the concrete column test piece, a strain acquisition system for acquiring strain of the concrete column test piece and a load acquisition system for acquiring loads of the vertical load loading device and the horizontal tension and compression servo loading device, and information acquired by the data acquisition system is transmitted to the control center.
Preferably, the furnace body further comprises a natural gas pipeline, a discharge flue, a water circulation pipeline, an ignition burner and a fan; the natural gas pipeline is surrounded outside the three fixed furnace walls in a U shape and is connected with a municipal natural gas pipeline; the smoke discharge channel is built on the basic platform and is arranged at the inner sides of the three fixed furnace walls, the fixed furnace walls penetrate through the corners, smoke is discharged outwards through the external smoke tube after passing through the water circulation pipeline, and the upper surface of the smoke discharge channel is provided with a plurality of smoke discharge ports; and each fixed furnace wall is respectively provided with a fan and an ignition burner which are controlled by a control center.
Preferably, the movable furnace wall is formed by combining two linear furnace walls and a temporary filling wall built by bricks in the middle opening part, and the inner surface of the temporary filling wall is stuck with continuous fireproof cotton by high-temperature glue and is fixed by a pre-embedded molybdenum wire connecting piece; and the concrete column test piece is arranged at the middle opening part, and the temporary infilled wall is built in a preset fire state.
Preferably, the vertical reaction frame comprises four steel columns and two longitudinal steel beams, the four steel columns are fixed on the base platform and form the two longitudinal rigid frames with the two longitudinal steel beams, 2 rows of connecting holes are formed in the connecting end surfaces of the steel columns and the longitudinal steel beams, and the longitudinal steel beams can move up and down to appropriate positions as required and then are connected with the steel columns; the upper flange and the lower flange of the longitudinal steel beam are provided with 2 rows of connecting holes, and the upper flanges at two ends of the transverse steel beam are respectively fixed on the lower flange of the longitudinal steel beam through bolts; and the transverse steel beam is positioned right above the middle of the furnace body and is vertical to the vertical surface of the horizontal reaction wall.
Preferably, the vertical load loading device comprises a jack with a spherical hinge, a horizontal rolling support and a pressure sensor, the jack with the spherical hinge is suspended on the lower flange of the transverse steel beam through the horizontal rolling support, and the pressure sensor is arranged between the jack with the spherical hinge and the top surface of the concrete column test piece.
Preferably, the horizontal tension and compression servo loading device comprises a tension and compression servo jack, a first loading plate, a second loading plate, an anchor rod and an anchor bolt; the pull-press servo jack is fixed on the horizontal reaction wall, the first loading plate and the second loading plate are respectively fixed at two ends of the top of the concrete column test piece, and the anchor rod penetrates through the first loading plate and the second loading plate to be fixed with the concrete column test piece; the second loading plate is connected with the tension and compression servo jack through an anchor bolt; and a pressure sensor and a displacement sensor are arranged in the tension and compression servo jack.
Preferably, the fixing device comprises 2 fixing blocks, 2 steel beams, 2 manual jacks, a plurality of sets of bolt rods and nuts; the steel beam is placed on the upper surface of the concrete column test piece ground beam, and the bolt rod penetrates through a bolt hole reserved in the steel beam and is connected with a ground anchor pre-embedded on the foundation platform through a nut; the fixed blocks are arranged at two ends of a concrete column test piece ground beam, and each fixed block is connected with a ground anchor pre-embedded on the foundation platform through a bolt rod and a nut; and 2 manual jacks are respectively arranged between the fixing block and the ground beam of the concrete column test piece and tightly prop against the end face of the concrete column test piece.
Preferably, the air pressure acquisition system, the temperature acquisition system, the displacement acquisition system, the load acquisition system and the strain acquisition system are respectively used for measurement by installing an air pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a displacement sensor, a pressure sensor and a strain gauge at a measuring point.
A realization method based on the concrete column pseudo-static test after non-ambient fire comprises the following steps:
building a concrete foundation platform, and pre-embedding a steel bar, profile steel and a ground anchor before pouring; building a concrete horizontal reaction wall, then building a furnace body suitable for a pseudo-static test of the concrete column after non-peripheral fire, and installing a vertical reaction frame, a vertical load loading device and a horizontal tension and compression servo loading device;
designing and manufacturing a concrete column test piece, hoisting the concrete column test piece after curing for a preset time, building a temporary filler wall according to a set fire mode, pasting fireproof cotton on the inner side, laying fireproof materials in a hearth, and covering a furnace cover, wherein a gap between a gap of the furnace cover and the concrete column test piece is filled with the fireproof cotton;
arranging a data acquisition system;
and igniting to perform a fire test in a non-peripheral fire-receiving mode of the load-holding concrete column, after flameout and cooling, moving the furnace cover, detaching the temporary filling wall, moving the movable furnace wall and the fireproof material, installing a fixing device, and performing a pseudo-static test by using a vertical load loading device and a horizontal tension and compression servo loading device.
Preferably, after the ignition test is started, the control center receives furnace temperature and furnace pressure information and controls the real-time furnace temperature to be heated according to a set heating curve, and the data acquisition system acquires fire response parameters of the concrete column test piece in the test process through the temperature sensor, the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor.
Preferably, in the pseudo-static test process, observing the crack width and the development process of the concrete column test piece and the damage form of the concrete column, and collecting the test results of vertical force and horizontal force applied in the test process, displacement and strain of key parts and the like; the horizontal tension and compression servo loading device performs a one-way push-cover process test or a low-cycle repeated loading test.
Preferably, the concrete column test piece is an inverted T-shaped test piece, and the top of the test piece is provided with an expansion head; the vertical load loading device applies a vertical force action line which passes through the centroid of the upper surface of the test piece top expanding head, and the horizontal tension and compression servo loading device applies a horizontal force action line which passes through the centroid of the side surface of the test piece top expanding head.
In the invention:
(1) The foundation of the vertical reaction frame, the horizontal reaction wall and the fixing device of the non-peripheral fire-bearing concrete column pseudo-static test device is a foundation platform, and the test device integrally forms a self-balancing device. And 2 rows of ground anchors are pre-embedded on the foundation platform and used for installing a fixing device to realize the restraint of the concrete column bottom as a fixed end. During a fire test, the ground beam of the concrete column test piece cannot slide with the ground under the action of vertical load, so that the concrete column test piece is directly placed on the foundation platform. During the pseudo-static test, the upper surface and two sides of the concrete column test piece ground beam are restrained by the fixing device, and the root of the column test piece is a fixed end.
(2) The implementation of the pseudo-static test of the concrete column after non-ambient fire comprises two steps of the fire test of the non-ambient fire and the pseudo-static test after the fire of a test piece, wherein the form of the column test piece is an inverted T-shaped test piece. In order to meet the requirement that the top of a test piece extends out of a furnace cover so as to apply vertical load during a fire test, the height of a test piece beam is preferably and properly adjusted according to the height of a hearth during the design of the test piece, and if the height of the hearth is insufficient, a temporary filling wall can be built by bricks above the furnace wall to increase the height of the hearth. In addition, during fire tests, temporary filler walls, ground anchors, ground beams and the like need to be protected against fire. When the vertical load borne by the test piece is small or the fire duration is short, the influence of whether the load is maintained and unloaded at high temperature on the bearing performance after the disaster is small, and the test piece can be unloaded after flameout without applying the vertical load or applying the load before ignition at high temperature. When the vertical load borne by the test piece is large or the fire duration is long, whether the load holding and unloading at high temperature possibly has great influence on the bearing performance after the disaster, and the axial force applied by the vertical load loading device keeps constant in the whole process from the beginning of the fire test to the end of the pseudo-static test.
(3) The computer can be used for controlling the temperature of the hearth to rise according to an ISO834 standard temperature rise curve or other set temperature rise curves. The furnace body is fixed on three furnace walls, and the furnace wall on the fourth surface is formed by combining two linear movable furnace walls and a temporary filling wall built by bricks in an opening part with the width of about 1m in the middle according to the fire receiving mode of a concrete column. By flexibly arranging the movable furnace walls and building a small amount of temporary filling walls by using bricks, various non-peripheral fire receiving modes such as three surfaces, adjacent surfaces, single surface and the like of the concrete column test piece can be realized. And a high-temperature camera is arranged on the fixed furnace wall opposite to the movable furnace wall and is used for monitoring the fire burning condition and the appearance condition of the test piece. The center of the furnace cover corresponding to the U-shaped opening of the fixed furnace wall is provided with a notch of 800mm multiplied by 800mm, so that the top of the column test piece extends out of the furnace cover from the notch during fire test, and the top of the test piece is loaded by a vertical load loading device.
(4) Vertical load and horizontal load can be simultaneously applied to the test piece, so that the concrete column can be used for carrying out fire test and post-disaster pseudo-static test continuously, and the test piece does not need to be lifted out of a hearth and transported to an anti-seismic test chamber for pseudo-static test. The position of the longitudinal steel beam of the vertical reaction frame can be adjusted up and down, and then the middle transverse steel beam and the vertical load loading device can be adjusted to be in proper height. The jack with the spherical hinge is hung on the lower flange of the transverse steel beam through the horizontal rolling support, so that the acting position of the vertical load can horizontally move along with the translation of the centroid of the upper surface of the column top during fire test and pseudo-static test, and the vertical load is ensured to always pass through the centroid of the section of the column top. The vertical load loading device can continuously apply constant axial force without unloading in the whole process from the start of an ignition test to the end of a pseudo-static test, and the situation is consistent with the situation when a fire disaster occurs to an actual building structure. The mounting height of the horizontal tension-compression servo loading device can be adjusted according to the height of a test piece, and the applied horizontal force resultant action line can apply unidirectional push load and low-cycle horizontal repeated load to the test piece through the shape center of the side face of the column top expansion head, and the horizontal tension-compression servo loading device is respectively used for the shear performance test and the pseudo-static test of a concrete column test piece.
(5) During fire test, an air pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a displacement sensor, a pressure sensor and the like are arranged at a measuring point and are respectively used for monitoring the air pressure of a hearth, the temperature of the hearth and the measuring point inside a test piece, the vertical displacement of the top of the test piece, the lateral displacement of a non-fire-receiving surface of the test piece and the vertical axial force borne by the test piece. During pseudo-static test after fire, vertical axial force and horizontal force borne by a test piece are monitored through a pressure sensor at the top of the test piece and a pressure sensor arranged in a tension and compression servo loading device respectively, horizontal displacement and out-of-plane displacement at the action point of horizontal load of an expansion head at the top of the test piece, horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of a ground beam are monitored through a displacement sensor, strain of key positions on the surface of concrete is measured through a strain gauge, and the width and length of a crack are measured through a crack width observation instrument and a steel ruler. The respective measuring electric signals and the control electric signals of the ignition burner in the furnace body can be connected with a control center beside the furnace body through a line pipeline, and the automatic control of the ignition, temperature rise process and the pseudo-static test loading process can be realized by utilizing a computer.
The invention provides a set of device capable of better performing a pseudo-static test on a concrete column subjected to non-peripheral fire so as to simulate a real fire scene and a horizontal load effect, and can be used for testing fire behaviors of the concrete column under different fire modes, such as temperature fields, fire endurance and the like, and residual bearing performances of the concrete column under the horizontal load effect after the fire, such as strength, ductility, hysteretic energy consumption and the like; the shearing bearing performance and the anti-seismic performance of the concrete column are tested after the concrete column is subjected to fire in a non-surrounding area, the damage mechanism of the high temperature of the fire to the bearing performance is researched, and a basis is provided for safety identification and repair reinforcement of the concrete structure after the fire. The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention can be better suitable for the pseudo-static test of the concrete column after non-peripheral fire exposure, and can better simulate the influence of different fire exposure modes, thereby more scientifically researching the shear bearing performance and the anti-seismic performance of the concrete column after different fire exposure modes, and providing reliable test data for the damage evaluation of the shear bearing performance and the anti-seismic performance of the concrete column after non-peripheral fire exposure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a test device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 isbase:Sub>A schematic sectional view taken along linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the area a in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of different fire modes of the concrete column, wherein a is a fire mode with three surfaces, b is a fire mode with an adjacent surface, c is a fire mode with a single surface, and d is a T-shaped column.
FIG. 5 isbase:Sub>A schematic elevation view of the furnace body A-A shown in FIG. 4.
Fig. 6 is a top view of the furnace lid.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
with reference to fig. 1 to 6, the concrete column pseudo-static test device after non-ambient fire includes a furnace body 1, a vertical reaction frame 2, a horizontal reaction wall 3, a vertical load loading device 4, a horizontal tension and compression servo loading device 5, a fixing device 6, a foundation platform 7, a data acquisition system and a control center 8. The foundation platform 7 is used as the foundation of the furnace body 1, the vertical reaction frame 2, the horizontal reaction wall 3 and the fixing device 6. The vertical reaction frame 2 is composed of four steel columns 21, two longitudinal steel beams 22 and a middle transverse steel beam 23. 2 rows of 18 ground anchors 71 are pre-embedded in the foundation platform 7, and the longitudinal distance and the transverse distance between every two adjacent ground anchors 71 are 600mm and 200mm, so that the fixing device 6 and the inverted T-shaped concrete column test piece 9 can be installed, and the concrete column bottom is restrained by a fixed end when a pseudo-static test is realized.
The furnace body 1 comprises a furnace wall 11, a furnace cover 12, a natural gas pipeline 13, a discharge flue 14, a water circulation pipeline, a temperature sensor 15, an ignition burner 16, a line pipeline 17, a fan 18 and a high-definition camera 19. The furnace wall 11 is surrounded by two opposite fixed furnace walls 111, a fixed furnace wall 112 located between the two fixed furnace walls 111, and a movable furnace wall. The movable furnace wall is formed by combining two linear movable furnace walls 113 and a temporary filler wall 114 built by bricks in an opening part with the width of about 1m in the middle according to the fire receiving mode of a concrete column 9, the concrete column test piece 9 is arranged at the middle opening part, and the temporary filler wall 114 is built in a preset fire receiving state, so that various non-peripheral fire receiving modes of three surfaces, two adjacent surfaces, one surface and the like of the concrete column test piece can be formed, and the concrete column test piece is shown in figure 4. The furnace body 1 has a length of 3700mm, a width of 3200mm, a height of 1600mm and a furnace wall thickness of 350mm. The inner surface of the temporary infilled wall 114 is adhered with continuous fireproof cotton by high-temperature glue and is fixed by a pre-embedded molybdenum wire connecting piece. The inner sides of the three fixed furnace walls are provided with a discharge flue 14, and the width and the height of the discharge flue 14 are 450mm and 600mm respectively. Each surface of two opposite fixed furnace walls 111 is provided with 2 fans 18 and automatic ignition burners 16, and the third fixed furnace wall 112 is provided with 3 fans 18 and automatic ignition burners 16 and 1 high-temperature camera 19. The three natural gas pipelines 13 which surround the outside of the fixed furnace wall in a U shape are connected with a municipal natural gas pipeline after passing through a pressure reducing valve. The discharge flue 14 is laid on the foundation platform 7, the discharge flue 14 penetrates out of the fixed furnace wall at the corner, the flue gas is discharged outwards through an external chimney after passing through a water circulation pipeline, and the upper surface of the discharge flue 14 is provided with a plurality of discharge ports 141. The furnace cover 12 has a 800X 800mm notch 121 at the center corresponding to the U-shaped opening of the fixed furnace wall, as shown in FIG. 6, and the top of the column test piece 9 is projected out of the furnace cover 12 for fire test. A temperature sensor 15 (e.g., a thermocouple) is disposed inside the furnace wall adjacent to the inside of the ignition burner 16. The ignition burner 16 is controlled by the control center 8.
Four steel columns 21 of the vertical reaction frame 2 are fixedly connected to the base platform 7, the positions of the steel columns 21 are symmetrical about a middle vertical axis of the fixed furnace wall, and the four steel columns 21 and two longitudinal steel beams 22 form two longitudinal rigid frames. The connecting end surfaces of the steel column 21 and the longitudinal steel beams 22 are provided with 2 rows of connecting holes, and the longitudinal steel beams 22 can move up and down to a proper position as required and then are fixedly connected with the steel column 21. The upper and lower flanges of the longitudinal steel beam 22 are provided with 2 rows of connecting holes, and the upper flanges at the two ends of the middle transverse steel beam 23 are respectively connected and fixed on the lower flanges of the longitudinal steel beam 22 through 4 bolts. The middle beam 23 is positioned right above the middle of the furnace body 1 and is vertical to the vertical surface of the horizontal reaction wall 3. The steel column 21, the longitudinal steel beam 22 and the transverse steel beam 23 are provided with continuously distributed stiffening ribs.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the vertical load loading device 4 is composed of a jack 41 with a spherical hinge, a horizontal rolling support 42, a pressure sensor and a steel plate, wherein the jack 41 with the spherical hinge is suspended on the lower flange of the transverse steel beam 23 through the horizontal rolling support 42. A pressure sensor and a square steel plate are arranged between the jack 41 with the spherical hinge and the top surface of the concrete column test piece 9 from top to bottom. The horizontal tension and compression servo loading device 5 comprises a tension and compression servo jack 51, a steel plate 52, a first connecting piece 53, a first loading plate 54, a second loading plate 55, a second connecting piece 56, an anchor rod 57 and an anchor bolt 58. The tension and compression servo jack 51 is fixed on the horizontal reaction wall 3 through a steel plate 52 and a first connecting piece 53. The first loading plate 54 and the second loading plate 55 are fixed at both ends of the enlarged head at the top of the test piece 9, respectively. The anchor rod 57 passes through the first loading plate 54 and the second loading plate 55 to be fixedly connected with the enlarged head of the test piece 9. The second loading plate 55 is connected to the tension and compression servo jack 51 through a second connecting member 56 and an anchor bolt 58. The pressure sensor and the displacement sensor are built in the tension and compression servo jack 51. The fixing device 6 comprises 2 fixing blocks 61, 2 steel beams 62, 2 hand jacks 63, a plurality of sets of bolt rods and nuts. Girder steel 62 is placed in the upper surface of concrete sample 9 grade beam, and shank of bolt 64 passes 2 bolt holes of reserving on girder steel 62, is connected with pre-buried earth anchor 71 on basic platform 7 through the nut, screws up nut 65 and can compress tightly the grade beam of sample 9. The fixed blocks 61 are installed at the positions which are 600mm away from the two end faces of the ground beam of the column test piece 9, 4 holes are reserved in the positions, corresponding to the ground anchors 71, of each fixed block 61, and the fixed blocks are fixed on the foundation platform 7 through 4 bolt rods and nuts. 2. And the manual jacks 63 are arranged between the 2 fixing blocks 61 and the 2 end surfaces of the ground beam of the test piece 9 and tightly push against the end surface of the ground beam of the test piece 9.
The data acquisition system comprises an air pressure acquisition system of a measuring point inside the hearth, a temperature acquisition system of the measuring point inside the hearth and the measuring point inside the test piece, an acquisition system of the deformation of key parts such as horizontal displacement at the center of the test piece expansion head and the like, and a load acquisition system. The respective measuring electrical signals and the control electrical signals of the ignition burner in the furnace body can be connected with a control center 8 beside the furnace body through a lead in a line pipeline. The control center 8 can automatically control the automatic ignition of the ignition burner 16, the temperature rise process of the hearth and the like.
The implementation method of the embodiment is implemented according to the following steps:
(1) Firstly, a concrete foundation platform is built, and reinforcing steel bars, profile steel and ground anchors need to be pre-buried before pouring.
(2) And (3) building a concrete horizontal counterforce wall, and pre-embedding reinforcing steel bars, bolt holes and the like before pouring.
(3) And constructing a furnace body suitable for the pseudo-static test of the concrete column after the periphery of the furnace body is subjected to fire. The inner side of the fixed furnace wall is built by refractory bricks, the surfaces of the refractory bricks are adhered with fiber fireproof felt plates by high-temperature glue, the outer side of the furnace wall is made of a fireproof steel plate, and fireproof fibers are filled between the inner side and the outer side of the furnace wall. The furnace cover is mainly made of refractory steel and fiber fireproof felt plates, and 4 lifting rings are arranged above the furnace cover, so that the furnace cover is convenient to hoist.
(4) And a vertical reaction frame, a vertical load loading device and a horizontal tension and compression servo loading device are installed.
(5) And (4) manufacturing a test piece of the inverted T-shaped concrete column (containing the special-shaped column) according to the test purpose design. Taking the concrete column pseudo-static test after the three surfaces of the concrete column are fired in the figure 4 as an example, a test piece of the inverted T-shaped concrete column is manufactured, and the total length of the test piece is 1880mm. The cross-sectional dimension of the concrete column body is 300mm multiplied by 300mm, the corresponding column body length is 800mm, the ground beam width is 400mm, the length is 1100mm, and the height is 800mm. The width of the cross section of the enlarged head is 300mm, the height of the cross section of the enlarged head is 350mm, and the length of the cross section of the enlarged head is 280mm.
(6) After the test piece is maintained for a preset time, hoisting the inverted T-shaped concrete column test piece, building a temporary filling wall 114 according to a three-surface fire-receiving mode in fig. 4, and pasting fireproof cotton on the inner side. The periphery of the ground anchor in the hearth is fully paved with refractory bricks, 2 layers of fiber fireproof cotton are paved on the upper surface for fireproof protection, and the exposed part of the test piece ground beam is also covered with the fireproof cotton for fireproof protection. After the furnace cover is covered, fireproof cotton is filled in a gap between the notch of the furnace cover and a test piece, a collection system is arranged, a vertical load loading device is utilized to apply axial force to be constant, and the axial pressure ratio is 0.25. The fire test is carried out by igniting the test device in a non-peripheral fire mode of the load-bearing concrete column, and relevant data are collected.
(7) After flameout and cooling, the furnace cover is removed, the temporary filling wall is dismantled, the fireproof cotton covered on the movable furnace wall and the ground beam and the fireproof bricks fully paved on the periphery are removed, and a fixing device is installed to prevent the ground beam from sliding. And adhering a strain gauge on the surface of the concrete and arranging a displacement sensor. And performing a pseudo-static test by using the horizontal tension and compression servo loading device, observing the damage process and form, and collecting relevant test parameters. And in the whole process from the beginning of the fire test to the end of the pseudo-static test, the axial force applied by the vertical load loading device is kept constant. The horizontal tension and compression servo loading device can control loading according to force or displacement as required, can perform a one-way push process test, and can also perform a low-cycle repeated loading test.
The above embodiments are only used to further illustrate the concrete column pseudo-static test device and the implementation method thereof after non-ambient fire according to the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a non-receives fire post concrete column pseudo-static test device all around which characterized in that: the furnace comprises a furnace body, a vertical reaction frame, a horizontal reaction wall, a vertical load loading device, a horizontal tension and compression servo loading device, a fixing device, a foundation platform, a data acquisition system and a control center, wherein the furnace body, the vertical reaction frame, the horizontal reaction wall and the fixing device are arranged on the foundation platform;
the vertical reaction frame comprises two longitudinal rigid frames and a transverse steel beam erected between the two longitudinal rigid frames, the furnace body is arranged in the vertical reaction frame and is surrounded by three fixed furnace walls, one movable furnace wall and a furnace cover, the concrete column test piece is arranged at the movable furnace wall, at least one side surface of the concrete column test piece is exposed to fire in the furnace chamber through the matching of the movable furnace wall, and a notch is formed in the furnace cover so that the top end of the concrete column test piece extends out;
the bottom end of the concrete column test piece is fixed on a foundation platform through the fixing device, the vertical load loading device is installed on the bottom surface of the transverse steel beam and used for applying a vertical load to the top end of the concrete column test piece, and the horizontal tension and compression servo loading device is installed on a horizontal counter-force wall and used for applying a transverse load to the concrete column test piece;
the furnace body also comprises a natural gas pipeline, a discharge flue, a water circulation pipeline, an ignition burner and a fan; the natural gas pipeline is surrounded outside the three fixed furnace walls in a U shape and is connected with a municipal natural gas pipeline; the smoke discharge channel is built on the basic platform and is arranged at the inner sides of the three fixed furnace walls, the fixed furnace walls penetrate through the corners, smoke is discharged outwards through the external chimney after passing through the water circulation pipeline, and the upper surface of the smoke discharge channel is provided with a plurality of smoke discharge ports; a fan and an ignition burner are respectively arranged on each fixed furnace wall, and the ignition burner is controlled by a control center;
the movable furnace wall is formed by combining two in-line furnace walls and a temporary filling wall built by bricks in the middle opening part, and the inner surface of the temporary filling wall is adhered with continuous fireproof cotton by high-temperature glue and is fixed by a pre-embedded molybdenum wire connecting piece; the concrete column test piece is arranged at the middle opening part, and the temporary infilled wall is built in a preset fire state;
the vertical reaction frame comprises four steel columns and two longitudinal steel beams, the four steel columns are fixed on the base platform and form two longitudinal rigid frames with the two longitudinal steel beams, 2 rows of connecting holes are formed in the connecting end surfaces of the steel columns and the longitudinal steel beams, and the longitudinal steel beams can move up and down to appropriate positions as required and then are connected with the steel columns; the upper flange and the lower flange of the longitudinal steel beam are provided with 2 rows of connecting holes, and the upper flanges at the two ends of the transverse steel beam are respectively fixed on the lower flanges of the longitudinal steel beam through bolts; the transverse steel beam is positioned right above the middle of the furnace body and is vertical to the vertical surface of the horizontal reaction wall; the vertical load loading device comprises a jack with a spherical hinge, a horizontal rolling support and a pressure sensor, the jack with the spherical hinge is suspended on the lower flange of the transverse steel beam through the horizontal rolling support, and the pressure sensor is arranged between the jack with the spherical hinge and the top surface of the concrete column test piece;
the horizontal tension and compression servo loading device comprises a tension and compression servo jack, a first loading plate, a second loading plate, an anchor rod and an anchor bolt; the tension and compression servo jack is fixed on the horizontal reaction wall, the first loading plate and the second loading plate are respectively fixed at two ends of the top of the concrete column test piece, and the anchor rod passes through the first loading plate and the second loading plate to be fixed with the concrete column test piece; the second loading plate is connected with the tension and compression servo jack through an anchor bolt; a pressure sensor and a displacement sensor are arranged in the tension and compression servo jack;
the fixing device comprises 2 fixing blocks, 2 steel beams, 2 manual jacks, a plurality of sets of bolt rods and nuts; the steel beam is placed on the upper surface of the concrete column test piece ground beam, and the bolt rod penetrates through a bolt hole reserved in the steel beam and is connected with a ground anchor pre-embedded on the foundation platform through a nut; the fixed blocks are arranged at two ends of the concrete column test piece ground beam, and each fixed block is connected with a ground anchor pre-embedded on the foundation platform through a bolt rod and a nut; 2 manual jacks are respectively arranged between a fixing block and the concrete column test piece ground beam and tightly prop against the end face of the concrete column test piece;
the data acquisition system comprises an air pressure acquisition system for acquiring air pressure in the hearth, a temperature acquisition system for acquiring the internal temperatures of the hearth and the concrete column test piece, a displacement acquisition system for acquiring displacement of the concrete column test piece, a strain acquisition system for acquiring strain of the concrete column test piece and a load acquisition system for acquiring loads of the vertical load loading device and the horizontal tension and compression servo loading device, and information acquired by the data acquisition system is transmitted to the control center.
2. The non-post-ambient-fire concrete column pseudo-static test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pressure acquisition system, the temperature acquisition system, the displacement acquisition system, the load acquisition system and the strain acquisition system are respectively used for measurement by installing a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a displacement sensor, a pressure sensor and a strain gauge at a measuring point.
3. A method for realizing the pseudo-static test of the concrete column after non-four-week fire based on any one of the claims 1-2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
building a concrete foundation platform, and pre-embedding a steel bar, profile steel and a ground anchor before pouring; building a concrete horizontal counter-force wall, then building a furnace body suitable for a pseudo-static test of the concrete column after non-peripheral fire exposure, and installing a vertical counter-force frame, a vertical load loading device and a horizontal tension and compression servo loading device;
designing and manufacturing a concrete column test piece, hoisting the concrete column test piece after curing for a preset time, building a temporary filling wall according to a set fire receiving mode, pasting fireproof cotton on the inner side, laying fireproof materials in a hearth, and covering a furnace cover, wherein a gap between a gap of the furnace cover and the concrete column test piece is filled with the fireproof cotton;
arranging a data acquisition system;
and igniting to perform a fire test in a non-peripheral fire-receiving mode of the load-holding concrete column, after flameout and cooling, moving the furnace cover, detaching the temporary filling wall, moving the movable furnace wall and the fireproof material, installing a fixing device, and performing a pseudo-static test by using a vertical load loading device and a horizontal tension and compression servo loading device.
4. The method for realizing the pseudo-static test of the concrete column after non-four-week fire according to claim 3, is characterized in that: and after the ignition test is started, the control center receives furnace temperature and furnace pressure information and controls the real-time furnace temperature to be heated according to a set heating curve, and the data acquisition system acquires fire response parameters of the concrete column test piece in the test process through temperature, displacement and pressure sensors.
5. The method for realizing the pseudo-static test of the concrete column after non-four-week fire according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in the pseudo-static test process, observing the crack width and the development process of the concrete column test piece and the damage form of the concrete column, and collecting the test results of the vertical force and the horizontal force applied in the test process and the displacement and the strain of the key part; the horizontal tension and compression servo loading device performs a one-way push process test or a low-cycle repeated loading test.
6. The method for realizing the pseudo-static test of the concrete column after non-four-week fire according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the concrete column test piece is an inverted T-shaped test piece, and the top of the inverted T-shaped test piece is provided with an expansion head; and a vertical force action line applied by the vertical load loading device passes through the centroid of the upper surface of the test piece top expanding head, and a horizontal force action line applied by the horizontal tension and compression servo loading device passes through the centroid of the side surface of the test piece top expanding head.
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