CN107153753A - A kind of method of Francis turbine basic parameter estimation - Google Patents
A kind of method of Francis turbine basic parameter estimation Download PDFInfo
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- CN107153753A CN107153753A CN201710493690.2A CN201710493690A CN107153753A CN 107153753 A CN107153753 A CN 107153753A CN 201710493690 A CN201710493690 A CN 201710493690A CN 107153753 A CN107153753 A CN 107153753A
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- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
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- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
- G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the hydraulic turbine there is provided a kind of method that Francis turbine basic parameter is estimated, Francis turbine basic parameter is estimated.The present invention needs the hydraulic turbine basic parameter estimated to include specific speed ns, unit speed n11With specific discharge Q11, method of the invention is：The specific speed of Francis turbine to be evaluated is determined, the specific speed is designated as ns；The maximum application head of Francis turbine to be evaluated is determined, the maximum application head is designated as Hmax, and judge HmaxResiding scope；According to HmaxThe estimation equation of correspondence scope estimates basic parameter, and formula is：Work as HmaxDuring≤100m, As 100m ＜ HmaxDuring≤200m, ns=2191.5Hr ‑0.5007,Q11=1.0642Ln (ns)‑4.7812；As 200m ＜ HmaxDuring≤300m,n11=1.2874ns 0.7878, Q11=0.7821Ln (ns)‑3.3718；Work as HmaxDuring ＞ 300m, ns=3609.2Hr ‑0.6189, n11=37.207ns 0.1186, Q11=0.3652Ln (ns)‑1.4009.The present invention is applied to Francis turbine, can preferably meet new hydroelectric project requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the hydraulic turbine, more particularly to a kind of method of Francis turbine basic parameter estimation.
Background technology
The hydraulic turbine refers to the mechanical energy that the mechanical energy of current is changed into runner in power station, runner and main shaft is overcome respectively
The machine planted resistance and continuously run, is referred to as " heart " in power station, the reasonable selection of its parameter is to hydroelectric project
Initial investment and after putting into operation the performance of economy of power plant benefit there is very important effect, be hydroelectric project design it is important in
Hold.
Hydraulic turbine specific speed nsIt is to weigh hydraulic turbine energy response, Cavitation Characteristics, operation stability and economy and elder generation
The composite target for the property entered.Improve specific speed and have to improving hydraulic turbine energy response, reduction unit cost and factory building construction investment
It is significant；But the raising of specific speed is again by factors such as hydraulic turbine intensity, cavitation performance, sand erosion and operation stabilities
Restriction.Therefore, how specific speed n is reasonably determinedsIt is very important content in hydroelectric project design.By calculation formulaKnow, because the excursion (Francis turbine is generally 90%~95%) of efficiency eta is limited, only when
Unit speed n11With specific discharge Q11During Proper Match, most suitable specific speed n can be just obtainedsValue and hydraulic turbine combination property.
It is with the immediate implementation that solves the above problems of the present invention at present：In order to try to achieve hydraulic turbine basic parameter -- ratio
Rotating speed ns, unit speed n11With specific discharge Q11, generally there is two methods.Method one：If in the hydroelectric project of design, the hydraulic turbine
Head, the parameter such as exert oneself are identical or close with the turbine parameter manufactured and designed, then utilize the model runner parameter and synthesis
Characteristic curve estimates hydraulic turbine basic parameter.Because this method is to be based on a certain existing model runner data, by technology at that time
The limitation of condition, general is difficult that comprehensive, deep experimental study, thus the hydraulic turbine specific speed calculated are done to runner characteristic
ns, unit speed n11With specific discharge Q11It is general to be difficult to meet new hydroelectric project requirement；It is particularly large and medium-sized or have it is special will
The hydroelectric project asked, usually requires that the actual conditions and service requirement according to engineering, and new turn is developed with new technology developments such as CFD
Wheel.Method two：When not suitable model runner data, then hydraulic turbine basic parameter is estimated by statistical formula.Due to the party
Method is to estimate hydraulic turbine basic parameter by statistical formula, and current this statistical formula is more, by each statistical formula institute foundation
Turbine parameter sample data be the 1970s and 1980s in last century before a certain head section or a certain scope of exerting oneself
, have some limitations, the result that same hydroelectric project is calculated with different statistical formula is different, some even differ compared with
Greatly, it is impossible to correct to choose.Therefore method one, two can not meet hydroelectric project to new technology, new material, new technology, new construction
Etc. the requirement continued to develop, the hydraulic turbine specific speed n calculateds, unit speed n11With specific discharge Q11Typically also it is difficult to meet
New hydroelectric project requirement.
In recent years, Chinese hydroelectric development achieves remarkable achievement, is that Energy restructuring plays important make
With, it has also become lead and promote the immense strength of world's hydroelectric development and the another Chinese shape being world known after Chinese high ferro
As.Ended for the end of the year 2014, Chinese water power total installation of generating capacity has broken through 300,000,000 kilowatts, account for global total installed capacity of hydropower total amount four/
One, it is contemplated that the year two thousand fifty whole world total installed capacity of hydropower reaches 20.5 hundred million kilowatts.It has been fruitful, has been walked out with " band all the way " in order to make full use of
It is opportunity to go development strategy, and strong technical support is provided for follow-up home and abroad construction of hydropower plant, and the present invention is in collection, whole
Reason home and abroad on the basis of the Francis hydroturbine generator set data of substantial amounts of operational excellence, utilizes least square over nearly 30 years
Method principle, sample data is done with substantial amounts of turbine parameter, it is intended to which it is public that regression calculation obtains new hydraulic turbine basic parameter estimation
Formula, draws rational hydraulic turbine specific speed ns, unit speed n11With specific discharge Q11Estimated value, will to meet new hydroelectric project
Ask.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：A kind of method of Francis turbine basic parameter estimation is provided, to mixed
Flow water turbine basic parameter is estimated.
To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of Francis turbine basic parameter estimation
Method, comprises the following steps：
A. the rated head of Francis turbine to be evaluated is determined, the rated head is designated as Hr；
B. the maximum application head of Francis turbine to be evaluated is determined, the maximum application head is designated as Hmax, and judge
HmaxResiding scope；H in the present inventionmaxScope residing for possible has Hmax≤ 100m, 100m ＜ Hmax≤ 200m, 200m ＜
Hmax≤300m、HmaxTetra- groups of ＞ 300m；
C. according to HmaxThe specific speed estimation equation estimation specific speed of correspondence scope, the specific speed is designated as ns, specific speed estimates
Calculating formula is：
Work as HmaxDuring≤100m,
As 100m ＜ HmaxDuring≤200m, ns=2191.5Hr -0.5007(4)；
As 200m ＜ HmaxDuring≤300m,
Work as HmaxDuring ＞ 300m, ns=3609.2Hr -0.6189 (10)。
Further, present invention additionally comprises step d. according to HmaxThe unit speed estimation equation of correspondence scope and step c institutes
The n obtainedsUnit speed is estimated, the unit speed is designated as n11, the specific speed estimation equation of the scope is：
Work as HmaxDuring≤100m,
As 100m ＜ HmaxDuring≤200m,
As 200m ＜ HmaxDuring≤300m, n11=1.2874ns 0.7878(8)；
Work as HmaxDuring ＞ 300m, n11=37.207ns 0.1186 (11)。
Further, present invention additionally comprises step e. according to HmaxThe specific discharge estimation equation of correspondence scope and step c institutes
The n obtainedsSpecific discharge is estimated, the specific discharge is designated as Q11, the specific speed estimation equation of the scope is：
Work as HmaxDuring≤100m,
As 100m ＜ HmaxDuring≤200m, Q11=1.0642Ln (ns)-4.7812 (6)；
As 200m ＜ HmaxDuring≤300m, Q11=0.7821Ln (ns)-3.3718 (9)；
Work as HmaxDuring ＞ 300m, Q11=0.3652Ln (ns)-1.4009 (12)。
It should be noted that：In unit of account rotating speed and specific discharge, the n of the hydraulic turbinesValue and estimation equation (1),
(4), the value that (7), (10) are solved can have some difference sometimes, because nsValue is typically to take to be conducive to other ginsengs of calculated for subsequent
Several numerical value such as generator synchronous rotational speed etc., the generator synchronous rotational speed for example calculated by the estimated value of estimation equation is 99r/
Min, then generator synchronous rotational speed must be taken as the 100r/min of generator standard recommendation, nsValue then needs to do corresponding amendment；
Certainly, sometimes according to needs, nsI.e. the value that value estimation equation (1), (4), (7), (10) are solved, therefore art technology
Personnel can voluntarily select as needed.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention is by collecting, arranging the mixed of the substantial amounts of operational excellence in nearly 30 years home and abroads
Streaming turbine-generator units data, by hydraulic turbine maximum application head Hmax, data is divided into Hmax≤ 100m, 100m ＜ Hmax≤
200m, 200m ＜ Hmax≤300m、HmaxTetra- groups of ＞ 300m, the difference having with the different head scope Francis turbine of correspondence
Performance characteristics.Using least square method, sample data is done with substantial amounts of turbine parameter, regression calculation obtains Francis turbine
In basic parameter -- the specific speed n of four head sectionss(mkW), unit speed n11And specific discharge Q (r/min)11(m3/ s)
Estimation equation, is that Francis turbine that is big-and-middle-sized or having particular/special requirement is created after early stage has done a large amount of calculating, derived work
A more rational basic parameter evaluation method is summed up to the property made, new hydroelectric project requirement is preferably met, after being
Continuous home and abroad construction of hydropower plant provides strong technical support.No matter also, whether there is same or similar hydraulic turbine mould
Type, the present invention is all suitable for.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is further described.
1. the Francis turbine basic parameter statistical formula generally used at present, mainly have②③n11=50+0.11ns, 4.⑤Q11=0.1134 (ns/(50+0.11ns))2, 6.Below by formula of the present invention (1) ,~(12) and conventional statistical formula are 1.~is 6. applied to sample data
In, each formula result of calculation and the error of actual value are obtained, 1~table of table 5 is wherein several groups sample datas and its calculation error
Contrast.
The group of table more than 1 sample data (hydraulic turbine actual parameter)
The formula of the present invention of table 2 and the statistical formula calculation error contrast (H generally used at presentmax≤100m)
The formula of the present invention of table 3 and statistical formula calculation error contrast (the 100m ＜ H generally used at presentmax≤200m)
The formula of the present invention of table 4 and statistical formula calculation error contrast (the 200m ＜ H generally used at presentmax≤300m)
The formula of the present invention of table 5 and the statistical formula calculation error contrast (H generally used at presentmax＞ 300m)
The result of calculation of 2~table of table 5 shows that the quadratic sum for the error that formula (1)~(12) are obtained is most in each head
It is small, it is as optimal, the selection of Francis turbine basic parameter in new hydroelectric project can be preferably applied for.
The general principle and main feature of the present invention is the foregoing described, the description of specification simply illustrates the original of the present invention
Reason, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes and improvements
It all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method of Francis turbine basic parameter estimation, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A. the rated head of Francis turbine to be evaluated is determined, the rated head is designated as Hr；
B. the maximum application head of Francis turbine to be evaluated is determined, the maximum application head is designated as Hmax, and judge Hmax
Residing scope；
C. according to HmaxThe specific speed estimation equation estimation specific speed of correspondence scope, the specific speed is designated as ns, specific speed estimation public affairs
Formula is：
Work as HmaxDuring≤100m,
As 100m ＜ HmaxDuring≤200m, ns=2191.5Hr -0.5007；
As 200m ＜ HmaxDuring≤300m,
Work as HmaxDuring ＞ 300m, ns=3609.2Hr -0.6189。
2. the method for a kind of Francis turbine basic parameter estimation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include
Step d. is according to HmaxN obtained by the unit speed estimation equation and step c of correspondence scopesUnit speed is estimated, the unit turns
Take down in short-hand as n11, the unit speed estimation equation of the scope is：
Work as HmaxDuring≤100m,
As 100m ＜ HmaxDuring≤200m,
As 200m ＜ HmaxDuring≤300m, n11=1.2874ns 0.7878；
Work as HmaxDuring ＞ 300m, n11=37.207ns 0.1186。
3. the method for a kind of Francis turbine basic parameter estimation according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that also
Including step e. according to HmaxN obtained by the specific discharge estimation equation and step c of correspondence scopesEstimate specific discharge, the list
Bit traffic is designated as Q11, the specific discharge estimation equation of the scope is：
Work as HmaxDuring≤100m,
As 100m ＜ HmaxDuring≤200m, Q11=1.0642Ln (ns)-4.7812；
As 200m ＜ HmaxDuring≤300m, Q11=0.7821Ln (ns)-3.3718；
Work as HmaxDuring ＞ 300m, Q11=0.3652Ln (ns)-1.4009。
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108416527A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-08-17 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Vertical shaft movable propeller turbine plant cavitation coefficient computational methods |
| CN112067181A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-11 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for calculating specific rotating speed of single-stage reversible mixed-flow pump turbine |
| CN113591254A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-02 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for calculating runaway rotating speed of pelton turbine |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108416527A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-08-17 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Vertical shaft movable propeller turbine plant cavitation coefficient computational methods |
| CN108416527B (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2021-08-10 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for calculating power station cavitation coefficient of vertical shaft axial flow Kaplan turbine |
| CN112067181A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-11 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for calculating specific rotating speed of single-stage reversible mixed-flow pump turbine |
| CN112067181B (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-08-31 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for calculating specific rotating speed of single-stage reversible mixed-flow pump turbine |
| CN113591254A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-02 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for calculating runaway rotating speed of pelton turbine |
| CN113591254B (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2023-04-28 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Calculation method for runaway rotational speed of water turbine bucket |
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