CN107148908A - A kind of scab resistance wheat breeding new method - Google Patents
A kind of scab resistance wheat breeding new method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107148908A CN107148908A CN201710445910.4A CN201710445910A CN107148908A CN 107148908 A CN107148908 A CN 107148908A CN 201710445910 A CN201710445910 A CN 201710445910A CN 107148908 A CN107148908 A CN 107148908A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of scab resistance wheat breeding new method, step is as follows：（1）Wheat breed to be improved/be and the anti-source of wheat scab are chosen, hybridization obtains F1；（2）Parent heading stage plant little Hua is handled using the DON toxin of gradient concentration, scab resistance screening pressure is determined；（3）F1 cenospecies obtains BCF1 with maternal backcrossing；（4）Using scab resistance screening pressure processing BCF1 plant little Hua, BCF2 is obtained；（5）Again using scab resistance screening pressure processing BCF2 plant little Hua, BCF3 is obtained；（6）BCF3 economical characters are screened, and advanced lines selfing screening obtains the scab resistance new strain of wheat of improvement.The present invention handles cenospecies plant little Hua so as to the wheat breeding family of the high anti gibberellic disease of specificity screening by the DON toxin of preferred suitable concentration, substantially increases operating efficiency and the degree of accuracy of scab resistance identification, is worth with larger Breeding Application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of agriculture science, refer in particular to a kind of DON toxin by preferred suitable concentration and handle
Cenospecies plant little Hua so as to the high anti gibberellic disease of specificity screening wheat breeding family, substantially increase scab resistance identification
Operating efficiency and the degree of accuracy scab resistance wheat breeding new method.
Background technology
Wheat scab（Fusarium head blight, FHB）Also known as reddish tone miasma, rotten wheat head, the wheat head be withered, red wheat head,
Wheat sickle-like bacteria fringe rot, is a kind of worldwide disease as caused by sickle-like bacteria, is to threaten Wheat Production maximum nosomycosis
One of evil.Wheat scab takes place mostly in East Asia and South America has the area of warm humid climate, but last decade comes, due to
The change of global warming and cropping system makes North America and Europe also frequently occur.China's wheat scab focuses primarily upon me
State's lower Yangtze area and south China Winter Wheat Area and Northeasten Spring Wheat Area of China.In recent years the Huanghe valley and its near zone also when have
Occur, gradually northward extension spreads.Head blight occurs for the province that China has 2/3rds, and during severe epidemic, injured area exceedes
7000000 hectares, account for the 1/4 of the national wheat gross area.Loss of the wheat class industry more than 2,000,000,000 dollars, head blight are also resulted in North America
Serious loss is worldwide all caused to cereal crop.
Head blight may all occur in each growthdevelopmental stage of wheat, and seedling stage formation seedling is withered, causes seedling rotten, the rotten plant root of seedling
Sheath and bud scale are rotted in yellowish-brown water soaking mode；Adult plant formation stem foot rots and fringe is withered, causes brown foot rot and fringe rotten.Brown foot rot master
Occur the base portion in stem, its browning is rotted, whole strain is withered when serious.It is most heavy with fringe corruption harm in China, occur mainly in
Wheat late growth stage, if the period is rainy, proper temperature, you can cause the generation of head blight.Cause the main of wheat scab
Pathogen mainly has F.graminearum schw, yellow fusarium, oat fusarium, pears spore fusarium and rotten 5 kinds of the fusarium of snow.Wherein, it is most important that
F.graminearum schw and yellow fusarium.In China, F.graminearum schw accounts for the 94.5% of wheat scab pathogen.Wheat scab is a kind of
Typical climatype disease, mostly occurs ear period is rainy, the area that has a humid climate, the characteristics of with periodic epidemic.Flowing greatly
Row time disease tassel yield 50%~100%, can the underproduction 10%~40%；Middle popular time disease tassel yield 30%~50%, can the underproduction 5%~15%.
Head blight can not only cause a large amount of underproduction of Wheat Production, quality destruction, and the fungi poison in its susceptible good grain
Element can also cause harm to person poultry safety, especially the deoxynivalenol in Trichothecenes toxin family
（DON）After being eaten by people, the symptoms such as the vomiting of poisoner's hairization, dizziness can be made, in addition, DON chemical property is extremely stable, height is resistant to
Pressure and high temperature, and soluble in water and some organic solvents, thus widely exist in nature, it is dirty to the grain in daily life
Dye rate is very high.DON pollution all generally existings in world wide, there is different degrees of DON pollutions in each state, thus red mould
The generation of disease has seriously threaten world food safety in production.
Solve the problems, such as that head blight needs the comprehensive regulation in terms of three below：Plant disease-resistant variety, Agro-chemicals control and
Cultivation step.By the change of cropping system and planting type, the generation and harm of head blight can be mitigated to a certain extent
Degree, but be difficult to be inherently eliminated spreading and endangering for disease, and with the continuous lifting of Agricultural Mechanization Degree, utilize
The space of changing cropping pattern and planting type reduction head blight harm is also less and less.Forecast using science, and when appropriate
Using the means of Agro-chemicals control in section, generation and harm to prevention and control wheat scab have certain effect, but change
Agriculture production cost can not only be increased by learning chemical control, reduced Wheat Production benefit, also inevitably caused agricultural environment
Pollution, in addition, the effect of chemical control additionally depends on wheat breed, to the kind of head blight height sense, chemical prevention can not have
The generation and harm of effect control wheat scab.Therefore, it is to mitigate gibberella saubinetii scab resistance improvement to be carried out to wheat breed
The most economical environmentally friendly effective way of evil of being critically ill.
Breeding for disease resistance is the control most economical effective measures of head blight.At present, not yet found in China cultivar immune
Kind, but the good disease tolerant variety of many economical characters has been cultivated in various regions.Such as Sumai 3, Wangshuibai, Hunan wheat No. 1, Hubei Province grace 1
Number, 10000 years No. 2, raise wheat No. 4 etc., can suit measures to local conditions select.Cultivate and plantation gibberellic disease resistant kind is control wheat scab
Endanger effective way the most economic and environment-friendly.But wheat scab resistance improvement process is slower at present, it is difficult to meet in production
The requirement of antagonism kind.Crossbreeding is the most basic mode of breeding, is also to use the most most mode of wide, improved variety,
By the restructuring of disease-resistant gene and cumulative, the super close kind of scab resistance can be brought out.The Resistance Identification of wheat scab is
One of element task of disease-resistant crossbreeding, directly affects disease-resistant parent, the accuracy of resistant progeny screening.Wheat is to head blight
Resistance is the quantitative character of controlled by multiple genes, and it shows easily influenced by environmental conditions, therefore the difficulty of anti-disease enzyme is larger, this
It is the current wheat scab resistance improvement slow main cause of process.
Conventional wheat scab resistance authentication method has two major classes at present：Natural occurrence is identified and artificial infection idenfication.
Natural occurrence identification will have good growing weather condition：Wheat growth stage rainwater is more, high humidity, and temperature is high, and sunshine is few, gibberellic hypha
Enrich in source.There are the institute of agricultural sciences of Nanping city in Fujian, the institute of agricultural sciences of Law Firm Suzhou Jiangsu city etc. in the representative identification region of natural occurrence identification, other
Non- long-term region of disease, weather conditions are unsatisfactory for, and qualification result is unreliable.Natural infection is protected from environmental very big, especially
Be to some breeding times late, heading bloom late kind, often influence qualification result because missing period of disease.Under field conditions (factors)
Identification, often cannot get expected result due to a lack of the necessary condition of plant disease epidemic, it is therefore desirable to induce disease using artificial infection
Evil is identified, and objectively reflects resistance level with corresponding Recording criteria.Field single flower inoculation and the in vitro interior of the wheat head connect
Plant the need for can not meeting big colony from generation to generation.General native table connects bacterium or florescence spray bacterium method, the disease tassel yield followed conventional lines and the state of an illness
Index is Recording criteria, but because disease index is a fluctuation index, it is affected by environment big, a large amount of seed selection materials are carried out
Identification seems complicated.During Field inoculation, external condition and breeding time hardly possible control in vitro can control external condition, but kind
The physiological change of itself may be different, so as to influence qualification result.At present, except the side with spore suspension Dan little Hua inoculated identifications
Method identifies that anti-ratio is more convincing outer, and other types and authentication method are still needed research.Therefore, either natural occurrence is identified
And artificial infection idenfication, identification of means is complicated, and qualification result is inaccurate, is required to multiple years identification, and qualification cycle is long, cost
It is higher.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention be for current wheat scab anti-disease enzyme qualification result is inaccurate, length qualification cycle,
The slow defect of scab resistance wheat breeding process passes through preferred suitable concentration there is provided one kind caused by appraisal cost is high
DON toxin processing cenospecies plant little Hua so as to the high anti gibberellic disease of specificity screening wheat breeding family, substantially increase
The operating efficiency of scab resistance identification and the scab resistance wheat breeding new method of the degree of accuracy.
The purpose of the present invention is solved by the following technical programs：
A kind of scab resistance wheat breeding new method, it is characterised in that：The step of breeding new method, is as follows：
（1）Wheat breed to be improved/be and the anti-source of wheat scab are chosen, hybridization obtains F1：Select economical character excellent, red mould
Sick resistance wheat breed to be improved/and it is maternal as hybridization, select the anti-source of wheat scab of high anti gibberellic disease to be used as hybridization
Male parent, field planting Parent, hybridization obtains F1 after heading；
（2）Parent heading stage plant little Hua is handled using the DON toxin of gradient concentration, scab resistance screening pressure is determined：Adopt
With the pure toxin deoxynivalenol of the wheat scab of gradient concentration（DON）Processing male parent and maternal heading stage plant respectively
The little Hua of strain, plant is returned to plant arrive crop field after the completion of processing, setting percentage is counted after wheat seed grouting terminates, due to male parent
Scab resistance will significantly larger than female parent, therefore male parent self fertilizing ovum is higher than maternal self fertilizing to the patience of DON toxin
Ovum, the maternal wheat seed setting percentage of selection be 0 and 30% ＜ male parent wheat seed setting percentages ＜ 60% concentration DON toxin conducts
Scab resistance screening pressure；
（3）F1 cenospecies obtains BCF1 with maternal backcrossing：The F1 cenospecies that upper step is harvested and maternal field planting, are returned after heading
Hand over and obtain BCF1 cenospecies；
（4）Using scab resistance screening pressure processing BCF1 plant little Hua, BCF2 is obtained：By the positive season crop field kind of BCF1 cenospecies
Plant, using scab resistance screening pressure processing heading stage BCF1 cenospecies wheat plant little Hua, plant is returned after the completion of processing and planted
To crop field, solid rear sowing obtains BCF2；
（5）Again using scab resistance screening pressure processing BCF2 plant little Hua, BCF3 is obtained：Next year positive season plantation BCF2, agriculture
Skill character screening eliminates part BCF2（As plant height is uncomfortable, tillering ability is poor, heading stage is excessively slow）, screened again using scab resistance
Pressure processing heading stage BCF2 wheat plant little Hua, solid rear sowing obtains BCF3；
（6）BCF3 economical characters are screened, and advanced lines selfing screening obtains the scab resistance new strain of wheat of improvement：BCF3 crop fields
Plantation, economical character screens excellent individual plant, and individual plant selfing adds generation, advanced lines selfing screening, with wheat breed to be improved/be parent
This is control, and screening obtains the scab resistance new strain of wheat that economical character is good and scab resistance is improved.
The step（1）In the wheat breed that economical character is excellent, scab resistance is to be improved/be refer to yield it is high,
Good grain quality, resistant to lodging, scab resistance need the wheat breed improved/be；The anti-source of wheat scab refers to that multiple years are red
In the experiment of mildew Resistance Identification, disease-sensitive index is not higher than the wheat breed/be of disease-resistant control Sumai 3 disease-sensitive index.
The step（2）In use gradient concentration DON toxin processing Parent heading stage plant little Hua so that it is determined that
During scab resistance screening pressure, if gradient concentration scope sets excessive, it is 0 and 30% that maternal wheat seed setting percentage is not screened
The DON toxin of ＜ male parent wheat seed setting percentages ＜ 60% concentration, only can determine that the concentration area residing for scab resistance screening pressure
Between, now, this step is deferred to next year, next year continues field planting Parent, after the heading of Parent plant, by this DON poison
Plain concentration ranges are divided into finer gradient concentration, and the little Hua of male parent and maternal heading stage plant is handled respectively, and processing is completed
Afterwards plant is returned to plant and arrive crop field, counted setting percentage after wheat seed grouting terminates, just can choose maternal wheat seed knot
Real rate be 0 and 30% ＜ male parent wheat seed setting percentages ＜ 60% concentration DON toxin, be defined as scab resistance screening pressure.
Described DON toxin and the concrete operations flow at scab resistance screening pressure processing heading stage wheat plant little Hua
For：The afternoon day before yesterday takes wheat heading stage plant, cuts the little Hua bloomed in evening on the same day, second day afternoon Post flowering again
The tender little Hua do not bloomed is cut, the small ear bloomed on the day of only leaving and taking is for DON toxin immersion treatments, immersion treatment time
Take 18 points to the 3rd day 8 points of the mornings of second night of plant, wheat head flowing water is rinsed 10min by immersion after terminating.
Described DON toxin be purchased from Sigma companies the pure toxin deoxynivalenol list of wheat scab into
Divide standard liquid.
The acquisition methods of described disease-sensitive index are：It is small according to being fallen ill on sick fringe in wheat scab resistance qualification test
Spike number accounts for the ratio of whole spikelet numbers, and severity is divided into 5 ranks：
0：Susceptible small ear without or it is few, do not expand to cob；
1：Sick portion accounts for full fringe below 1/4；
2：Sick portion accounts for full fringe 1/4~1/2；
3：Sick portion accounts for full fringe 1/2~3/4；
4：Sick portion accounts for full fringe more than 3/4 or full fringe is withered；
Disease-sensitive index=sick spike number at different levels（0~4）The summation of × appropriate level/（Investigate spike number × 4）.
The present invention has the following advantages compared with prior art：
The scab resistance wheat breeding new method of the present invention is successfully excavated to DON toxin to small compared with conventional breeding methods
The super quick period of wheat Grain Development-embryonated egg first division phase, so find wheat family plant scab resistance with it is small
There is good correlation between wheat family embryonated egg first division phase DON toxin patience.The present invention is further by preferred
The cenospecies plant little Hua at the DON toxin processing heading stage of the suitable concentration embryonated egg first division phase, so that specificity sieve
The wheat breeding family of high anti gibberellic disease is chosen, screening operation amount is greatly reduced from source, so as to substantially increase red mould
The operating efficiency of sick Resistance Identification and the degree of accuracy, are worth with larger Breeding Application.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the Technology Roadmap of the scab resistance wheat breeding new method of the present invention.
Embodiment
1 the present invention is further illustrated with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Fig. 1 Technology Roadmap：A kind of scab resistance wheat breeding new method, it is characterised in that：The breeding
The step of new method, is as follows：
（1）Wheat breed to be improved/be and the anti-source of wheat scab are chosen, hybridization obtains F1：
Selection economical character is excellent, scab resistance is to be improved wheat breed/be refers specifically to yield height, good grain quality, anti-fall
Volt, scab resistance need the wheat breed improved/be to be used as hybridization maternal；In multiple years scab resistance qualification test,
The ratio of whole spikelet numbers is accounted for according to spikelet number of being fallen ill on sick fringe, severity is divided into 5 ranks：
0：Susceptible small ear without or it is few, do not expand to cob；
1：Sick portion accounts for full fringe below 1/4；
2：Sick portion accounts for full fringe 1/4~1/2；
3：Sick portion accounts for full fringe 1/2~3/4；
4：Sick portion accounts for full fringe more than 3/4 or full fringe is withered；
And then calculate disease-sensitive index=sick spike number at different levels（0~4）The summation of × appropriate level/（Investigate spike number × 4）；
Disease-sensitive index is not higher than the wheat breed/be the wheat for being classified as high anti gibberellic disease of disease-resistant control Sumai 3 disease-sensitive index
The anti-source of head blight, selects such anti-source of wheat scab to be used as parent sire of hybrid pigs；Field planting Parent, hybridizes after heading and obtains
F1；
（2）Parent heading stage plant little Hua is handled using the DON toxin of gradient concentration, scab resistance screening pressure is determined：
Using the pure toxin deoxynivalenol of the wheat scab of gradient concentration（DON toxin, purchased from Sigma companies
The pure toxin deoxynivalenol single composition standard liquid of wheat scab）Male parent and maternal heading stage plant are handled respectively
Little Hua, concrete operations flow is：The afternoon day before yesterday takes wheat heading stage plant, and bloomed small was cut in evening on the same day
Flower, second day afternoon, Post flowering cut the tender little Hua do not bloomed again, and the small ear bloomed on the day of only leaving and taking soaks for DON toxin
Bubble processing, the immersion treatment time is 18 points to the 3rd day 8 points of the mornings of second night for taking plant, immersion terminate after by the wheat head
10min is rinsed with flowing water；
Plant is returned to plant after the completion of processing and arrives crop field, setting percentage is counted after wheat seed grouting terminates, it is red mould due to male parent
Sick resistance will significantly larger than female parent, therefore male parent self fertilizing ovum is higher than maternal self fertilizing ovum to the patience of DON toxin, choosing
Select maternal wheat seed setting percentage for 0 and 30% ＜ male parent wheat seed setting percentages ＜ 60% concentration DON toxin as red mould
Sick resistance screening pressure；
When carrying out this step, if this season gradient concentration scope sets excessive, do not screen maternal wheat seed setting percentage for 0 and
The DON toxin of 30% ＜ male parent wheat seed setting percentages ＜ 60% concentration, only can determine that dense residing for scab resistance screening pressure
Degree is interval, now, this step is deferred into next year, next year continues field planting Parent, after the heading of Parent plant, by this
DON toxin concentrations interval division handles the little Hua of male parent and maternal heading stage plant, processing respectively into finer gradient concentration
After the completion of by plant return plant arrive crop field, after wheat seed grouting terminate after count setting percentage, just can choose maternal wheat seed
Grain setting percentage be 0 and 30% ＜ male parent wheat seed setting percentages ＜ 60% concentration DON toxin, be defined as scab resistance screening
Pressure；
（3）F1 cenospecies obtains BCF1 with maternal backcrossing：
The F1 cenospecies that upper step is harvested and maternal field planting, backcrossing obtains BCF1 cenospecies after heading；
（4）Using scab resistance screening pressure processing BCF1 plant little Hua, BCF2 is obtained：
By the positive season field planting of BCF1 cenospecies, using scab resistance screening pressure processing heading stage BCF1 cenospecies wheat plant
Little Hua, plant is returned to plant and arrives crop field, solid rear sowing obtains BCF2 after the completion of processing；
（5）Again using scab resistance screening pressure processing BCF2 plant little Hua, BCF3 is obtained：
Part BCF2 is eliminated in next year positive season plantation BCF2, economical character screening（As plant height is uncomfortable, tillering ability is poor, heading stage mistake
Late）, again using scab resistance screening pressure processing heading stage BCF2 wheat plant little Hua, solid rear sowing obtains BCF3；
（6）BCF3 economical characters are screened, and advanced lines selfing screening obtains the scab resistance new strain of wheat of improvement：
BCF3 field plantings, economical character screens excellent individual plant, and individual plant selfing adds generation, advanced lines selfing screening, to wait to improve
Wheat breed/be parent is control, and it is small that screening obtains the scab resistance that economical character is good and scab resistance is improved
Wheat new lines.
Embodiment 1
2007, tobacco grower No. 19 is respectively adopted（Crop field shows anti gibberellic disease）, even wheat No. 5（Crop field performance sense head blight）Carry out
The experiment of the different Anther stages of DON toxin processing wheat, there is provided gradient concentration DON toxin handles 5 wheats not respectively
Tested with Anther stage, respectively unfertilized pollen period, embryonated egg first division phase, 5 days seed embryos of after fertilization
Puberty, 15 days seed " most benevolence " phases of after fertilization, 25 days Grain Fillings of after fertilization.Because different times are to DON toxin
Susceptibility is different, therefore the different Anther stage experiments of tobacco grower No. 19, even No. 5 wheats of wheat are provided with graded series concentration
DON toxin is tested.
DON toxin handles unfertilized pollen concrete operations flow：Take wheat heading stage plant afternoon, the same day cuts
Little Hua through blooming is used for DON toxin immersion treatments, sets the DON toxin of gradient concentration to carry out at flower pesticide immersion treatment, immersion
The reason time is 18 points to the 2nd day 8 points of mornings of evening, and wheat head flowing water is rinsed 10min by immersion after terminating；
DON toxin processing embryonated egg first division phase flower pesticide concrete operations flow be：The afternoon day before yesterday takes wheat heading stage
Plant, the little Hua bloomed was cut in evening on the same day, second day afternoon, Post flowering cut the tender little Hua do not bloomed again, only
The small ear bloomed on the day of leaving and taking is used for DON toxin immersion treatments, and the immersion treatment time is to arrive in the 2nd day at 18 points in evening for taking plant
Wheat head flowing water is rinsed 10min by the 3rd day 8 points of morning, immersion after terminating；
DON toxin processing 5 days seed period of embryo development flower pesticide of after fertilization concrete operations flow be：Took wheat heading the afternoon day before yesterday
Phase plant, the little Hua bloomed was cut in evening on the same day, the 2nd day afternoon, Post flowering cut the tender little Hua do not bloomed again,
Return to plant and arrive crop field, take within the 6th day carry out DON toxin immersion treatments, the immersion treatment time is 18 points to the 2nd day mornings of evening
8 points, wheat head flowing water is rinsed 10min by immersion after terminating；
DON toxin processing 15 days seed " most benevolence " phase flower pesticide of after fertilization concrete operations flow be：The afternoon day before yesterday takes wheat
Heading stage plant, cut the little Hua bloomed in evening on the same day, and the 2nd day afternoon, Post flowering cut do not bloom tender small again
Flower, returns to plant and arrives crop field, take within the 16th day carry out DON toxin immersion treatments, and the immersion treatment time is 18 points to the 2nd day of evening
Wheat head flowing water is rinsed 10min by 8 points of morning, immersion after terminating；
DON toxin processing 25 days Grain Filling flower pesticide of after fertilization concrete operations flow be：Took wheat heading the afternoon day before yesterday
Phase plant, the little Hua bloomed was cut in evening on the same day, the 2nd day afternoon, Post flowering cut the tender little Hua do not bloomed again,
Return to plant and arrive crop field, take within the 26th day carry out DON toxin immersion treatments, the immersion treatment time is that 18 points to the 2nd day of evening is early
Upper 8 points, wheat head flowing water is rinsed 10min by immersion after terminating.
The tobacco grower of the different Anther stage experiments of 5 wheats of the solid rear statistical gradient concentration DON toxin processing of wheat
No. 19, company's No. 5 wheat setting percentages of wheat, statistical result such as following table：
Disease-resistant Representative Cultivars tobacco grower No. 19 is handled by DON toxin in upper table 1 with susceptible Representative Cultivars to connect after No. 5 unfertilized pollen of wheat
The setting percentage of the handled wheat of statistics is it can be found that anti-disease wheat and susceptible wheat occur significantly to the susceptibility of DON toxin
Difference, but the processing mode of immersion can seriously reduce the setting percentage of wheat, tobacco grower No. 19 and the even average setting percentage of wheat No. 5 by
92.3% is reduced to 64.4%, therefore unfertilized pollen period should not be using the processing of DON toxin.
By the contrast of table 2 to table 5 it can be found that the embryonated egg first division phase, 5 days seed period of embryo development of after fertilization, by
15 days seed " most benevolence " phases and 25 days Grain Filling wheat seed setting percentages of after fertilization are to DON toxin immersion treatments after essence
Susceptibility is reduced rapidly, the corresponding DON poison of the setting percentage performance of phase same level after Er Qiekang, the processing of perception kind DON toxin
Plain concentration difference is gradually reduced, and this reflects that selective fertilization ovum first division phase wheat anther can be most using the processing of DON toxin
The saving DON toxin of big degree, is to discriminate between the anti-perceptual best period of plant pair head blight again.
Embodiment 2
2009 to 2015, using the technology path of the present invention, preferably Sumai 3 was successfully improved as parent sire of hybrid pigs
Breeding trunk parent W0533 scab resistance, successful incubation goes out 4 scab resistance new strain of wheat.
（1）Screening W0533 and Sumai 3 are used as hybridization female parent and male parent respectively：
W0533 is the wheat breeding trunk parent that our unit continues to use for many years, a variety of with yield height, good grain quality, resistant to lodging etc.
Advantage, strain is slightly loose in typical " V " font, fringe breadth from the bottom up, and actual fringe width will significantly be more than sown scope；Wheat
In shape is tightened up at pin, space is in typical inverted " v " shape, and plant base portion shows good permeability, but W0533 is to red
Mildew resistance is poor, and head blight severely afflicated area Resistance Identification is shown for many years, W0533 disease tassel yields 35%~65%, and the general underproduction 8%~
20%.The TAI HU AREA institute of agricultural sciences of Jiangsu Province of Sumai 3 system is in 1962 using the good Ah husband of yielding ability as maternal, more resistance to head blight
TaiWan, China wheat breed is hybridized for male parent to be formed through seed selection for many years.The high anti gibberellic disease of Sumai 3, identification is consistent both at home and abroad
Performance is high anti-, is the outstanding anti-source of generally acknowledged head blight, Sumai 3 has certain profit under the conditions of grave illness area and general fertility level
With value, but it is due to that plant is higher, fertilizer resistance anti-lodging is poor, and yield potentiality is restricted, so that failing further to expand plantation.
Positive season field planting W0533 in 2009 and Sumai 3 hybridize combo as hybridization female parent and male parent, after heading and obtain F1.
（2）The determination of scab resistance screening pressure：
2009, the same period carried out DON toxin processing Parent heading stage plant little Hua experiment, because early stage uses other kinds
DON toxin processing Parent heading stage plant little Hua experiment was carried out, different cultivars heading stage plant little Hua is to DON in experiment
The semilethal of toxin is interval in 1.5g/L~25g/L, therefore, using 2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,24,26,
28th, the DON toxin processing W0533 and the heading stage plant little Hua of Sumai 3 of 30g/L gradient concentration, will plant after the completion of processing
Strain, which returns to plant, arrives crop field, setting percentage is counted after wheat seed grouting terminates, as a result such as table 6 below：
According to male parent and maternal seed setting rate performance, preferably 20g/L DON toxin is screened as cenospecies scab resistance
Pressure.
（3）Using scab resistance screening pressure processing BCF1 plant little Hua, BCF2 is obtained；Next year is resisted using head blight again
Property screening pressure processing BCF2 plant little Hua, obtain BCF3：
The F1 cenospecies of positive season W0533 in 2010 and Sumai 3 obtains BCF1 with female parent W0533 backcrossings, and positive season in 2011 will
The positive season field planting of BCF1 cenospecies, heading stage BCF1 cenospecies wheat plant little Hua, place are handled using 20g/L DON toxin
Plant is returned to plant after the completion of reason and arrives crop field, solid rear sowing obtains 102 parts of BCF2 familys；Positive season plantation BCF2 in 2012, agronomy
Character screening eliminates that 38 parts of plant height discomforts, tillering ability be poor, heading stage slow BCF2 excessively, again using 20g/L DON toxin processing
Heading stage BCF2 wheat plant little Hua, solid rear sowing obtains 64 parts of BCF3.
（4）BCF3 economical characters are screened, and advanced lines selfing screening obtains the scab resistance new strain of wheat of improvement：
Positive season BCF3 field planting in 2013, economical character screens excellent individual plant, harvests individual plant selfing within 2014,2015
Plus generation, advanced lines selfing screening, family character is stable within 2015, using parent W0533 as control, and economical character identification obtains 4 parts
The scab resistance new strain of wheat that economical character is good and scab resistance is improved, be respectively designated as W1581, W1582,
W1583, W1584, into wheat breed prerun experiment.
The scab resistance wheat breeding new method of the present invention is excavated compared with conventional breeding methods, successfully and arrives DON toxin
The super quick period-embryonated egg first division phase developed to wheat seed, and then find the plant scab resistance of wheat family
There is good positive correlation between wheat family embryonated egg first division phase DON toxin patience.The present invention is further led to
The cenospecies plant little Hua at the DON toxin processing heading stage of the preferred suitable concentration embryonated egg first division phase is spent, so that special
The opposite sex screens the wheat breeding family of high anti gibberellic disease, and screening operation amount is greatly reduced from source, so as to greatly improve
The operating efficiency of scab resistance identification and the degree of accuracy, are worth with larger Breeding Application.
The technological thought of above example only to illustrate the invention, it is impossible to which protection scope of the present invention is limited with this, it is every
According to technological thought proposed by the present invention, any change done on the basis of technical scheme each falls within the scope of the present invention
Within；The technology that the present invention is not directed to can be realized by prior art.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of scab resistance wheat breeding new method, it is characterised in that：The step of breeding new method, is as follows：
（1）Wheat breed to be improved/be and the anti-source of wheat scab are chosen, hybridization obtains F1：Select economical character excellent, red mould
Sick resistance wheat breed to be improved/and it is maternal as hybridization, select the anti-source of wheat scab of high anti gibberellic disease to be used as hybridization
Male parent, field planting Parent, hybridization obtains F1 after heading；
（2）Parent heading stage plant little Hua is handled using the DON toxin of gradient concentration, scab resistance screening pressure is determined：Adopt
With the pure toxin deoxynivalenol of the wheat scab of gradient concentration（DON）Processing male parent and maternal heading stage plant respectively
The little Hua of strain, plant is returned to plant arrive crop field after the completion of processing, setting percentage is counted after wheat seed grouting terminates, due to male parent
Scab resistance will significantly larger than female parent, therefore male parent self fertilizing ovum is higher than maternal self fertilizing to the patience of DON toxin
Ovum, the maternal wheat seed setting percentage of selection be 0 and 30% ＜ male parent wheat seed setting percentages ＜ 60% concentration DON toxin conducts
Scab resistance screening pressure；
（3）F1 cenospecies obtains BCF1 with maternal backcrossing：The F1 cenospecies that upper step is harvested and maternal field planting, are returned after heading
Hand over and obtain BCF1 cenospecies；
（4）Using scab resistance screening pressure processing BCF1 plant little Hua, BCF2 is obtained：By the positive season crop field kind of BCF1 cenospecies
Plant, using scab resistance screening pressure processing heading stage BCF1 cenospecies wheat plant little Hua, plant is returned after the completion of processing and planted
To crop field, solid rear sowing obtains BCF2；
（5）Again using scab resistance screening pressure processing BCF2 plant little Hua, BCF3 is obtained：Next year positive season plantation BCF2, agriculture
Skill character screening eliminates part BCF2（As plant height is uncomfortable, tillering ability is poor, heading stage is excessively slow）, screened again using scab resistance
Pressure processing heading stage BCF2 wheat plant little Hua, solid rear sowing obtains BCF3；
（6）BCF3 economical characters are screened, and advanced lines selfing screening obtains the scab resistance new strain of wheat of improvement：BCF3 crop fields
Plantation, economical character screens excellent individual plant, and individual plant selfing adds generation, advanced lines selfing screening, with wheat breed to be improved/be parent
This is control, and screening obtains the scab resistance new strain of wheat that economical character is good and scab resistance is improved.
2. scab resistance wheat breeding new method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（1）In
The wheat breed that economical character is excellent, scab resistance is to be improved/it is to refer to that yield height, good grain quality, resistant to lodging, head blight resist
Property needs the wheat breed improved/be；The anti-source of wheat scab refers in multiple years scab resistance qualification test, susceptible to refer to
The wheat breed of the not higher than disease-resistant control Sumai 3 disease-sensitive index of number/be.
3. scab resistance wheat breeding new method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（2）In
Parent heading stage plant little Hua is handled using the DON toxin of gradient concentration so that it is determined that scab resistance is screened when pressing, if terraced
Spend concentration range and set excessive, it is 0 and 30% ＜ male parent wheat seed setting percentages ＜ that maternal wheat seed setting percentage is not screened
The DON toxin of 60% concentration, only can determine that the concentration ranges residing for scab resistance screening pressure, now, this step is deferred to
Next year, next year continues field planting Parent, after the heading of Parent plant, by this DON toxin concentrations interval division into finer
Gradient concentration, the little Hua of male parent and maternal heading stage plant is handled respectively, returns to plant by plant after the completion of processing and arrives crop field, treat small
Wheat kernel grouting counts setting percentage after terminating, it is 0 and 30% ＜ male parent wheat seed that just can choose maternal wheat seed setting percentage
The DON toxin of grain setting percentage ＜ 60% concentration, is defined as scab resistance screening pressure.
4. the scab resistance wheat breeding new method according to claim 1 and 3, it is characterised in that：Described DON toxin
Handling the concrete operations flow at heading stage wheat plant little Hua with scab resistance screening pressure is：Took wheat heading the afternoon day before yesterday
Phase plant, the little Hua bloomed was cut in evening on the same day, second day afternoon, Post flowering cut the tender little Hua do not bloomed again,
The small ear bloomed on the day of only leaving and taking is used for DON toxin immersion treatments, and the immersion treatment time is the second night 18 for taking plant
O'clock to the 3rd day 8 points of morning, wheat head flowing water is rinsed 10min by immersion after terminating.
5. the scab resistance wheat breeding new method according to claim 1,3 and 4, it is characterised in that：Described DON poison
Element is the pure toxin deoxynivalenol single composition standard liquid of wheat scab purchased from Sigma companies.
6. scab resistance wheat breeding new method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described disease-sensitive index
Acquisition methods are：In wheat scab resistance qualification test, the ratio of whole spikelet numbers is accounted for according to spikelet number of being fallen ill on sick fringe, will
Severity is divided into 5 ranks：
0：Susceptible small ear without or it is few, do not expand to cob；
1：Sick portion accounts for full fringe below 1/4；
2：Sick portion accounts for full fringe 1/4~1/2；
3：Sick portion accounts for full fringe 1/2~3/4；
4：Sick portion accounts for full fringe more than 3/4 or full fringe is withered；
Disease-sensitive index=sick spike number at different levels（0~4）The summation of × appropriate level/（Investigate spike number × 4）.
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| CN108770682A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-09 | 宿迁中江种业有限公司 | A kind of mould leaf blight resistant wheat breeding new method of snow |
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| CN113197087A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-08-03 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Wheat scab-resistant molecular breeding method |
| CN113273489A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-20 | 江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所 | Molecular marker-assisted breeding method for high-yield wheat with resistance to gibberellic disease |
| CN113575411A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-02 | 扬州大学 | Breeding method for improving wheat scab resistance by using scab resistant germplasm SF7EL9 |
| CN115443905A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2022-12-09 | 绵阳市农业科学研究院 | Method for cultivating improved wheat containing gibberellic disease resistance gene |
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| CN113273489A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-20 | 江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所 | Molecular marker-assisted breeding method for high-yield wheat with resistance to gibberellic disease |
| CN113575411A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-02 | 扬州大学 | Breeding method for improving wheat scab resistance by using scab resistant germplasm SF7EL9 |
| CN115443905A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2022-12-09 | 绵阳市农业科学研究院 | Method for cultivating improved wheat containing gibberellic disease resistance gene |
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