CN107163590A - A kind of flame retardant type functionalization phase change composite material - Google Patents
A kind of flame retardant type functionalization phase change composite material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of flame retardant type functionalization phase change composite material, and its component includes (mass percent):Phase-changing energy storage material 20 70, backing material 17 55, porous material 3 10, fire retardant and synergist 5 25, compatilizer 25, Heat Conduction Material 15, light absorbent 38, other function additives 15.The functionalization phase change composite material is homogeneous, latent heat big, with good photothermal deformation ability and fire resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of flame retardant type functionalization phase change composite material and its powder, particle and plate product, belong to Building wood
Material field.
Technical background
The research that phase-changing energy-storing building materials are applied to building materials starts from nineteen eighty-two, is initiated by Sunpower Corp. of USDOE.Phase
Become the advantage that energy storage building material has both both common building materials and phase-change material:It largely can absorb and discharge heat energy;Can be with
Other traditional building materials are used in combination;Install convenient, it is not necessary to special knowledge and skills;It can be given birth to standard production equipment
Production;There is competitiveness in economy, benefit.
Phase-change material refers to that the material of physical state can be changed within the scope of certain temperature, using the temperature difference of environment and system as
Motive force, realizes storage-heat release function.As energy accumulator, phase-change material has that energy storage density is big, energy storage capacity strong, temperature
Constant the advantages of.These advantages have particularly important meaning in terms of energy-conservation, temperature control so that phase-change material is in intelligence
The application fields such as temperature-regulation garment, space flight, building and electronic device receive extensive concern.
For practical application, the security and functionalization of phase-change material are all extremely important.For fire resistance, it must
National standard must be met could actual popularization and application.And functionalization, as waterproof, it is formaldehydeless, energy-conservation etc. if be products innovation and
The embodiment of competitiveness.Publication No. CN101397489A and CN101531885 patent, which only report its sample, to be had necessarily
Flame retardant effect, though the former, which refers to, improves HRR, do not indicate by a certain standard detection, do not show yet
Other features.Publication number CN103212351A patent report has the fire-retardant phase-change microcapsule of high heat conduction, though sample
It is provided with fire-retardant and high heat conduction ability, but and undeclared definite flame retardant effect and the capacity of heat transmission.Publication number CN103692709A
Patent report has fire-retardant, waterproof formaldehydeless phase transformation solid wooden compound floor, does not also specify definite flame retardant effect.
In order to be able to make phase-change material utilize solar heat energy, this is accomplished by good photothermal deformation ability.Publication number
CN106047305A reports the silicon dioxide carried polyethylene glycol being modified using dyestuff colour base, and polyethylene glycol obtains photo-thermal
Transfer capability, but single phase-change material is only limitted to, and dyestuff colour base weatherability is not typically good enough, it is difficult to it is used for a long time, and
Undeclared photothermal deformation ability.The previously disclosed CN103131395A patents of inventor, it was recently reported that with photothermal deformation ability
Paraffin-graphite foam composite, but material does not have anti-flammability.In addition, in order that phase-change material can efficiently store heat
Can, good thermal conductivity factor is essential.Patent such as publication number CN101531885 with the addition of metal iron powder, but its phase transformation is multiple
The thermal conductivity factor of condensation material sample only has 0.36-0.42WmK, still relatively low for practical application, the thermal conductivity factor of product
The thermal conductivity factor (0.6W/mK) of water need to be typically higher than.
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of flame retardant type functionalization phase change composite material so that phase-change material be provided simultaneously with it is fire-retardant
Property, good heat conductive ability, high light thermal conversion efficiency and a variety of functions such as water proofing property, formaldehydeless, further promote phase-change material
The practical application in building material field.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of flame retardant type functionalization phase change composite material, it has anti-flammability, good heat conductive simultaneously
The advantage of ability, high light thermal conversion efficiency and a variety of functions such as water proofing property, formaldehydeless.
The present invention realizes that the concrete technical scheme of above-mentioned purpose is as follows:
A kind of flame retardant type functionalization phase change composite material, it is characterised in that described flame retardant type functionalization phase change composite material group
Dividing includes (mass percent):Phase-changing energy storage material 20-70, backing material 17-55, porous material 3-10, fire retardant and synergistic
Agent 5-25, compatilizer 2-5, Heat Conduction Material 1-5, light absorbent 3-8%, other function additives 1-5.
Further, described phase-changing energy storage material is transformation temperature in 10-100 DEG C of paraffin, alkane, esters, aliphatic acid, fatty alcohol etc.
In one kind and similar or multiclass composite;
Further, described backing material is polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, styrene-butylene/ethene-styrol copolymer, third
It is alkene nitrile/butadiene/styrene copolymers, polypropylene, epoxy resin, melmac, polyester resin, organic siliconresin, poly-
One or more of mixture such as urethane;
Further, described porous material includes expanded perlite, expanded graphite, expanded vermiculite, zeolite, activated carbon, porous two
One or more of mixtures in silica;
Further, described fire retardant is halogenated flame retardant, phosphorus flame retardant, nitrogenated flame retardant, nano-meter flame retardantses, inflatable stone
One or more mixtures in ink;The fire retarding synergist includes organic and inorganic two class, and organic synergist is selected from Ji Wusi
One or more of mixtures in alcohol, pentaerythrite polymer, epoxy resin, melamine, tricresyl phosphate;Inorganic association
Imitate agent be selected from red phosphorus, antimony oxide, APP, magnesium hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide, red phosphorus, Firebrake ZB, nanoscale montmorillonite,
One or more of mixtures in silane-modified nano imvite, zeolite, bentonite, organic and inorganic synergist, which can be mixed, to be made
With, and the mass ratio of the fire retardant and fire retarding synergist is 1:3~4:1.
Further, the compatilizer is maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene, polyurethane, acrylic acid
Lipin polymer, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene acrylic acid co polymer;
Further, the Heat Conduction Material is carbon dust, carbon fiber, carborundum powder, graphite, expanded graphite, iron powder, boron nitride, nitridation
One or several kinds of mixtures in aluminium, aluminum oxide, magnesia, cupric oxide.
Further, the light absorbent is in carbon dust, carbon fiber, CNT, graphene, graphite, expanded graphite, cupric oxide
One or several kinds of mixtures.
Further, a kind of utilize includes powder, particle, sheet material that the composite described in one of claim 1-10 is made.
Further, described in a kind of utilization claim 11 product or product that powder, particle, sheet material is made.
The flame retardant type functionalization phase change composite material, can also be added by pressing process machine-shaping by expressing technique
Work is molded.
The flame retardant type functionalization phase change composite material that above technical scheme is prepared, the phase-change material used can be selected as needed
Species and proportioning, obtain the phase-change material with different phase transition temperatures.The phase change composite material of functionalization can pass through national floor file
The flame-retardant standard (GB/T8626 and GB 8624-2012) of material, reaches B1 grades of standards;It can effectively store and utilize sunshine
Heat energy, so that building adds self-regulated temperature function, reduces building energy consumption, improves human sense of comfort.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the pictorial diagram of functionalization phase change composite material
Fig. 2 is the temperature variation curve of the photothermal deformation of functionalization phase change composite material.
Embodiment
Functionalization phase change composite material of the present invention, its component includes (mass percent):Phase-changing energy storage material 20-70,
Backing material 17-55, porous material 3-10, fire retardant and synergist 5-25, compatilizer 2-5, Heat Conduction Material 1-5, light absorbent
3-8, other function additives 1-5.
Wherein, porous material is effectively encapsulated using performances such as its dimensional effect, porous confinement effects to phase-change material.
Fire retardant and synergist collective effect, can improve the flame retarding efficiency of system, reduce some of flame retardant systems formula component
The content of (such as some expensive or rare component).
Compatilizer can improve the combination degree between each component, so as to improve the stretching of product, impact strength, improve processing rheology
Property, improve the effect such as surface smoothness.
Heat Conduction Material is used for the thermal conductivity factor for lifting material, so as to improve its efficiency for storing heat energy.
Light absorbent is used for the ability that reinforcing material absorbs sunshine, so as to be favorably improved the photothermal deformation ability of material.
Fig. 1 is the pictorial diagram of functionalization phase change composite material.
Fig. 2 is the temperature variation curve of the photothermal deformation of functionalization phase change composite material.
Further explained below is made to the present invention with reference to embodiment, the scope of the present invention is not restricted by the embodiments,
The materials species and the concrete numerical value of consumption being not limited in embodiment, can select according to actual needs suitable feedstock and amplification or
Reduce consumption.
Embodiment one, 5kg paraffin and 0.5kg expanded graphites mixed at 60 DEG C.Obtained material is added into mixing system, plus
Enter 2kg polyethylene, the styrene of one ethylene/butylene of 0.2kg styrene one, 0.02kg cupric oxide, 0.02kg stabilizers and 0.2kg second
Alkene vinyl acetate co-polymer, is slowly stirred mixing at 160 DEG C.It is to be mixed it is uniform after temperature is reduced to 130 DEG C, in order
It is slowly added to 0.7kg expansible graphites, and 0.2kg melamines, 0.6kg APPs, 0.5kg pentaerythrites and 0.06kg
The mixture of nano imvite.Using press process technique at 150 DEG C hot-forming, obtained functionalization phase transformation composite wood
Material, its flame retardant test can pass through GB/T 11785 and the standards of the GB/T 8626, (100mW/ in a standard sunlight irradiation
cm2) photo-thermal conversion efficiency be more than 70%, laser heat conducting instrument and measure thermal conductivity factor and measured for 1.1W/mK, differential scanning calorimeter
Fusing point is 20 DEG C, enthalpy of phase change is 80.2kJ/kg.
Embodiment two, 5.7kg methyl palmitates are mixed with the composite and 0.5kg graphite of methyl stearate at 80 DEG C.Will
The material arrived and 2kg high density polyethylene (HDPE)s, the styrene of one ethylene/butylene of 0.3kg styrene one and 0.2kg ethylene vinyl acetates
Copolymer is slowly kneaded at 180 DEG C.It is to be mixed it is uniform after, be slowly added 0.5kg expansible graphites, 0.5kg APPs,
The mixture of 0.3kg melamines, is well mixed again at 150 DEG C.It is molded, is obtained at 160 DEG C using press process technique
The functionalization phase change composite material arrived, its flame retardant test can be by GB/T 11785 and the standards of GB/T 8626, in a standard too
(100mW/cm when sunlight is irradiated2) photo-thermal conversion efficiency be more than 70%, laser heat conducting instrument measure thermal conductivity factor for 1.4W/mK,
Differential scanning calorimeter measure fusing point be 22 DEG C, enthalpy of phase change be 92.1kJ/kg.
Embodiment three, by 4kg methyl palmitates and 0.8kg expanded graphites at 80 DEG C be well mixed;By obtained material
With 2.4kg polyvinyl chloride, 1kg methyl methacrylates and styrol copolymer, 0.8kg expansible graphites, 0.1kg chlorination stones
Wax, 0.2kg antimony oxides and 0.3kg aluminium hydroxides are mixed in high-speed mixer to 60 DEG C.Existed using processing technology is extruded
It is molded at 180 DEG C, obtains functionalization phase change composite material.Its flame retardant test can by GB/T 11785 and the standards of GB/T 8626,
(the 100mW/cm in a standard sunlight irradiation2) photo-thermal conversion efficiency be more than 70%, laser heat conducting instrument measure heat conduction system
Number be 1.8W/mK, differential scanning calorimeter measure fusing point be 24 DEG C, enthalpy of phase change be 60.3kJ/kg.
It is example IV, 2kg lauryl alcohols and 0.4kg expanded vermiculites and 0.4kg porous silicas is well mixed at 60 DEG C;Will
The material that arrives and 5kg polypropylene, 0.3kg polyurethanes, 1.0kg APPs, 0.8kg red phosphorus, 0.03kg lead salt stabilizers,
0.07kg antioxidants are mixed in high-speed mixer to 60 DEG C, are molded using processing technology is extruded at 170 DEG C, are obtained function
Change phase change composite material.Its flame retardant test can be by GB/T 11785 and the standards of GB/T 8626, in a standard sunlight irradiation
When (100mW/cm2) photo-thermal conversion efficiency be more than 40%, laser heat conducting instrument and measure thermal conductivity factor for 0.17W/mK, differential scanning
Calorimeter measure fusing point be 21 DEG C, enthalpy of phase change be 30.9kJ/kg.
Comparative example is well mixed at 60 DEG C by 6kg octadecyl alcolols and 0.8kg expanded perlites;By obtained material and 2kg polychlorostyrene second
Alkene, the styrene of one ethylene/butylene of 1.2kg styrene one are mixed in high-speed mixer to 80 DEG C.Existed using processing technology is extruded
It is molded at 175 DEG C, obtains functionalization phase change composite material.The material is inflammable, (the 100mW/ in a standard sunlight irradiation
cm2) photo-thermal conversion efficiency be less than 40%, laser heat conducting instrument measure thermal conductivity factor for 0.14W/mK, differential scanning calorimeter survey
Fusing point be 55 DEG C, enthalpy of phase change be 103.2kJ/kg.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of flame retardant type functionalization phase change composite material, it is characterised in that described flame retardant type functionalization phase change composite material
Component includes (mass percent):Phase-changing energy storage material 20-70, backing material 17-55, porous material 3-10, fire retardant and association
Imitate agent 5-25, compatilizer 2-5, Heat Conduction Material 1-5, light absorbent 3-8, other function additives 1-5.
2. a kind of flame retardant type functionalization phase change composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described phase transformation storage
Energy material is that transformation temperature is a kind of and similar or multiclass in 10-100 DEG C of paraffin, alkane, esters, aliphatic acid, fatty alcohol
Composite.
3. a kind of flame retardant type phase change composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described backing material is poly-
Vinyl chloride, polyethylene, styrene-butylene/ethene-styrol copolymer, acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene copolymer, poly- third
The one or more of mixture of alkene, epoxy resin, melmac, polyester resin, organic siliconresin, polyurethane.
4. a kind of flame retardant type phase change composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described porous material includes
One or more of mixtures in expanded perlite, expanded graphite, expanded vermiculite, zeolite, activated carbon, porous silica.
5. a kind of flame retardant type functionalization phase change composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fire retardant
For one or more mixing in halogenated flame retardant, phosphorus flame retardant, nitrogenated flame retardant, nano-meter flame retardantses, expansible graphite
Thing;The fire retarding synergist includes organic and inorganic two class, and organic synergist is selected from pentaerythrite, pentaerythrite polymer, epoxy
One or more of mixtures in resin, melamine, tricresyl phosphate, ferrocene;Inorganic synergist is selected from three oxidations
Two antimony, APP, magnesium hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide, red phosphorus, Firebrake ZB, nanoscale montmorillonite, silane-modified nano imvite,
One or more of mixtures in zeolite, bentonite, organic and inorganic synergist can be used in mixed way, and the fire retardant and resistance
The mass ratio for firing synergist is 1:3~4:1.
6. a kind of flame retardant type functionalization phase change composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the compatilizer is
Maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene, polyurethane, acrylic acid esters co-polymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate
Ester copolymer, ethylene acrylic acid co polymer.
7. a kind of flame retardant type functionalization phase change composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Heat Conduction Material
For carbon dust, carbon fiber, carborundum powder, graphite, expanded graphite, iron powder, boron nitride, aluminium nitride, aluminum oxide, magnesia, cupric oxide
In one or several kinds of mixtures.
8. a kind of flame retardant type functionalization phase change composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the light absorbent
For one or several kinds of mixtures in carbon dust, carbon fiber, CNT, graphene, graphite, expanded graphite, cupric oxide.
9. according to a kind of anti-flammability functionalization phase change composite material described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described anti-flammability work(
Phase change composite material, which can be changed, has good anti-flammability, the capacity of heat transmission and a photothermal deformation ability, and waterproof, formaldehydeless.
10. a kind of utilize includes powder, particle, sheet material that the composite described in one of claim 1-9 is made.
11. product or product that powder, particle, the sheet material described in a kind of utilization claim 10 are made.
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