CN107166489B - Small house type device for storing energy, heating, disinfecting and reducing PM2.5 by using off-peak electricity - Google Patents
Small house type device for storing energy, heating, disinfecting and reducing PM2.5 by using off-peak electricity Download PDFInfo
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- CN107166489B CN107166489B CN201710586713.4A CN201710586713A CN107166489B CN 107166489 B CN107166489 B CN 107166489B CN 201710586713 A CN201710586713 A CN 201710586713A CN 107166489 B CN107166489 B CN 107166489B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
- F24D15/02—Other domestic- or space-heating systems consisting of self-contained heating units, e.g. storage heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1096—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for electric heating systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
- F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
- F24F3/16—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by purification, e.g. by filtering; by sterilisation; by ozonisation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/20—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/08—Electric heater
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
- F24D2220/10—Heat storage materials, e.g. phase change materials or static water enclosed in a space
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
- F24F2221/18—Details or features not otherwise provided for combined with domestic apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
Abstract
The invention relates to a device for heating, disinfecting and reducing PM2.5 by using off-peak electricity energy storage for small houses. A unique three-chamber combined module is adopted and comprises an equipment shell, a primary fan, a pressure equalizing chamber, a secondary fan, an air distribution channel, a front heat-resistant steel partition plate, a rear heat-resistant steel partition plate, a left normal-temperature air channel, a right normal-temperature air channel, a left ascending preheating chamber, a right ascending preheating chamber, a descending heat storage chamber, an electric heating body, an acid refractory material heat storage body, a basic refractory material heat storage body, a long heat-resistant steel bar, a short heat-resistant steel bar, a phase-change heat storage body, a left heat-resistant steel partition plate, a right heat-resistant steel partition plate, a device bottom plate, a heat storage box bottom plate, an air distribution channel bottom plate, a front side plate, a rear side plate, a device top plate, a heat storage box top plate, a warm air channel, a warm air ejection guide plate, an intelligent control power supply box, various heat-resistant steel partition plates and the like. The invention can use the off-peak electricity to heat all day, has the functions of high-temperature combustion, high-temperature adsorption chemical combination, transverse heat transfer and waste heat recovery, can thoroughly purify the indoor air without cost, does not generate secondary pollution, and is suitable for purifying the energy storage heating air in indoor winter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of indoor heating, in particular to a device for heating, disinfecting and reducing PM2.5 by utilizing off-peak electricity energy storage for small houses.
Background
In the existing heating technology utilizing off-peak electricity energy storage, the following technologies are representative:
the high-voltage electric energy storage heating device disclosed in CN101713564A, the off-peak electric heat storage heating equipment disclosed in CN205783261U and the like transmit the heat of a high-temperature heat storage body to water (or other fluids) in a heat exchanger by utilizing closed forced circulation air, and then the hot water is forced to circulate to each radiator, thereby realizing the centralized heating in the traditional form. The design idea is to equip a complex water pipeline and a heating sheet, so that the investment is high, the service life and the heating uniformity of equipment are influenced by water scale, the service life and the safety of the variable frequency fan for driving the closed circulating air work at a high temperature, certain problems exist in the service life and the safety of the variable frequency fan, and only the heating function can be realized, but the functions of sterilizing and reducing PM2.5 are not realized.
CN105240898A discloses a phase change heat storage warmer, which uses the phase change heat of phase change material to store heat, and under the same heat storage capacity, the weight of the heat storage body is reduced, and the air is directly heated, so that the water heat exchange link is omitted, the equipment is simplified, and the PM2.5 reduction and disinfection functions are still not provided.
CN2052 08707U discloses a multipurpose warmer using a wire mesh heat accumulator to heat air circularly, which is designed by adding a function of heating food while heating, but the heat storage capacity is obviously insufficient, the warmer does not have a function of using valley electricity, and no measure for preventing burn, scald, and even fire accident is designed, so that the warmer is a heating device which can be opened at any time, has a certain disinfection function, and still has no function of reducing PM 2.5.
Among the existing indoor air purification (disinfection, PM2.5 reduction) technologies, the following technologies are representative:
a photocatalytic air purifier disclosed in CN106512722A, a photocatalytic air purifying and disinfecting module disclosed in CN204786926U, a disinfecting and photocatalytic oxidation device disclosed in CN201834788U, an air purifying apparatus disclosed in CN1981878A, an air purifying system equipped with the apparatus and use thereof, an air purifying medium unit, an air purifying apparatus and an air purifying method disclosed in CN103742988A, and a plasma nano photocatalytic air purifying and disinfecting apparatus for an air conditioning system disclosed in CN101799203A, which adopt the technologies of filtering, adsorption, photocatalytic oxidation and the like. Wherein the filtering technique comprises: the filter screen is formed by laminating one or more of a coarse filter screen, a medium filter screen, a HEPA high-efficiency filter screen, even an electrostatic electret filter screen, a photocatalyst filter screen, an active carbon filter screen and the like; the adsorption technology comprises the following steps: a net or porous granular layer of activated carbon, activated carbon fiber, molecular sieve, or the like; the photocatalytic oxidation technology comprises an ultraviolet source and a photocatalytic catalyst, wherein the ultraviolet source is 185nm, 254nm, 100-400 nm, 230-300 nm of nitrogen ultraviolet (350-400 nm) generated in an ultraviolet lamp or a plasma discharge process, the photocatalytic catalyst is TiO2, snO2, znO, pbO2, WO3, zrO2, cdS, srTiO3 and Fe2O3, is mostly a coating net or plate of one or more of nano-porous substances or multi-porous substances, and the photocatalytic catalyst is also a few of metal catalysts (one or more of Au, ag, ru, rn, pd, os, ir and Pt) or even one or more of ozone decomposition catalysts (MnO 2, ceO2, mgO, cu2O, cr2O3 and NiO) superposed or added in the photocatalyst.
The filtering filter screens, particularly high-efficiency filter screens, in the technologies need to be cleaned or even replaced regularly, and the adsorbing materials also need to be desorbed regularly, so that the process is not only troublesome, but also needs certain skills and residual substances, and secondary pollution is easily caused. In addition, there are some techniques for sterilizing by ultraviolet rays alone or by an ozone generator alone, and the completeness of sterilization cannot be expected, but the ozone concentration is too high, which is a pollution.
Among the indoor air purification technology that has the heating function of current, following technique is representative:
CN1602964A discloses a high-temperature disinfection and sterilization machine, which integrates a filter, an ozone generator, a heating (electric heating tube or high-temperature smoke tube) for disinfection, an ultraviolet irradiation box, a refrigeration and heating component, and an active carbon net, and theoretically can improve the disinfection effect, but there is no corresponding improvement measure for the aforementioned problems and weaknesses of each technology, and there is no suitable temperature range of the heated air, and from the structural characteristics, the heated temperature of the air is probably lower than 800 ℃. At this time, the oxidation of a small amount of organic pollutants in the air may be incomplete to cause incomplete disinfection, and thus the practicability thereof remains to be observed.
CN1602965A discloses a combustion type high-temperature disinfection and sterilization device, the invention provides a heat exchange structure with simple structure and excellent performance, high-temperature waste gas after combustion is utilized to heat air for disinfection, simultaneously air intake is utilized to absorb heat, exhaust temperature is reduced, energy consumption is saved, the device is suitable for air disinfection and instant heating, has no heat storage function, and is limited by the performance and the service life of a double-spiral material, and the temperature for heating air is not more than 800 ℃. At this time, the oxidation of a small amount of organic pollutants in the air may be incomplete, resulting in incomplete disinfection, and when the temperature is too high or the service life is reached, the mixture of combustion exhaust gas and disinfected air is also easily formed, resulting in more serious pollution.
CN105674429A discloses a convection type heater with air purification function, CN104474884A discloses a thermophotovoltaic combined type photocatalytic air purifier, CN206018842U discloses an air purifier with heating function, CN103807960A discloses a multifunctional air purifier; the heating function is basically added on the basis of the prior air purification technology, the air purifier is suitable for air disinfection and instant heating, and the air purifier does not have the function of storing energy and heating by utilizing off-peak electricity.
The prior art with heat accumulating type heating and air purifying functions simultaneously:
CN101344315A discloses a convection type electric heating tube heat storage electric heater, which, although the claims and the specification do not mention the disinfection function, does have a certain disinfection function, and with a little improvement, the disinfection function is further improved. There is still no measure designed to prevent burns, scalds and even fire accidents.
The most praised is the intelligent dust-removing sterilizing air-purifying heat-accumulating type electric heater disclosed in CN105115015A, the concept of simultaneously realizing heat-accumulating type heating and air purification is definitely provided, an ozone generator polar plate assembly is arranged at the bottom of the equipment, and indoor air directly passes through a heat accumulating plate, so that the equipment is added with a stronger dust-removing sterilizing function, a water heat exchange system is also cancelled, and the whole equipment is simplified. The slightly insufficient is that no measures are designed for preventing burns, scalds and even fire accidents, the heat storage capacity is insufficient, the air outlet temperature is high, the air quantity subjected to high-temperature treatment is limited, the disinfection effect is reduced if the ozone concentration is too low, and the ozone concentration is too high and secondary pollution is caused.
In summary, the existing air purification and disinfection technologies such as filtration, adsorption, ultraviolet ray, photocatalysis, ozone and the like have the problems of secondary pollution (pollutants or bacteria are accumulated on a filter material or an adsorption material, or a small amount of NOx is newly generated, or the concentration of ozone is high, and the like) and complex use and maintenance, short service life and the like to different degrees; in the heat accumulating type heating technology, air purification is rarely considered.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a device for heating, disinfecting and reducing PM2.5 by using off-peak electricity energy storage for small houses. The unique three-chamber combined module is adopted, the core thermotechnical part is designed to have a strong high-temperature combustion function and a high-temperature adsorption chemical combination function, and the core thermotechnical part has a strong waste heat recovery function by strengthening horizontal transverse heat transfer, so that the energy of high-temperature energy storage heating is directly utilized, indoor air sterilization is carried out more thoroughly without cost and maintenance, and PM2.5 work is reduced, so that the operation cost is reduced, secondary pollution is avoided, and the safety and reliability are improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a small house type device for heating, disinfecting and reducing PM2.5 by using off-peak electricity energy storage comprises an equipment shell, a primary fan, a secondary fan, an air distribution channel and an electric heating chamber;
a primary fan is arranged on the device bottom plate below the inside of the equipment shell, a secondary fan is arranged between the device bottom plate and the heat storage box bottom plate above the device bottom plate through an air distribution channel bottom plate, a pressure equalizing chamber is formed between the device bottom plate and the air distribution channel bottom plate, and an air distribution channel is formed between the air distribution channel bottom plate and the heat storage box bottom plate;
based on the first path of pressurized air of the secondary fan, a three-chamber combined module is arranged in the equipment shell above the air distribution channel according to the arrangement mode of the vertical air channel, and comprises a middle descending heat storage chamber, and a left ascending preheating chamber and a right ascending preheating chamber which have the same functions and are arranged on two sides; an electric heating chamber is communicated above the three-chamber combined module, an electric heating body is arranged in the electric heating chamber, and an acid refractory material heat accumulator, an alkaline refractory material heat accumulator, a short heat-resistant steel bar, a long heat-resistant steel bar and a phase change heat accumulator are arranged in the three-chamber combined module from top to bottom; the first path of pressurized air respectively enters a left ascending preheating chamber and a right ascending preheating chamber at two sides through an air distribution channel, is gradually preheated in the ascending process, is further heated to 800-1150 ℃ by an electric heating body after reaching an electric heating chamber, is converged and then downwards enters a descending heat storage chamber, gradually stores heat in various heat storage bodies in the descending process, reduces the temperature of the heat to form warm air, enters a warm air channel positioned at the front side of a three-chamber combined module through a ventilation opening at the front lower part and is sprayed out through a warm air outlet at the upper part of the warm air channel, and the first path of pressurized air reversely moves in the three-chamber combined module to complete preheating temperature rise, heat storage temperature reduction and air purification;
and based on the second path of normal temperature air of the primary fan, a front normal temperature air channel, a rear normal temperature air channel, a left normal temperature air channel and a right normal temperature air channel are arranged between the outer sides of the three-chamber combined module and the warm air channel and the equipment shell, and air outlets of the four normal temperature air channels are converged with the first path of warm air of the warm air channel at a warm air outlet.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:
it is known that indoor pollution is higher than that of the general outdoor environment, and indoor pollution in winter is more serious and threatens human health, and the main pollutants are:
the first category, also the largest proportion of indoor pollutants, are organic pollutants, including gaseous or solid pollutants such as smoke, cooking fumes, meal volatiles, household appliances, decorative and textile volatiles and debris, human secretory metabolites, and the like.
The second category of indoor pollutants are various bacteria and insects and residues left after killing.
The third type of indoor pollutants are conventional pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxide and the like.
The fourth type of indoor pollutants are other dust entering the room, such as PM2.5, PM10 and the like.
The invention firstly considers that the air to be processed can be conveniently heated to a high temperature state of 800-1150 ℃ in the process of utilizing off-peak electricity to accumulate heat for heating, almost all of the pollutants including most of PM2.5 in the high temperature air are combusted and oxidized, and the residual substances (including gaseous substances and dust) have only four properties: alkaline substance, acidic substance, amphoteric substance and neutral substance, which are all adsorbed, combined and fixed by alkaline or acidic refractory material under 800-1150 deg.C, and have great surface activity and chemical activity, so that physical adsorption and chemical reaction can easily occur, that is, at high temperature, the acidic refractory material heat accumulator can remove alkaline, amphoteric and neutral pollutants (having the function of reducing and removing a small amount of NOx by organic pollutants through the catalytic reaction of TiO 2), the alkaline refractory material heat accumulator can remove acidic, amphoteric and neutral pollutants, and the final product of the method is only the trace increase of CO2 and H2O in air, which is the most natural, reliable and thorough disinfection method without secondary pollution, and besides heating cost, no other cost is added, which is equivalent to 'no-cost' air purification, and the problems of frequent replacement, secondary pollution and the like in other air purification technologies are avoided.
Secondly, how to utilize the off-peak electricity, in a short time (5-7 hours), the storage is sufficient, and the high-temperature disinfection can be carried out in other time (17-19 hours), the heat energy and the conditions of PM2.5 and heating are reduced, which needs to have stronger heat storage capability and use heat storage materials with purification function than the existing heat storage and heating technology, and needs to recycle the heat of the high-temperature air heated to 800-1150 ℃ back for storing and preheating the newly-entered low-temperature air, only in this way, the air quantity after high-temperature purification can reach the maximum under the limited total heat and a certain hour heat supply quantity, the stable air purification function and heating function at 800-1150 ℃ can be realized continuously for 24 hours, and the heat storage materials and the whole device are required to have strong horizontal heat transfer and waste heat recovery functions.
Secondly, if the air is heated to over 1200 ℃ or the state of electric arc and the like exists, thermal NOx pollution can be generated, which is the reason that the temperature of a high-temperature area (including the surface of a heating body) is automatically controlled to be 800-1150 ℃ by utilizing an electric heating body or a heating rod and adopting strict overtemperature protection measures.
More specifically, the functions specifically enhanced by the present invention are: the heat storage function, the physical and chemical adsorption combination function, the horizontal transverse heat transfer function and the waste heat recovery function do not need to frequently replace components or desorb, and the possibility of secondary pollution is avoided.
In conclusion, compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of keeping smaller volume, having stronger heat storage capacity, heat transfer capacity and waste heat recovery capacity, reducing the temperature change difference of a high-temperature area all day long, always keeping a high-temperature area (which is the lower limit of the temperature of complete combustion) above 800 ℃, increasing much air quantity after high-temperature disinfection, increasing the indoor air purification and ventilation rate, and realizing 24-hour continuous 'no cost', no secondary pollution and more complete air purification while stabilizing heat storage and heating. Even if the power is cut off suddenly at any time, the invention can still rely on the height difference between the air outlet and the air inlet to generate natural pumping force to continuously play the functions of air movement, heat storage, heat transfer, waste heat recovery and disinfection to a certain extent without any dangerous situation.
Further, the preferred scheme of the invention is as follows:
the three-chamber combined module is positioned at the middle rear side in the equipment shell, is surrounded by a high-temperature-region left clapboard, a high-temperature-region rear clapboard, a high-temperature-region right clapboard, a high-temperature-region front clapboard, a heat storage box top plate, a heat storage box bottom plate, a lining fireproof heat insulation layer supporting plate, a middle-temperature heat insulation layer and a high-temperature heat insulation layer, and is divided into a left-rising preheating chamber, a descending heat storage chamber and a right-rising preheating chamber which are arranged in parallel by a left heat-resistant steel clapboard and a right heat-resistant steel clapboard.
In the three-chamber combined module, the region provided with the acid refractory material heat accumulator and the alkaline refractory material heat accumulator is a high-temperature region, and the acid refractory material heat accumulator and the alkaline refractory material heat accumulator in the high-temperature region penetrate through an integral structure of three chambers of the left ascending preheating chamber, the descending heat accumulator and the right ascending preheating chamber or are two integral structures separated in the middle of the descending heat accumulator, namely the integral two chambers penetrate through the heat accumulator, and the three chambers are only separated by a concave-convex primary-secondary sealing structure filled with slurry inside.
The acid refractory heat accumulator is one of a high-density SiC brick or a silica brick with a porous nano TiO2 or SiO2 coating loaded on the surface, a high-density clay brick, a mullite brick, a cordierite brick and a high-alumina brick with a porous nano TiO2 or SiO2 coating loaded on the surface, or is in a cast-in-place structure without burning a precast block or a casting material; the acid refractory heat accumulator has a vertically through gas channel.
The alkaline refractory heat accumulator is one of a high-density magnesia-alumina spinel brick, a magnesia brick and a dolomite brick with a porous nano CaCO3 coating loaded on the surface, or is of a non-sintered precast block or castable cast-in-place structure, and is provided with a vertically through gas channel.
The middle part of the three-chamber combined module is provided with a middle temperature region in which the short heat-resistant steel bar and the long heat-resistant steel bar are arranged, the short heat-resistant steel bar and the long heat-resistant steel bar in the middle temperature region are of an integral structure penetrating through the three chambers of the left ascending preheating chamber, the descending heat storage chamber and the right ascending preheating chamber (11), or the short heat-resistant steel bar and the long heat-resistant steel bar are disconnected at the center of the descending heat storage chamber to form a two-chamber penetrating structure, and a welding structure is arranged between the left heat-resistant steel partition plate and the right heat-resistant steel partition plate which separate the three chambers and the short heat-resistant steel bar and the long heat-resistant steel bar.
The middle-lower part of the three-chamber combined module is provided with a middle-low temperature region, the heat accumulator of the middle-low temperature region is a whole three-chamber through phase change heat accumulator, or the phase change heat accumulator is disconnected at the middle position of the descending heat accumulator to form a two-chamber through structure, the heat of the descending heat accumulator is guided into the left ascending preheating chamber and the right ascending preheating chamber at two sides during heat storage, and a welding structure is arranged between the left heat-resistant steel partition plate and the right heat-resistant steel partition plate for separating the three chambers and the phase change heat accumulator.
The phase change heat accumulator is a seamless stainless steel elliptical tube filled with low-melting-point alloy in a sealing manner. Other phase-change materials can be adopted, and at the temperature, the latent heat of fusion is utilized, so that the transverse heat conduction, the waste heat recovery capability and the heat storage capability are further enhanced, and the overall dimension of the device is greatly reduced. The oval shape improves heat transfer, reduces wind resistance, reduces internal stress caused by volume change of the internal phase change material in the phase change process, and prolongs the service life.
An intelligent control power supply box is arranged in a low-temperature area at the middle lower part of a right panel of the device, and the intelligent control power supply box intelligently controls the start and stop and the frequency of the primary fan and the secondary fan in a frequency conversion mode according to the indoor temperature requirement; according to the temperature detection result, intelligently controlling the electric heating power of the low-valley electricity of the electric heating body arranged in the electric heating chamber; the intelligent control power supply box is also provided with an electric leakage protection unit, an overcurrent protection unit, an overtemperature protection unit and a fault prompt unit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view (cross-sectional view B-B in FIG. 2) of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken at C-C of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a warm air blowing port (view A in FIG. 4);
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view E-E of FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line F-F of FIG. 2;
in the figure: an apparatus casing 1; a primary fan 2; a pressure equalizing chamber 3; a secondary fan 4; an air distribution channel 5; a left normal temperature air channel 6; a right normal temperature air passage 7; a device left panel 8; a device right panel 9; a left-hand rising preheating chamber 10; a right-hand preheating chamber 11; an electric heating chamber 12; an electric heating element 13; a refractory top plate 14; a high-temperature insulating layer 15; a medium temperature heat-insulating layer 16; an acid refractory heat accumulator 17; a descending regenerator 18; an alkaline refractory heat accumulator 19; a short refractory steel bar 20; a long heat-resistant steel bar 21; a phase-change heat storage body 22; a left heat-resistant steel separator 23; a right heat resistant steel spacer 24; a device chassis 25; a heat storage tank bottom plate 26; a wind distribution channel bottom plate 27; a front side plate 28 of the air distribution channel; a rear side plate 29 of the air distribution passage; a device front panel 30; a device rear panel 31; a front normal temperature air duct 32; a rear normal temperature air passage 33; a device top plate 34; a heat storage tank top plate 35; a high temperature zone front partition 36; a high temperature zone rear partition 37; a high temperature zone left baffle 38; a high temperature zone right partition plate 39; a refractory insulating layer supporting plate 40; a warm air passage front partition plate 41; the warm air blowing guide plate 42; an intelligent control power supply box 43; a roller 44; a warm air passage 45; in order to show the function and the structure principle more clearly, a simpler force transmission rib plate is omitted in the drawing.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1-7, a device for heating, disinfecting and reducing PM2.5 by using off-peak electricity energy storage for small houses, which is a movable and vertical structure and adopts a three-chamber combined module, a primary fan 2 is arranged on a device bottom plate 25 below the inside of an equipment shell 1 (the inner surface of which is coated with a thin layer of heat insulation coating and the outer surface of which is provided with various decorative measures), a space surrounded by an upper heat storage box bottom plate 26 is a pressure equalizing chamber 3, an air distribution channel 5 and a secondary fan 4 are arranged below the heat storage box bottom plate 26, and further pressurized air (called as first path air) is divided into two paths which are respectively sent into a left-rising preheating chamber 10 and a right-rising preheating chamber 11 at two sides, so that the air is gradually preheated in the rising movement process; the left ascending preheating chamber 10, the descending heat storage chamber 18 and the right ascending preheating chamber 11 (forming a three-chamber combined module) are positioned at the middle rear side in the equipment shell 1, an electric heating chamber 12, an acid refractory heat storage body 17, an alkaline refractory heat storage body 19, a short heat-resistant steel bar 20, a long heat-resistant steel bar 21, a phase change heat storage body 22, a left heat-resistant steel partition plate 23 and a right heat-resistant steel partition plate 24 are arranged in the equipment shell from top to bottom, and are surrounded by a high-temperature-region left partition plate 38, a high-temperature-region rear partition plate 37, a high-temperature-region right partition plate 39, a high-temperature-region front partition plate 36, a heat storage box top plate 35, a heat storage box bottom plate 26, a lining fireproof heat-insulating layer supporting plate 40, a medium-temperature heat insulating layer 16 and a high-temperature heat insulating layer 15; the electric heating chamber 12 at the upper part is a free space (only an electric heating body 13 is arranged), a three-chamber communicated space is formed, two air flows which ascend along the left ascending preheating chamber 10 and the right ascending preheating chamber 11 and are preheated are merged here and are further heated to 800-1150 ℃ by the electric heating body 13, the merged air (first air flow) can descend along the descending heat storage chamber 18 and store most of heat into the acid refractory heat accumulator 17, the alkaline refractory heat accumulator 19, the short heat-resistant steel bar 20, the long heat-resistant steel bar 21 and the phase-change heat accumulator 22, the self temperature of the heat accumulator is reduced to be changed into warm air, and the warm air enters a warm air channel 45 through a ventilation opening formed in the center of the lower part of the high-temperature zone front partition plate 36, and the warm air channel 45 is positioned at the middle front side in the equipment shell 1 and is surrounded by a high-temperature zone left partition plate 38, a high-temperature zone front partition plate 36, a high-temperature zone right partition plate 39, a warm air channel front partition plate 41, a heat accumulator bottom plate 26 and a warm air ejection guide plate 42; guided by the warm air blowing guide plate 42 at the top, the mixture is mixed with a second normal temperature air (described below) and blown out of the apparatus case 1.
The first path of air completes combustion, physical and chemical adsorption and chemical combination fixation of pollutants such as bacteria and PM2.5 simultaneously in the turning motion (high-efficiency countercurrent heat transfer is realized), the acidic and alkaline preheating at 600-1000 ℃ and the acidic and alkaline heat storage at 800-1150 ℃, and the thoroughly purified warm air enters the room. The design idea of the unique three-chamber combined module is as follows: between the heat storage chamber (arranged in the middle and the air releases heat) and the two preheating chambers (arranged on two sides of the heat storage chamber and the air absorbs heat), an effective sealing structure and an integral three-chamber penetrating heat storage body (or an integral two-chamber penetrating heat storage body separated in the middle of the heat storage chamber can eliminate expansion stress) are adopted, the air keeps countercurrent movement in the three-chamber combined module, and horizontal transverse heat transfer and waste heat recovery are enhanced. The chambers are continuously kept with high-efficiency operation functions (air movement, heat storage, heat transfer, waste heat recovery and disinfection) no matter in the late midnight valley electric heating stage or in the daytime pure heat release stage.
A second path of normal temperature air is supplied by a primary fan 2, and is divided into four air streams (respectively called front air stream, rear air stream, left air stream and right air stream) above a pressure equalizing chamber 3 at the lower part of the equipment shell 1; the front normal temperature air channel 32 is positioned in the middle (front) of the front of the equipment shell 1 and is surrounded by a high-temperature zone left partition plate 38, a warm air channel front partition plate 41, a high-temperature zone right partition plate 39, a device front panel 30, a warm air spraying guide plate 42 and an air distribution channel front side plate 28, and after rising through the front normal temperature air channel 32, the front wind is sprayed out of the equipment shell 1 after being mixed with the first wind (warm air) from a ventilation port below the first wind warm air spraying guide plate 42; the rear normal-temperature air channel 33 is positioned in the rear middle (back) of the equipment shell 1 and is surrounded by a high-temperature-area left partition plate 38, a device rear panel 31, a high-temperature-area right partition plate 39 and a high-temperature-area rear partition plate 37, rear air rises through the rear normal-temperature air channel 33, is turned at 90 degrees at the top of the equipment shell 1, moves forwards from a gap between a device top plate 34 and a heat storage box top plate 35, and is sprayed out of the equipment shell 1 after being mixed with first air (warm air) at a vent on a warm air spraying guide plate 42; the left normal-temperature air channel 6 is positioned on the left side of the equipment shell 1, and is surrounded by a left device panel 8, a rear device panel 31, a left high-temperature area partition plate 38, a front device panel 30 and a top device plate 34, a left air stream rises through the left normal-temperature air channel 6, then, one part of the left air stream is turned by 90 degrees at the top of the equipment shell 1, enters a gap between the top device plate 34 and a heat storage box top plate 35, is mixed with a rear air stream (normal temperature) and moves forwards, and is sprayed out of the equipment shell 1 after being mixed with a first air stream (warm air) at a vent on a warm air spraying guide plate 42, and the other part of the left air stream is directly sprayed out of the equipment shell 1 from the vent on the upper part of the front device panel 30 and is mixed with the first air stream (warm air) at the left side of the left air stream and then is sprayed out of the equipment shell 1; the right normal-temperature air channel 7 is positioned on the right side of the equipment shell 1 and is enclosed by a high-temperature area right partition plate 39, a device back panel 31, a device right panel 9, a device front panel 30 and a device top plate 34, after a right strand of air rises through the right normal-temperature air channel 7, one part of the right strand of air is turned by 90 degrees at the top of the equipment shell 1, enters a gap between the device top plate 34 and a heat storage box top plate 35, is mixed with a back strand of air (normal temperature) and moves forwards, and is sprayed out of the equipment shell 1 after being mixed with a first strand of air (warm air) at a vent on a warm air spraying guide plate 42, and the other part of right strand of air is directly sprayed out of the equipment shell 1 from the vent on the upper part of the device front panel 30 after being mixed with the first strand of air (warm air) on the right side of the right strand of air; as shown in fig. 5, the front wind, the rear wind, the left wind and the right wind of the second wind (normal temperature) wrap the first wind (warm wind) in the middle, so that the first wind and the warm wind are well mixed, high temperature is avoided, and the outer surface of the whole equipment shell 1 is provided with a channel with lower wind temperature, so that the possibility of burning, scalding and fire is avoided. Four rollers 44 are arranged below the device floor 25 below the apparatus housing 1 for supporting the entire device.
Furthermore, in the embodiment, the high-temperature region is the middle upper part of the three-chamber combined module of the left ascending preheating chamber 10, the descending heat storage chamber 18 and the right ascending preheating chamber 11, and the electric heating chamber 12 (three-chamber communication), the electric heating body 13, the acid refractory heat storage body 17 and the alkaline refractory heat storage body 19 are arranged in the high-temperature region from top to bottom, because the gas channel design area of the three chambers is large, the gas flow rate is slow, and the gas pressure difference on the same horizontal plane is small, one of the key points of the invention is to strengthen heat conduction and waste heat recovery, so that the heat storage capacity is increased, the air quantity of the first path of air passing through the high-temperature region (the purification ventilation rate is increased), and the region of 800-1150 ℃ exists in the high-temperature region for 24 hours of the stable high-temperature region, therefore, the refractory heat storage bodies of the three chambers on the same horizontal plane are designed into a brick (or two bricks separated in the middle of the heat storage chamber, the integral two-chamber-through heat storage body can eliminate the expansion stress), the sealing structure is designed for sealing between the three chambers, and when the preheating chambers are filled with the concave-convex primary-concave-and secondary-convex slurry, the sealing effect can be ensured, the whole brick is relied on the strong heat conduction capability, the heat conduction capability of the heat storage chamber 18 and the heat recovery structure of the ascending heat storage chamber and the left ascending heat storage chamber 11 are strengthened, and the heat storage chamber, and the heat recovery structure are built. And the other partition plates or sealing structures in the lower temperature area adopt a heat-resistant steel welding sealing structure.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, the middle temperature region (450 to 600 ℃) is the middle part of the three-chamber combined module of the left ascending preheating chamber 10, the descending heat storage chamber 18 and the right ascending preheating chamber 11, the heat storage bodies arranged therein are a whole three-chamber penetrated short heat-resistant steel bar 20 and long heat-resistant steel bar 21 (other heat-conducting heat-storage heat-resistant materials or heat pipes and the like can be adopted), or the short heat-resistant steel bar 20 and long heat-resistant steel bar 21 are disconnected at the center of the descending heat storage chamber 18 to form a two-chamber penetrating structure, the heat of the descending heat storage chamber 18 is conducted to the left ascending preheating chamber 10 and the right ascending preheating chamber 11 at the two sides, and the adjacent two chambers are sealed to form a welded structure of the left heat-resistant steel partition plate 23 and the right heat-resistant steel partition plate 24, at this temperature, the heat-resistant steel bar has a long service life, a large surface area for heat transfer with air, a large specific gravity, a strong surface ability, a smooth surface, a hard dust adhesion and a strong heat conduction ability, and further enhances a waste heat recovery ability and a heat storage ability.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, the middle-low temperature region (80-500 ℃) is the middle-lower part of the three-chamber combined module of the left ascending preheating chamber 10, the descending regenerator 18 and the right ascending preheating chamber 11, the heat accumulator arranged in the middle-lower temperature region is the whole three-chamber through phase change heat accumulator 22, or the phase change heat accumulator 22 is disconnected at the middle center of the descending regenerator 18 to form a two-chamber through structure (other heat-conducting and heat-storing heat-resisting materials or heat pipes and the like can be used), while storing heat, the heat of the descending regenerator 18 is conducted to the left ascending preheating chamber 10 and the right ascending preheating chamber 11 at the two sides, and the adjacent two chambers are sealed to form a welded structure of the left heat-resisting steel partition plate 23 and the right heat-resisting steel partition plate 24; the phase-change heat accumulator 22 is a seamless stainless steel elliptical tube filled with low-melting-point alloy (tin, zinc, and the like, and other phase-change materials can be adopted), and at the temperature, the transverse heat conduction, the waste heat recovery capacity and the heat storage capacity are further enhanced by utilizing latent heat of fusion, and the overall dimension of the device is greatly reduced. The oval shape improves heat transfer, reduces wind resistance, reduces internal stress caused by volume change of the internal phase-change material in the phase-change process, and prolongs the service life.
Furthermore, in the embodiment, an intelligent control power supply box 43 is arranged in the low-temperature area at the middle lower part of the right panel 9 of the device, so that the start and stop and the frequency of the primary fan 2 and the secondary fan 4 can be intelligently controlled in a frequency conversion manner according to the indoor temperature requirement; according to the temperature detection result of the device, the intelligent silicon controlled rectifier can control the electric heating power of off-peak electricity, and the device can also be subjected to manual intervention, leakage protection, overcurrent protection, overtemperature protection, safety guarantee measures for preventing burn, scald, furniture baking, fire, electric shock and the like, and a fault prompt function.
Considering that the power supply laid by the resident user cannot be very large and is difficult to satisfy the power supply of the high-power electric equipment, the embodiment adopts a one-set distributed heating arrangement mode for each house, and also avoids the problems of investment and short service life of the water heat exchanger and the water heating system.
More specifically, the preferable material of the acid refractory heat accumulator 17 is a high-density SiC brick or silica brick with a surface loaded with a porous nano TiO2 or SiO2 coating, or a high-density clay brick, mullite brick, cordierite brick, high-alumina brick or other acid refractory materials with a surface loaded with a porous nano TiO2 or SiO2 coating, or a non-fired precast block or a cast-in-place structure with a casting material, and further has a vertically through gas channel.
More specifically, the alkaline refractory heat accumulator 19 is preferably made of a high-density magnesium aluminate spinel brick with a surface loaded with a porous nano CaCO3 coating, or a magnesia brick, a dolomite brick, or other alkaline refractory materials, and the surface loaded with the coating may be made of Na2CO3 or K2CO3, or may be an unfired precast block or a cast-in-place structure of a castable material, and further has a vertically through gas channel.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a device that little house type utilized low ebb electricity energy storage heating, disinfection, reduced PM2.5, includes equipment casing (1), primary fan (2), secondary fan (4), cloth wind passageway (5), electric heating room (12), its characterized in that:
a primary fan (2) is arranged on a device bottom plate (25) below the interior of the equipment shell (1), a secondary fan (4) is arranged between the device bottom plate (25) and a heat storage box bottom plate (26) above the device bottom plate through a wind distribution channel bottom plate (27), a pressure equalizing chamber (3) is formed between the device bottom plate (25) and the wind distribution channel bottom plate (27), and a wind distribution channel (5) is formed between the wind distribution channel bottom plate (27) and the heat storage box bottom plate (26);
based on the first path of pressurized air of the secondary fan (4), a three-chamber combined module is arranged in the equipment shell (1) above the air distribution channel (5) according to the arrangement mode of a vertical air channel, and comprises a descending heat storage chamber (18) in the middle, and a left ascending preheating chamber (10) and a right ascending preheating chamber (11) which have the same functions and are arranged on two sides; an electric heating chamber (12) is communicated above the three-chamber combined module, the electric heating chamber (12) is provided with an electric heating body (13), and an acid refractory material heat accumulator (17), an alkaline refractory material heat accumulator (19), a short heat-resistant steel rod (20), a long heat-resistant steel rod (21) and a phase change heat accumulator (22) are arranged in the three-chamber combined module from top to bottom; the first path of pressurized air respectively enters a left ascending preheating chamber (10) and a right ascending preheating chamber (11) at two sides through an air distribution channel (5), is gradually preheated in the ascending process, is further heated to 800-1150 ℃ by an electric heating body (13) after reaching an electric heating chamber (12), is converged, then downwards enters a descending heat storage chamber (18), gradually stores heat in various heat storage bodies in the descending process, reduces the temperature per se to form the heated air, enters a heated air channel (45) positioned at the front side of a three-chamber combined module through a ventilation opening at the front lower part, and is ejected through a heated air outlet at the upper part of the heated air channel (45), and the first path of pressurized air reversely moves in the three-chamber combined module to complete preheating, temperature rise, heat storage temperature reduction and air purification;
based on the second path of normal temperature air of the primary fan (2), a front normal temperature air channel (32), a rear normal temperature air channel (33), a left normal temperature air channel (6) and a right normal temperature air channel (7) are arranged between the outer sides of the three-chamber combined module and the warm air channel (45) and the equipment shell (1), and air outlets of the four normal temperature air channels are converged with the first path of warm air of the warm air channel (45) at a warm air outlet;
in the three-chamber combined module, the region provided with the acid refractory material heat accumulator (17) and the alkaline refractory material heat accumulator (19) is a high-temperature region, the acid refractory material heat accumulator (17) and the alkaline refractory material heat accumulator (19) in the high-temperature region are favorable for horizontal transverse heat transfer and penetrate through an integral structure of three chambers of the left-rising preheating chamber (10), the descending heat accumulator (18) and the right-rising preheating chamber (11), or are two integral structures separated in the middle of the descending heat accumulator (18), namely integral two-chamber penetrating heat accumulators, and the three chambers are only separated by a concave-convex primary-secondary sealing structure filled with slurry inside;
in the middle of the three-chamber combined module, the region provided with the short heat-resistant steel bar (20) and the long heat-resistant steel bar (21) is a medium-temperature region, the short heat-resistant steel bar (20) and the long heat-resistant steel bar (21) of the medium-temperature region are of a whole structure penetrating through three chambers of the left-rising preheating chamber (10), the descending heat storage chamber (18) and the right-rising preheating chamber (11), or the short heat-resistant steel bar (20) and the long heat-resistant steel bar (21) are disconnected at the center of the descending heat storage chamber (18) to form a two-chamber penetrating structure, and a welding structure is arranged between the left heat-resistant steel partition plate (23) and the right heat-resistant steel partition plate (24) for isolating the three chambers and the short heat-resistant steel bar (20) and the long heat-resistant steel bar (21);
the middle-lower part of the three-chamber combined module is provided with a middle-low temperature region in which a phase change heat accumulator (22) is arranged, the heat accumulator of the middle-low temperature region is a whole three-chamber through phase change heat accumulator, or the phase change heat accumulator is disconnected at the center of the descending heat accumulator (18) to form a two-chamber through structure, the heat of the descending heat accumulator (18) is guided into the left ascending preheating chamber (10) and the right ascending preheating chamber (11) at two sides during heat storage, and a welding structure is formed between the left heat-resistant steel partition plate (23) and the right heat-resistant steel partition plate (24) for isolating the three chambers and the phase change heat accumulator (22).
2. The device for heating, disinfecting and reducing PM2.5 by using off-peak electricity energy storage for small houses according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the three-chamber combined module is positioned on the middle rear side in the equipment shell (1), and is surrounded by a high-temperature-region left partition plate (38), a high-temperature-region rear partition plate (37), a high-temperature-region right partition plate (39), a high-temperature-region front partition plate (36), a heat storage box top plate (35), a heat storage box bottom plate (26), a lining fireproof heat-insulating layer supporting plate (40), a middle-temperature heat-insulating layer (16) and a high-temperature heat-insulating layer (15), and is divided into a left-rising preheating chamber (10), a descending heat storage chamber (18) and a right-rising preheating chamber (11) which are arranged in parallel by a left heat-resistant steel partition plate (23) and a right heat-resistant steel partition plate (24).
3. The device for heating, disinfecting and reducing PM2.5 by using off-peak electricity energy storage for small houses according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the acid refractory heat accumulator (17) is one of a high-density SiC brick or a silica brick with a porous nano TiO2 or SiO2 coating loaded on the surface, a high-density clay brick, a mullite brick, a cordierite brick and a high-alumina brick with a porous nano TiO2 or SiO2 coating loaded on the surface, or is in a non-fired precast block or a cast-in-situ structure of a casting material; the acid refractory heat accumulator (17) is provided with a gas channel which is vertically penetrated.
4. The small dwelling size heating, sterilizing and PM2.5 reducing device using off-peak electricity energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the alkaline refractory heat accumulator (19) is one of a high-density magnesium aluminate spinel brick, a magnesia brick and a dolomite brick with a porous nano CaCO3 coating loaded on the surface, or is of a non-sintered precast block or castable cast-in-place structure, and the alkaline refractory heat accumulator (19) is provided with a vertically through gas channel.
5. The small dwelling size heating, sterilizing and PM2.5 reducing device using off-peak electricity energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the phase change heat accumulator (22) is a seamless stainless steel oval tube filled with low-melting-point alloy in a sealing manner.
6. The small dwelling size heating, sterilizing and PM2.5 reducing device using off-peak electricity energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: an intelligent control power supply box (43) is arranged in a low-temperature area at the middle lower part of a right panel (9) of the device, and the intelligent control power supply box (43) intelligently controls the start and stop and the frequency of the primary fan (2) and the secondary fan (4) in a frequency conversion mode according to the indoor temperature requirement; according to the temperature detection result, the electric heating power of the valley electricity of an electric heating body (13) arranged in the electric heating chamber (12) is intelligently controlled; the intelligent control power supply box (43) is also provided with an electric leakage protection, an overcurrent protection, an overtemperature protection and a fault prompt electric appliance unit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710586713.4A CN107166489B (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2017-07-18 | Small house type device for storing energy, heating, disinfecting and reducing PM2.5 by using off-peak electricity |
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| CN201710586713.4A CN107166489B (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2017-07-18 | Small house type device for storing energy, heating, disinfecting and reducing PM2.5 by using off-peak electricity |
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| JP2012120476A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2012-06-28 | Sanshu Sangyo Co Ltd | Warm air heater for protected horticulture |
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